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同轴馈电矩形微带天线设计发展背景以同轴馈电矩形微带天线设计发展背景为标题随着无线通信技术的飞速发展，天线设计也日益受到关注。
而同轴馈电矩形微带天线作为一种重要的天线结构，在无线通信领域应用广泛。
本文将从背景、设计原理和发展趋势三个方面，介绍同轴馈电矩形微带天线的设计发展。
一、背景天线作为无线通信系统中的关键部件，起到了信号的发射和接收的重要作用。
而同轴馈电矩形微带天线由于其小型化、易制造、低成本和良好的电磁性能等优点，逐渐成为无线通信领域中的研究热点。
其设计发展背景主要可以从以下几个方面进行说明。
1. 无线通信技术的快速发展：随着移动通信、卫星通信、雷达和无线传感器网络等应用的广泛推广，对天线的要求也越来越高。
在无线通信技术的快速发展背景下，研究人员对天线的设计和性能优化提出了更高的要求。
2. 微带天线的出现：微带天线作为一种新型的天线结构，具有小尺寸、低剖面高度和易制造的优点，逐渐受到研究人员的关注。
而同轴馈电矩形微带天线作为一种常用的微带天线结构，其设计和性能优化成为研究的重点。
3. 馈电方式的改进：同轴馈电矩形微带天线通过同轴电缆进行馈电，相比传统的微带天线馈电方式，具有更好的电磁性能和更高的功率传输能力。
因此，同轴馈电矩形微带天线的设计和优化成为研究的热点。
二、设计原理同轴馈电矩形微带天线的设计原理主要包括以下几个方面。
1. 天线结构：同轴馈电矩形微带天线由一块金属片和一根同轴电缆组成。
金属片被刻蚀成矩形形状，并与同轴电缆的内导体相连接。
通过同轴电缆的馈电，实现天线的工作。
2. 馈电方式：同轴馈电矩形微带天线通过同轴电缆进行馈电，内导体与金属片相连接，外导体与地平面相连接。
同轴电缆的馈电方式可以实现天线的高效能量传输和较低的功率损耗。
3. 电磁性能优化：为了提高同轴馈电矩形微带天线的电磁性能，可以通过优化天线结构、调整天线尺寸和调节馈电位置等方式进行。
通过这些优化方法，可以实现天线的较低阻抗匹配、较高的辐射效率和较大的增益。
通信与信息处理Communication and Information Processing《自动化技术与应用》2020年第39卷第6期Techniques of Automation &Applications一种小型同轴馈电微带贴片天线设计常会清,彭玉峰,韩雪云,张毅（河南师范大学，河南新乡453007）摘要:现代通讯产品向小型化的趋势发展，对作为射频端的收发天线的尺寸也有了一定的要求，本文在一种基于同轴馈电的矩形微带天线的基础上，采用对天线贴片进行切口处理的方法，并通过天线仿真优化软件HFSS 设计了一款微带天线，该天线在频率6.90GHz 产生谐振，在谐振点上回波损耗值为-39.13dB,通过仿真分析，对应的10dB 回波损耗带宽为2.46%（6.82～6.99GHz），该天线尺寸为14mm×14mm×1.6mm，该天线结构简单，加工调试方便，且达到了小型化的要求，具有很好的应用前景。
关键词:同轴馈电；微带天线；回波损耗中图分类号：TN823文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-7241(2020)06-0072-03The Design of Microstrip Patch Antenna Based on Small Coaxial FeedCHANG Hui -qing,PENG Yu -feng,HAN Xue -yun,ZHANG Yi(Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007China )Abstract:Modern communication products are developing towards miniaturization,and there are certain requirements for the size ofthe transmitting and receiving antennas as the RF end.In this work,a rectangular microstrip antenna based on coaxial feed is proposed with the method of cutting antenna patch,is simulated and designed by HFSS which is a software for emulat-ing antennas.The antenna generates resonance at a frequency of 6.9GHz,The return loss value at the resonance point is -39.13dB,the bandwidth is 2.46%(6.82~6.99GHz)at return loss 10dB.The antenna size is only 14mm×14mm×1.6mm,The structure of the antenna is simple ，miniaturization can be achieved and easily debugged with low cost and widely used.Key words:coaxial feed;microstrip antenna;return loss收稿日期:2019-08-071引言天线是无线通信中的核心部件之一，天线的性能直接决定着通信终端能否与外界建立起正常的通讯[1]，现代电路要求天线具有小型化，一类是基于Sierpinski 结构分形[2-4]的小型化贴片天线、Giuseppe Peano 几何分型[5-7]小型化天线使相对频带有所增加；另一类是加载电阻、电容和电感等元件[8-9]，或是加载接地针[10]来改变天线的表面电流的分布情况，实现天线的小型化。
I.J. Wireless and Microwave Technologies, 2016, 3, 50-60Published Online May 2016 in MECS()DOI: 10.5815/ijwmt.2016.03.06Available online at /ijwmtA Linearly Polarized Coaxial Feeding Dual Band Circular MicrostripPatch Antenna for WLAN ApplicationsSheikh Dobir Hossain a*, K. M. Abdus Sobahan b, Md. Khalid Hossain c, Md. Khalid HossainJewel d, Rebeka Sultana e, Md. Al Amin fa Dept. of Physics, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladeshb,d Dept. of Applied Physics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Islamic University, Bangladeshc Institute of Electronics, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladeshe Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japanf Dept. of CSE, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, BangladeshAbstractA dual band linearly polarized micro-strip antenna is designed and simulated to obtain electronic circuit miniaturization of an antenna in high speed wireless local area networks (IEEE 802.11a standard). The proposed antenna contains a substrate layer (FR-4 lossy) with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and there is a circular patch on the upper layer of the substrate. The coaxial probe feed is used to excite the desired antenna which reduces the spurious radiation and hence obtained good efficiency. It is shown that using cavity model 20% excess bandwidth can be achieved while maintaining the lower size of the antenna. An …E‟ shaped slot is introduced in the radiating patch to obtain dual band resonance frequency with maximum current distribution on the surface. Finally the simulated results using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio 2009 in this design is compared with manual computation results which are found to be suitable for WLAN applications.Index Terms: Micro-strip antenna; Cavity model; Dual band antenna; Coaxial probe feed.© 2016 Published by MECS Publisher. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the Research Association of Modern Education and Computer Science1.IntroductionThe importance of electronic circuit miniaturization in wireless communication systems has increased rapidly due to their portability and easy of handling. In last decades the information and communication fields becomes popular because of availability of these tiny sized electronics devices and the capability of *Corresponding authorE-mail address: dobir.aece@maintaining high performance. So the investigation on microstrip antenna is become a popular topic for new researchers because of light weight, low cost, planar or conformal layout, and ability of integration with electronic or signal processing circuitry[1]-[2]. Also there is versatility in terms of operating frequency, polarization pattern and impedance in application of microstrip antenna such as in aircraft, missiles (radar, proximity fuses and telemetry), satellite communications, remote sensing and biomedical applicators.There are several types of microstrip antenna have been introduced and investigated and there observed some operational disadvantages which are narrow frequency bandwidth, larger value of Q, poor polarization purity and low efficiency [3]. But in some applications the microstrip patch antenna is the first choice where narrow frequency bandwidth with lower antenna size are desirable. Besides the use of thick dielectric substrate allow the good efficiency and large frequency band in a microstrip patch antenna [4]-[5]. Recently the coaxial probe feed method with staking and cavity model has become popular, because it reduces the value of surface wave while maintaining the lower size and larger bandwidth of the desired antenna. It has also observed that the use of E-shape slot on the patch reduces the size of the antenna by comparing it without slot [6]-[9]. .In this research work it is desired to obtain a simple dual band, new single-fed antenna configuration for linear polarization without a polarizer while retaining their lower size, good efficiency and also cost effective. To obtain our desired dual band antenna firstly we have simulated single band microstrip antenna (MSA) also we have studied the effects of physical parameters on output and then it extend to dual band MSA. The simulated results of return loss, smith chart, radiation pattern, directivity, gain, and efficiency of the desired dual band antenna are demonstrated in section 4.Fig.1. Geometry of dual band microstrip patch antenna2.Antenna ConfigurationThe desired dual band linear polarized microstrip antenna which resonances at the frequency of 2.76GHz and 5.9GHz is shown in fig.1. One of the most popular circular patches is designed on the upper layer of substrate. It shows good output characteristics for single element. According to cavity model formulation by assigning some presumed specified information likes the resonant frequency (f r), height of the substrate and the dielectric constant of the substrate (εr) the equations of our designed antenna are shown in this section [10]. The effective radius of the circular patch at a resonant frequency (f r) for the dominant mode TM110 with counting fringing can be obtained using equation 1(1)√Here, the lowest order mode TM110, uses X11(1.84118)Then the actual radius will be(2)√ ()3.Antenna Designed SpecificationsThe various parameters of the designed dual band circular microstrip antenna are shown table 1.Table 1. The value of different parameters of dual-band rectangular microstrip antennaVariable ValueRadius of the patch(a) 26 mmHeight of the patch(h) .07mmEffective dielectric constant of the patch( ɛeff) 4.9Width of small slots(w) 1 mmLength of small slots(l) 2 mmWidth of large slot(W) 1 mmLength of large slot(L) 7 mm4.Simulation ResultsAntennas were designed and tested to verify the circularly polarizing operation of the proposed configuration. The different simulated results (using the CST microwave stdio2009) like return loss, Smith chart, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), directivity and gain are discussed below.Fig.2. Simulated return losses of dual band MSA at 2.76 GHz and 5.96 GHz4.1Return Loss, Smith chart, VSWRIn antenna the return loss (RL) is a parameter which indicates how the impedance matching has occurred in between transmitter an antenna. For the case of good impedance matching the power losses become minimum and the antenna becomes more efficient. The proper impedance matching is obtained through the properselection of the input feed point. The return loss of the designed dual band microstrip patch antenna is shown in fig.2. It is seen that the return loss, -27.665 dB is found at a resonant frequency of 2.76 GHz and that of -34.141dB is found at a resonant frequency of 5.96 GHz, where -10dB is acceptable for practical applications. The bandwidths are found 120 MHz at the resonant frequency of 2.76 GHz and 200 MHz at the resonant frequency of 5.96 GHz, in which 84 MHz is acceptable bandwidth [11].Fig.3. shows the smith chart which is helpful to calculates the impedance of our designed antenna.The impedance of the designed antenna is founded 45 ohms which is close to acceptable value, 50 ohms. The smith chart shows two circles for two resonating frequencies. The circles pass through resistance 1 circle which proves that the antenna is perfectly matched and thus losses are minimum.The another important parameter for a microstrip antenna to obtain proper impedance matching is VSWR. Fig.4. shows the VSWR curve. It shows that the value of VSWR of our designed antenna is below 2 for the whole bandwidth where for a practical antenna the value of VSWR should be less than or equal to 2 is acceptable. So this parameters indicates that the designed antenna is operable in required frequency band.Fig.3. Smith chart of dual band MSA at 2.76 GHz and 5.96 GHz.(a)(b)Fig.4. The VSWR of dual band MSA at (a) 2.76 GHz; (b) 5.96 GH4.2Directivity and GainThe directivity of the designed dual band circular microstrip antenna in both 2D and 3D pattern are shown in fig.5. and fig.6. and the gain in fig.7. and fig.8. respectively. From the fig.5. it is clear that the directivity is 9.037dB at the resonant frequency of 2.76 GHz and that of 5.96 GHz frequency is 7.992dB which agree well with the previous results. From 2D pattern it also clear that the main lobe magnitudes are found at the angle of 3.0 deg and 25.0 deg with positive Z direction at the resonant frequency of 2.76 GHz and 5.96 GHz respectively. So it proves that the designed dual band antenna is a high directional antenna [11]-[13].From fig.7. and fig.8. the gains of the dual band antenna are 7.819 dB and 7.878 dB found at these two resonance frequencies respectively. Since the designed antenna is a high directional antenna so the gain of the antenna is high at a specific direction. From 2D pattern it is also clear that the main lobe magnitudes of gain are 7.8 dB and 5.6 dB are found at the angle of 3.0 deg and 25.0 deg with positive Z direction at 2.45 GHz and 4.1 GHz frequencies respectively and these are suitable values for practical applications.(a)(b)Fig.5. Directivity of dual band MSA at 2.76 GHz (a) 2D pattern; (b) 3D pattern(a)(b)Fig.6. Directivity of dual band MSA at 5.96 GHz (a) 2D pattern; (b) 3D pattern(a)(b)Fig.7. Gain of dual band MSA at 2.76 GHz (a) 2D pattern; (b) 3D pattern(a)(b)Fig.8. Gain of dual band MSA at 5.96 GHz (a) 2D pattern; (b) 3D pattern5.Summary of the resultsThe results of the dual band antenna operating at 2.76 GHz and 5.96GHz are summarized in table 2.Table 2. Output parameters of the dual band antenna resonating at 2.76 GHz and 5.96 GHz frequenciesResonating frequency, fr (GHz) Return Loss(dB) Bandwidth(MHz)VSWR Directivity(dBi)Gain(dB)2.76 -27.665 120 1.08 9.037 7.8195.96 -34.141 200 1.05 7.992 7.878From the above table it is clear that the desired microstrip antenna provides good impedance matching at two resonance frequencies of 2.76 GHz and 5.96 GHz with return losses of -27.665 dB and -34.141 dB respectively. So it is a dual band antenna with high directivities of 9.037 dB and 7.992 dB at these two resonance frequencies respectively. Also the higher value of gains of our designed antenna has achieved because of high directivity of the antenna.6.Physical Parametric Study of Dual Band AntennaThe effect of radius of the circular patch on the performance of the designed microstrip antenna is shown in fig.9. From figure it is seen that with the decreasing value of radius of the radiating patch the resonating frequency increases. At the same time there is changing the return loss with the changing value of radius of the patch. Thus it is a very important tools for determining the actual dimensions of designed circular microstrip patch antenna. Also this study is very helpful to obtain good impedance matching.Fig.9. Variations of S parameter with respect to the radius of the patch7.ConclusionsThe work in this research was primarily focused on the design and simulation of simple, small and high efficiency dual band circular microstrip patch antennas using coaxial feeding technique. Then from thesimulation results the multiband microstrip antenna has designed. The designed rectangular antenna covers two frequencies of 2.76 GHz and 5.96 GHz which produces the bandwidth of approximately 3% while maintaining their lower size and good efficiency. And also it has shown that the designed antenna provides good impedance matching of approximately 50 ohm‟s at resonant frequencies. Due to easy of fabrication with coaxial feeding line it can be used for various applications such as in military purposes, radio altimeters and various wireless devices.AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank all concerned with the AECE department for their all-out effort to support us for completing this research.References[1]Neha Parmar et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue1(Version 1), pp. 168-171, January 2014.[2]Neha Parmar et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications ISSN: 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue1(Version 1), pp. 168-171, January 2014.[3]Garg, R., Bhartia, P. and Ittipiboon, A., “Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook, Boston Artech, House”,2001.[4] C. M. Krowne, “Cylindrical-Rectangular Microstrip Antenna”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.,Vol.AP31, No. 1, pp. 194–199, January 1983.[5]I. Lier and K. R. Jakobsen, “Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antennas with Infinite and Finite Ground-PlaneDimensions”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol.AP-31, No. 6, pp. 978–984, November 1983.[6]S. A. Long and M. D. Walton, “A Dual-Frequency Stacked Circular-Disc Antenna”, IEEE Trans.Antennas Propagat., Vol. AP-27, No. 2, pp. 270–273, March 1979.[7]J. T. Aberle and F. Zavosh, “Analysis of Probe-Fed Circular Microstrip Patches Backed by CircularCavities”, Electromagnet ics, Vol. 14, pp. 239–258, 1994.[8] A. Henderson, J. R. James, and C. M. Hall, “Bandwidth Extension Techniques in Printed ConformalAntennas”, Military Microwaves, Vol. MM-86, pp. 329–334, 1986.[9]H. F. Pues and A. R. Van de Capelle, “An Impedance Matching Tec hnique for Increasing the Bandwidthof Microstrip Antennas”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. AP-37, No. 11, pp. 1345–1354, November 1989.[10]Constantine A. Balanis, “Antenna Theory - Analysis and Design”, Third Edition.[11]R.J. Lin, M. Ye, “A Novel Dual-Ba nd Microstrip Antenna for WLAN Application,” Wireless Mobile andComputing (CCWMC) IET International Communication Conference, Shanghai, China, pp.269-271, December 2009.[12]Kuang Fuqiang, Shen Dongya, Xu Jie, Shuai Xinfang, Ren Wenping, “A triple-band Microstrip Antennafor WLAN Applications,” International Conference on Communications and Mobile Computing, Shenzhen , pp. 68-71, 2010.[13]Amit A. Deshmukh, M. Parulekar, S. Kadam and Ameya Kadam, “Broadband Proximity Fed Modified E-Shaped Microstrip Antenna,” National Conference on Communications (NCC), Bangalore, pp.1-5, 2011.Authors’ ProfilesMr. Sheikh Dobir Hossain is working as a Lecturer in the dept. of Physics at JessoreUniversity of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh. He holds the degree ofB.Sc & M.Sc in Applied Physics, Electronics & Communication Engineering from IslamicUniversity, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh. The fields of his research interest are wireless antennadesign, wireless communication, and material science.Mr. K. M. Abdus Sobahan received his PhD degree from the Inha University, South Korea.He received his Bachelor‟s and Master‟s degree from the dept. of Applied Physics &ElectronicsUniversity of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh. Currently he is working as aprofessor in the dept. of Applied Physics, Electronics & Communication Engineering ofIslamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh.Mr. Md. Khalid Hossain has received the B.Sc (Hons) and M.Sc degree in Applied Physics,Electronics & Communication Engineering of Islamic University, Kushtia-7003. Currently heis working as a Scientific Officer in the Institute of Electronics, AERE, Bangladesh AtomicEnergy Commission, Savar, Dhaka-1349, Bangladesh. His current interest are material science,nano-materials, dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), micro & nanofabrication, biosensor, RFMEMS, wireless antenna design. His work has produced 06 peer-reviewed scientificinternational journal papers.Mr. Mr. Md. Khalid Hossain Jewel received his Bachelor‟s and Master‟s degree from thedept. of Applied Physics, Electronics & Communication Engineering of Islamic University,Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh in 2004 and 2005 respectively. Currently he is working as anassistant professor in the same department .His research interest includes Ad-hoc wirelesscommunication, cellular mobile communication and optical fiber communication.Ms. Rebeka Sultana has been received B.Sc (Eng.) degree in Computer Science &Engineering (CSE) from University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh. Currently she isa MS student of the Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering (EEE), ShizuokaUniversity, Japan. Her current research interest are computer vision, pattern recognition, imageprocessing, artificial intelligence, signal processing, digital image processing, automaticcontrol, wireless antenna design and wireless communication.60 A Linear Polarized Coaxial Feeding Dual Band Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN ApplicationsMr. Md. Al Amin has completed B.Sc and M.Sc in Computer Science and Engineering fromIslamic University, Kushtia, Bangaldesh. Currently he is working as a lecturer, Dept. of CSEat Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh. His researchinterest fields are Next generation Wireless Communication, Wireless Antenna Design,Information Security and Network Security.How to cite this paper: Sheikh Dobir Hossain, K. M. Abdus Sobahan, Md. Khalid Hossain, Md. Khalid Hossain Jewel, Rebeka Sultana, Md. Al Amin,"A Linear Polarized Coaxial Feeding Dual Band Circular Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN Applications",International Journal of Wireless and Microwave Technologies(IJWMT), Vol.6, No.3, pp.50-60, 2016.DOI: 10.5815/ijwmt.2016.03.06。
同轴馈电矩形微带天线设计发展背景同轴馈电矩形微带天线是一种用于无线通信系统和雷达系统的常见天线设计。
它的发展背景始于对于天线性能和尺寸的需求以及对于馈电方式的改进。
本文将探讨同轴馈电矩形微带天线的设计发展背景，并介绍其在通信领域中的应用。
天线作为无线通信系统中的重要组成部分，其性能直接影响到系统的传输质量和覆盖范围。
一直以来，人们对天线性能的要求越来越高，尤其是在现代通信系统中，需要实现更高的传输速率和更广的覆盖范围。
而天线的尺寸也成为了一个重要的限制因素，因为大尺寸的天线难以安装和隐藏。
在过去，常见的天线设计采用的是同轴馈线的方式，其中馈线通过天线的中心点连接到辐射器。
然而，这种设计存在着一些问题。
首先，同轴馈线会占用一定的空间，增加了天线的尺寸。
其次，同轴馈线的电流分布不均匀，导致辐射效率低下。
此外，同轴馈线还会引起辐射副瓣的产生，影响通信系统的性能。
为了解决这些问题，研究人员开始探索新的馈电方式，并提出了矩形微带天线的设计概念。
矩形微带天线采用了微带线作为馈线，将其连接到辐射器的边缘。
这种设计不仅解决了同轴馈线的尺寸问题，还提高了辐射效率，并减少了辐射副瓣的产生。
矩形微带天线的设计发展经历了多个阶段。
最早的矩形微带天线设计是基于理论计算和仿真模拟的结果。
研究人员通过数值方法计算了天线的辐射特性，并进行了优化设计。
然而，由于计算模型的复杂性和计算资源的限制，这种设计方法在实际应用中存在一定的局限性。
随着计算机技术的发展，研究人员开始使用计算机辅助设计（CAD）工具来设计矩形微带天线。
CAD工具可以提供更准确和可靠的设计结果，并减少设计时间和成本。
研究人员可以在CAD工具中建立天线的几何模型，并通过仿真分析来评估其性能。
这种设计方法可以更好地满足实际应用的需求，并在天线设计领域得到广泛应用。
除了设计方法的改进，研究人员还对矩形微带天线的结构和材料进行了优化。
他们通过改变天线的几何形状、增加天线的辐射面积以及使用新的材料来提高天线的性能。
![毕业设计(论文)-一种新型微带贴片天线的优化设计[管理资料]](https://img.taocdn.com/s1/m/cfa9e14bfd0a79563d1e725f.png)
泉州师范学院毕业论文（设计）题目一种新型微带贴片天线的优化设计物理信息工程学院电子信息科学与技术专业 07 级 1班学生姓名学号 070303041指导教师职称副教授完成日期 2011年4月教务处制一种新型微带贴片天线的优化设计物理信息工程学院电子信息科学与技术专业指导教师：副教授【摘要】：由于普通微带贴片天线效率低，为了提高贴片天线的效率，提出一种容易制作的新型微带贴片天线。
用HFSS 软件对它进行仿真，并对仿真的结果进行分析。
与普通贴片天线进行比较，该天线提高了增益、降低了天线回波损耗。
所提天线由于制作简单、性能优良，所以具有一定的实用价值。
【关键词】：微带贴片天线；HFSS；增益；回波损耗目录摘要 (1)0. 引言 (3)1. 微带天线的发展 ................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
(5)................................................................................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
(4) (4) (4) (4)2. HFSS仿真软件 (5)HFSS仿真软件基本功能 (5) (5)3. 方案设计 (6)4. 普通微带贴片天线设计过程 (6)5. 正方形环缝的微带贴片天线设计过程 (7)6. 圆形环缝的微带贴片天线设计过程 ................................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
同轴馈电矩形微带天线设计发展背景同轴馈电矩形微带天线是一种广泛应用于通信领域的天线设计。
它具有体积小、重量轻、制作简单等优点，因此在无线通信技术的发展中得到了广泛应用。
在传统的天线设计中，常使用同轴馈线来进行天线的馈电。
然而，随着通信技术的不断进步，人们对天线的性能要求也越来越高。
为了提高天线的性能，研究者们开始探索新的设计思路。
其中一种重要的设计思路就是采用矩形微带天线。
矩形微带天线是一种基于微带线技术的微小尺寸天线。
与传统的同轴馈线相比，矩形微带天线的尺寸更小，可以方便地集成到各种设备中。
同时，矩形微带天线的制作也相对简单，成本较低。
因此，矩形微带天线成为了天线设计领域的研究热点之一。
在矩形微带天线的设计中，馈电方式起着至关重要的作用。
传统的馈电方式是通过同轴馈线将信号传输到天线上。
然而，同轴馈线存在着传输损耗大、制作复杂等问题。
为了解决这些问题，研究者们开始尝试将同轴馈线替换为其他形式的馈电方式。
其中一种常见的馈电方式是同轴馈电。
同轴馈电矩形微带天线的馈电方式与传统的同轴馈线有所不同。
它通过在天线的底面和顶面之间制作一条金属线来实现馈电。
这种馈电方式不仅可以减小传输损耗，还可以方便地进行天线的调整和优化。
同轴馈电矩形微带天线的设计发展经历了多个阶段。
最初，人们主要关注天线的基本性能参数，如频率带宽、增益等。
随着研究的深入，人们开始关注天线的多频段工作和天线的小型化设计。
为了实现这些目标，研究者们提出了一系列新的设计方法和结构。
例如，通过调整天线的结构参数和材料参数，可以实现天线的宽频工作。
同时，研究者们还尝试将多个天线进行集成，以实现天线的多频段工作。
这种多频段设计方法为无线通信设备的设计提供了更多的选择。
研究者们还致力于将同轴馈电矩形微带天线应用于新的领域。
例如，通过将天线与其他传感器结合，可以实现无线传感器网络的建立。
这种无线传感器网络可以广泛应用于环境监测、智能交通等领域，为人们的生活带来了便利。
一种新型微带贴片微波整流天线设计杨弋斓;刘长军【摘要】在微波无线能量传输系统中,整流天线广泛应用.为了解决整流天线中小型化的问题,对整流天线结构进行研究,提出一种新型整流天线设计.通过将天线和整流二极管阻抗直接共轭匹配进行设计,简化整流天线结构.该新型整流天线设计方法应用于2.45 GHz微带贴片微波整流天线中,用1 mm厚的F4B-2介质板设计和加工,设计出新型微带贴片整流天线,尺寸为70 mm×70 mm.实验结果显示,新型微带贴片整流天线最高整流效率为69.3%.新型整流天线相比传统整流天线具低剖面、轻重量、结构简化、低成本、容易加工和高射频-直流转换效率等优势,证明了该设计的有效性.%Rectennas are widely applied to wireless microwave power transmission systems.In order to realize the miniaturization of rectennas, the structures of rectennas were researched in this paper.This paper presented the design of a novel rectenna, in which the antenna impedance matches to the rectifying diode conjugation impedance directly.The impedances of antenna and rectifying diode were conjugate matched directly.The novel design method simplify the rectenna design.It is applied to a patch rectenna at 2.45 GHz.The novel patch rectenna was designed and fabricated on a 1 mm thick F4B-2 substrate with the physical dimension of 70 mm×70 mm.The highest measured MW-to-DC conversion efficiency at 2.45 GHz reached 69.3% in the experiment.The conclusion is that the novel rectenna has the advantages of low profile, light weight, structure simplification, low cost, and easy fabrication.Experiments prove the validity of the proposed design method.【期刊名称】《应用科技》【年(卷),期】2017(044)004【总页数】4页(P60-63)【关键词】微波;无线能量传输;整流天线;贴片天线;整流二极管;阻抗;共轭匹配;整流效率【作者】杨弋斓;刘长军【作者单位】四川大学电子信息学院,四川成都 610064;四川大学电子信息学院,四川成都 610064【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TN455微波无线能量传输(microwave wireless power transmission, MPT)是新能源领域的一个重要方向，吸引很多研究者的关注[1-4]。
一种高增益扇形微带贴片天线的设计张睿涵;卢俊【期刊名称】《长春理工大学学报（自然科学版）》【年(卷),期】2017(040)002【摘要】贴片形状是影响微带贴片天线性能的主要因素,通过仿真设计了一种高增益扇形微带贴片天线.扇形微带贴片天线采用同轴馈电方式,通过有限元法对扇形微带贴片天线在不同参数下的性能进行对比研究.仿真结果表明:扇形微带贴片天线的谐振频率、回波损耗等性能参数符合设计要求,天线的回波损耗小于-10dB.通过对比扇形微带贴片天线在不同尺寸下得到的天线增益,可以得出结论扇形微带贴片天线最高增益为9.17dB,比普通微带贴片天线的增益高了约4dB.%A high gain fan-shaped microstrip patch antenn is designed by simulation with considering the main factor which the patch shape affect the performance of microstrip patch antenna. The coaxial feed way is adopted in fan-shaped microstrip patch antenna through the finite element method under different parameters in a fan-shaped microstrip patch antenna performance. The experimental results show that the fan-shaped microstrip patch antenna,the resonant frequen-cy return loss and other performance parameters all meet the design requirements and return loss is less than 10dB of antenna. By comparing the fan-shaped microstrip patch antenna under different size of antenna gain,it can be conclud-ed that the maximum gain of the fan-shaped microstrip patch antenna is9.17dB and taller than the conventional mi-crostrip patch antenna gain about 4dB.【总页数】3页(P21-23)【作者】张睿涵;卢俊【作者单位】长春理工大学理学院,长春 130022;长春理工大学理学院,长春130022【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TN820.1【相关文献】1.一种基于LTE的新型小型化加载开槽微带贴片天线设计 [J], 张梅;刘基姣;冯立波2.一种简易差分微带贴片天线的设计 [J], 杨俊秀;赵文来;李霖3.一种2.4GHz圆极化微带贴片天线的设计与实现 [J], 任丽红;王浩4.一种用于微波输能的宽带矩形微带贴片天线设计 [J], 王靖;朱家豪5.一种小型同轴馈电微带贴片天线设计 [J], 常会清;彭玉峰;韩雪云;张毅因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
I.J. Wireless and Microwave Technologies, 2017, 6, 1-12Published Online November 2017 in MECS()DOI: 10.5815/ijwmt.2017.06.01Available online at /ijwmtDesign of Microstrip Trapezoidal Patch Antenna Using Coaxial Feeding Technique for Space ApplicationsDeepanshu Kaushal a, Shanmuganantham Thangavelu*a*Dept. of Electronics Engineering,Pondicherry University,Pondicherry-605014, IndiaReceived: 03 March 2017; Accepted: 06 August 2017; Published: 08 November 2017AbstractA microstrip trapezoidal patch antenna structure has been proposed to serve different space applications including the fixed satellite applications, mobile and radiolocation services. This structure utilizes a 0.787 mm thick RT Duroid (5880) substrate of relative permittivity 2.2 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.0009. A trapezium shaped patch has been formed on it. The patch is compact and has a novel geometry. The feeding technique employed is coaxial/probe feed. The parametric analysis done over HFSS-15 software to study the effects of the structural design over the behavior of antenna reveals the potentiality of the designed antenna to maintain a nearly constant gain upon the variation of several parameters individually. The use of parallel slots in the design offer a reduction in the size of the patch [5]. The performance of the antenna has been analyzed in terms of reflection coefficient, bandwidth and radiation pattern. The antenna yielded a simulated single band reflection coefficient of -22.5 dB and a peak gain of 4.7 dBi at 3.64 GHz and an impedance bandwidth of 10 MHz at -10 dB reflection coefficient. The fabricated design was tested over VNA for its reflection coefficient. The measured results have been included.Index Terms: High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS), Radio Frequency (RF).© 2017 Published by MECS Publisher. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of the Research Association of Modern Education and Computer Science1.IntroductionThe communication that was initiated by sound through voice witnessed the use of devices such as drums followed by the use of visual methods such as sign flags and smoke signals. These optical devices were, however, limited to the light portion of electromagnetic spectrum. Antennas, being one of the greatest natural resource of the mankind has been instrumental in harnessing the electromagnetic spectrum outside this visible * Corresponding author. Tel: +91 413 2654997E-mail address: shanmugananthamster@region. Microstrip patch antennas have proven out to be a breakthrough in the field of antenna technology and are attracting a wide research interest. Abbreviated normally as MPA, they find application in different mobile services which include the applications and utilities provided by service operators in order to enhance the mobile experience of its users. These mobile services usually differ on an operator basis and remain under a completely "separate license". In addition to various mobile services, the microstrip patch antennas can also be utilized for fixed satellite and radio location purpose. The microstrip patch antennas as in Fig. 1 consist of a radiating patch element over a grounded base separated by a dielectric substrate [1]. The growing trend of these microstrip patch antennas is mainly due to their low- profile structure, conformability to non- planar surfaces, simplicity, reduced cost, mechanical robustness, compatibility with MMIC designs and the versatility offered in terms of centre frequency, space orientation of fields, patterns and impedance [2].Fig.1. Microstrip Patch AntennaDifferent existing microstrip patch antenna designs have been studied. The ACS-fed compact antenna for UWB applications in [3] produced an average gain of 3.6 dBi. The peak gains realized in [4] in lower, middle and upper bands included 3.1 dBi, 4.52 dBi and 4.89 dBi respectively. In [5], a mono layered high gain microstrip antenna configuration was built with a reflection coefficient of -11 dB. The peak gain achieved by a compact asymmetrically-slotted microstrip patch antenna with circular polarization in [6] was 4 dBi. The reflection coefficient achieved in large gain multilayered antenna apt for wireless applications in [7] was -17 dB. The microstrip danger symbol shaped patch antenna proposed for fixed satellite applications in [8] achieved a reflection coefficient of -35.7 dB, peak gain of 1.6 dBi and a bandwidth of 12 MHz at 2.7 GHz. At another resonant frequency, i.e. 4.57 GHz, the design exhibited a reflection coefficient of -10.1 dB, gain of 4.9 dBi and a bandwidth of 4.61 MHz. The reconfigurable single band microstrip patch antenna for satellite applications using FR4 epoxy substrate in [9] achieved a peak gain of 3.7 dBi with a -22.8dB reflection coefficient. The microstrip patch antenna with annular-ring slot intended for ISM band applications in [10] had a peak gain of 1.86 dBi at 2.4 GHz. The patch antenna designed at 2.4 GHz for WLAN applications in [11] displayed a maxim gain of 4.6 dBi at 2.4 GHz. Also, the maxim gain achieved by X band conformal antenna using microstrip patch in [12] was 2.2. The reference antenna used in [13] displayed a peak gain of 4.6 dBi with a reflection coefficient of -23.5 dB while the proposed quad band antenna achieved a minimum reflection coefficient of -17.6 dB with a 4.6 dBi gain. The trapezoidal patch antenna design proposed in this paper has been built over a RT Duroid 5880 substrate and uses a coaxial feeding technique. The design offers a single band resonance at 3.64 GHz with a reflection coefficient of -22.5 dB and a peak gain of 4.7 dBi and is fit to serve the S band applications including the fixed satellite applications, mobile services and radio location. The use of coaxial feeding mechanism provides for flexibility in the choice of the feed location, easy fabricationand less spurious radiations [14]. The section 2 of the paper gives the description of the antenna design. The tabulated dimensions of the design have been added at the end of the section. In depth description of the parametric analysis and the results (reflection coefficient, bandwidth and radiation pattern) has been given in sections 3 and 4 respectively.2.Antenna DesignThe antennas that may be designed for different space applications are frequency dependent. Based on the intended application in the requisite band(s), the resonant frequency is chosen and other specifications are calculated using the design equations given in Table 1. Following this, the structure is designed and simulated using the simulation software. The structure is then fabricated and the parametric values of the fabricated prototype are validated over the measurement setup. The figure 2 depicts the methodology for the proposed work.Fig.2. Methodology [15]Table 1. Design EquationsFig.3. Coaxial feeding techniqueThe proposed design in Fig. 4 emphasizes mainly on the coaxial feeding and slotted patch techniques. Themetallic patch (purple) is supported by a grounded dielectric substrate. A reduction in the size of the patch (as stated in upcoming sections) has been achieved by incorporating pair of parallel slots [16].The trapezium shaped patch has been formed by subtracting triangles from the respective rectangles. An introduction of slots in the trapezoidal patch structure offers reduction of patch size. Also, a circular element has been added to the patch design. At first, the dimensions of the antenna have been specified using the following tabulated equations [17].Fig.4. Proposed DesignThe patch has been fed by a cylindrical probe that extends to it from the ground. The coaxial feeding technique that has been used employs an inner conductor extending through the dielectric and soldered to the radiating patch while the outer conductor remaining connected to the ground. It is mainly suited for substrates that are not thick.Table 2. Dimensions of Antenna (in mm)Dimension Value(mm)Length of substrate: Lss 53.1Width of substrate: Wss 32.7Length of outer side of outer patch1:48.4Lop1Width of outer side of outer patch:34Wop1Length of inner side of outer patch 2:34.8Lop29.9Width of inner side of outer patch2:Wop232.1Length of outer side of inner patch1:Lip120Width of outer side of inner patch1:Wip118.9Length of inner side of inner patch 2:Lip214Width of inner side of inner patch1:Wip2Length of outer parallel slot, Los .2Width of outer parallel slot, W 3Length of inner parallel slot, Lis 1.2Width of inner parallel slot, W 3Thickness of RT Duroid substrate, h0 .7Radius of the circular Patch element 2The design has been simulated over HFSS [18], fabricated and finally tested over Vector Network Analyzer [19]. The fabricated structure and the measurement setup have been shown in figures 5 and 6 respectively.Fig.5. Fabricated AntennaFig.6. Testing of Fabricated Antenna3.Parametric StudyOther than frequency, the performance of an antenna is largely influenced by several other parameters including the patch geometry. The changes made in the geometry of the patch are often reflected in the result parameters which may vary significantly. The effect on the performance of the antenna due to the variation of its different dimensions of the patch has been analyzed. The variations in the dimensions of parallel slots & spacing between inner & outer trapezoids have an impact on antenna characteristics.3.1.1. Effects due to Parallel SlotTo design an antenna of compact dimensions, the necessary size reduction has been achieved by introducing a pair of slots in antenna design. This has resulted in mild changes in the resonant frequency along with a nearly constant gain. As the length of the slot is increased, there is comparatively less variations in the gain. 3.1.2. Effects due to Change in spacing between the Inner and Outer Slot PairThe tabulated results indicate that the variations in the gain are small when the spacing between the inner and the outer trapezoids is increased at the left side.Table 3. Various Dimensions of Outer Parallel Slot WidthTable 4. Various Dimensions of Inner Parallel Slot WidthTable 5. At Left Side (Shifting Outer Trapezium Side)Table 6. At Left Side (Shifting Inner Trapezium Side)Table 7. At Right Side (Shifting Outer Trapezium Side)Table 8. At Left Side (Shifting Inner Trapezium Side)Table 9. Bottom (Shifting Inner Trapezium)Table 10. (Top Shifting Outer Trapezium)3.1.3 Effects due to Change in Radius of Circular ElementAn increase in the radius of the circular design element of patch produces less varied output as compared to decrease in its radius.Table 11. Effects of Change in Radius of Circular Element of Patch4.Results and DiscussionIn this section, the results have been discussed. The design simulations have been carried over HFSS. The reflection coefficient has been validated over VNA. The results have been shown in the figures 6, 7, 8 and 9. 4.1. Reflection Coefficient and BandwidthThe parametric analysis of the designed structure revealed that the best simulated results were obtained corresponding to the resonant frequency of 3.605 GHz. As seen in Fig. 7, the antenna resonates at a single frequency of 3.605 GHz with a reflection coefficient of -12.6 dB and a bandwidth [20] of 10 MHz ranging from 3.6016 GHz to 3.61078 GHz. The structure, thus, offers single band resonance and may be used for applications including the mobile services, fixed satellite and radiolocation services.During the fabrication, copper has been etched out of the circular element of the patch. This mismatch of the results is due to this fault in fabrication.Fig.7. Reflection Coefficient Versus Frequency Plot4.2. Radiation PatternThe fig. 8 shows the plot of the overall radiation pattern of the proposed antenna on a dB scale. The upper region of the polar plot has been considered as the radiations are mostly concentrated in this region. The maximum gain [21] (gain total) achieved at resonant frequency was 4.677dB.Fig.8. Gain Total plot of radiation pattern [21]Fig.9. Gain Theta plot of radiation patternFig.10. Gain Phi plot of radiation patternAlso, the gain theta plot indicates the gain in elevation plane for a fixed theta (Theta =0) to be 4.6572 dB and that in Azimuthal plane for a fixed phi (Phi=180) to be 4.6572 dB.A tabulated comparison of the proposed trapezoidal patch antenna with the other two reference antennas in terms of resonant frequency, gain and reflection coefficient has been shown below. Both the reference antennas (hexagonal and the flower shaped antenna) meant to serve the UWB applications have gains (0.8 dBi and 1.8 dBi) and reflection coefficients (-10.8 dB and -20 dB) that are less than that of the proposed structure that has a gain of 4.7 dB and a reflection coefficient of -22.5 dB. The proposed design is thus efficient in terms of gain and reflection coefficient for S- band space applications.Table 12. Comparison of the reference antennas and proposed antenna resultsGain (dBi) Reflection Coefficient (dB)Design ResonantFrequency(GHz)2.3 0.8 -10.8Reference antenna 1 (ProposedUWB Antenna with Hexagonshape)2.3 1.8 -20Reference antenna 2 (ProposedUWB Antenna with Flowershape)3.644.7 -22.5Proposed Trapezoidal PatchAntenna5.ConclusionsThe proposed antenna has been designed with a great focus over the S band applications. A coaxial feed and a thin RT Duroid 5880 substrate have been utilized. The required reduction in the patch size has been achieved by the incorporation of a pair of parallel slots in the design. The designed antenna achieved a reflection coefficient of -22.5 dB and a peak gain of 4.7 dBi at 3.64 GHz. The design is in particular beneficial to offer a significant frequency range so as to serve for the fixed satellite (space to earth) applications, mobile applications and radio location purpose.AcknowledgementThe authors express their sincere gratitude to Prof. Dr. S.S. Patnaik (currently the Vice Chancellor, Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Odisha) for his guidance throughout the work. His motivation is highly cherished and revered.References[1]Custódio Peixeiro,"Microstrip Antenna Papers in the IEEE Transactions on Antennas and PropagationEurAAP Corner]",Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 2012, Page(s):264- 268[2]Deepanshu Kaushal, T. Shanmuganantham, “Design of Compact Microstrip Apple Patch Antenna forSpace Applications”, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Symposium, December 15-17, 2016.[3]T. K. Roshna1, U. Deepak, V. R. Sajitha, and P. Mohanan, “An ACS- fed Compact Antenna for UWBApplications”, International Journal of Advances in Microwave Technology (IJAMT) Vol.1, No.1, May 2016.[4]Ashis Kumar Behera, Mayank Agarwal, Pradutt Kumar Bharti and Manoj Kumar Meshram,”A Hepta-Band Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Mobile Handsets with Impedance Matching Technique”, International Journal of Advances in Microwave Technology (IJAMT), Vol.1, No.1, May 2016.[5]Prateek Juyal, Lotfollah Shafai, “Gai n Enhancement in Circular Microstrip Antenna via linearsuperposition of higher Zeros”, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters; Volume: PP, Issue:99.[6]R. K. Gupta and G. Kumar,” High-Gain Multilayered Antenna for Wireless Applications”,Microwaveand Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 50, No. 7, July 2008.[7]Deepanshu Kaushal, T. Shanmuganantham,”Danger Microstrip Patch Antenna for Fixed SatelliteApplications”, IEEE International Conference o n Emerging Trends in Technology, 2016.[8]M. T. Ali, T. A. Rah man, M. N. Md Tan, R. Sauleu, “A Planar Antenna Array with Separated Feed LineUsing Air Gap Technique”, Proceeding Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium.[9]Rachana Yadav, Sandeep Kumar Yadav and Indra Bhooshan Sharma,” Reconfigurable Single and Du alBand Microstrip Patch Antenna for Satellite communications”, 2015 International Conference on Green Computing and Internet of Things (ICGCIoT).[10]Shikha Sharma and Devendra Sombanshi,” Annular-Ring Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna for ISM BandApplication s”, IEEE International Conference on Computer, Communication and Control (IC4-2015). [11]M. Karthick,”Design of 2.4GHz Patch Antennae for WLAN Applications”, 2015 IEEE Seventh NationalConference on Computing, Communication and Information Systems (NCCCIS).[12]Pr ateek Chopra and Megha Bhandari, “Design of an X-Band Conformal Antenna Using MicrostripPatches”, 2015 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN). [13]Habiba Irshad, Dr. R. Gowri, ”Design of a Passive Integrated Antenna at 5.2 GHz.”, 2015 2ndInternational Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN).[14]Deepanshu Kaushal, T. Shanmuganantham, “Comparative Analysis of Microstrip Moody Patch Antennafor Space Applications”, IEEE International Conference on Ele ctromagnetic Interference and Compatibility, 2016.[15]Deepanshu Kaushal, T. Shanmuganantham, “Design of Multi Utility High Frequency Dual Band SlottedAndroid Logo Patch Antenna using Coaxial Feed” Antenna Test & Measurements Society, 2017.[16]Deepanshu Kaushal & T. Shanmuganantham, “Design and Optimization of microstrip patch antenna forspace applications”, IEEE International Conference on Emerging Trends in Technology-2016.[17]Sheikh Dobir Hossain, K.M. Abdus Sobahan, Md. Khalid Hossain, Md. Masud Ahamed Akash, RebekaSultana, Md. Masum Billah, “A Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications Operates in Dual Band”, International Journal of Wireless and Microwave Technologies (IJWMT), Vol. 6, Iss. 5, 2016.[18]Nitika Mittal, Rajesh Mittal, Ja swinder Kaur, “Performance Improvement of U-Slot Microstrip PatchAntenna for RF Portable Devices using Electromagnetic Band Gap and Defected Ground Structure”, International Journal of Wireless and Microwave Technologies (IJWMT), Vol. 6, Iss. 3, 2016.[19]Amandeep Kau r Sidhu and Jagtar Singh Sivia, “Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna for S and X BandApplications”, IEEE Wireless Communications”, Signal Processing and Networking (WiSPNET), 2016.[20]Deepanshu Kaushal, T. Shanmuganantham, “Butterfly Shaped Micros trip Patch Antenna with Probe Feedfor Space Applications”, International Journal of Computer Sciences and Information Security, Vol. 14, 2016.[21]Deepanshu Kaushal, T. Shanmuganantham, “Design of a Compact and Novel Microstrip Patch Antennafor Multiband Sat ellite Applications” International Conference on Smart Engineering Materials, 20-22 October, 2016.Authors’ ProfilesDeepanshu Kaushal completed his B. Tech. in Electronics & Communication fromPunjab Technical University in 2014. He is currently a IInd year M. Tech (E.C.E.) studentof Pondicherry University and is doing his project on ‘Microstrip Slotted Patch Antennas forMultiband Operation’ under the guidance of Dr. T. Shanmuganantham (Assistant Professor,Department of Electronics Engineering, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry). His area ofinterest includes Antennas, Fractals and Metamaterials. He has 19 conference papers and 9journals till date.Dr. T. Shanmuganantham was awarded B.E. degree in Electronics & CommunicationEngg from University of Madras in 1996, M.E. degree in Communication Systems fromMadurai Kamaraj University in 2000 and Ph.D. (Received Gold Medal) in the field ofAntennas from NIT (National Institute of Technology), Tiruchirappalli in 2010 under theguidance of Prof. S. Raghavan. He has 20 years of teaching experience in various reputedEngg colleges and currently he is working as Asst. Prof. in the Dept of Electronics Engg,School of Engg & Technology, Pondicherry Central University, Puducherry. His research area of interest includes MEMS/NEMS, Microwave/Millimetre-Wave Engineering, Antennas. He has published 300 research papers in various National and International Level Journals and Conferences. He has completed two sponsored projects. He has been elected as Fellow in Antenna Test and Measurement Society (ATMS) and a senior member in IEEE, Life Member in ISSS, IETE, IE (India), CSI (India), Society of ISTE, EMC, ILA, OSI and ISI. He is serving as office bearer for IEEE Circuits and Systems Society (India Chapter) and also he is Member of Board of Studies in Pondicherry University, University of Madras, and Annamalai University. His biography was incorporated in ‘Marquis who is who in the world’ USA in 2010.How to cite this paper:Deepanshu Kaushal, Shanmuganantham Thangavelu," Design of Microstrip Trapezoidal Patch Antenna Using Coaxial Feeding Technique for Space Applications", International Journal of Wireless and Microwave Technologies(IJWMT), Vol.7, No.6, pp.1-12, 2017.DOI: 10.5815/ijwmt.2017.06.01。
