【BOOK8】Unit3 Inventors and inventions-2019届高三英语一轮复习基础知识(人教版选修8)

第6讲Inventors and inventions 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握动词过去分词的用法和功能；2.可以纯熟运用非谓语中的动词的过去分词。

一. 概述：分词分为如今分词和过去分词。

在句中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。

(一). 分词的作用：1、作定语（1）单个分词作定语，分词前置。

如：The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.A lost opportunity never returns.He is a retired worker.（2）分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。

如：The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The building built last year is our library.This is the question given.There is nothing interesting.（3）过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。

如：Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists2、作表语如今分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征，过去分词作表语多指主语所处的状态。

如：The film is touching.The glass is broken.She looked tired with cooking.He remained standing beside the table.3、作宾语补足语分词和不定式一样，在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。

Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and InventionsPeriod 1. ReadingI. Analysis of the teaching material（教材分析）1). Status and function(地位和作用)This lesson is the beginning of this unit. So if the students can learn it well, it will be helpful for students to learn the rest of this unit. The topic is about inventors and inventions, so it is easy to arouse learning interests of students and it will be also helpful to improve their spoken English. So this lesson plays a very important part in this unit.2). Contents (教材内容)This unit mainly talks about “Inventors and inventions”. It includes “The deference between invention and discovery”, “the procedure of an invention” and “the requirements of applying for a patent”. The reading part tells about how a girl succeeded in getting rid of the snakes in her mother’s yard without hurting them.3）Teaching aims (教学目标)(1). Knowledge objects: (知识目标)a) To grasp the important words and expressions.b）To hear, read, and use the main sentence patterns(2). Ability objects: (能力目标)a) To use the patterns to express their thoughts in the proper situation.b) To Improve the student’s reading ability, especially their skimming and scanning ability.(3). Emotion objects: (情感目标)a) By completing the task, the Ss increase their interest and set up self-confidence in science.b) To t each the Ss what is “science”, put the moral education in the language study.4）Teaching important and difficult points (教学重点和难点)Teaching important points：(1). Understand the passage by skimming and scanning.(2). Grasp the past participle as the Attributive, Predictive and Object Complement.Teaching difficult points：(1). Use their own words to retell the text.(2) Use the past participle freely to make sentences.教学反思巨野县实验中学：闫翠红2012.08.10在整个教学过程中应用了电子白板的录制、影音播放、插入、资源库、拖动克隆、拉幕、倒计时、聚光灯、书写、漫游、回放、界面转换等一系列强大的交互功能，这些功能使课堂教学密度加大，实现了师生互动，生生互动，资源互动，使教学具有高效性。

BOOK8 Unit3 Inventors and inventions(Warming up and Reading)Analysis of Teaching MaterialThis is the first lesson of this unit. The reading passage titled The Problems of the Snakes briefly describes the procedures of catching the snakes and how to apply for a patent . Such a topic is closely related to students’ life, thus it is very easy to arouse their interest in learning this lesson. Teacher should encourage students to skim for the general idea for each section, and scan for further understanding. In order not to let students feel much difficult, the teacher should deal with any language problems while they are reading. After reading, students are required to do the exercises in the each step to see how much they have understood the reading passage. The teacher can let them work in pairs or in groups to find the answers cooperatively, and then check their answers with the whole class.Analysis of the studentsAs the students of Grade Two, they have already grasped some useful words and structures to express themselves. Not only do the students have their communication skills, but also they are willing to say something in the class. In the meantime, they can develop independent learning ability as well as cooperative learning ability and realize the happiness of teamwork. Besides, this lesson may arouse the awareness of being an animal-lover . The students can also learn from the excellent qualities of the inventor and realize that it is not easy for an invention tocome out.Teaching and learning aimsKnowledge aims:1. Get the students to talk about how to apply for a patent.2. Let the students learn about inventions.Ability aims:Enable the students to describe the problem of the snakes and what has been done by the writer to solve the problem. Make them realize it takes steps to catch the snakes and it’s not easy to get a patent.Emotional aims:1. Help the Ss know about qualities an inventor has.2. Develop students’ sense of creativity.Process and methodsReading for main idea& specific information; summarizing, concluding, mind map，discussing and presenting.Task-based approach.Teaching key points and difficult points1．How to describe the problem of the snakes and what has been done by the writer to solve the problem.2．Learn how to meet the requirements of getting a patent.Teaching proceduresStep1. Lead-in1. Show the Ss pictures of different inventions.2. Look at the list and work out a suitable order.Finding a problem Doing researchThinking of a creative solution Testing the solutionDeciding on the invention Applying for a patent 【Purpose】Use pictures to bring in the topic. Make the students know about the procedures that an inventor goes through.Step2.ReadingTask1.PredictingSs are to predict the main content of the text according to the title and the pictures.【Purpose】Help the students get prepared for the reading.Task2. Match the paragraphs with steps.Task3.Skim the whole passage and get the main idea:The text tells the p_______ of the snakes , the p___________ of catching them and applying for a p______.【Purpose】This part helps students develop the ability to quickly obtain information and context of the text. Students can have a general idea of the text. Task4.Scanning for details1. Ss read the text and find the detailed information paragraph by paragraph.2. Ss are to read the text and underline the key verbs and adjs.3. Ss are to understand the procedures of catching snakes with the help of mind map.4. Ss are to finish the summary and consolidate by reading together. 【Purpose】Through the use of different reading skills, students can further understand the procedures of applying for a patent. These steps can improve students’ ability to access information through reading, and cultivate students' English thinking. Based on the text, students finish the summary in the form of filling the blanks. This exercise helps the accumulation of language expressions.Step3. Discussion1. Ss are introduced the qualities of an inventor has.2. Discuss with partners on how to describe the writer.【Purpose】S tudents’ group discussion helps them further understand the content of the text. It guides students to learn from the young inventor who owned a lot of qualities in particular.Step4.Homework1. Go over the whole passage.2. Retell the procedures of catching the snakes according to the key verbs.。

高中英语Unit 3 Inventors and Inventions人教版第八册Teaching aims:1.TopicTalking about inventors and inventionseful words and expressions:Discovery, patent, distinguish, product, power, perfume, cube, abrupt, abruptly, convenient, expectation, monitor, passive, criterion, valid, application, file, committee, bear, jam, mess, forehead, dot, tap, wire, straw, current, importance, helicopter, triangle, stable, practical, refrigerator, court, version.Expressions: call up, now and then, set about, in case, traffic jam, beaten track, dive into, set out, in truth, hang on, out of order, get through, ring back, ring off. 3. Functional items:making a telephone callHold the line, please.Hang on, please.Just a moment, please.I’m sorry, but this phone is out of order.I can’t get through. Sorry.He isn’t him right now.Can I ring back later?I’ll ring him up again.I must ring off now because…4. GrammarRevise the Past Participle.1.The Titanic is a sunk ship in the ocean.2.The book intended as a surprise to him was lost in the mail.3.He seems moved to tears by the film.4.If bitten by a snake, you should call for help.5.We left them caught in the storm.Teaching proceduresPeriod 1 ReadingStep 1. Warming upA. talk about inventions and discoveries.Ask the students to talk about the pictures with the teacher’s help, and then discuss the questions:What’s a discovery?What’s an invention?What’s the difference between a discovery and an invention?Which of these pictures show inventions?Guide the students to find out answers to the previous questions;An invention is something that is created by a human being, such as the lightning rod.A discovery merely makes known something that already existed in nature, such as the discovery on the New Continent by Columbia.B. the suitable order of the steps every inventor must go through before they can have their inventions approved:1. finding a problem2. doing research3. thinking of a creative solution4. testing the solution5. applying for a patent6. deciding on the inventionStep 2. ReadingTask 1: Ss scan the passage and try to get the main idea of each part:Suggested answers:Part 1 (para1): the discovery of the problem of the snakesPart 2 (2-3): the research on the approaches to solve the problemPart 3 (4-6): the attempts to catch the snakesPart 4 (7-8): the requirements of getting a patent.Task 2: Ss read the passage again and then finish Ex 1-3 on page 21-22.Period nguage learningStep 1. RevisionSs retell the text.Step 2. Language pointsExplain the following sentences:1.The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were products that might help me,but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.我设法做的第一件事是看看是否有能帮我忙的产品，但是好象只有一些用来捕杀蛇的粉末。

人教版高中英语选修八（Book 8 Unit 3)Unit 3 Inventors and inventions学校校报征集英语稿件,要求以“My favourite invention”为标题,描述你最喜欢的一种发明。

在所有的现代发明中,你最喜欢笔记本电脑(laptop),因为它重量轻,体积小,容易携带,随处可用,学习娱乐均可。

请根据以上内容写出征文。

My favourite inventionWith the development of science and technology, many new inventions make our daily life easier and more convenient.Among all the inventions, I like the laptop best. I think it is the most amazing invention in the 20th century. Laptops are light and small, making them easy to carry. With a laptop, we can work, study and entertain ourselves anywhere we like. A laptop can get to the Internet, which enables us to get the latest information whenever we want. Using a laptop, I can keep in touch with my friends and family through e-mails and QQ at any time and in any place.I think in the future, everybody will have his or her own laptop.1.文章体裁:说明文。

Book8 Unit 3 Reading Inventors and Inventions Teaching goals教学目标1. Target language目标语言a. 重点词汇和短语patent, distinguish, product, power, perfume, cube, abrupt, abruptly, convenient, expectation, monitor, passive, criterion, valid, application, file, rod, call up, now and then, set about, in caseb. 重点句子1. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.2. Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled.3. The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.4. Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everybody else’s.2. Ability goals能力目标Enable the students to describe the problem of the snakes and what has been done by the writer to solve the problem. Make them realize it takes steps to catch the snakes and it’s not easy to get a patent.3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students to learn how to retell the story and how to meet the requirements of getting a patent.Teaching important points 教学重点How to describe the problem of the snakes and what has been done by the writer to solve the problem.Teaching difficult points 教学难点Learn how to meet the requirements of getting a patent.Teaching methods 教学方法Task-based activities.Teaching aids 教具准备A recorder, a projector and some slides.Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式Step Ⅰ Revision1. Greetings2. Check the answers to the multiple choices in USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS.3. Ask some students to show the answers to the preview questions.T: Last period, you were asked to preview the text and answer the two questions. Did you get ready?Sample answers:1. The problem talked about in the text is how to catch snakes in the courtyard.2. The writer solved the problem in different steps. For example placing the frozen bowl and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl to keep it cool, freezing the bowl and ice-cubes again in the evening as the temperature was starting to cool and using a net used for catching fish.Step Ⅱ Pre-readingT: Problems can arise anywhere at any time. Now here is a problem of snakes. Look at the title of the reading passage. What can you guess about the content of the passage from the title? To answer the question you should try to predict the content of the reading material by reading the title and looking at the pictures in the text. The title of the text is THE PROBLEM OF THE SNAKES. Next, I’d like you to discuss this question with your partner. Then I’ll ask some students to report your work. Are you clear?After a few minutesT: Now who’d like to answer the question? Volunteer!S1: Let me try. Someone was once frightened at the sight of snakes, the brave and clever writer helped solve the problem of the snakes, as we can see from the picturethat she finally caught them with a net.S2: Judging from the title, I think the passage is mainly about the serious problem of the snakes around the house and how the girl made efforts to catch the snakes in the end.S3: The title tells us that the content of the text will be about different ways of catching snakes tried by the girl and her success in doing it.T: Very good! Now, let’s go on with Exercise 1 in the pre-reading. Inventing is a scientific activity. Every inventor must go through certain stages before they can have their inventions approved. Look at the list of the stages and work out a suitable order. S: The suitable order of the steps every inventor must go through before they can have their inventions approved:1. Finding a problem2. Doing research3. Thinking of a creative solution4. Testing the solution5. Applying for a patent6. Deciding on the inventionT: Well done! You’ve worked the order out. Now read the text and check the order you wrote above to see whether it follows the correct stages in producing an invention. First, you should skim the passage by reading the introduction, the topic of each paragraph and the conclusion.After a few minutes.T: How about your arrangement of the stages? Are they all right?S: I find the above steps are correctly arranged according to the text. At first the writer found the problem of the snakes, and then she made a study of the methods of catching them and thought of a creative and practical way to solve the problem. She then tested and improved the method before applying for a patent and whether there will be a decision on her invention remains to be seen.T: Quite right. Since you have got the general idea of the text, let’s go through the text again.Step Ⅲ While-readingGet the students to comprehend the passage carefully and accurately, and then divide the text into several parts and work out the main idea for each paragraph.T: Now, please read the passage carefully, divide the whole passage into several parts and find out the main idea of each part.Part I (Para.1): the discovery of the problem of the snakesPart II (Paras.2-3): the research on the approaches to solve the problemPart III (Paras.4-6): the attempts to catch the snakesPart IV (Paras.7-8): the requirements of getting a patentT: Now, please go through the whole text again and I’d like you to analyze the text in details. Discuss these questions on the slides.Show the following.1. What are the writing techniques of this text?2. What’s the main idea of the text?3. What should we learn from this text?4. What’s the writing purpose of the writer?Sample answers:1. In this text the writer puts forward the problem of the snakes, makes research and analyzes the problem, lists the steps of solving the problem according to the arrangement of ideas, and finally illustrates what is needed for getting a patent. By listing the creative steps she takes to catch the snakes without hurting them, the writer has efficiently recorded and narrated to the readers the beginning, the development and the final result of the incident clearly.2. The text narrates the problem of the snakes and presents the procedures of catching them and applying for a patent, from which we have got a better understanding of how to do scientific researches and how to apply for a patent. After learning, we know that it usually costs some time and continuous efforts in order to solve some practical problems in a scientific way.3. We can learn from the text the way of doing scientific researches and how to applyfor a patent. We can also learn that it takes an inventor great determination and persistence to achieve his or her ambition in life.4. The writer wants to inform us of the scientific methods to solve present problems so that we students can not only broaden the horizons but become more skilled in discovering and considering carefully the problems in daily life. We are also encouraged by the writer to be creative and hardworking as well as thinking independently.Help the students deal with the difficult language points in the text.T: Now, everyone, I wonder if you have any difficulties in understanding the text.S1: I have one question. I can’t understand the structure of the sentence in Para. 2 on page 20: The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. Would you please explain it and put it into Chinese for us?T: Sure. This sentence tells us the first step of the writer’s research on the problem of the snakes. The words the first thing is modified by an attributive clauses I tried to do and the words powders is modified by an attributive past participle phrase designed to kill snakes. The clause if there were products that might help me serves as an objective clause. 全句汉语意思：我设法做的第一件事是看看是否有能帮我忙的产品，但是好像只有一些用来捕杀蛇的粉末。