国际经济学试题-精选稿教师用-含部分答案-

第1章绪论重点问题:国际经济学的产生、发展、对象及其其他经济学科的关系单选1．国际经济学分析的最基本的出发点是（B）A经济增长 B经济自然增长 C制度创新的经济增长 D经济发展2．经济发展是（D）A经济结构的变革 B社会和政治体制的变革 C经济自然增长 D制度创新的经济增长3．国际经济最基本的出发点是（B ）A社会分工 B国际分工 C产业内分工 D产业之间的分工和合作4．国际经济交往的主要方式是（A）A生产要跨国界流动 B国际分工 C商品跨国界流通 D开放经济第2章古典国际贸易理论重点问题：绝对利益说的基本内容及其评价比较利益说的基本内容及其评价单选1．在斯密的绝对优势贸易理论中，(C)。

A所有产品均具有绝对优势的国家最终将获得全部黄金和白银B具有绝对优势的国家将获得大量贸易余额C如果两个国家分别出口本国劳动成本相对较低的产品，将同时从贸易中获益D如果一国不用关税壁垒保护本国产业，将丧失绝对优势2．李嘉图的比较优势理论指出，(B)。

A贸易导致不完全专业化B即使一个国家不具有绝对成本优势，也可以从出口绝对成本劣势相对较小的产品中获益C与不具备绝对成本优势的国家相比，具有绝对成本优势的国家可以从贸易中获利更多D只有具备比较优势的国家才能获得贸易余额3．如果一个阿根廷工人能生产3蒲式耳小麦或1辆汽车，而一个巴西工人能生产4蒲式耳小麦或2辆汽车，则(D)。

A巴西在小麦和汽车生产上都具有绝对优势，而阿根廷没有比较优势B阿根廷在小麦和汽车生产上都具有绝对优势，而巴西没有比较优势C巴西在小麦和汽车生产上都具有绝对优势，而阿根廷在汽车生产上具有比较优势D巴西在小麦和汽车生产上都具有绝对优势，而阿根廷在小麦生产上具有比较优势4．根据比较优势原理的政策经验，一国从国际贸易中获益的条件是(B)。

A制造大量出口顺差 B以较低的机会成本进口商品而不是在国内生产C本国比贸易伙伴强大 D本国相对于贸易伙伴具备绝对效率优势5.比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是( A )A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异6.在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价( C )A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同简答：1．请从国际贸易实际出发评价绝对利益说 P20斯密的绝对利益学说揭示了在自由市场经济条件下，国际贸易产生的原因在于两国之间劳动生产率的绝对差异，按照绝对利益学说的原则进行国际分工，贸易的参与者与整个世界会因此而获得利益。

《国际经济学》选择题汇总版（附答案）Ch1-Ch31.The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries becauseA)the United States is a relatively large country with diverse resources.B)the United States is a“ Superpower. ”C)the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anything.D)the United States invests in many other countries.E)many countries invest in the United States.2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,A)the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.B)the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.C)the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it involves a financial intermediary in New York State.D)the U.S. may not impose export duties.E)the U.S. may not disrupt commerce between Florida and Hawaii.3.International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields A) macro and micro.B) developed and less developed.C) monetary and barter.D) international trade and international money.E) static and dynamic.4.International monetary analysis focuses onA)the real side of the international economy.B)the international trade side of the international economy.C)the international investment side of the international economy.D)the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.E)the monetary side of the international economy, such as currency exchange.5.The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact thatA)trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.D) Intra-European Union trade exceeds international trade by the EuropeanUni on.E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.6.The gravity model explains whyA)trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden and Spain.B)countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.C)capital rich countries export capital intensive products.D)intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of tradebetween neighboringcountries.E)European countries rely most often on natural resources.7. Why does the gravity model work?A)Large economies became large because they were engaged in international trade.B)Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on governm ent promotion of trade and investment.C)Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a pro ductive activity will take place within the borders of that country.D)Large economies tend to have large incomes and tend to spend more on impor ts.E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.8.We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably more with the United States than with many other countries.A)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.B)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.C)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are smallcountri es.D)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large countries.E)This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.9.In the present, most of the exports from Chinaare A) manufactured goods.B) services.C)primary products including agricultural.D) technology intensive products.E) overpriced by world market standards.10.A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because itA) is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestically.C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.11.The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle o f comparative advantage result toA) differences in technology.B)differences in preferences.C)differences in labor productivity.D)differences in resources.E)gravity relationships among countries.12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find itsconsump tion bundleA)inside its production possibilities frontier.B)on its production possibilities frontier.C)outside its production possibilities frontier.D)inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.E)on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.13.Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United Sta tes equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Production costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan ifA)U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units per hour.B)U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan's 20 units per hour.C)U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan's 30 units per hour.D)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 25 units per hour.E)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 40 units per hour.14.In a two-country, two-product world, the statement“ Germanyenjoys acomparativ e advantage over France in autos relative toships ”is equivalent toA) France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ship s.C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany.E) France should produce autos.15.If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know thatA)the United States has no comparative advantageB)Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C)the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.D)Germany has comparative advantages in both products.E)the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.Ch4-Ch51.The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can bemutually beneficial. Why, then, do governments restrict imports of some goods?A)Trade can have substantial effects on a country's distribution of income.B)The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can bemutually beneficial.C)Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries.D)Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standar ds of qualityE) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit domestic consumers.2.Japan's trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact thatA) japanese rice farmers have significant political power.B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore exports most o f its rice crop.C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in free trade in r ice.D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country.3.In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specific factor?A)LaborB)LandC)ClothD)FoodE)Technology4.The specific factors model assumes that there are ________ goods and ________ fa ctor(s) of production.A) two; threeB) two; two C)two; one D)three; two E)four; three5.The slope of a country's production possibility frontier with cloth measured on the horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors model is equa l to ________ and it ________ as more cloth is produced.A)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes steeperB)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatterC)-MPLF/MPLC; is constantD)-MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeperE)-MPLC/MPLF; is constant6.Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produce clothwill be equal toA)the slope of the production possibility frontier.B)the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.C)the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to the marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.D)the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.E)the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the production of clot h.7.In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the quantity ofla bor used in cloth production?A)an increase in the price of cloth relative to that of foodB) an increase in the price of food relative to that ofcloth C) a decrease in the price of laborD) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and clothE) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth8.A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only ifA)it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.B)it employs a unique technology.C)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are not identical.D)its wage rate is below the world average.E)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.9.In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are ________ for mobil e factors, ________ for fixed factors used to produce the exported good, and ________ for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.A)ambiguous; positive; negativeB) ambiguous; negative; positive C)positive; ambiguous; ambiguous D)negative; ambiguous; ambiguous E)positive; positive; positive10.The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing industries willb e ________ jobs and ________ pay because they are relatively ________.A)fewer; lower; mobileB)fewer; lower; immobileC)more; lower; immobileD)more; higher; mobileE)more; higher; immobile11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade becauseA)there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unemployment ra te.B)the gains from free trade cannot be measured.C)those who gain from free trade can't compensate those who lose.D)foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.E) those who lose from free trade are better organized than those who gain.12.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differin A)tastes and preferences.B)military capabilities.C)the size of their economies.D)relative abundance of factors of production.E)labor productivities.13.If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measure d on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of its production possibil ity frontier is equal toA)the opportunity cost of good X.B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.C) the price of good X divided by the price of goodY. D) the opportunity cost of good Y.E)the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by the costof labor.14.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will ________ the owners ofa country's ________ factor and will ________ the good that uses that factor intensiv ely.A)benefit; abundant; exportB)harm; abundant; importC)benefit; scarce; exportD)benefit; scarce; importE)harm; scarce; export15.The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely thatA) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.B) countries will benefit from free international trade.C) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.D)comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.E)global production will decrease under trade.16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, formerly autarkic coun tries will result inA)an increase in the relative price of food in the U.S.B)an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.C)a global increase in the relative price of food.D)a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.E)an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.17.Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Coun try H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade beginsA) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.B) wages and rents should rise in H.C) wages and rents should fall in H.D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.E) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.18.The Leontieff ParadoxA)failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.B)supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.C)supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.D)failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.E)proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)The wage-rental ratio determines the capital-labor ratio in a country's industr ies.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of the labor-i ntensive good and decrease production of the capital-intensive good.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.Ch6-Ch101.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)the terms of trade of cloth exporters will improve.B)all countries would be better off.C)the terms of trade of food exporters will improve.D)the terms of trade of all countries will improve.E) the terms of trade of cloth exporters will worsen.2.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)world relative quantity of cloth supplied will increase.B)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will increase.C)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will decrease.D)world relative quantity of cloth demanded will decrease.E)world relative quantity of food will increase.3.If the U.S. (a large country) imposes a tariff on its imported good, this will tend toA)have no effect on terms of trade.B)improve the terms of trade of the United States.C)improve the terms of trade of all countries.D)because a deterioration of U.S. terms of trade.E)raise the world price of the good imported by the United States.4.If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of sub sidies for its exports, this mustA)decrease its marginal propensity to consume.B)have no effect on its terms of trade.C)improve its terms of trade.D)harm its terms of trade.E)harm world terms of trade.5.Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unitA)falls as the average firm grows larger.B)rises as the industry grows larger.C)falls as the industry grows larger.D)rises as the average firm grows larger.E)remains constant over a broad range of output.6. External economies of scale will ________ average cost when output is ________ by _______.A)reduce; increased; the industryB)reduce; increased; a firmC)increase; increased; a firmD)increase; increased; the industryE)reduce; reduce; the industry7.If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we sh ould not expect to seeA) perfect competition in these industries.B) intra-industry trade between countries.C)inter-industry trade between countries.D)high levels of specialization in both countries.E)increased productivity in both countries.8.A learning curve relates ________ to ________ and is a case of ________ returns.A) unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic decreasing returnsB)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic increasing returnsC)unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic increasing returnsD)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic decreasing returnsE)labor productivity; education; increasing marginal returns9.Patterns of interregional trade are primarily determined by ________ rather than __ ______ because factors of production are generally ________.A)external economies; natural resources; mobileB)internal economies; external economies; mobileC)external economies; population; immobileD)internal economies; population; immobileE)population; external economies; immobile10.Monopolistic competition is associatedwith A) product differentiation.B) price-taking behavior.C) explicit consideration at the firm level of the strategic impact of other firms' pricing decisions. D) high profit margins in the long run.E) increasing returns to scale.11.A firm in long-run equilibrium under monopolistic competition will earnA)positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.B)zero economic profits because of free entryC)positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.D)negative economic profits because it has economies of scale.E)positive economic profit if it engages in international trade.12.The most common form of price discrimination in international tradeis A) dumping.B) non-tariff barriers.C) Voluntary Export Restraints.D) preferential trade arrangements.E) product boycotts.13.Consider the following two cases. In the first, a U.S. firm purchases 18% of a forei gn firm. In the second, a U.S. firm builds a new production facility in a foreign countr y. Both are ________, with the first referred to as ________ and the second as ______ __.A)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; brownfield; greenfieldB)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; greenfield; brownfieldC)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; greenfield; brownfieldD)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; brownfield; greenfieldE)foreign direct investment (FDI); inflows; outflows14. Specific tariffs areA)import taxes stated in specific legal statutes.B)import taxes calculated as a fixed charge for each unit of imported goods.C)import taxes calculated as a fraction of the value of the imported goods.D)the same as import quotas.E)import taxes calculated based solely on the origin country.15.A problem encountered when implementing an "infant industry" tariff isthat A) domestic consumers will purchase the foreign good regardless of thetariff. B) the industry may never "mature."C)most industries require tariff protection when they are mature.D)the tariff may hurt the industry's domestic sales.E)the tariffs fail to protect the domestic producers.16.In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will A)increase both consumer and producer surplus.B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.C) decrease consumer surplus and increase producer surplus.D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.E) decrease consumer surplus but leave producers surplus unchanged.17.If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift fr om domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then the effective rate of protection in the computer industry willA) increase.B) decreaseC) remain the same.D)depend on whether computers are PCs or "Supercomputers."E)no longer apply.18.When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a country duty free, this generally results in a(an)A) effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.B) nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate.C) rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.D) fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates. E) rise in only the effective tariff rat e.19.Should the home country be "large" relative to its trade partners, its imposition ofa tariff on imports would lead to an increase in domestic welfare if the terms of thetra de rectangle exceed the sum of theA) revenue effect plus redistribution effect.B) protective effect plus revenue effect.C) consumption effect plus redistribution effect.D)production distortion effect plus consumption distortion effect.E)terms of trade gain.20.The efficiency case made for free trade is that as trade distortions such as tariffs ar e dismantledand removed,A) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will decreaseB) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national econo mic welfare will increase.C) deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, henceincreasin g national economic welfare.D)deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, hence decreasing na tional economic welfare.E)government tariff revenue will increase, hence increasing national economic welfar e.21.Which organization determines procedures for the settlement of international trade disputes?A)World BankB)World Trade OrganizationC)International Monetary OrganizationD)International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentE)The League of Nations22.Today U.S. protectionism is concentratedin A) high-tech industries.B) labor-intensive industries.C) industries in which Japan has a comparative advantage.D)computer intensive industries.E)capital-intensive industries.23.The quantitative importance of U.S. protection of the domestic clothing industryis best explained by the fact thatA)this industry is an important employer of highly skilled labor.B)this industry is an important employer of low skilled labor.C)most of the exporters of clothing into the U.S. are poor countries.D)this industry is a politically well organized sector in the U.S.E)the technology involved is very advanced.欢迎下载1124.The optimum tariff is most likely to applyto A) a small tariff imposed by a small country.B) a small tariff imposed by a large country. C)a large tariff imposed by a small country. D) alarge tariff imposed by a large country. E) anad valorem tariff on a small country.25.The median voter modelA)works well in the area of trade policy.B)is not intuitively reasonable.C)tends to result in biased tariff rates.D)does not work well in the area of trade policy.E)is not widely practiced in the United States.欢迎下载12。

一、单项选择题1。

从国际经济资源流动的难度看,最容易流动的要素是（A）A。

商品B。

资本 C.人员D。

技术2.在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价（C)A。

在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C。

在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同3.比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是（A)A.劳动生产率的差异B。

技术水平的差异C。

产品品质的差异 D.价格的差异4.在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中，机会成本是（D）A。

递增 B.递减C。

先递增后递减 D.不变5。

不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有（B）A.重叠需求理论B.要素比例理论C。

规模经济理论D。

垄断竞争理论6。

能反映规模经济理论本意的是（B）A.规模报酬递减B。

规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D。

规模成本递增7。

不改变贸易结构，只改变贸易规模的增长方式有(C）A。

偏向进口的生产要素增长B。

偏向出口的生产要素增长C。

生产要素等比例增长 D.悲惨的增长8.最佳关税水平应等于（B)A。

零进口关税 B.零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平C。

禁止性关税D。

禁止性关税以上9。

世界贸易组织秘书处设在（B）A.日内瓦B。

纽约 C.布鲁塞尔 D.乌拉圭10。

在国际卡特尔订价中，当产品的需求弹性越小，卡特尔订价水平就（B)A.越低B。

越高 C.不变D。

不确定11。

下述哪一种不属于投机性外汇交易（D）A.双边套汇B.多边套汇C。

套利 D.套期保值12.下述几种货币中，哪一种是实行联合浮动的货币（D）A。

英镑 B.日元C。

美元D。

人民币13。

下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目（D）A.进出口B。

利息收支 C.直接投资D。

特别提款权变动14.在分析货币贬值对贸易收支的影响时，小国所面临的供给弹性是(D）A.零B.小于需求弹性C.大于需求弹性D.无穷大15.发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是（C）A.固定汇率制B。

《国际经济学》复习题及参考答案K135班一、名词解释1、国际经济学：是研究经济资源或稀缺资源在世界范围内的最优分配，以及在此过程中发生的经济活动和经济关系的科学。

2、倾销：海外的货物以低于同样货物的销售价格在同一时候在国内市场类似条件下的出售。

3、国际收支（广义）：在特定的时期（一般为一年）内，一个经济体与世界其他地方的各项经济交易。

4、提供曲线：就是相互需求曲线，表明一个国家为了进口一定量的商品，必须向其他国家出口一定量的商品的交换比率。

5、关税同盟：它是指两个或两个以上的国家通过签订条约或协定取消区域内关税或其他进口限制，并对非同盟国家实行统一的关税率而缔结的同盟。

6、贸易条件：即商品的国际交换比率。

也就是单位出口能够换回的进口，用出口价格指数比进口价格指数。

7、外汇管制：一国政府通过法令对本国对外的国际结算和外汇买卖实行管制，用以实现国际收支平衡与本国货币汇率稳定的一种制度。

8、汇率：又称为汇价。

是不同货币在外汇买卖过程中形成的交换比率。

9、开放经济：一个经济与其外部存在着经济往来关系，如对外贸易、资金流动、劳动力流动等对外经济关系。

10、资本国际流动：指资本从一个国家、地区或经济体，转移到另一个国家、地区和经济体的过程。

二、判断题1、如果小国对进口商征收关税，那么关税造成的消费者损失小于国内生产商收益与政府关税收入之和。

×如果小国对进口商征收关税，那么关税造成的消费者损失大于国内生产商收益与政府关税收入之和。

2、李嘉图的比较优势理论指出，即使其中一个国家在所有产品上郡具有绝对成本优势，各国也可以根据比较优势进行专业化生产，然后通过贸易获益。

√3、贫穷化增长适用于长期以来人口增长快于国内生产总值增长的国家。

×贫穷化增长适用于经济是典型的单一经济，离开单一产品的的生产和出口，该国就会陷入困境的发展中国家。

4、社会无差异曲线用来表示能够为社会成员提供相同满意感的商品消费组合。

国际经济学题库（含参考答案）一、单选题（共50题，每题1分，共50分）1、区域一体化组织中最松散、最低级的形式是（）A、关税同盟B、自由贸易区C、共同市场D、优惠贸易安排正确答案：D2、要素价格均等化表明（）A、一国丰富要素所有者受益，稀缺要素所有者受损B、一国丰富要素所有者受损，稀缺要素所有者受益C、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益D、一国丰富要素所有者和稀缺要素所有者都受益正确答案：A3、下列不属于关税同盟动态效应的是（）A、大市场效应B、加剧竞争C、吸引外资D、贸易创造效应正确答案：D4、如果开放前一国X产品的相对价格低于其贸易伙伴，则贸易后该国（）A、进口 X产品B、生产者福利增加C、整体福利下降D、消费者福利增加正确答案：B5、下列（）会给本国带来较大的贸易创造效应。

A、本国对贸易商品的供给弹性较大B、本国对成员国的初始关税较大C、本国与成员国之间贸易商品的成本差别较大D、本国对贸易商品的需求弹性较小正确答案：D6、初级产品的出口价格若下降，其出口量将增加，出口总收入（）A、不变B、增加C、下降D、不确定正确答案：C7、马歇尔一勒纳条件所要说明的是在供给弹性（）的情况下，本币贬值能够改善贸易收支的进出口需求弹性条件。

A、零B、无穷大C、1D^大于零小于1正确答案：B8、假设中国和美国都能生产小麦和布，中国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布，可以生产50米；全部生产小麦，可以生产80千克；美国将一单位劳动时间全部生产布，可以生产40米；全部生产小麦，可以生产 100千克。

如果开放后的国际交换比价为1米布=L 8千克小麦，则下列说法正确的是（）A、无法比较美国和中国的获利情况B、中国从贸易开放中获利更多C、美国和中国从贸易开放中获利相同D、美国从贸易开放中获利更多正确答案：D9、下列不属于国际收支平衡表资本项目的是（）A、利息收支B、短期信贷C、短期证券买卖D、票据买卖正确答案：A10、消费者剩余是（）A、消费者为了商品的消费而必须向政府支付的东西B、消费者通过低于市场价格的价格而得到的收益C、消费者购买商品所需支付的价格低于其愿意支付的价格而获得的收益D、消费者可以在各种价格水平得到的收益正确答案：C11、外汇市场中的即期交易不包含（）A、套汇B、投机C、国际贸易结算D、银行同业拆借正确答案：B12、如果一个中国工人能生产3匹布或者1辆汽车，一个美国工人能生产4匹布或2辆汽车，则能促进中国与美国进行贸易并各自收益的交换比率是（）A、4匹布换2辆汽车B、3匹布换1辆汽车C、3匹布换2辆汽车D、5匹布换2辆汽车正确答案：D13、国际经济学的研究对象是（）A、国际商品流动B、国际收支平衡C、世界范围内的稀缺资源的最优配置D^国际人员流动正确答案：C14、根据国民收入决定方程Y=C+I+G+X-M,国际收支的吸收分析法中的“吸收”是指（）A、YB、C+IC、C+I+GD、X-M正确答案：C15、开放经济条件下的宏观经济政策目标是（）A、追求贸易顺差B、汇率稳定C、扩大出口D、国际收支平衡正确答案：D16、在进行贸易后，一国的收入分配会发生如下变化，（）A、收入由消费者转向生产者B、受到进口商品竞争压力的国内生产者遭受损失，而出口商品的生产者则会受益C、消费者受损，生产者受益D、作为整体的国家受益，而个人则会受到损失正确答案：B17、商品和服务贸易记录在国际收支平衡表中的（）A、经常项目B、误差和遗漏项目C、官方结算项目D、资本项目正确答案：A18、下列哪个行业最有可能具有内部规模经济？（）A、好莱坞的电影业B、加州硅谷的半导体产业C、美国的大型农场D、北京中关村的电脑城正确答案：C19、采用（）的配额分配方式，配额的福利效果与关税一样。

国际经济学精选习题集第一部分国际贸易理论第1章绪论一、单项选择题1．国际经济学在研究资源配置时，划分的基本经济单位是（D）A.企业B.个人C.政府D.国家2．国际经济学研究的对象是（B）A.国际商品流动B.世界范围内的稀缺资源的最优配置C.国际收支平衡D.国际人员流动3．从国际间经济资源流动的难易度看，流动最容易的是（B）A.商品B.资本C.人员D.技术二、判断分析题1．国际经济学是建立在微观经济学与宏观经济学基础之上的一门分支科学。

√。

大部分国际经济学应用了宏微观经济学的一般原理，如无差异曲线、需求曲线、企业产量按照MR=MC确定等，但是国际经济学理论本身也获得了许多理论性的进步。

在此基础上的国际经济学研究又推动了一般经济学理论研究方法的发展。

第2章比较优势原理一、单项选择题1．比较优势理论认为，国际贸易的驱动力是（A）。

A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异2．从15世纪初到18世纪中叶，在国际贸易和国际收支理论方面占主导地位的是（A）。

A.重商主义B.重农主义C.重金主义D.自由放任主义3．绝对成本学说是比较成本学说的（C）。

A.同一形式B.发展形式C.特殊形式D.理论形式4．亚当·斯密的绝对优势理论认为（C）。

A.所有产品均具有绝对优势的国家最终将获得全部黄金和白银B.具有绝对优势的国家将获得大量贸易余额C.如果两个国家分别出口本国劳动成本相对较低的产品，将同时从贸易中获益D.如果一国不用关税壁垒保护本国产业将丧失绝对优势5．李嘉图比较优势理论指出（B）。

A.贸易导致不完全专业化B.即使一个国家不具备绝对成本优势，也可从出口绝对成本劣势相对较小的产品中获益C.与不具备绝对成本优势的国家相比，具有绝对成本优势的国家可以从贸易中获利更多D.只有具备计较优势的国家才能获得贸易余额6．根据比较成本说，一国从国际贸易中获益的条件是（B）。

A.创造大量贸易顺差B.以较低的机会成本进口商品而不在国内生产C.本国比贸易伙伴国强大D.本国相对于贸易伙伴具备绝对效率优势7．在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价（C）。

国际经济学测试题1答案一、单项选择（1’×10=10’）1.D2.C3.B4.A5.C6.C7.B8.D9.D 10.A二、多项选择（将答案填在下面的表格内，1’×10=10’）1. ABCD2. ABCDE3.ABD4.ABCDE5.ABDE6.ABD7.BCE8.ABE9.ABCD 10.ABD三、判断分析（分析不正确本题不得分。

2’×10=20’）1. 正确2. 错误。

跟大国比较接近。

3. 错误。

小国可以完全分工。

4. 正确5. 错误。

前者增加，后者下降。

6. 错误。

介于零关税和禁止性关税之间7. 错误。

国际生产折中理论8. 正确9. 错误。

动态效应更大更重要10. 正确四、名词解释（3’×4=12’）1．特定要素：只能被用来生产某些特定产品、不能在部门间自由流动的生产要素。

2．最优货币区：是指成员国相互之间的货币实行自由兑换，汇率保持长期固定不变，而对非成员国货币的汇率则实行联合浮动，通过商品和服务贸易以及要素的流动使多国经济紧密地联系在一起的地区。

3．出口替代战略：出口替代发展战略也是实现出口替代工业化的过程。

它是指一国将经济发展重点放在出口工业上，通过扩大出口本国工业制成品和半制成品来代替传统的初级产品出口，以增加外汇收入，带动工业体系的建立和推动整个国民经济的持续发展。

4．需求管理政策: 需求管理政策是通过改变国内总需求来校正国际收支失衡，它是以吸收理论为基础提出的，所以又称支出变化政策，主要政策工具包括财政政策和货币政策。

五、比较分析题（要求借助图形，每题9’，共18’）1. 比较小国利用关税和利用进口替代补贴进行贸易保护的不同效果。

征收关税之后，该国的总福利水平下降了：消费者剩余损失了(a+b+c+d)，其中a被生产者所得，c为政府财政收入所得，但尚有b和d的损失，国内没有任何人能得到相应的补偿。

这是由于关税使本国的生产资源从效率较高的部门转移到了效率较低的部门，即一国的生产资源向没有比较优势的进口竞争部门集中，因此造成了国民福利净损失。

《国际经济学》选择题汇总版（附答案）Ch1-Ch31.The United States is less dependent on trade than most other countries becauseA)the United States is a relatively large country with diverse resources.B)the United States is a“ Superpower. ”C)the military power of the United States makes it less dependent on anything.D)the United States invests in many other countries.E)many countries invest in the United States.2. Because the Constitution forbids restraints on interstate trade,A)the U.S. may not impose tariffs on imports from NAFTA countries.B)the U.S. may not affect the international value of the $ U.S.C)the U.S. may not put restraints on foreign investments in California if it involves a financial intermediary in New York State.D)the U.S. may not impose export duties.E)the U.S. may not disrupt commerce between Florida and Hawaii.3.International economics can be divided into two broad sub-fields A) macro and micro.B) developed and less developed.C) monetary and barter.D) international trade and international money.E) static and dynamic.4.International monetary analysis focuses onA)the real side of the international economy.B)the international trade side of the international economy.C)the international investment side of the international economy.D)the issues of international cooperation between Central Banks.E)the monetary side of the international economy, such as currency exchange.5.The gravity model offers a logical explanation for the fact thatA)trade between Asia and the U.S. has grown faster than NAFTA trade.B) trade in services has grown faster than trade in goods.C) trade in manufactures has grown faster than in agricultural products.D) Intra-European Union trade exceeds international trade by the EuropeanUni on.E) the U.S. trades more with Western Europe than it does with Canada.6.The gravity model explains whyA)trade between Sweden and Germany exceeds that between Sweden and Spain.B)countries with oil reserves tend to export oil.C)capital rich countries export capital intensive products.D)intra-industry trade is relatively more important than other forms of tradebetween neighboringcountries.E)European countries rely most often on natural resources.7. Why does the gravity model work?A)Large economies became large because they were engaged in international trade.B)Large economies have relatively large incomes, and hence spend more on governm ent promotion of trade and investment.C)Large economies have relatively larger areas which raises the probability that a pro ductive activity will take place within the borders of that country.D)Large economies tend to have large incomes and tend to spend more on impor ts.E) Large economies tend to avoid trading with small economies.8.We see that the Netherlands, Belgium, and Ireland trade considerably more with the United States than with many other countries.A)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all large countries.B)This is explained by the gravity model, since these are all small countries.C)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are smallcountri es.D)This fails to be consistent with the gravity model, since these are large countries.E)This is explained by the gravity model, since they do not share borders.9.In the present, most of the exports from Chinaare A) manufactured goods.B) services.C)primary products including agricultural.D) technology intensive products.E) overpriced by world market standards.10.A country engaging in trade according to the principles of comparative advantage gains from trade because itA) is producing exports indirectly more efficiently than it could alternatively.B) is producing imports indirectly more efficiently than it could domestically.C) is producing exports using fewer labor units.D) is producing imports indirectly using fewer labor units.E) is producing exports while outsourcing services.11.The Ricardian model attributes the gains from trade associated with the principle o f comparative advantage result toA) differences in technology.B)differences in preferences.C)differences in labor productivity.D)differences in resources.E)gravity relationships among countries.12. A nation engaging in trade according to the Ricardian model will find itsconsump tion bundleA)inside its production possibilities frontier.B)on its production possibilities frontier.C)outside its production possibilities frontier.D)inside its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.E)on its trade-partner's production possibilities frontier.13.Assume that labor is the only factor of production and that wages in the United Sta tes equal $20 per hour while wages in Japan are $10 per hour. Production costs would be lower in the United States as compared to Japan ifA)U.S. labor productivity equaled 40 units per hour and Japan's 15 units per hour.B)U.S. labor productivity equaled 30 units per hour and Japan's 20 units per hour.C)U.S. labor productivity equaled 20 units per hour and Japan's 30 units per hour.D)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 25 units per hour.E)U.S. labor productivity equaled 15 units per hour and Japan's 40 units per hour.14.In a two-country, two-product world, the statement“ Germanyenjoys acomparativ e advantage over France in autos relative toships ”is equivalent toA) France having a comparative advantage over Germany in ships.B) France having a comparative disadvantage compared to Germany in autos and ship s.C) Germany having a comparative advantage over France in autos and ships.D) France having no comparative advantage over Germany.E) France should produce autos.15.If the United States' production possibility frontier was flatter to the widget axis, whereas Germany's was flatter to the butter axis, we know thatA)the United States has no comparative advantageB)Germany has a comparative advantage in butter.C)the U.S. has a comparative advantage in butter.D)Germany has comparative advantages in both products.E)the U.S. has a comparative disadvantage in widgets.Ch4-Ch51.The Ricardian model of international trade demonstrates that trade can bemutually beneficial. Why, then, do governments restrict imports of some goods?A)Trade can have substantial effects on a country's distribution of income.B)The Ricardian model is often incorrect in its prediction that trade can bemutually beneficial.C)Import restrictions are the result of trade wars between hostile countries.D)Imports are only restricted when foreign-made goods do not meet domestic standar ds of qualityE) Restrictions on imports are intended to benefit domestic consumers.2.Japan's trade policies with regard to rice reflect the fact thatA) japanese rice farmers have significant political power.B) Japan has a comparative advantage in rice production and therefore exports most o f its rice crop.C) there would be no gains from trade available to Japan if it engaged in free trade in r ice.D) there are gains from trade that Japan captures by engaging in free trade in rice.E) Japan imports most of the rice consumed in the country.3.In the specific factors model, which of the following is treated as a specific factor?A)LaborB)LandC)ClothD)FoodE)Technology4.The specific factors model assumes that there are ________ goods and ________ fa ctor(s) of production.A) two; threeB) two; two C)two; one D)three; two E)four; three5.The slope of a country's production possibility frontier with cloth measured on the horizontal and food measured on the vertical axis in the specific factors model is equa l to ________ and it ________ as more cloth is produced.A)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes steeperB)-MPLF/MPLC; becomes flatterC)-MPLF/MPLC; is constantD)-MPLC/MPLF; becomes steeperE)-MPLC/MPLF; is constant6.Under perfect competition, the equilibrium price of labor used to produce clothwill be equal toA)the slope of the production possibility frontier.B)the average product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.C)the ratio of the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth to the marginal product of labor in the production of food times the ratio of the price of cloth. to the price of food.D)the marginal product of labor in the production of cloth times the price of cloth.E)the price of cloth divided by the marginal product of labor in the production of clot h.7.In the specific factors model, which of the following will increase the quantity ofla bor used in cloth production?A)an increase in the price of cloth relative to that of foodB) an increase in the price of food relative to that ofcloth C) a decrease in the price of laborD) an equal percentage decrease in the price of food and clothE) an equal percentage increase in the price of food and cloth8.A country that does not engage in trade can benefit from trade only ifA)it has an absolute advantage in at least one good.B)it employs a unique technology.C)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are not identical.D)its wage rate is below the world average.E)pre-trade and free-trade relative prices are identical.9.In the specific factors model, the effects of trade on welfare are ________ for mobil e factors, ________ for fixed factors used to produce the exported good, and ________ for fixed factors used to produce the imported good.A)ambiguous; positive; negativeB) ambiguous; negative; positive C)positive; ambiguous; ambiguous D)negative; ambiguous; ambiguous E)positive; positive; positive10.The effect of trade on specialized employees of import-competing industries willb e ________ jobs and ________ pay because they are relatively ________.A)fewer; lower; mobileB)fewer; lower; immobileC)more; lower; immobileD)more; higher; mobileE)more; higher; immobile11. There is a bias in the political process against free trade becauseA)there is a high correlation between the volume of imports and the unemployment ra te.B)the gains from free trade cannot be measured.C)those who gain from free trade can't compensate those who lose.D)foreign governments make large donations to U.S. political campaigns.E) those who lose from free trade are better organized than those who gain.12.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, the two countries differin A)tastes and preferences.B)military capabilities.C)the size of their economies.D)relative abundance of factors of production.E)labor productivities.13.If a country produces good Y (measured on the vertical axis) and good X (measure d on the horizontal axis), then the absolute value of the slope of its production possibil ity frontier is equal toA)the opportunity cost of good X.B) the price of good X divided by the price of good Y.C) the price of good X divided by the price of goodY. D) the opportunity cost of good Y.E)the cost of capital (assuming that good Y is capital intensive) divided by the costof labor.14.In the 2-factor, 2 good Heckscher-Ohlin model, trade will ________ the owners ofa country's ________ factor and will ________ the good that uses that factor intensiv ely.A)benefit; abundant; exportB)harm; abundant; importC)benefit; scarce; exportD)benefit; scarce; importE)harm; scarce; export15.The assumption of diminishing returns in the Heckscher-Ohlin model means that, unlike in the Ricardian model, it is likely thatA) countries will consume outside their production possibility frontier.B) countries will benefit from free international trade.C) countries will not be fully specialized in one product.D)comparative advantage will not determine the direction of trade.E)global production will decrease under trade.16.If Japan is relatively capital rich and the United States is relatively land rich, and if food is relatively land intensive then trade between these two, formerly autarkic coun tries will result inA)an increase in the relative price of food in the U.S.B)an increase in the relative price of food in Japan.C)a global increase in the relative price of food.D)a decrease in the relative price of food in both countries.E)an increase in the relative price of food in both countries.17.Starting from an autarky (no-trade) situation with Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Coun try H is relatively labor abundant, then once trade beginsA) rent will be unchanged but wages will rise in H.B) wages and rents should rise in H.C) wages and rents should fall in H.D) wages should fall and rents should rise in H.E) wages should rise and rents should fall in H.18.The Leontieff ParadoxA)failed to support the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.B)supported the validity of the Ricardian theory of comparative advantage.C)supported the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin model.D)failed to support the validity of the Ricardian theory.E)proved that the U.S. economy is different from all others.19. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)The wage-rental ratio determines the capital-labor ratio in a country's industr ies.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.20. Which of the following is an assertion of the Heckscher-Ohlin model?A)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of the labor-i ntensive good and decrease production of the capital-intensive good.B)An increase in a country's labor supply will increase production of both the capital-intensive and the labor-intensive good.C)In the long-run, labor is mobile and capital is not.D)Factor price equalization will occur only if there is costless mobility of all factors a cross borders.E)Factor endowments determine the technology that is available to a country, which determines the good in which the country will have a comparative advantage.Ch6-Ch101.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)the terms of trade of cloth exporters will improve.B)all countries would be better off.C)the terms of trade of food exporters will improve.D)the terms of trade of all countries will improve.E) the terms of trade of cloth exporters will worsen.2.If the ratio of price of cloth (PC) divided by the price of food (PF) increases in thei nternational marketplace, thenA)world relative quantity of cloth supplied will increase.B)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will increase.C)world relative quantity of cloth supplied and demanded will decrease.D)world relative quantity of cloth demanded will decrease.E)world relative quantity of food will increase.3.If the U.S. (a large country) imposes a tariff on its imported good, this will tend toA)have no effect on terms of trade.B)improve the terms of trade of the United States.C)improve the terms of trade of all countries.D)because a deterioration of U.S. terms of trade.E)raise the world price of the good imported by the United States.4.If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of sub sidies for its exports, this mustA)decrease its marginal propensity to consume.B)have no effect on its terms of trade.C)improve its terms of trade.D)harm its terms of trade.E)harm world terms of trade.5.Internal economies of scale arise when the cost per unitA)falls as the average firm grows larger.B)rises as the industry grows larger.C)falls as the industry grows larger.D)rises as the average firm grows larger.E)remains constant over a broad range of output.6. External economies of scale will ________ average cost when output is ________ by _______.A)reduce; increased; the industryB)reduce; increased; a firmC)increase; increased; a firmD)increase; increased; the industryE)reduce; reduce; the industry7.If some industries exhibit internal increasing returns to scale in each country, we sh ould not expect to seeA) perfect competition in these industries.B) intra-industry trade between countries.C)inter-industry trade between countries.D)high levels of specialization in both countries.E)increased productivity in both countries.8.A learning curve relates ________ to ________ and is a case of ________ returns.A) unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic decreasing returnsB)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic increasing returnsC)unit cost; cumulative production; dynamic increasing returnsD)output per time period; long-run marginal cost; dynamic decreasing returnsE)labor productivity; education; increasing marginal returns9.Patterns of interregional trade are primarily determined by ________ rather than __ ______ because factors of production are generally ________.A)external economies; natural resources; mobileB)internal economies; external economies; mobileC)external economies; population; immobileD)internal economies; population; immobileE)population; external economies; immobile10.Monopolistic competition is associatedwith A) product differentiation.B) price-taking behavior.C) explicit consideration at the firm level of the strategic impact of other firms' pricing decisions. D) high profit margins in the long run.E) increasing returns to scale.11.A firm in long-run equilibrium under monopolistic competition will earnA)positive monopoly profits because each sells a differentiated product.B)zero economic profits because of free entryC)positive oligopoly profits because each firm sells a differentiated product.D)negative economic profits because it has economies of scale.E)positive economic profit if it engages in international trade.12.The most common form of price discrimination in international tradeis A) dumping.B) non-tariff barriers.C) Voluntary Export Restraints.D) preferential trade arrangements.E) product boycotts.13.Consider the following two cases. In the first, a U.S. firm purchases 18% of a forei gn firm. In the second, a U.S. firm builds a new production facility in a foreign countr y. Both are ________, with the first referred to as ________ and the second as ______ __.A)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; brownfield; greenfieldB)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; greenfield; brownfieldC)foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows; greenfield; brownfieldD)foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows; brownfield; greenfieldE)foreign direct investment (FDI); inflows; outflows14. Specific tariffs areA)import taxes stated in specific legal statutes.B)import taxes calculated as a fixed charge for each unit of imported goods.C)import taxes calculated as a fraction of the value of the imported goods.D)the same as import quotas.E)import taxes calculated based solely on the origin country.15.A problem encountered when implementing an "infant industry" tariff isthat A) domestic consumers will purchase the foreign good regardless of thetariff. B) the industry may never "mature."C)most industries require tariff protection when they are mature.D)the tariff may hurt the industry's domestic sales.E)the tariffs fail to protect the domestic producers.16.In the country levying the tariff, the tariff will A)increase both consumer and producer surplus.B) decrease both the consumer and producer surplus.C) decrease consumer surplus and increase producer surplus.D) increase consumer surplus and decrease producer surplus.E) decrease consumer surplus but leave producers surplus unchanged.17.If the tariff on computers is not changed, but domestic computer producers shift fr om domestically produced semiconductors to imported components, then the effective rate of protection in the computer industry willA) increase.B) decreaseC) remain the same.D)depend on whether computers are PCs or "Supercomputers."E)no longer apply.18.When a government allows raw materials and other intermediate products to enter a country duty free, this generally results in a(an)A) effective tariff rate less than the nominal tariff rate.B) nominal tariff rate less than the effective tariff rate.C) rise in both nominal and effective tariff rates.D) fall in both nominal and effective tariff rates. E) rise in only the effective tariff rat e.19.Should the home country be "large" relative to its trade partners, its imposition ofa tariff on imports would lead to an increase in domestic welfare if the terms of thetra de rectangle exceed the sum of theA) revenue effect plus redistribution effect.B) protective effect plus revenue effect.C) consumption effect plus redistribution effect.D)production distortion effect plus consumption distortion effect.E)terms of trade gain.20.The efficiency case made for free trade is that as trade distortions such as tariffs ar e dismantledand removed,A) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national economic welfare will decreaseB) government tariff revenue will decrease, and therefore national econo mic welfare will increase.C) deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, henceincreasin g national economic welfare.D)deadweight losses for producers and consumers will decrease, hence decreasing na tional economic welfare.E)government tariff revenue will increase, hence increasing national economic welfar e.21.Which organization determines procedures for the settlement of international trade disputes?A)World BankB)World Trade OrganizationC)International Monetary OrganizationD)International Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentE)The League of Nations22.Today U.S. protectionism is concentratedin A) high-tech industries.B) labor-intensive industries.C) industries in which Japan has a comparative advantage.D)computer intensive industries.E)capital-intensive industries.23.The quantitative importance of U.S. protection of the domestic clothing industryis best explained by the fact thatA)this industry is an important employer of highly skilled labor.B)this industry is an important employer of low skilled labor.C)most of the exporters of clothing into the U.S. are poor countries.D)this industry is a politically well organized sector in the U.S.E)the technology involved is very advanced.欢迎下载1124.The optimum tariff is most likely to applyto A) a small tariff imposed by a small country.B) a small tariff imposed by a large country. C)a large tariff imposed by a small country. D) alarge tariff imposed by a large country. E) anad valorem tariff on a small country.25.The median voter modelA)works well in the area of trade policy.B)is not intuitively reasonable.C)tends to result in biased tariff rates.D)does not work well in the area of trade policy.E)is not widely practiced in the United States.欢迎下载12。

国际经济学试题及答案一、选择题1. 国际经济学研究的核心问题是什么？A. 国内经济政策B. 国际贸易与投资C. 国际货币体系D. 国际政治关系答案：B2. 根据比较优势理论，一个国家应该专门生产并出口什么？A. 其资源最丰富的商品B. 其生产成本最低的商品C. 其技术最先进的商品D. 其劳动力成本最低的商品答案：B3. 以下哪项不是贸易保护主义的措施？A. 关税B. 配额C. 出口补贴D. 进口许可证答案：C二、简答题1. 简述绝对优势理论的基本内容。

答案：绝对优势理论由亚当·斯密提出，主张一个国家应该生产并出口其生产效率最高的商品，进口其生产效率最低的商品。

该理论认为，即使一个国家在所有商品的生产上都没有绝对优势，它仍然可以通过专业化生产效率相对较高的商品来获得贸易利益。

2. 什么是国际收支平衡表？答案：国际收支平衡表是一个记录一个国家与其他国家之间所有经济交易的统计报表。

它包括经常账户、资本和金融账户以及官方储备账户。

经常账户记录商品和服务的交易，资本和金融账户记录资本流动和金融资产的交易，官方储备账户记录中央银行的外汇储备变动。

三、论述题1. 论述汇率变动对国际贸易的影响。

答案：汇率变动对国际贸易有重要影响。

当一个国家的货币升值时，其出口商品在国际市场上的价格上升，竞争力下降，导致出口减少；同时，进口商品的价格下降，国内消费者更倾向于购买外国商品，导致进口增加。

相反，当一个国家的货币贬值时，其出口商品的价格下降，竞争力增强，促进出口；进口商品的价格上升，抑制进口。

此外，汇率变动还会影响跨国公司的投资决策，因为投资成本和收益会随着汇率变动而变化。

2. 分析全球化对发展中国家的影响。

答案：全球化为发展中国家带来了机遇和挑战。

机遇方面，全球化促进了资本、技术和信息的流动，为发展中国家提供了更多的市场机会和投资机会，有助于提高生产效率和经济增长。

挑战方面，全球化加剧了国际竞争，对发展中国家的产业和就业产生压力，可能导致收入差距扩大。

《国际经济学》模拟试题及参考答案（一）一、名词解释（每小题5 分，共20 分）1.要素禀赋2.倾销3.黄金输送点4.三元悖论二、单项选择题：从下列每小题的四个选项中，选出一项正确的，将其标号填在题后的括号内。

（每小题2 分，共20 分）2.根据相互需求原理，两国均衡的交换比例取决于（）A 两国的绝对优势B 两国的比较优势C 两国的相对需求强度D 两国的要素禀赋3.在当今的国际贸易格局中，产业内贸易更容易发生于（）A 发展中国家与发达国家B 发达国家与发达国家C 发展中国家与发展中国家D 发展中国家和最不发达国家4.课征关税会增加生产者剩余，减少消费者剩余，社会总福利的变化将（）A 上升B 降低C 不变D 不确定5.以下选项中，哪个选项不属于国际收支统计中居民的概念？（）A 外国企业B 非盈利机构C 国际经济组织D 政府7.布雷顿森林体系创立了（）A 以英镑为中心的固定汇率制度B 以美元为中心的固定汇率制度C 以英镑为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度D 以美元为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度8.在下列投资方式中，属于国际间接投资的是（）A 在国外设立分公司B 在国外设立独资企业C 在国外设立合资企业D 购买国外企业债券9.经济非均衡的无形传导方式不包括（）A 技术转让B 信息交流C 信息回授D 示范效应10.在斯图旺表中第三象限表示（）A 通货膨胀与国际收支顺差并存B 衰退与国际收支顺差并存C 衰退与国际收支逆差并存D 通货膨胀与国际收支逆差并存三、判断正误题：正确的命题在括号里划"√"，错误的命题在括号里划"×"。

（每小题2 分，共20 分）1.亚当。

斯密的绝对利益学说和大卫•李嘉图的比较利益学说都是从劳动生产率差异的角度来解释国际贸易的起因。

（）2.出口的贫困化增长现象是一种普遍存在的现象，几乎所有国家都曾出现过，并且很难避免。

（）3.国际贸易与国内贸易有相同的起因和特征，彼此之间不存在本质上的差别。

国际经济学考试试题完美版,含答案.全国2007年4⽉⾼等教育⾃学考试国际经济学试题课程代码00140⼀、单项选择题25⼩题1分25分在每⼩题列出的四个备选项中只有⼀个是符合题⽬要求的错选、多选或未选均⽆分。

1.从⼗五世纪初到⼗⼋世纪中叶AA.重商主义B.重农主义C.重⾦主义D.货币主义2.采取进⼝替代战略的国家不倾向使⽤的政策是DA.对进⼝关税设置壁垒B.对⾮关税设置障碍C.对外汇实⾏管制D.对本国货币低估对外价值3.相对技术差异论的提出者是BA.斯密B.李嘉图C.奥林D.赫克歇尔4.关税与贸易总协定进⾏了多轮多边贸易谈判CA.⽇内⽡回合B.东京回合C.乌拉圭回合D.安纳西回合5.世界贸易组织成⽴于CC.1995年D.1996年6.⼀般⽽⾔不属于外汇市场主要参与者的是DA.商业银⾏B.中央银⾏C.外贸公司D.居民个⼈7.国际收⽀平衡表中最重要的收⽀差额是DA.官⽅结算差额B.商品贸易差额C.基本收⽀差额D.经常项⽬差额8.国际收⽀调整的重要基础理论是CA.调整论B.货币论C.弹性论D.平衡论9.从总体上看产品的需求弹性的绝对值将AA.⼤于1B.⼩于1C.等于1D.不确定10.在开放经济条件下c=0.6s=0.3考虑政府的财政收⼊部分CA.10/9B.5/3C.5/211.下列属于⾮关税壁垒的措施是DA.反倾销税B.反补贴税C.进⼝附加税D.国内最低限价12.最佳关税来源于BA.进⼝国⼚商B.出⼝国⼚商C.第三国出⼝⼚商D.第三国进⼝⼚商13.20世纪90年代东南亚⾦融危机爆发的最直接原因是AA.泰国宣布放弃盯住汇率制度B.韩国财团破产C.⾹港股市⼤跌D.⽇本经济⼤幅下滑14.特别提款权实质上是⼀种DA.货币B.基⾦C.债权D.记帐单位15.国际收⼊调整的货币理论中的价格—铸币流动机制提出者是CA.亚当·斯密B.保罗·克鲁格曼C.⼤卫·休谟D.彼得·凯恩16.在⽐较利益模型中CA.在两国贸易前的国内⽐价线之上C.在两国贸易前的国内⽐价线之间D.与两国贸易前的国内⽐价线相同17.⼀A.出⼝⽅式B.直接投资⽅式C.发放许可证⽅式D.间接投资⽅式18.巴格⽡蒂等经济学家提出对希望移居外国的本国居民征收⼀部分税费AA.可使移民的移出国获得某种补偿B.可补偿移出国的商品出⼝C.可补偿本国劳动⼒收⼊D.可补偿公共设施的不⾜19.重叠需求贸易理论从需求的⾓度对产业内贸易加以概括和解释出了重要贡献。

国际经济学试卷及答案．第 2 页共 25 页试卷(A)国际经济学一、选择题（2x15=30，每题只有一个正确答案）1、如果dx、sx、dm和sm分别代表出口产品的需求弹性、出口产品的供给弹性、进口产品的需求弹性和进口产品的供给弹性，则马歇尔—勒纳条件用公式表示为（）A．｜dx+dm｜>1 B．｜dx+sx｜>1C．｜dm+sm｜>1 D．｜sx+sm｜>12. “贫困化增长”的一个必要条件为：（）A．国家的增长偏向于出口产业。

B．外国对该国的出口需求具有价格弹性。

C．国家的消费偏好高度偏向于出口商品。

D．贸易在国民经济中比重不大。

3、从国际贸易对生产要素收入分配的短期影响来看，自由贸易会导致（）A．生产进口竞争品部门使用的专门生产要素收入水平提高B．生产进口竞争品部门使用的共同生产要]键入文字[第 3 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 4 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 5 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 6 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 7 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 8 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 9 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 10 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 11 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 12 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 13 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 14 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 15 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 16 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 17 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 18 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 19 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 20 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 21 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 22 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 23 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 24 页共 25 页]键入文字[第 25 页共 25 页]键入文字[。

一、简述题1、简述技术差距模型和产品周期理论。

（一）技术差距模型技术差距模型由波斯纳（Posner）于1961年在《国际贸易和技术变化》一文中提出。

波斯纳认为技术差距是国家间开展贸易的一个重要原因，一国的技术优势使其在获得出口市场方面占有优势，当一国创新某种产品成功后，在国外掌握该项技术之前产生了技术领先差距，因此可出口技术领先产品。

但因新技术会随着专利权转让、技术合作、对外投资、国际贸易等途径流传到国外，当一国创新的技术为外国模仿时，外国即可自行生产而减少进口，创新国渐渐失去该产品的出口市场，因技术差距产生的国际贸易逐渐压缩。

随着时间的推移，新技术最终将被技术模仿国掌握，使技术差距消失。

贸易即持续到技术模仿国能够生产出满足其对该产品的全部需求的时候。

由于技术差距产生的贸易格局是：技术创新的发达国家出口创新产品，进口传统产品；落后国家进口创新产品，出口传统产品。

（二）弗农的产品生命周期理论1966 年哈佛大学教授雷蒙德�弗农（Raymand Vernon，1966）在《产品周期中的国际贸易和国际投资》一文中提出了产品生命周期理论，而后威尔士（Wells）又进行了扩展，具体而深刻地论证了“技术决定国际贸易格局”的观点。

弗农把国家依次分成创新国（一般为最发达国家）、次发达国家、发展中国家。

把产品生命周期分为三个阶段，即新产品阶段，成熟产品阶段和标准化产品阶段。

在新产品阶段，创新国利用其拥有的垄断技术优势，开发新产品，由于产品尚未完全成型，技术上未加完善，加之竞争者少，国内市场就能满足其摄取高额利润的要求等，产品极少出口到其他国家，绝大部分产品都在国内销售。

而在成熟产品阶段，由于创新国技术垄断和市场垄断地位的打破，竞争者增加，市场竞争激烈，替代产品增多，产品的附加值不断降低，企业越来越重视产品成本的下降，拥有较低的成本的企业开始处于越来越有利的地位，且创新国和次发达国家市场开始出现饱和，为降低成本，抑制国内外竞争者，企业纷纷到发展中国家投资建厂。

国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题（每题1分）：第一章：1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础，讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。

2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品（或部门）和两种要素。

3、在完竞争的假设前提下，封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。

4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。

5、贸易后，国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定，国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。

6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分：来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。

7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开：国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。

第二章：1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；李嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。

3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

4、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

6、在李嘉图模型中，生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式，表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。

7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

8、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

9、机会成本概念表明：彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。

选择题：1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是： C、A、李嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章：1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的，后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。

2、要素禀赋理论由H-O定理、要素价格均等化定理和罗伯津斯基定理、斯托伯-萨缪尔森定理等构成3、要素价格均等化理论指出国际贸易通过商品价格的均等化会导致要素价格的均等化，从而在世界范围实现资源的最佳配置。

国际经济学试题及答案国际经济学试题一. 单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)在每小题列出的四个选项中只有一个选项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。

1、从十五世纪初到十八世纪中叶，在国际贸易和国际投资理论方面占主导地位的是( A )A、重商主义B、重农主义C、重金主义D、自由放任主义2、绝对技术差异论的提出者是( A )A、斯密B、李嘉图C、奥林D、魁奈3、消费者对差异产品的追求与现代化大生产追求规模经济相互矛盾，其解决途径是( D )A、国际投资B、国际技术转让C、国际融资D、国际贸易4、世界贸易组织的基本目标是( C )A、贸易适度保护B、关税稳定C、贸易自由化D、贸易公平5、以下几种外币资产中，不是外汇的是( C )A、美元B、英镑C、港元D、越南盾6、在发展中国家利用外资的主要渠道中，不需要偿还的引资方式是( D )A、官方贷款B、发行债券C、银行贷款D、外商直接投资7、在下列投资方式中，属于国际直接投资的是（D）A.购买外国政府债券B.购买外国企业债券C.向外国企业提供商业贷款D.在国外开设合资企业8、赫克歇尔一俄林模型认为国际贸易的根本原因是（A）A.各国生产要素禀赋不同B.各国劳动生产率不同C.各国技术水平不同以D.各国产品技术含量不同9、属于非关税壁垒的措施是（D）A.反倾销税B.反补贴税C.进口附加税D.国内最低限价10、在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价( C)A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同11、比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是(A )A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异12、在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中，机会成本是(D )A.递增B.递减C.先递增后递减D.不变13、不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有(B )A.重叠需求理论B.要素比例理论B.规模经济理论 D.垄断竞争理论14、能反映规模经济理论本意的是(B )A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模成本递增15、下列不属于保护贸易学说的理论有(D )A.幼稚工业理论B.夕阳工业理论C.国防论D.资源禀赋论16、最佳关税水平应等于(B )A.零进口关税B.零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平C.禁止性关税D.禁止性关税以上17、下述哪一种不属于投机性外汇交易(D )A.双边套汇B.多边套汇C.套利D.套期保值18、下述几种货币中，哪一种是实行联合浮动的货币( D)A.英镑B.日元C.美元D.人民币19、劳动力在各国间的流动通常会使劳动力流入国( A)A.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率提高B.财政总收入增加，公共设施利用率下降C.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率提高D.财政总收入减少，公共设施利用率下降20、下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目(D )A.进出口B.利息收支C.直接投资D.特别提款权变动二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)在每小题列出的五个选项中有二至五个选项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。

第一章国际贸易理论的微观基础一、名词解释1、国际贸易的交换利益2、国际贸易的专业化利益3、国际均衡价格4、生产可能性边界5、开放经济6、封闭经济7、贸易条件二、是非判断题1、国际经济学是研究稀缺资源在世界范围内的有效分配，以及在此过程中发生的经济活动和经济关系的科学。

（）2、国际经济学是经济学的分支学科，是建立在微观经济学和宏观经济学基础上的。

（）3、国际经济学经历了重商主义、自由贸易和现代国际经济学理论多层面发展的三个阶段。

它是伴随着国际经济活动的不断增加而逐渐完善起来的。

（）4、与一般经济学的研究方法相同，国际贸易理论在分析上也分为实证分析和规范分析两种。

（）5、国际贸易理论分析不涉及货币因素，考虑各国货币制度的差异与关系的影响。

（）6、大多数国际贸易理论都是一种静态或比较静态分析，时间因素在国际贸易理论中较多体现。

（）7、没有贸易价格差的存在，就不会发生国际贸易。

（）三、单项选择题1、国际经济学在研究资源配置时，作为划分界限的基本经济单位是A、企业B、个人C、政府D、国家（）2、从国际经济资源流动的难度看，最容易流动的要素是A、商品B、资本C、人员D、技术（）3、若贸易的开展导致社会无差异曲线向远离坐标原点的方向移动，则判定贸易对该国是A、有益B、有害C、不变D、不能判断（）4、消费点在同一条社会无差异曲线上移动，表示整个国家的福利水平A、增加B、减少C、不变D、不能判断（）5、在封闭经济条件下，下列不属于一国经济一般均衡的条件的是A、生产达到均衡B、消费达到均衡6、国际贸易建立的基础是A、绝对价格B、相对价格C、不变价格D、以上三种都不是（）7、在封闭经济条件下，A国X商品的相对价格低于B国X商品的相对价格，我们称A国在X商品上具有A、绝对优势B、比较优势C、没有优势D、以上三种都不是（）8、一国从国际贸易中所获利益的多寡取决于A、市场占有率B、技术优势C、竞争优势D、贸易条件（）四、简述题：1、试用图形分析国际贸易的交换利益和专业化利益。

温馨提示：本复习资料仅仅适合于同学们系统性地完成“看教材”后的第二轮复习，绝对不能带入考场，凡带入考场的任何相关电子档或纸质档资料，一经发现，绝对上报学校，开除学籍！！要让别人相信你，请你先相信你自己，你是最棒的！！《国际经济学》复习资料（一）一、名词解释（每小题 5 分，共 20 分）1.要素禀赋2.倾销3.黄金输送点4.三元悖论二、单项选择题：从下列每小题的四个选项中，选出一项正确的，将其标号填在题后的括号内。

（每小题 2 分，共 20 分）2.根据相互需求原理，两国均衡的交换比例取决于（）A 两国的绝对优势B 两国的比较优势C 两国的相对需求强度D 两国的要素禀赋3.在当今的国际贸易格局中，产业内贸易更容易发生于（）A 发展中国家与发达国家B 发达国家与发达国家C 发展中国家与发展中国家D 发展中国家和最不发达国家4.课征关税会增加生产者剩余，减少消费者剩余，社会总福利的变化将（）A 上升B 降低C 不变D 不确定5.以下选项中，哪个选项不属于国际收支统计中居民的概念？（）A 外国企业B 非盈利机构C 国际经济组织D 政府7.布雷顿森林体系创立了（）A 以英镑为中心的固定汇率制度B 以美元为中心的固定汇率制度C 以英镑为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度D 以美元为中心的有管理的浮动汇率制度8.在下列投资方式中，属于国际间接投资的是（）A 在国外设立分公司B 在国外设立独资企业C 在国外设立合资企业D 购买国外企业债券9.经济非均衡的无形传导方式不包括（）A 技术转让B 信息交流C 信息回授D 示范效应10.在斯图旺表中第三象限表示（）A 通货膨胀与国际收支顺差并存B 衰退与国际收支顺差并存C 衰退与国际收支逆差并存D 通货膨胀与国际收支逆差并存三、判断正误题：正确的命题在括号里划"√"，错误的命题在括号里划"×"。

（每小题 2 分，共 20 分）1.亚当。

国际经济学习题集及参考答案一、填空、选择、判断题（每题1分）：第一章：1、国际贸易理论以微观经济学原理为基础，讨论世界范围内的资源配置问题。

2、最常用国际贸易模型的结构形式为两个国家、两种产品（或部门）和两种要素。

3、在完竞争的假设前提下，封闭条件下的相对价格是国际贸易产生的基础。

4、国家间的供给、需求方面的差异是造成相对价格的根源。

5、贸易后，国际均衡价格由两国的供需共同决定，国际均衡价格处于两国封闭下的相对价格之间。

6、国际贸易利益包括两个部分：来自交换的利益和来自专业化的利益。

7、贸易理论主要围绕三个问题展开：国际贸易的格局、国际贸易的条件、国际贸易的收益。

第二章：1、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；李嘉图的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

2、哈伯勒首先用机会成本概念来阐明比较优势论。

3、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

4、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

5、斯密的绝对优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的绝对差别；劳动生产率的比较优势论认为国际贸易的基础是各国之间劳动生产率的相对差别。

6、在李嘉图模型中，生产可能性边界线方程是一个线性方程式，表示A、B两国的PPF曲线是一条直线段。

7、重商主义者提倡的国家经济政策有：限制进口和鼓励出口，采取奖金、退税、协定和殖民地贸易等措施鼓励出口。

8、李嘉图认为在国际贸易中起决定作用的不是绝对成本，而是相对成本。

9、机会成本概念表明：彼种选择的机会成本就构成此种选择的机会成本。

选择题：1、首先用机会成本理论来解释比较优势原理的学者是： C、A、李嘉图B、罗布津斯基C、哈伯勒D、穆勒第三章：1、要素禀赋理论最初是由赫克歇尔和俄林提出的，后经萨缪尔森等人加工不断完善。

2、要素禀赋理论由H-O定理、要素价格均等化定理和罗伯津斯基定理、斯托伯-萨缪尔森定理等构成3、要素价格均等化理论指出国际贸易通过商品价格的均等化会导致要素价格的均等化，从而在世界范围实现资源的最佳配置。

国际经济学试题及答案⼀、单项选择题1.从国际经济资源流动的难度看，最容易流动的要素是（A）A.商品B.资本C.⼈员D.技术2.在⽐较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际⽐价（C）A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内⽐价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内⽐价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内⽐价之间D.与贸易前的任何⼀个国家的国内⽐价相同3.⽐较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动⼒是（A）A.劳动⽣产率的差异B.技术⽔平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异4.在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中，机会成本是（D）A.递增B.递减C.先递增后递减D.不变5.不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有（B）A.重叠需求理论B.要素⽐例理论C.规模经济理论D.垄断竞争理论6.能反映规模经济理论本意的是（B）A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模成本递增7.不改变贸易结构，只改变贸易规模的增长⽅式有（C）A.偏向进⼝的⽣产要素增长B.偏向出⼝的⽣产要素增长C.⽣产要素等⽐例增长D.悲惨的增长8.最佳关税⽔平应等于（B）A.零进⼝关税B.零进⼝关税与禁⽌性关税之间的⽔平C.禁⽌性关税D.禁⽌性关税以上9.世界贸易组织秘书处设在（B）A.⽇内⽡B.纽约C.布鲁塞尔D.乌拉圭10.在国际卡特尔订价中，当产品的需求弹性越⼩，卡特尔订价⽔平就（B）不确定D.越⾼ C.不变 B. A.越低）D11.下述哪⼀种不属于投机性外汇交易（套期保值C.套利 D. A.双边套汇 B.多边套汇）12.下述⼏种货币中，哪⼀种是实⾏联合浮动的货币（D⼈民币D. B.⽇元 C.美元 A.英镑）13.下述哪⼀种属于国际收⽀的事后项⽬（D特别提款权变动D. C.B.A.进出⼝利息收⽀直接投资）在分析货币贬值对贸易收⽀的影响时，⼩国所⾯临的供给弹性是（14.D ⽆穷⼤D.⼤于需求弹性C.⼩于需求弹性B.零A.15.发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是（C）A.固定汇率制B.浮动汇率制C.钉住汇率制D.联合浮动制16.在1997年东南亚⾦融危机中，最早出现⾦融动荡的国家是（B）A.印度尼西业B.泰国C.⽇本D.韩国17.劳动⼒在各国间的流动通常会使劳动⼒流出国（D）A.财政总收⼊增加，公共设施利⽤率提⾼B.财政总收⼊增加，公共设施利⽤率下降C.财政总收⼊减少，公共设施利⽤率提⾼D.财政总收⼊减少，公共设施利⽤率下降18.产业内贸易更容易发⽣于（C）A.富国与穷国之间B.类似的⾼⼿⼊国家之间C.发达国家与发达国家之间D.发展中国家之间19.根据相互需求原理，两国均衡的交换⽐例取决于（C）A.两国的绝对优势B.两国的⽐较优势C.两国的相对需求强度D.两国的要素禀赋20.以下选项中，那个选项不属于国际收⽀系统中居民的概念（C）A.外国企业B.⾮盈利机构C.国际经济组织D.政府21.布雷顿森林体系创⽴了（B）A.以英镑为中⼼的固定汇率制度B.以美元为中⼼的固定汇率制度C.以英镑为中⼼的有管理的浮动汇率制度D.以美元为中⼼的有管理的浮动汇率制度22.以下选项中，属于国际间接投资的是（D）A.在外国设⽴分公司B.在国外设⽴独资企业C.在国外设⽴合资企业D.购买国外企业债券23.经济⾮均衡的⽆形传导⽅式不包括（D）A.技术转让B.信息交流C.信息回授D.⽰范效应24.在斯图旺表中第三象限表⽰（C）A.通货膨胀与国际收⽀顺差并存B.衰退与国际收⽀顺差并存C衰退与国际收⽀逆差并存D.通货膨胀与国际收⽀逆差并存25.下列哪个不是国际经济学研究的内容（D）A.国际贸易纯理论研究B.外汇理论研究C.跨国公司研究D.国内消费⽔平研究26.关于出⼝贫困化增长，下列命题不正确的是（D）A.出⼝的贫困化增长的根源在于贸易条件的恶化出⼝的贫困化增长不是⼀种普遍的现象B.C.出⼝的贫困化增长会降低本国的福利⽔平D.出⼝的贫困化增长是经济发展过程中的⼀种必然现象27.产品的⽔平差异是指（D）A.采⽤新技术制造的新产品带来的差异B.产品质量⽅⾯的差异C.同质产品D.商品由于相同属性的不同组合⽽产⽣的差异性28.货币的含⾦量之⽐⼜称（B）A.购买⼒平价B.铸币平价C.铸币数量D.铸币本位29.从国际经济学的⾓度来考察，构成经济活动的基本单位或⾏为主体是（D）A.企业B.居民户C.家庭D.国家30.布雷顿森林体系规定，美元与其挂钩的是（C）A.特别提款权B.⼀揽⼦货币C.黄⾦D.⽩银31.下列选项中不属于⽐较利益学说的假设是（B）A.以劳动价值论为基础B.要素是完全流动的C.要素和产品市场都是完全竞争的D.收⼊分配不受贸易影响32.以下选项中，哪个选项不属于⾦融账户的内容（C）B.其他投资和储备资产C.债务减免D.直接投资(A)33.国际经济⼀体化组织的建⽴对各成员国产⽣的静态影响包括贸易转向和B.贸易创造和⼤市场效应C.A．贸易创造和贸易转向⼤市场效应和竞争效应竞争效应D.⼆、多项选择题）1.下列属于⾮关税壁垒措施的有（ABCDEA.⾃愿出⼝限制歧视性的公共采购B.对外贸易的国家垄断C.进⼝许可证技术和卫⽣检疫标准D.E.）以下哪些组织形式属于国际经济⼀体化组织（ABCD 2.共同市场C. A.⾃由贸易区 B.关税同盟北约D.经济联盟 E.）3.ABCDE制订⼀个最佳的国际卡特尔产品价格，所需考虑的影响因素有（卡特尔市场占有率 B.产品收⼊弹性 A.卡特尔产品的需求弹性D.C.⾮卡特尔⼚商产品的供给弹性⾮卡特尔的市场份额E.）ABC4.基本项⽬收⽀差额包括（资本项⽬收⽀C.服务贸易收⽀B.商品贸易收⽀A.D.官⽅结算收⽀E.⾦融资产变动项⽬收⽀5.⼀国在实现外部平衡的过程中，可供选择的政策措施有（ABCDE）A.融通资⾦B.外汇管制C.汇率浮动D.调整经济E.限制进⼝6.18世纪中叶，指出重商主义理论存在重要缺陷的经济学家包括（AD）A.斯密B.李嘉图C.马尔萨斯D.休谟7.新古典国际贸易理论主要包括（ABCD）A.H-O理论B.S-S理论C.H-O-S理论D.R理论E.⽐较优势理论8.⼀国实⾏对外开放后，从打破国内垄断中可以获得的利益包括（ABCDE）A．消费者享受较低的国际价格B.企业产量不断增加C.本国福利⽔平提⾼D.形成公平的竞争格局E.企业竞争⼒增强9.发展中国家尚不成熟的主要表现有（ABCD）A.⼀级市场融资渠道不畅B.银⾏系统受政府严格控制C.⼈为控制的贷款利息率⽔平D.“⿊市”的存在E.没有投机活动10.国际收⽀调整的重要基础理论是（BCD）A.调整论B.货币论C.弹性论D.平衡论11.国际收⽀不平衡的类型有（ABDE）A．周期性不平衡B.结构性不平衡C.货币性不平衡D.价格性不平衡E．收⼊性不平衡12.⾃由贸易将会对不同部门⽣要素的收⼊产⽣不同的影响，其中包括（ABE）A.出⼝部门专门⽣产要素收⼊⽔平提⾼B.进⼝竞争部门专门⽣产要素收⼊⽔平降低C.共同⽣产要素收⼊⽔平上升D.共同⽣产要素收⼊⽔平维持不变E.共同⽣产要素收⼊⽔平⽆法确定13.货币贬值对国内吸收的直接影响包括（ABC）A.货币余额效应B.收⼊再分配效应C.货币幻觉效应出效应价格变动效应E.(ABC)14.下列关于共同市场的叙述正确的有实现了商品⾃由贸易A.B.成员国建⽴了共同对外关税实现了⽣产要素与服务的⾃由流动C.．成员国间需要在技术标准、税收制度、⾦融法规等⽅⾯加以协调D．15.下列经济交易中属于国际收⽀平衡表资本与⾦融项⽬统计的内容有（ABC）A.短期证券买卖B.票据买卖C.短期信贷D.利息收⽀16.国际收⽀弹性分析法的基本假定包括（ABCD）A.国内总体价格⽔平保持不变B.不存在国际资本流动C.汇率由货币当局控制且相对稳定D.汇率变动能够有效影响进出⼝的商品价格17.国际货币体系包括的内容有(ABCDE)A.汇率制度的确定B.各国货币的兑换性C.国际储备资产的确定D.国际收⽀的调节⽅式E.国际⾦融事务的协商和组织三、名词解释1.⽣产者剩余答：⽣产者剩余是指⽣产者愿意接受的价格和实际接受的价格之间的差额。