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（英语）高考英语二轮复习专项训练非谓语动词及解析一、单项选择非谓语动词1．The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.A．is made B．would makeC．was to be made D．had made【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查时态。
句义：在澳大利亚的黄金的发现让成千上万的人相信要发财了。
A. I made 一般过去时B. would make过去将来时C. was to be made 表过去将来且命中注定D. had made 过去完成时，根据句义是过去完成时，所以AD不对，根据题干黄金的发现所以注定要发财，所以C正确。
考点：考查时态。
2．When he was a boy, he used to go there and watch _____.A．to repair bicycles B．bicycles to be repairedC．bicycles being repaired D．repairing bicycles【答案】C【解析】3．I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A．to wind B．wind C．winding D．wound【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：我抬头向上看，注意到一条蛇正在蜿蜒向树上爬来获取它的早餐。
分析句子可知，wind its way作宾语补足语，winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，故选C。
4．I got to the office earlier that day, ________ the 7：30 train from Paddington.A．caught B．to have caughtC．to catch D．having caught【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
高考第二轮语法词汇复习一、动词和非谓语动词动词1. 动词的时态A）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别I opened the door.I have opened the door.B）一般将来时的表达方式will/shall+动词原形We will/ shall visit the museum tomorrow.be going to+动词原形be + doing 进行时表示将来be about to + 动词原形be to + 动词原形They will go to the concert this evening.It’s dangerous outside. Everyone shall stay in the room.（表示命令）You shall be fined if you go on doing like this.（表示警告）You shall get a present if you achieve the goal.（表示许诺）I am going to write an article about my tour in Europe.（事先打算，有意图要发生）It looks as if it is going to rain.（客观情况下即将发生）I was about to go out yesterday morning when the telephone rang.Please fasten your seat belt. The plane is about to take off.（时间不确定）We are to gather at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.（表示事先安排好的）If you are to succeed, you must work hard. ( 表示主语所指的人的愿望) C）进行时态进行时表示将来的动作(come, go, leave…)Mary is leaving for London next week./The old man is dying.进行时态表示经常发生的动作（带有情感色彩）The teacher is always praising me. (表示赞扬)She is continuing getting into trouble (表示同情)You are forever doubting my word. (表示恼火)D) 表示“本打算”，“本计划”，“本来想”was / were to have done…, but …didn’t…had thought / had planned / had hoped / had expecte d …, but …didn’t….had intended to do / would have liked to do… , butintended to have done / would like to have done, butI had intended to mail her yesterday, but I forgot.E) there,here 开首的倒装句，谓语动词不用现在进行时，而用一般现在时There goes the bell./ Here comes the bus.F) hold, contain,include, have, exist 表示状态，不用进行时believe, think, suppose等表示心理状态，通常用一般现在时表示现在的感觉see, hear, smell 等示感觉的动词，一般不用进行时态，而用一般现在时belong to,matter不用进行时Look! I have a book in my hand.I think English is hard to learn well.He heard what the man said just now.This book belongs to me.动词时态练习1.I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I _____ my Mum.A. am takingB. have takenC. takeD. will have taken2. ---How long ____ at this job? ---Since 1990.A. were you employedB. have you been employedC. had you been employedD. will you employed3. I don’t think John saw me; he ____ into space.A. just staredB. was just staringC. has just staredD. had just stared4. ---Your phone number again? I ____ quite catch it. --- it’s 9568442A. didn’tB. couldn’tC. don’tD. can’t5. Shirley ____ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it.A. has writtenB. wroteC. had writtenD. was writing6. If you ___ stop smoking, you can only expect to have a bad cough.A. won’tB. wouldn’tC. does notD. can’t not7. Look at these clouds. ___________.A. It will rain.B. It is to rain.C. It will be rainingD. It is going to rain.8. What a good boy Mike is! He _____ others in his spare time.A. is always helpingB. has always been helpingC. will always helpD. will always have helped9. “I ____ to write a letter to John this morning, but I ____ no time.” Said TomA. hoped, haveB. hoped, hadC. had hoped, hadD. had hoped , have10.I have read your essay. I never ___ you ____ so young.A. expect, areB. expected, wereC. expect, will beD. expected, would be11. I don’t really work here；I _______ until the new secretary arrives.A. just help outB. have just helped outC. am just helping outD. will just help outKey: A B B A D A D ＡＣＢC2. 动词的语态:主动形式常表示被动意义a) 动词want, need, require, deserve 后用动名词的主动形式The window wants/needs/requires repairing.b)有些不及物动词和副词well，easily 等连用时The clothes washes well.The book sells well.c) 某些不及物动词鱼can’t, won’t 等连用时The door won’t shut. / The play won’t act.d)形容词worth后:The book is worth reading twice.e)某些感官动词和系动词与形容词连用时The dish tastes delicious. / Water feels very cold.f) 某些作表语的形容词，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义The fish is not fit to eat./ The exercise is not easy to do词或短语没有被动态leave,enter, reach等的宾语时表示场所，地点，国家，团体，组织，军队等；become, benefit, cost, equal, last, lack, fit, fail, have, lack,last,mean,suit,look like 等表示状态V.下列不及物动词级短语动词：appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on, lose heart等等3. 动词的语态--比较不同He is to blame for it./ He was blamed for it.His words proved to be right./ His words were proved.His feet hurt after a long walk./ He was hurt in the arm.动词语态练习1.---Can I help you sir?---Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it _____.A. didn’t workB. won’t workC. can’t workD. doesn’t work2. The pen I bought yesterday ____ very smoothly.A. was writtenB. is writtenC. wroteD. writes3. The first book about tea ____ in Chinese in the 9th century.A. wroteB. is writtenC. was writtenD. had written4.It’s late in the evening, but my brother still hasn’t come back. What do you think ____ to him?A. would happenB. has happenedC. is happenedD. had happened5. My mother _____ the soup and it _____ salty.A. is tasting…tastesB. has tasted…is tastingC. is tasting…is tastedD. tastes…has been tasted6. Some labels on bottles of medicine are not so easy____, which causes mistakes about the quantity ____. A. to beread…to take B. to read… to takeC. to be read… to be takenD. to read…to be taken7. I felt it was your husband who _____ for the spoiled child.A. is to blameB. is going to blameC. is to be blamedD. should blame8. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _____ the cloth ____ well.A. hav e told…washesB. have been told…washesC. was told…washedD. have been told…was washedKey: DDCB A DAB非谓语动词---不定式分词动名词1. 只接不定式做宾语的动词:hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen2. 只接动名词做宾语的动词或短语* mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, consider*can’t help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be enga ged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to 3. 既可跟to do 也可跟doing意义基本相同begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue意义相反stop to do 停止手中事stop doing 停止正在做的事意义不同remember/forget/regret / go on/ try /meancan’t help to do（不能帮忙做）can’t help doing（忍不住要做）不定式练习：1．He said it was a waste of money to hire her____ nothing but __ those girls, who had never practised gymnasium.A. to do ….coachB. doing…coachC. for doing… to coachD. to do …coaching2. Advertisements can’t help ________ a product which is of poor quality.A. sellB. sellingC. to have soldD. to be selling3. Mary had such a nice hair style that I had my hairdresser ______ my hair up like hers.A. doingB. doC. having doneD. to do4. What a fire door does is _____ the spread of a fire long enough for people ______ out.A. to delay…gettingB. delay…to getC. to be d elaying…getD. delaying…be getting5. The escaped prisoner was thought______ in the city, but the police couldn’t find him.A. to have hiddenB. to be hidingC. to hideD. hiding6. The disease that killed birds seems __________ worse all t he time, but doctors still haven’tfound out the virus that caused it.A. to getB. to have gotC. gettingD. to be getting7. Robert is said ________ aboard, but I don’t know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studying8. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _______ everything.A. to tell b. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told9. Both sides claimed ________ the other side’s plane, but none of the news was true.A. to bring downB. bringing downC. to have brought downD. having brought down10. Most people around the world are right-handed. This fact also seems______ true throughouthistory.A. to holdB. to be heldC. to have heldD. to have been held11. He _______ the new director of the hospital, but he fell ill.A. was to have beenB. was to beC. had beenD. was being12. I ________, but I forgot.A. meant to have telephonedB. meant telephoningC. had meant to be telephoningD. had meant telephoning13. I wish I’d been there---I would like ______ Harry’s face When Nan walked in.A. to seeB. seeingC. to have seenD. having seen14. I would love_______ to the party last night, but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone15. ---Could I go home now, Mr. Jackson?----No, I still have some materials_________.A. to be typedB. to typeC. for typingD. typed16. With a lot of difficult problems ________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settledB. settlingC. to settleD. being settled17. I feel it is your husband who _____ for the spoiled child.A. is to blameB. is going to blameC. is to be blamedD. should blame18. Would you please lend me the book _________?A. to readB. to be readC. for readingD. to be reading19. The suitcase is too heavy _________. Would you please lend me a hand?A. to be carriedB. to be being carriedC. to carryD. to have been carried20. We hurried to the house agency _________ that all the rooms in the apartment building had been sold out.A. only to be toldB. just to be toldC. only being toldD. to have been told21. Ruth wouldn’t be so careless_______ the room door.A. to forget lockingB. to forget to lockC. as to forget to lockD. as forgetting locking22. When I asked the man for information about the latest flights, he said the information desk was the place ________for help.A. turning toB. to turn toC. for turningD. to turn23. There are fire pairs ________, but I’m at a loss which to buy.A. to be chosenB. to choose fromC. to chooseD. for choosing24. In these days of inflation and luxury living, one income per family is simply not enough to __.A. to liveB. to live onC. for livingD. for living on25. She usually has a lot of meetings ________.A. to attendB. for attendingC. to be attendedD. for being attended26. ---Just operate the machine according to the directions by yourself. ---How can I tell _____.A. which button to pressB. which button to be pressedC. which button for pressingD. which button being pressed27. The actors and actress were allowed only 15 minutes ________ their costumes.A. in which to changeB. which to changeC. in which they changeD. when changing28. The chairman made a conclusion _____________ the meeting.A. with which to endB. which to endC. in which to endD. with which for ending29. The man looked back from to time, as if _______ who was following him.A. seeingB. sawC. to seeD. to be seeing30. For a student of 15 _________ in charge of a grocery is really a hard job.A. to leaveB. to be leftC. leavingD. to have left31. --- Cathy, why not call a taxi? Don’t be late.--- I’ll try________. A. not B. no being done C. not to D. don’t be32. --- Is she an actress? --- No, but she _________. A. used to be B. used to C. used to being D. was being Key: 1-5 AABBB 6-10 DADCD 11-15 AACBA 16-20 CAACA 21-25CBBBA 26-30 AAACB 31-32 CA分词练习1.The virus can kill a person ___________.A. if not treatedB. not to be treatedC. if he not treatedD. not having been treated2. We have arranged for the doctors to come whenever_________.A. neededB. they needC. it is neededD. their being needed3. Until _________ to speak, you might as well remain silent while _________ the problem.A.asked…discussedB.asked…discussingC.tobe asked…you discussingD. asking….discussed4. The important experiment, __________ in a remote laboratory, was at once reported in the newspaper.A. though was madeB. having madeC. though to be madeD. though made5. _________north, you must change at Shanghai.A. If travelB. If travelingC. TravelD. To travel6. She kept looking around, as if _________ for someone.A. to searchB. searchingC. her searchingD. searched7. The prize consists of air tickets for three people to travel anywhere in the world for two weeks, with all hoteland other expenses________.A. paidB. to have been paidC. having paidD. to be paid8. The great fire continued till the next morning, with a heavy smoke ________ in the distance.A. could be seenB. seenC. having seenD. to be seen9. With the guide_______ the way, we set off on foot into the dark night.A. leadingB. ledC. leadsD. to lead10. Without the sun’s light _______ the earth’s surface, it would be so cold that life could not exist on earth.A. warmsB. warmedC. warmingD. to warm11.___________, it should never be pointed at anyone.A. When carrying a gunB. Carried a gunC. With a gun carryingD. When you carry a gun12. There ________ little petrol_______, the captain had to make a forced landing.A. was…leftB. being…leftC. had…to be leftD. having….having left13. I was relieved to see the crew were all right, all my worry_______.A. was goingB. had goneC. goneD. went14. Everything ________, his plan seems better than anyone else’s.A. having consideredB. to be consideredC. consideringD. considered15. Some people believe that some numbers show the _______ side of a person’s personality.A. hidingB. hidC. hiddenD. hide16. _______ in his term paper, he declined the invitation to a dinner party.A. Having absorbedB. AbsorbedC. AbsorbingD. Be absorbed17. _______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lose18. He is a ______ actor and _______ with life.A. bored….boringB. boring…. boredC. bored… boredD. bor ing…boring19. Credit cards were only used to buy gasoline in the__________.A. quickly growing automobile serviceB. quickly grown automobile serviceC. automobile service growing serviceD. automobile service that quickly grown20. ____________ makes it very difficult for one to recall all the basic kinds of information we take for granted.A. Failed memoryB. Failing memoryC. Memory having failedD. Memory to have failed21. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ________________.A. 20 dollars remainedB. 20 dollars to remainC. remained 20 dollarsD. remaining 29 dollars22. _________ with the old Movie, Cleopatra remains the most expensive movie ________.A. Compared… ever madeB. Comparing….having ever been madeC. To compare… being ever madeD. To be compared…having ever made23. ________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding24. _________ about their mother’s illness, the children rushed towards the hospital.A. Having informedB. Informed themC. Having been informedD. After informing them25. All flights ___________ because if the storm, they decided to take the train.A. having cancelledB. were cancelledC. have been cancelledD. having been cancelled26. The conference currently _______ in Geneva has caught the attention of the mass media.A. heldB. to be heldC. being heldD. having held27. _____________ my assignment, I was not allowed _________TV.A. Having not finished…to watchB. Not having finished….to watchB. No finishing…watching D. Not yet finished…to wa tch28. His remarks set us _________ whether he was telling the truth.A. wonderingB. wonderC. to wonderD. to be wondering29. __________ at the door, the man didn’t know whether to go in or leave.A. Left standingB. Left to standC. Having left to standD. Leaving standing30. ________ by his father, the boy was too frightened to go home.A. Having caught playing truantB. Caught playing truantC. Catching play truantD. To have been caught to play truant31. All __________ will be present at the conference.A. parties concernedB. parties concerningC. concerned partiesD. concerning parties32. The boy was last seen ______ in the shallow water, but was not to be found after that.A. swimmingB. to be swimmingC. swimD. having swum.33. We can’t get the car ________. We need someone _________ us.A. to go…to helpB. going…to helpC. going…helpingD. gone…helpingKey：1-5 AABDB 6-10 BABAC 11-15 DBCDC 16-20 BCBAB 21-25 DACCD 26-30 CBAAB 31-33 AAB动名词练习1.---What do you think made Mary so upset? ---________ her new bicycle.A. As she lostB. LostC. LosingD. Because of losing2. Tony was very unhappy for __________ to the party.A. having not been invitedB. not having invitedC. having not invitedD. not having been invited3. ________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposedD. After being exposed4. The lady admitted _________ the letter, but denied__________ it.A. having read…burningB. to have read…..having burnt B. to have read…to have burnt D. reading…to burn5. She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to ________ her.A. seeB. have seenC. seeingD. having seen6. What most worried the child was ________ to visit his mother in the hospital.A. his not allowingB. his not being allowedC. his being t allowedD. having not been allowed7. The discovery of new evidence led to _________.A. the thief having caughtB. catch the thiefC. the thief being caughtD. the thief to be caught8. __________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.A. The president will attendB. The president to attendC. The president attendedD. The president’s attending9. Did you hear the sound of _____________?A. the door’s being slammedB. the door’s slammingC. the door being slammedD. the door slamming10. With the dam built, we have greatly reduced the possibility of ________ down the river.A. flooded farmlandB. farmland’s floodC. farmland being floodedD. farmland flooding11. __________ as a dancer is her one regret.A. Jenny wasn’t trainedB.Jenny’s being not trainedC. Jenny’s not having been trainedD. Jenny not to have been trained12.Dr Frick designed a new method ________ contact lenses.A. of producingB. to be producingC. producingD. as to produce13. Mrs. Meyers received her greatest honor _________ into the Basketball Hall of Fame.A. acceptedB. by being acceptedC. to acceptD. having been accepted14. The auctioneer succeeded ________ a high price _____ two buyers to offer against each other.A. to get…encouragingB. in getting…by encouragingC. getting…while encouragingD. of cooking15. He appeared __________ in the dormitory when all the others went out playing.A. not to object being leftB. not to object to being leftC. that he didn’t object to be leftD. not objecting to leaving16. Even the most experienced climbers are afraid ________ the cliff as they are afraid _______.A. of climbing…of fallingB. to climb…. to fallC. to climb…of fallingD. of climbing….to fall17. While in Japan you must accustom yourself_____ raw fish.A. to eatB. to eatingC. as to eatingD. as to eat18. --- Would you rather ______ to Asia or Europe this summer?---Rather than ________ anywhere, why don’t we just stay home.A. to go….to goB. go … you goC. going…you wentD. go …going19. I don’t think it any use _______ them now. They are already on the way home.A. to telephoneB. by telephoningC. telephoningD. for telephoning20. This is such an important question that it is ____ over.A. worth being thoughtB. worth thinkingC. worthy to thinkD. worthy to be thinkingKey：1-5 CDCAC 6-10 BCDCC 11-15 CABBB 16-20 CBDCB。
非谓语动词非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。
一、不定式的定义及用法(to do)1.做主语动词不定式做主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，常用结构为：It + be + adj. (+for sb. / of sb) + to do sth.; It + takes/took + sb. + some time + to do sth1) It took us four hours to finish the work.2) It’s so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops.3) It is bad for us to become addicted to cigerattes.注意：形式主语结构中如果使用表示人的品质的形容词，如kind, nice, clever等时，应当使用of sb.的结构。
It is very nice of you to help me with the project.2.做宾语(1)有些动词后常跟不定式作宾语need to do sth需要做...decide to do sth决定做...agree to do sth赞同做...aim to do sth目的在于做...attempt to do sth试图做..tend to do sth倾向于做...pretend to do sth假装做...refuse to do sth拒绝做...expect to do sth期待做...还有determine, fail, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, promise, seem, hope, wish等等；I tend to set a goal for every subject at the beginning of each term.I have a top 10 reading list and I try to keep it updated.When I set out to do something, I do my best to achieve it.(2)有些复合结构中，可用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语——不定式后置句型结构为：主语+ make, find, feel, believe, consider, think + it +adj/n. + to do sth.I believe it useless to agree with him.I feel it my duty to help others.I consider it important to keep learning.I think it interesting to surf the Internet.(3)“疑问词（how，when，where，what，who）+不定式”结构作动词或介词的宾语Tom taught me how to play football.Have you decided where to have the meeting？I do not know what to do next.I do not know whom to ask about it.Will you please tell me which bus to take？I doubt whether to buy a new watch.“疑问词+不定式”结构常用作下列动词的宾语：advise，decide，discuss，explain，forget，know，learn，remember，show，teach，tell，wonder，doubt3.做宾语补足语(1)动词+ 宾语+ 带to的动词不定式有这种用法的动词有：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, drive, encourage, expect, forbid, force, hire, intend, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, teach, tell, want, warn等。
题型12 语法填空非谓语动词考点解读非谓语动词是语法填空的必考点，重点考查其在句中所充当的句子成分和其对应形式。
非谓语不能单独作谓语，但同时保留动词的某些特征。
没有人称和数的变化，但有时态、语态的变化，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。
判断技巧如果句中已经有谓语动词，且设空处与其不构成并列关系，则考虑设空处使用非谓语动词。
【典例1】with or if it’s something we develop based on our experiences.【答案】having【模板】根据判断依据“谓语动词前为主语，系动词后为表语”，可知从句中缺少主语。
【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：同上。
分析句子结构，空白处在以if为连接词的宾语从句中做主语，使用动名词，故填having。
【典例2】percent more bird species generated similar satisfaction to comparable increase in income.【答案】seeing【模板】根据判断依据“谓语动词前为主语，系动词后为表语”，可知宾语从句中缺少主语。
【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：一个有趣的发现是，看到多于10%的鸟类种类产生的满足感【典例1】（广东省佛山市南海区2023-2024学年高三测试题）Shandong is willing to work with Italianchapter in the cultural and tourism cooperation and exchanges between the two places, said a senior official from the Shandong Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism.【答案】to strengthen【模板】1.句中已经有谓语动词，且设空处与其不构成并列关系，则考虑设空处使用非谓语动词。
第二讲非谓语动词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.For the whole afternoon they sang and danced happily without think about their schoolwork.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】without为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
故将think改为thinking。
2.Having something to do on the train,I couldn't help think about the scene of leaving and felt terribly sorry.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】couldn't help doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“情不自禁做某事”，故将think改为thinking。
3.With my eyes filling with tears,I came into Mr. Li's office.【答案】.filling→filled【解析】此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，fill与宾语eyes之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补4.In regard to protect the environment,we have many things to do.【答案】.protect→protecting【解析】in regard to意为“关于……”，其中to是介词，其后接名词或动名词。
故将protect改为protecting5.Saw the 18 candles burning,I couldn't keep back my tears.【答案】.Saw→Seeing【解析】see在句中作状语，与主语之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
6.We finally realized it isn't easy to being a teacher .【答案】.being→be【解析】it is+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，it充当形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语，to后加动词原形7.I am interested in your culture and want know more about it.【答案】.在want后加to【解析】want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。
2021届高三英语二轮(新高考)复习专项导练：非谓语动词命题趋势非谓语动词是动词用法中最为复杂的部分之一，它不仅有时态的变化、语态的不同，同时还要注意它所表达的逻辑关系，这些都是非谓语动词用法的难点。
近年来，新高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出，所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有：现在分词和过去分词基础知识；现在分词和过去分词句法功能；现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和辨析；现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成；现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联系和纽带作用等。
另外，对于动词不定式主要考查一些固定搭配、固定句型和在句子中的句法功能；对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等。
考点清单一、非谓语动词作状语1.不定式作状语①表示原因（多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后），如：We were very excited to hear the news.①表示目的（可用so as to/in order to替换，但so as to一般不可置于句首），如：To get there on time I got up very early.①表示结果（常表出乎意料的结果，常为only to do），如：He rushed to school only to find there was nobody there.2.现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别（1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
如：Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.（2）过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
如：Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.（3）部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动关系，其前不用being。
这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：seated（坐着的）、hidden（躲着）、stationed（驻扎）、lost/absorbed in（沉溺于）、born in（出身于）、dressed in（穿着）、tired of（厌烦了）等。
第1章专题9非谓语动词1.(2011·全国卷，15)The island, ________ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A．joining B．to joinC．joined D．having joined答案：C。
句意：这个岛屿由一座桥和大陆相连，很容易到达。
join与the island之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用过去分词。
2．(2011·全国卷，18)Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______ nothing about the argument.A．says B．saidC．to say D．saying答案：D。
句意：萨拉假装很开心，对那次争论只字未提。
Sarah和say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词形式。
3．(2011·重庆卷，29)More TV programs，according to government officials，will be produced ________ people's concern over food safety.A．to raise B．raisingC．to have raised D．having raised答案：A。
本题考查非谓语动词。
句意：根据政府官员的意见，为了提高人们对食品安全的关心意识，要制作更多的电视节目。
根据句子可知，此处用不定式表目的状语。
不定式的一般时态表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生或在谓语动词之后，而不定式的完成时态，表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。
根据语境A项正确。
4. (2011·重庆，33)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself________ of his own dreams.A. remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. remind答案：C。
第二讲非谓语动词1．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.2．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)My ambassadorial duties will include (introduce) British v isitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.3．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)If you find something you love doing outside of the office，you'll be less likely (bring) your work home.4．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal (create) special designs.5．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots， (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.6．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough (cool)the house during the hot day.7．(2015·高考陕西卷短文改错)．..I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.8．(2014·高考陕西卷短文改错)One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue.9．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people (live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.10．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)A study of travelers(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.11．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.12．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without (use)electric equipment.13．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about (be)late for school.14．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused (stop)until we reached the next stop.15．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)It took years of work(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.答案：1.permitted 2.introducing 3.to bring 4.to create ing 6.to cool 7.just后加to 8.have→having9．living 10.conducted 11.built ing 13.being14．to stop 15.to reduce1．巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别(1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且正在进行，要想到用现在分词形式(doing)；(2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表完成，要想到用过去分词形式(done)；(3)若非谓语动词表将来的动作，作状语表示目的，在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等要想到用不定式形式(to do)。
疯狂专练二 非谓语动词单句填空 语法填空当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列，该动词就是非谓语动词。
此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。
如作主语或宾语，就用动名词 (表一般意义)或不定式形式(表具体意义)；作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，用不定式；作伴随状语或作定语，要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词或过去分词；有时也要根据句式搭配来确定，如see/hear/ notice sb.do/doing sth., spenddoing sth.等。
具体解题技巧如下： 第一步：若句中已有谓语，也不是作并列谓语时，应为非谓语动词。
第二步：根据非谓语动词在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求，或某些词语的特殊要求，确定用哪种非谓语动词形式。
如作目的状语一般用不定式形式，作主语或宾语用ing 形式或不定式，在enjoy, finish 等动词后作宾语用ing 形式，在decide, refuse 等动词后作宾语要用不定式形式等等。
第三步：确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动还是被动关系。
第四步：根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后关系确定用一般式还是用完成式。
1.【2022·全国 II 卷】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ______ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week.2.【2022·全国 II 卷】When we got a call ______ (say)she was short-listed ，we thought it was a joke.3.【2022·全国 I 卷】Scientists have responded by ______ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements.4.【2022·全国 I 卷改编】Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area.5.【2022·浙江卷】When the children are walking or ______ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.6. 【2022·浙江卷】But some students didn't want ______ (wear) the uniform.7. 【2022·全国I I 卷】The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ______ (improve) water quality.8.【2022·全国III 卷】Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _______ (stay) and watch.9. 【2022·全国I 卷】You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die) early by running.10.【2022·全国I 卷】You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit. 11.But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term(rest).12. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.13. He went to the cinema, leaving me _________(do) all the rest of the work.14. The old museum needs ____________ (repair)badly, and it is dangerous to visit it at present.15. _________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.16.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially _________(design) to help them succeed academically and personally.17. The little boy stared at the strange man questioningly, not ________ (know) whether to believe what he had said.18. Failing(turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. 19.It tells a(touch) story that highlights Chinese families.20.Shoppers at the Costcutter store at Brunel University in London can pay for items(use) the special vein(静脉) pattern in their fingertipspassage1 At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years to the use of animal bones and shells on which symbols1(carve) by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi.By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols 2(become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms ，as it was a time when people were divided geographically,3(lead) 技巧点拨常考考点小题狂练 直击考题to many varieties of dialects characters. This, 4 ,changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuangof the Qin Dynasty.Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one 5(unite) country where the Chinese writingsystem began to develop in one direction. That writing system was 6great importance in uniting the Chinesepeople and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or7dialect they speak, they can allstill communicate8(easy) in writing.Written Chinese has also become an important means by 9China’s present is connected with its past.People in modem times can read the classic 10(work) which were written by Chinese in ancient times. Thehigh regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an artform, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture.passage2【河南省南阳市一中2022高三上学期第四次月考英语试题】China has once again proved its ___1___ (able) to change the world with the “new four great inventions”:high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. They’re related to China’shigh-tech innovation (创新), ___2___ has impro ved the quality of people’s lives, according to asurvey___3___ (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,”said ___4___university student, adding that “even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”.The bikes___5___ (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing___6___ (base) on satellitenavigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies.China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amounts of capital China has investedin___7___ (encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China.It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is especiallytrue in mobile, where China is leading ___8___many ways such as…social messaging app WeChat, she said.This is partly ___9___China skipped over the PC era and went directly to mobile. China has a ___10__ (large)mobile use than any other country in the world.passage3【2022山东师范大学附中高考模拟卷】Chinese might be heard when you take a ride on the street. ___1___ (turn) to the right, you see aSichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you see that Huawei smartphones are on sale. Butyou're not in China — you're in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see similar things in manyothercities. Chinese products have been going global.In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap but not reliable. Things ___2___(change) greatly, though. For example, Huawei,___3___is one of China's major smartphone ___4___ (make),overtook Apple in worldwide smartphone sales for the first time in the third quarter of 2022, only behindSamsung.Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions,Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. They're not___5___ (simple) made in China, ___6___designed in thecountry.Western countries have been enjoying Chinese food for a long time. Chinese restaurants have made somechanges to the dishes___7___ (meet) local people's tastes.With its rapid___8___ (grow), China has been displaying9increasingly great influence when fittingin___10___the world.1.【答案】being【解析】考查非谓语动词。
（英语）高考英语二轮复习专项训练非谓语动词含解析一、单项选择非谓语动词1．________ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.A．Understanding B．To be understoodC．Being understood D．Having understood【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。
不定式（短语）或动名词（短语）均可作主语，区别在于不定式常表示将来，是特指；而动名词表示一般情况，是泛指。
而本句指的是普遍现象，属泛指，故用动名词较好。
故选A。
2．______ to as much English as possible is a good way to learn English well.A．Exposed B．Being exposed C．Having exposed D．To expose【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：尽可能多的接触英语是学好英语的很好的办法。
这里is是谓语，前面是主语，应该用动名词，而且be exposed to“暴露于，接触”，所以选B。
考点：考查动名词做主语3．Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the libraryA．to borrow B．borrowed C．to be borrowed D．borrowing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意：怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。
分析句子可知，这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps，因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗，所以用过去分词做定语，故选B。
2012届高考英语二轮专题复习精品语法部分之非谓语动词梳理通过对高考题单项填空题统计分析，发现近7年考查非谓语动词用法的题目260多题。
通过梳理高考考点并结合教学实际，笔者总结为10个考点，涉及非谓语动词的语法功能、时态和语态及否定用法、非谓语动词的特殊用法三个方面。
非谓语动词是动词的非谓语形式,包括动词不定式、动词的ing形式和动词的ed形式。
它不受人称和数的限制，但有时态和语态的变化，主动被动之分。
在选择时，要注意逻辑上的一致原则，即：非谓语动词的主语和主句句子的主语是否一致。
如不一致则需要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语构成独立结构。
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”。
他没有人称和数的变化，在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
动词的ed形式，可以在句中做表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语。
动词的ing形式，可以在句中做主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语。
考点一、非谓语动词作定语动词的ed形式作定语【高考衔接】Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title ____ to ordinary pe ople their contributions to environmental protection.A. being givenB. is givenC. givenD. was given解析：动词give与所修饰词title之间关系是被动关系，所以用过去分词做定语，选C。
小结：动词的ed形式作定语时，通常与先行词之间是被动关系，表示已完成的动作。
动词的ing形式作定语【高考衔接】The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket__________ the desert. A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover解析：cover与a soft orange blanket之间关系是主动进行关系，所以选A。
【高考】英语二轮复习第1部分提升语法运用第2讲非谓语动词---炳辉书店---1．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.2．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)My ambassadorial duties will include (introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.3．(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)If you find something you love doing outside of the office，you'll be less likely (bring) your work home.4．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal (create) special designs.5．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots， (use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.6．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough (cool)the house during the hot day.7．(2015·高考陕西卷短文改错)．..I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.8．(2014·高考陕西卷短文改错)One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue.9．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people (live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.10．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)A study of travelers(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.11．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.12．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without (use)electric equipment.13．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about (be)late for school.14．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused (stop)until we reached the next stop.15．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)It took years of work(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.答案：1.permitted 2.introducing 3.to bring 4.to create ing 6.to cool 7.just后加to 8.have→having9．living 10.conducted 11.built ing 13.being14．to stop 15.to reduce1．巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别(1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且正在进行，要想到用现在分词形式(doing)；(2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，且表完成，要想到用过去分词形式(done)；(3)若非谓语动词表将来的动作，作状语表示目的，在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等要想到用不定式形式(to do)。
2．掌握非谓语动词的句型公式(1)tell/order/persuade/invite/force/warn/encourage/get/ask＋sb.to do sth.；(2)“吾看三室两厅一感觉”——五看(look at，see，watch，notice，observe)；三使(make，let，have)；二听(listen to，hear)；一感觉(feel)＋sb.＋do sth.；(3)It's＋名词＋to do sth.；(4)It's＋形容词＋(for/of sb.)＋to do sth.；(5)It's no good/use/pleasure doing sth.；(6)It takes sb.＋some time＋to do sth.；(7)find/think/believe/consider＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.。
3．牢记用动名词或不定式作宾语的动词(1)习惯上接动词ing形式作宾语的动词或动词短语主要有：admit，advise，allow，avoid，consider，dislike，enjoy，finish，forbid，imagine，keep，mind，practice，recommend，risk，suggest，give up等；(2)习惯上接不定式作宾语的动词或动词短语主要有：afford，agree，beg，choose，decide，demand，determine，expect，hope，manage，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，used to do等。
混淆动词ing形式和ed形式动词ing形式和ed形式均可用于名词前作定语，但有区别：动词ing形式表示事物给人的某种感觉，是指令人感到如何；动词ed形式表示人对事物的感觉，是指人感到如何。
动词ed形式除用于说明人的感觉外，也可用于修饰voice，look，expression，appearance，manner，smile，belief，disbelief等，用以表示该名词逻辑主语的感觉。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The clubs in Argentina couldn't help him，but the famous Barcelona club in Spain offered (accept)Messi on thejunior team and pay for the bills.2．(2016·山东济南模拟)One day when Laennec was walking in the park，he saw some girls (play)with a seesaw(跷跷板)．3．(2016·山东潍坊模拟)One day，he lost a small bag (contain)50 gold coins.4．(2016·山东济南模拟)A US TV show (call)A walk in Your Shoes gives people the chance to try.5．(2016·山东济南模拟)In last week's show，an eighthgrade student Schylar dreamed of (run)the school，so he becamethe headmaster for a day and the headmaster became an eighth grader again!6．(2016·山东潍坊模拟)Mr.Cook said th e highend model，the one (make)of 18karat gold，is worth thousands of dollars.7．One problem with Apple Watch is that you need an iPhone on your body，or nearby， (get)this watch to functionfully.Like a phone，it also needs to be charged each night.8．(2016·江西南昌调研)They were so crunchy and Crum was sure that the man would refuse (eat)them.Instead，the manloved them.He even asked for more.9．(2016·河南郑州高三诊断)Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels.This has increased the amount of salt in fresh water (use)on coastal farms.10．I had noticed three hens (run)free in my hostess' courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish onmy table.11．We tried our best (climb)out but then I saw that one of my children was (miss)．12．(2016·河南罗山高中模拟)Though they did all they could (help)them but times were tough for them.13．Mary will never forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day， (wear)sun glasses.14．And Joe，the owner of the bar below me，could always give me a little money to survive on in exchange for (do)afew odd jobs for him.15．In the United States，there were 222 people (report)to be billionaires in 2003.16．It is an activity (hold)by an American charity organization.17．(2016·河南洛阳第二次统考)Thus，good learning habits can help us gain great learning results，high scores and abundantknowledge (include)．18．(2016·河北衡水中学模拟)If you hand in your homework late，attach a note (explain)the reason for the delay.19．Messi started playing soccer at the age of 5 for a small soccer team (own)by his father.Even as a young boy，he did very well.20． (save)energy，we turn off the lights for Earth Hour on the last Saturday in March.答案：1.to accept 2.playing 3.containing 4.called 5．running 6.made 7.to get 8.to eat ed 10.running 11.to climb；missing 12.to help 13.wearing 14．doing 15.reported 16.held 17.included 18.explaining 19.owned 20.To save Ⅱ.单句改错1．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ)After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found his parents were missing.2．(2014·高考辽宁卷)It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside.3．(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.4．(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner，which might not be serveduntil 8 o'clock at night.5．Whatever happens，I’ll try my best to do all I can help you out of trouble.6．Comparing with the other proposals at the meeting，Jack's was more practical.7．Li Xiu is always leaving the room with the door unlocking.8．How exciting we were!9．In fact，I once won the first prize in the English speech competition hold in our school.10．That’s the reason why a sad film can contribute to comfort a sad person more than a pleasant one.答案：1.looks→looking 2.understanding→understand3．holding→hold 4.Have→Having 5.help→to help6．Comparing→Compared7.unlocking→unloc ked8．exciting→excited9.hold→fort→comfortingⅢ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
