专题复习---介词（一）介词的含义：介词是一种虚词，是英语中最活跃的词类之一，主要用来表示时间、地点、目的、原因、程度和方式等。
在句子中不能单独作任何成分。
（二）介词的分类1. 简单介词。
例如：in, from, about, at, over, on, under, past2. 复合介词。
例如：without, onto, outside, within, into; inside3. 短语介词。
例如：because of, in front of, instead of（三）常见介词的用法1. 表示时间的介词的用法：1）表示“在何时”常用介词at, in, on。
（1）at 一般用来表示在某一具体的时间点。
例如：at seven 在七点钟at the age of 在……岁时at the beginning of 在……的开始（2）in 表示年、季节、月、周、上午、下午、晚上等。
in 2012 在2012年in summer 在夏天in October 在10月in a week/ in two weeks 在一周之内，在两周之内in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/ 下午/ 晚上（3）用来表示具体的某一天，如果专指某一天的上午、下午、晚上，要用on 例如：on Sunday 在星期日on Sunday morning 在星期日的早上on the morning of June 1st 在6月1日的早上on a cold winter night 在一个寒冷的冬夜状元典例1( )1.The earthquake which happened in Yushu ______ 14th April, 2010 was a big disaster.A. atB. onC. inD. to( )2.The car accident happened ______ a cold winter morning. Luckily, no one was hurt.A. inB. onC. atD. of( )3.The famous writer William Shakespeare was born ______1564.A. inB. onC. atD. of2）表示“在……期间”，常用介词during, from…to…。
（1）during “在……期间”。
例如：during the summer holiday 在暑假期间during the night 在夜间（2）from …to…表示“从……到……”例如：from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五from 7 o’clock to 9 o’clock 从7点到9点3）其他表示时间的介词，例如：before, after, since, for, until, by, past, to。
（1）She often reads newspapers after breakfast. 她经常早饭之后看报纸。
I’ll be free before 7 o’clock tomorrow. 我明天7点前会有空。
We have known each other since I was a little boy.They have lived here for ten years.(3)until (till)“直到……”，常用not…until…“直到……才……”，until后接点时间。
He will wait for me until 11 o’clock.They didn’t stop until midnight.（4）by “到……前；截止到……”，常用于完成时。
He has finished his homework by 5 o’clock yesterday afternoon.We had learned eight hundred words by the end of last week.状元典例It’s said he stayed there quietly _____ two o’clock that afternoon.A. onB. atC. untilD. byten past two 2:10ten to two 1:50注意：在this, that, last, next, every 等词前不加介词。
例如： last night 昨天晚上 this morning 今天早上 2. 表示地点，方位的介词的用法 1in Shanghai 在上海 in the south 在南方 at the gate 在大门口 at the end of the road 在路的尽头The lamp is over the table. 灯在桌子的正上方。
The heaven is above us.苍天在上。
The temperature will stay above zero in the day-time, but at nightit will fall below zero again.白天的气温在零度以上，但是到了晚上气温会降到零度以下。
Infront of 在……前面指一个物体在另一个物体的前方。
A is in front of B.in thefront of 在……前部指一个物体包含在另一个物体的内部的前方。
A is in the front of B.She stood before her teacher, not knowing what to say.There is a big tree in front of the classroom.There is a desk in the front of the classroom.教室的前部有一张桌子。
（桌子包含在教室里）状元典例—Why are you standing there, Maggie?—I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting ______ me.A. behindB. in front ofC. besideD. next to5)between, among & in the middle of词义用法between “在……之间”常指“两者之间”。
among “在……中间”指“三者或三者以上”的同类事物之间。
in the middle of “在……中间”强调在一处地方的中心或中心附近的位置I couldn’t find him among the crowd. 我在人群中找不到他。
There is a big sofa in the middle of the house. 在房子的中间有一张大沙发。
7) near, by, beside & aroundnear “在……附近”（有一定的距离）by “在……旁”（相对距离较近）beside “在……旁边”around “在……周围”The children are playing near the river.孩子们正在河边玩耍。
（暗指孩子们与河有一定的距离）He is fishing by the river.他正在河边钓鱼。
（强调他与河距离很近）He sat in the chair beside the door.他坐在门边的一张椅子上。
The children gathered around the teacher.孩子们围在老师的身边。
8) outside & insideoutside “在……外面”inside “在……里面”He is waiting for me outside the room.There is something inside the box.3. 表示方位的介词的用法1) in, on & toBeijing lies in the north of China.北京位于中国的北部。
（北京包含在中国之内）Russia is on the north of China.俄罗斯在中国的北面。
（俄罗斯不包含在中国之内，但与中国接壤）Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东面。
（日本不包含在中国之内）状元典例11.People ______ the southwest of China were in great need of water a couple of months ago.A. inB. atC. toD. on2.The school gate is ______ the north of the classroom building.A. inB. toC. onD. at2) across, over ,through & past “穿过”If you see the green light, you can walk across the street.如果你看见绿灯亮了，你可以穿过街道。
The train ran through the tunnel. 火车穿过隧道。
I can jump over the fence. 我能跳过那座围墙。
We walked past the hospital. 我们从医院旁边经过。
状元典例It’s dangerous to run _______the busy road.A．across B. along C. through D. pastThe students walked out of the classroom when the class was over.She poured some water into the glass.He likes writing letters in English. 他喜欢用英语写信。
He likes writing with a pen.=He likes writing in ink. 他喜欢用钢笔写东西。
The girl in red is my best friend. 穿红色衣服的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
状元典例1( )1.—Would you like some coffee?—Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee ______ milk.A. withB. toC. ofD. on( )2.We shouldn’t go to school _______ breakfast. It’s bad for our health.A. withB. afterC. withoutD. by( )3.Lin Lin often practices English ______chatting with her American friend.A. inB. byC. forD. with二、难点聚焦He told some stories about this city.2.My grandmother is over 70 years old.我的奶奶70多岁了。
