九年级英语1-3单元复习
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新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳及习题(最新)Unit 1 How can we become good learners?一.短语总结:1. good learners 优秀的学习者2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习3. study for a test 备考4.have conversations with 与……交谈5.speaking skills 口语技巧6.a little 有点儿7.at first 起初;起先8.the secret to......,.......的秘诀9.because of 因为10.as well 也11.look up (在词典中等)查阅;抬头看12.so that 以便,为了13.the meaning of ……的意思14.make mistakes 犯错误15.talk to 交谈16.depend on 依靠;依赖17.in common 共有的18.pay attention to注意;关注19.connect ……with ……把……联系20.for example 例如21.think about 考虑22.even if 即使;尽管;纵然23.look for 寻找24.worry about 担心担忧25.make word cards 制作单词卡片26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助27.read aloud 朗读28.spoken English 英语口语29.give a report 作报告30.word by word 一字一字地31.so……that 如此……以至于32.fall in love with 爱上33.something interesting 有趣的事情34.take notes 记笔记35.how often 多久一次36.a lot of 许多37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力38.learning habits 学习习惯39.be interested in对……感兴趣40.get bored 感到无聊41.be good at 在……方面擅长42.be afraid of 害怕43.each other 彼此互相44.instead of 代替而不是45.read the textbook 读课文46.be patient 耐心点儿47.the secret to language learning 语言学习的秘诀48.body language 肢体语言49.look them up in a dictionary 在词典里查阅它们50.keep a diary写日记51.memorize sentence patterns 记句型52. make mistakes in grammar 犯语法错误53.bit by bit 一点点儿地;逐渐地e an English dictionary 使用英语词典55.write down key words 摘抄重点词56.Practce makes perfect. 熟能生巧57.after class 课后58.in class 在课堂上59.watch sports program 看体育节目60. a listening test 听力测试61.It serves you right. 活该。
2022-2023学年初三英语人教版Unit1-Unit3综合复习一、适当形式填空1.Take risks, learn from mistakes, keep (create), and never give up.2.Don't be nervous. Try your best and you'll pass the exam (easy).3. I think it's (fair) to judge a person before you really know him.4. It sounds like a (fascinate) story.5. Last night I met a beautiful girl (call) Li Yan.6. Mid-Autumn Day creates good (busy) for supermarkets and shops.7. I often practice (speak) English after class.8. (memorize) words and phrases is a good way to study English.9. Can you tell me how I can improve my (speak) English and (speak) skills?10. My son can't get the (pronounce) right. Can you be kind enough to help him?11. He refused (give) an apple to her.12. Linda said the moon (travel) round the earth.13. Lily took out some fruits and (lay) them out onthe table.12. (who) leaves the room last should turn off the lights.13. My grandmother has been (die) for five years.14. The father told the little boy not to talk with (strange) on the way home and to school.15. The host treated us with kindness and (warm).16.1. It's (polite) of you to shout at your parents.17. We are looking forward to (meet) you again.18. Your (suggest) are very you so much.19. Our head teacher requests us (obey) the school rules.20. It seems (rain). You'd better take an umbrella.二、单项选择( )1. —Do you know if Jimmy___to the party—I am not sure. But if he_____, I will give him a big surprise.es; will comeB. will come; will comeC. comes; comesD. will come; comes( )2. __________we have! There is dragon dance in the park.—Sounds great. We can’t miss i t.A.What good luckB. How good luckC. What a good luckD. How a good luck( )3.Just as the man________ the dove, it immediately flew away.A. shotB. shot toC. shot atD. shoot at( )4.______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. AnyoneB. The personC. WhoeverD. Who( )5.The boy______on the playground _______to me that he_________my coat on the grass.y; lying; had laidB. lied; laying; had laidC. laid; lay; had lainD. lay; lied; has laid( )6.---Have you read the novel Tiny Times ________by Guo Jingming ---Yes,I have .I like it very much and I can’t wait to read it again.A.to writeB. writesC. writingD. written( )7.-Would you please tell me the way to the Pacific Hotel --Go ______ the post office,and you’ll find it on the left.A.passB.pastC.to passD.passed( )8.Great changes _____________ in Tongren is the past five years.A.have happenedB.have taken placeC.have been happenedD.have been taken place( )9.-He is practicing ___________ English _________ he can win the speed competition.A.to speak ,in order toB.speaking,so that。
九年级英语Unit1-3单元复习教案(典型例题+巩固训练+课后作业)⼈教新⽬标版例:I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden. We found him in bed. He found the window closed.We found her honest.8. get + 宾语+宾补(形容词过去分词动词不定式)使某种情况发⽣例:Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦⼲净Get Mr. Green to come. 让格林先⽣进来I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修⾃⾏车You can’t get him waiting. 你不能让他⽼等着7. 常见的系动词有:①是:am 、is、 are ②保持:keep、 stay③转变:become、 get、 turn ④ ……起来 feel、 look、 smell、taste、 sound9. 动词不定式做定语①与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the firstto come.②与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with.I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in.10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词practice +doing sth 练习做某事She often practice speaking English.她经常练习说英语。
13.all、 both、 always以及every复合词与not连⽤构成部分否定。
其完全否定为:all---none, both---neither, everything---nothing, everybody---nobody.14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth.害怕 be afraid of being alonebe afraid to do sth.害怕be afraid that恐怕担⼼,表⽰委婉语⽓17.a,an 与序数词连⽤表⽰“⼜⼀”,“再⼀”。
人教版英语九年级unit1---3 单元基础练习题含答案Unit 11.His p___ is poor. I can’t understand his words.2.G___ is very important for learning English .3.This is a s___ between you and me. Don’t tell anyone else.4.They r____ their lessons before the exam last week.5.I improve my English speaking kills by practicing c_____ with friends6.Please read the text a_____, so all of us can hear you.7.With the money he saved, he build a_____ (化学) lab for himself.8.Books give me ____ ( 知识) and make me happy.9.I don’t know how to _____ ( 增加) my reading speed.10.Make ____ (句子) with this word, please.答案:1.pronunciation 2.Grammar 3.secret 4.reviewed 5.conversations 6.aloud 7.chemistry 8.knowledge 9.increase 10.sentencesUnit 2单词拼写1.Can you tell me the way to the station?I’m sorry.I’m a s_____ here myself.2.The radio s_____ the news as soon as it happened.3.She gave a contribution of 500p____ to the Children’s Hospital.4.I wish you a merry C____ .5.Someone s_____ her jewellery (珠宝) while she was away.6.He was a brave and cheerful man.We all a_____ his courage.7.I like to read the n_____ of Charles Dickens.8.We felt the ____ (温暖) of the sun .9.We chose her a nice birthday_____ ( 礼物) .10.This is my uncle, my only ___ (亲戚) in this city .答案:1.strange 2.spread 3.pounds 4.Christmas 5.stole 6. Admire 7.novels 8.warmth 9.present 10.relative词首字母写单词1.Mr.Brown has a small house with a beautiful g_____.2.Is anyone in the room? No,n____ is in.3.His uncle is a b_____ man. He has made much money.4.Don’t speak to the s____ on the way.5.How heavy is this bag? It’s about 25p_____.6.The thief was caught while he was s______ money.7.Do you usually eat _____(甜食) after meals?8.People celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival by____( 欣赏) the moon.9.I’m going ti Jinan to visit my ____(亲戚)10.Who breaks the rules will be _____(惩罚)答案:1.garden 2.nobody 3.business 4.strangers 5.pounds 6.stealing 7.dessert 8.admiring 9.relatives 10.punished Unit 3.单词拼写1.He r_____ his friend to go with him just now .2.The library is on the c_____ of Main and Center Streets .3.I live not far from the supermarket . It’s c_____ to go shopping .4.Can you tell me your E_mail a_____?5.Wash your hands in the b______ immediately .6.There are so many _____(选择) to make and I don’t know which hotel to book into .7.It is not ___( 礼貌) to interrupt a speaker.8.He feels the need for firm ______( 方向) .9.I ______ (建议) trying it once more .10.I don’t like the ____( 葡萄) because they taste sour.答案:1.requested 2.corner 3.convenient 4.address 5.bathroom 6.choices 7.polite 8.direction 9.suggested 10.grapes单词填空1.Collecting _____( 邮票) is my hobby.2.Don’t ____( 冲) .It’s very dangerous .3.Can you tell me your e-mail _____(地址) ?4.I _____(建议) putting off the sports meeting .5.He is a polite boy. He always answers questions p_____.6.My house isn’t far from school. It is c_____ to go to school for me every day.7.They wanted to buy some p_____ ( 明信片) for his families and friends on Christmas Day.答案:1.stamps 2.rush 3.address 4.suggest 5.politely 6.convenient 7.postcards。
Unit1howdoyoustudyforatest?一、语法过关1.Checkin:在旅馆的登记入住。
Checkout:在旅馆结账离开。
2.By:①通过⋯..方式〔途径〕。
例:IlearnEnglishbylisteningtotapes.②在⋯..旁边。
例:bythewindow/thedoor③乘坐交通工具例:bybus/car④在⋯⋯之前,到⋯⋯为止。
例:byOctober 在10月前 ⑤被例:Englishisspokenbymanypeople.3.how 与what 的区别:h o w 通常对方式或程度提问,意思如何,通常用来做状语、表语。
w h a t 通常对动作的发出者或承受者提问,意思为什么,通常做宾语。
①Howisyoursummerholiday?It ’sOK.(how 表示程度做表语) ②Howdidyoutravelaroundtheworld?Itravelbyair. ③Whatdoyoulearnatschool?IlearnEnglish,mathandmanyothersubjects. What ⋯thinkof ⋯?How ⋯like ⋯? What ⋯dowith ⋯?How ⋯dealwith ⋯? What ⋯likeabout ⋯?How ⋯like ⋯? What ’stheweatherliketoday?How ’stheweathertoday? Whattodo?Howtodoit? e.g.Whatdoyouthinkofthisbook?=Howdoyoulikethisbook? Idon ’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththematter.=Idon ’tknowhowIshoulddealwithit. WhatdoyoulikeaboutChina?=HowdoyoulikeChina?Idon ’tknowwhattodonextstep?=Idon ’tknowh owtetp o?doitnexts ㊣Whatgood/badweatheritistoday!〔weather 为不可数名词,其前不能加a 〕 ㊣Whatafine/baddayitistoday!〔day 为可数名词,其前要加a 〕 4.aloud,loud 与loudly 的用法:三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。
九年级上册英语1-3单元总结知识点1. 主题介绍在九年级上册的英语课程中,1-3单元是我们学习的重要阶段。
这一阶段的学习内容涵盖了词汇、语法、阅读、听力和口语等多个方面,对于我们打好英语基础、提高语言能力都具有重要意义。
在本文中,我将对这三个单元的知识点进行总结,以期对你的学习有所帮助。
2. 词汇在这三个单元中,我们学习了大量的词汇,包括日常生活中常用的词汇、动词短语、形容词和副词等。
这些词汇的积累对于我们表达思想、进行交流至关重要。
我们也要注意词汇的拼写和发音,以确保我们能够准确地理解和表达。
3. 语法在语法部分,这三个单元主要涉及了一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、一般将来时等基本时态的用法,以及名词、代词、形容词和副词的用法。
这些语法知识是我们构建句子、表达意思的基础,因此我们需要认真掌握,多做练习以加深理解。
4. 阅读在阅读部分,我们学习了一些生活化的短文和对话,通过阅读可以了解不同文化背景下的思维方式和表达习惯。
阅读也可以帮助我们扩大词汇量、提高阅读理解能力,对于学习英语来说十分重要。
5. 听力和口语在这三个单元中,我们通过听力练习来提高我们的听力水平,通过模仿和练习来提高口语表达能力。
这对我们日常交流和英语考试都有很大的帮助,因此我们要多加练习,积极参与课堂讨论和口语练习。
总结回顾在这篇文章中,我对九年级上册英语1-3单元的知识点进行了总结。
这些知识点包括词汇、语法、阅读、听力和口语等多个方面,对于我们打好英语基础、提高语言能力都具有重要意义。
在学习过程中,我们不仅要掌握这些知识点,还要灵活运用、勤加练习,才能真正提高我们的英语水平。
个人观点和理解在学习英语的过程中,我觉得最重要的是坚持不懈地学习和练习。
只有通过不断地积累和实践,我们才能够真正掌握英语,运用自如。
另外,多听、多说、多读、多写也是提高英语能力的有效方法,希望大家能够坚持下去,不断进步。
结语通过对九年级上册英语1-3单元知识点的总结,相信大家对于这一阶段的学习有了更清晰的认识。
Module 1Unit3Language in useⅠ、Teaching model:Revision and applicationⅡ、Teaching method:Formal and interactive practiceⅢ、Teaching ObjectivesKnowledge objective1.To review the key words, phrases, and sentences of M1.2.To learn to use different tensesAbility objective1. To understand and use different tenses2. To learn to describe places and experiences.Moralobjective.To learn about the wonders of China and the world. Love our country, be proud of our country.Ⅳ、Teaching importance and difficulty1.To summarise and consolidate the use of articles2. To practise the new vocabulary and expressions.V、Teaching methodPWP method, task-based methodVI、Teaching aidsA tape recorder, multimedia and some picturesⅦ、Teaching ProceduresLearning Aims(学习目标)1.To review the key words, phrases, and sentences of M92.To use articles3. To learn to read large numbersStep 1:Review the knowledge(知识回顾)1.师友互查1)Review the phrasesgo through, fall away, on top of, look over, look across, look down,get out of , join in, agree with, man-made, more than, millions of,in one’s opinion2)课文原句在现1. I got out of the car, went through a gate and walked along a dark path.2. I looked over them, but it was silentand there was no sign of it.3. I looked down to the Colorado River4. Finally, I looked to my left and to my right.5. The sun rose behind me and shone ontherocks.Farbelowme,thegroundfell away and down to a river.6. I remained by the canyon for a bout half an hour…7.Let’s callWonder of the Worldand join in the discussion.8.I think the Giant’s Causeway is the most fantastic natural wonder.9. I think Victoria Falls in Africa is even more fantastic.10. But in my opinion, man-made wonders are more exciting than natural ones.(友情提示:师友朗读,理解记忆。
九年级英语unit1----unit3复习测试题一.语音。
(选出发音不同的一项,共5分)()1 .A. tonight B. July C. sign D. early( ) 2 . A. tasted B. jumped C. catched D. surfed( ) 3. A. plant B. last C. farm D. camp( ) 4. A. wrong B. want C. water D. watch( ) 5. A. from B . postcard C. open D. close二.单项选择。
(共20分)1. I will never forget _______ her on a cold night ten years ago.A. to meetB. meetC. meetingD. met2. ---Do you enjoy ______ at the party ,Jim?---Yes, Mum.I enjoyed______ very much.A. yourself ,ourselvesB. yourselves, myselfC. yourself, myselfD. yourselves, ourselves3.____ of the two new books are interesting.A. AllB. BothC. AnyD. Either4. My mother often cooks _____ for usA. something deliciousB. delicious somethingC. anything deliciousD. delicious anything5. It ____ that Yu Mei has changed a lot.A. seemsB. seemC. lookD. seemed6. _____study in NO.4 Middle School?A. Did you used toB. Did you use toC. Do you used toD. Do you use to7. Don’t ______ about things so much .It will make you stressed out.A. afraidB. terrifyC. terrifiedD. worry8. When I was a child, I used to _____ chocolate.A. likingB. likeC. likedD. likes9. What makes it ____ up and down?A. moveB. to moveC. movedD. moves10. I always go to sleep _____ the light on.A. inB. withC. toD. and11. My brother has lots of trouble _____ math.A. to learnB. learningC. learnedD. learn12._____ should not be allowed to go out at night.A. twelve-year-oldB. twelve-years-oldC. twelve-year-olds.D. twelve-years-olds13. The birds ____ fly away last Sunday.A. let toB. is let toC. was letD. were let to14. The National Day is coming .We’ll have 7days____.A. onB. offC. upD. down15. I feel _____ cool to work out this problem.A. itB. thisC. thatD. its16. Six hours’ _____ not enough for teenagers.A. sleepB. sleep isC. sleeping areD. we sleep17. A _____ boy can drive? I can’t believe it.A. six years oldB. six-year-oldC. six-year-oldsD. six year old18. I usually spend a lot of time ____ books in my free time.A. readB. readingC. lookD. looking19. If you want to learn English well, please read aloud every morning .It really helps ____A. a lot ofB. a lotC. a littleD. little20. I saw our teacher ____with the headmaster.A. has talkedB. talkedC. talkingD. to talk三.用所给单词的正确形式完成句子。
Unit 1 What would you do?一、重点词和短语1. give it to charity 把它给慈善机构2. medical research 医学研究3. watch it grow 看着它上涨增值4. wear a shirt and tie 穿衬衣打领带5. what if 如果……将会怎么样6. get pimples 得了小脓疱7. speak in public 在公共场合说话8. give / make a speech 演讲9. in front of 在……前面in the front of 在……前部10. be in a movie 拍电影11. without permission 未经允许12. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人13. pretty/fairly confident 相当自信14. social situations 社会情况15. bother sb. 打扰某人16. not….in the slightest 根本不,一点也不not…at all 根本不,一点也不17. annoy sb. 使某人生气get/be annoyed at sb. 对某人生气18. plenty of 足够的,很多的19. get along with 与……相处20. be easy to get along with 容易交往/相处21. rather than 胜于A rather thanB A胜于Bwould rather do A than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B22. English speech contest 英语演讲比赛23. represent the class 代表班级24. come top 名列前茅25. let sb. down 使某人失望26. come up with 针对问题提出想法27. the rest of 剩余的……28. first-aid book 急救书29. have a lot of experience doing sth. 做某事有很多经验30. do with=deal with 处理31. come out 出版,发表32. by accident 偶然地;意外地33. cover sth. with sth. 用某物盖住某物be covered with sth. 被……覆盖34. press sth. hard 用力挤压35. hurry to do sth. 快速做某事36. get the medical help 取得医护帮助37. the burned area 受伤的地方38. (cold) running water (冰)自来水39. offer sb. sth. 提供某人某物40. talk to sb. about sth. 与某人谈论某事41. be dangerous of/doing sth. 做某事危险42. internet friend 网友二、重点、难点、考点及疑点注释1. If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie. 如果我是你,我就穿衬衫打领带。
九年级上册英语1到5单元知识点总结1. Unit 1: Best friends- Vocabulary: friendship,panion, trust, support- Grammar: present continuous tense, possessive pronouns - Topic: The importance of friendship and how to be a good friend2. Unit 2: English around the world- Vocabulary: bilingual, dialect, accent, globalization- Grammar:parative and superlative adjectives, adverbs of frequency- Topic: The influence of English as a global language and its variations in different countries3. Unit 3: Travel journal- Vocabulary: destination, itinerary, amodation, excursion- Grammar: past simple tense, past continuous tense- Topic: Sharing travel experiences, discussing favorite destinations, and describing past trips4. Unit 4: Great inventions- Vocabulary: innovation, breakthrough, patent, prototype- Grammar: reported speech, passive voice- Topic: Exploring the impact of inventions on society and discussing the process of innovation5. Unit 5: Health and well-being- Vocabulary: nutrition, fitness, well-being, hygiene- Grammar: modal verbs, conditional sentences- Topic: Promoting a healthy lifestyle, discussing the importance of exercise and balanced dietBased on the above knowledge points, it is clear that the ninth-grade English curriculum covers a wide range of topics from interpersonal relationships to globalmunication, from personal experiences to technological advancements, and from physical health to overall well-being. As a language, English not only serves as a means ofmunication but also provides insights into various aspects of life and society.In Unit 1, the focus on friendship highlights the importance of building and maintaining meaningful relationships. The vocabulary related to friendship emphasizes qualities such as trust and support, while the grammar lessons on present continuous tense and possessive pronouns enable students toexpress their thoughts and emotions more accurately. By incorporating these language elements into discussions about friendship, students are able to deepen their understanding of the topic and express themselves more fluently.Moving on to Unit 2, the exploration of English as a global language introduces students to the diversity of language and culture. The vocabulary related to bilingualism and globalization sheds light on the influence of English in different contexts, while the grammar lessons onparative and superlative adjectives provide a framework forparing and contrasting languages. Through discussions on language variations and the impact of globalization, students gain insights into the interconnectedness of the world and the importance of cultural exchange.In Unit 3, the travel journal serves as a platform for students to share their experiences and broaden their perspectives. The vocabulary related to travel and the grammar lessons on past tenses enable students to narrate their past experiences and plan future trips. By engaging in discussions about favorite destinations and travel itineraries, students not only enhance their language skills but also develop a sense of curiosity andadventure.Unit 4 delves into the realm of innovation and invention, offering students a glimpse into the world of creativity and problem-solving. The vocabulary related to innovation and the grammar lessons on reported speech and passive voice provide students with the tools to discuss technological advancements and their impact on society. Through debates on the pros and cons of various inventions, students develop critical thinking skills and an appreciation for human ingenuity.Finally, in Unit 5, the focus on health and well-being encourages students to reflect on their lifestyle choices and habits. The vocabulary related to nutrition and fitness,bined with the grammar lessons on modal verbs and conditional sentences, empowers students to advocate for a healthy lifestyle and express their concerns about public health issues. By engaging in conversations about the importance of exercise and balanced diet, students not only improve their language proficiency but also cultivate a sense of responsibility towards themselves and others.In conclusion, the ninth-grade English curriculum offers a richtapestry of topics that not only enhance language skills but also foster personal growth and broadened perspectives. By incorporating vocabulary, grammar, and topics that are relevant to students' lives, the curriculum provides an engaging and meaningful learning experience.As a writer, I personally find the integration of language learning with real-life topics to be highly effective in stimulating students' interest and fostering a holistic understanding of the English language. Furthermore, the emphasis onmunication skills and critical thinking in the curriculum equips students with the tools to navigate a rapidly changing world, both linguistically and intellectually.In summary, the ninth-grade English curriculum, with its diverse range of topics and language elements, not only prepares students for linguistic proficiency but also nurtures their intellectual curiosity and global awareness. Through the exploration of friendship, globalmunication, travel experiences, technological advancements, and health consciousness, students are not only equipped with language skills but also empowered to navigate theplexities of the modern world. This holistic approach to language learning is essential in nurturingwell-rounded individuals who are capable of engaging with the world in a meaningful and impactful manner.。
九年级英语一到三单元知识点Unit 1 How can we become good learners?一、重点单词。
1. textbook (n.) 教科书;课本。
2. conversation (n.) 交谈;谈话,常用于短语“have a conversation with sb.”(与某人交谈)3. aloud (adv.) 大声地;出声地。
区别于“loud”(adj. 大声的,常用来修饰名词,如a loud voice)和“loudly”(adv. 喧闹地,侧重于嘈杂、喧闹的声音)。
例如:Read aloud to practice pronunciation.(大声朗读来练习发音。
)4. pronunciation (n.) 发音;读音。
例如:His pronunciation is very good.(他的发音很好。
)5. sentence (n.) 句子。
6. patient (adj.) 有耐心的;n. 病人。
常用搭配“be patient with sb.”(对某人有耐心)。
例如:Our teacher is patient with us.(我们的老师对我们很有耐心。
)7. expression (n.) 表达(方式);表示;表情。
例如:Facial expressions can show our feelings.(面部表情能展示我们的情感。
)二、重点短语。
1. make word cards 制作单词卡片。
2. listen to tapes 听磁带。
3. ask the teacher for help 向老师求助。
4. read aloud 大声朗读。
5. have conversations with 与……交谈。
6. give a report 作报告。
7. word by word 逐字地。
8. the secret to... ……的秘诀。
例如:The secret to success is hard work.(成功的秘诀是努力工作。
Units 1-3 单元易错题整理2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语九年级上册(含答案)牛津译林版九年级上册英语Units1-3单元易错题整理一、单项选择1. —Look at the sign. It ______ “No smoking”.—Oh, sorry. I did not see it.A. saysB. writesC. showsD. tells2. —What does your father think of your school report this term—The smile on his face shows that he is ________ what I have done in my study.A. wake upB. set upC. angry withD. pleased with3. _________Jack ________Mary speak good Chinese, so they can communicate with us very well.A. Neither; norB. not only; but alsoC. Both; andD. Either; or4—Which of the two T-shirts will you take—I'll take _________. One is for my brother and the other is for myself. A. either B. both C. neitherD. all5. —Look! There are so many wild birds on the trees now after the longwinter days.—Yes. Many endangered birds are still _______ unexpectedly and now the forest is________.A. lively; livelyB. alive; aliveC. alive; livelyD. lively; alive6. People born _________ the same star sign or ___________ the year of the same animal sign may have similar personality.A. in, underB. under, inC. on, inD. in, in7. —Why don't you buy the camera,Mary—It's too expensive. I can't __________ it.A. sellB. lendC. keepD. afford8. Not only Jack but also his brother __________ to the Great Wall. They haven’t been back.A. have beenB. have goneC. has beenD. has gone9. I’m sorry. I won’t make _______ same mistake for _______ second time.A. a; theB. a; aC. the; theD. the; a10 The film Lost in Thailand is so interesting that we ______ praise it too much.A. cannotB. shouldn’tC. mustn’tD. needn’t11. The railway Qinghai to Tibet is the longest plateau (高原) railway in the world.A. connectedB. connectsC. connectingD. is connected12Mr Wu is really a good teacher. He spends as much time as he can _____ grammar rules for us.A. repeatingB. to repeatC. repeatedD. repeat13. It’s his brother ________ never been to Australia. You’d better take him with you.A. that isB. who isC. that haveD. who has二、词汇综合运用1. He ____________ (给……留下印象) us with his talk on Chinese history last year.2. The young men are trying to be_______________(先锋) in the field of high technology.3. If our school team members remembered team spirit instead of making _______(错误), they would win.4. Mr. Wang has made several_____________(演讲) in our school, so all of us are familiar with him.5. The black leather bag on the chair is one of those ____________(工程师).6 He gets angry easily. We often tell him not to be so_____________(patient).7. Do you know who is the most ,________________ (suit) person for the job8. He thinks himself _____________(practice). He says he can plan everything well.9. He gets angry easily. We often tell him not to be so _________ (patient).10. After more _______________ (miss), they finally put two arrows into the lion’s chest.三、动词填空1. Look at the note! It __________ (say) that Mum will not come back tonight.2. I think Millie will be a good chairperson. She never minds _________(do) extra work.3. How happy the students from different countries were ___________ (see) each other yesterday!4. -The heavy snowstorm made the mountain climber ________(stop) halfway.5. He asked me to wait for some time because he ___________(wait) for an important phone call.6. We must do as much as we can ___________(protect) the environment around us.四、完形填空Most people believe that people born under the same star sign share similar characteristics. 1 , it isn’t always true. I’ll tell you a story about the 2 brothers. Nick and Neil are twins. They were born 3 22nd December. They are Capricorn. According to the 4 about star signs, they should be both businesslike(干练)and 5 .To my surprise, their characteristics are quite 6 from each other. Nick is the monitor of Class 2, Grade 9 at Sunshine Secondary School.7 , he can finish the work arranged by his teachers on his own. When he is told to 8 a class meeting, he always prepares for it carefully, so the meeting is always 9 in the end. All of his teachers and classmates speak highly of him. He is not only a good student but also a good “ 10 ”. However, Neil 11 puts off(推迟)everything. For example, he always doesn’t 12 his homework on time. He often 13 his exercise books at home. What’s more, Neil never spends too much time doing the same thing. “Although I am always curious 14 the new thing, I don’t like to study it for a long time. That’s too 15 ,” Neil said.Are you surprised to read their story Can it change your opinion about star signs( )1. A. Even if B. However C. Whatever D. Instead( )2. A. twin B. double C. twins D. second( )3. A. in B. at C. on D. by ( )4. A. information B. importance C. key D. reason( )5. A. thought B. thinking C. thanks D. thoughtful( )6. A. difficult B. different C. similar D. same ( )7. A. Every time B. At times C. Some times D. Some time( )8. A. tell B. make C. organize D. create ( )9. A. success B. successful C. succeed D. successfully( )10 A. classmate B. leader C. teacher D. principal( )11. A. never B. seldom C. rarely D. always( )12. A. hand in B. hand out C. hand on D. hand back( )13. A. forgets B. brings C. loses D. leaves( )14. A. around B. to C. for D.about( )15. A. boring B. bored C. interesting D. interested五、阅读理解Use Common SenseThere was once a very wise man who lived in ancient times. He was elderly and educated.One day while on a walk, he realized that his shoes were starting to wear out(磨损,用坏). He knew he had to buy a new pair. But he didn't want to buy the wrong shoes. He gathered some books and spent a lot of time reading about how to know if a pair of shoes fits properly.Following the books' instructions, the man took a stick and measured(测量) his feet with it. He then went to the market. However, he left the stick at home, which was far away from the shop.By the time the man returned to the market, the shop was closed. And by that point, his shoes were totally worn out, so he had to return home barefoot.The next morning, he walked back to the market with bare feet but the shoes that he had chosen the day before had been sold. The wise man explained what had happened to the shopkeeper, who asked, “Why didn't you buy the shoes yesterday ”The wise man replied, “Because I forgot the stick that I had used tomeasure my feet back home. And you have to have the correct measurements of your feet before you can buy shoes. I didn't want to buy the wrong size. ”Even more confused, the shopkeeper asked, “But your feet are always with you. Why didn’t you just try the shoes on ”The wise man said, “All the books say shoes must be bought with the exact same measurements of the shoes you already own. ”Laughing, the shop owner replied, “You don’t need advice from books to buy shoes. You just need to have your feet, some money and some common sense not to complicate things. ”1. How did the man prepare to buy shoesA. He read lots of books about making shoes.B. He used a stick to measure his feet.C. He measured his worn-out shoes.D. He asked the shopkeeper for advice.2. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “bare”A. 裸露的B. 脏的C. 受伤的D. 跛的3. Why didn’t the man buy shoes the second time he went to the marketA. Because he didn’t know his measurements.B. Because the shoe store was already closed.C. Because he forgot to take his stick along.D. Because the shoes hewanted were sold out.4. What was the man likeA. He was old and poor.B. He was a real wise man.C. He was not well-educated.D. He had no life experience.5. What does the story teach usA. Books tell you everything you need.B. It’s necessary to get more education.C. Common sense can serve you well.D. Deal with complicated things in a simple way牛津译林版九年级上册英语Units1-3单元易错题整理一、单项选择1-5 ADCBC 6-10 BDCDA 11-13 CAD二、词汇综合运用1.impressed2. pioneers3. mistakes4. speeches5. engineers’6. impatient7. suitable8. practical9. impatient 10. misses三、动词填空1. says2. doing3. to see4. stop5. was waiting6. protecting四、完形填空1-5 BACAD 6-10 BACBB 11-15 BADDA 五、阅读理解1-5 BABDC。
人教版英语九年级unit1---3 单元基础测试题含答案Unit1 How can we become good learners一、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)(共15小题;共15分)1. The young singers all had clear English p .2. The e you use might depend on whom you are speaking to.3. We all know blue c the feeling of harmony.4. He was awarded because he took an a part in class activities.5. Don't drive too fast. Please drive at a safe s .6. Our country's economy(经济) is i rapidly.7. Books give us k and make us happy.8. Please listen to the tape and r what you've heard.9. The scientists haven't d any life on Mars yet.10. Speak a , please. I can't hear what you said.11. Our country has done something to stop populationi .12. I love collecting stamps because I can learn much k from it.13. Please r what you said just now. I didn't hear clearly.16. Scientists have d a new virus. It is very important to medical research.15. Please read a so that everybody can hear you.二、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)(共15小题;共15分)1. Doctors tell us that eating burnt food can (增加) the risk of cancer.2. The educational CD-ROM can help us learn a lot of (知识) about science.3. Would you mind (重说) your suggestions?I didn't hear it clearly.4. --- When did Columbus (发现) America? --- In 1492.5. Can you tell me the (发音) of this word?6. Wang Kai likes (物理学) best.7. Mother tells the children not to shout tooa (大声的) in the hospital.8. Linda is such a (耐心的) person that she never gets angry easily.9. We should take an (积极的) part in physical exercises.10. Her (能力) in dancing was noticed by her mother.11. It's said eating too much burnt food (增加) the risk of cancer.12. We get (知识) not only from books but also from our daily life.13. Please read these sentences slowly so that I can (重复) them after you.14. Who (发现) the American Continent?15. Goodness me! Your (发音) is very good.Unit2 I think that mooncakes are delicious一、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)(共15小题;共15分)1. We w the children not to walk on the thin ice.2. Sometimes bad news s faster than good news.3. Respecting the old and loving the young is a Chinese t .4. I paid one p for the flower in the underground.5. He dressed up as a Father C .6. We want to visit my friends and r at Christmas.7. The thieves were caught while s food from the supermarket.8. We like ice cream for d .9. The boy was happy when his parents went away onb .10. The man is p for his bad behavior.11. We have a party. All the r are coming here.12. A thief broke into the house and s many expensive things.13. Ice cream is my favorite d .14. --- What's the b hours of that supermarket?--- 8:30 a. m—9:30 p.m.15. Will you p your child if he makes mistakes?二、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)(共15小题;共15分)1. Don't forget to (赞赏) the baby.2. At Halloween, children will play a trick on their neighbours if they don't give them a (招待).3. The (温暖) of her smile made him calm down.4. We all agree that the driver who drives after drinking wine should be (惩罚).5. Did the doctor (警告) your father against smoking?6. He is someone that I can find it easy to do (生意) with.7. Celebrating the Spring Festival is an old (传统习俗) for Chinese people.8. The policeman arrested him because he (偷;窃取) a lot of money from the bank.9. I often miss my (亲戚).10. Are you quite shy when you speak with (陌生人)?11. Yang Liwei is my hero. I (崇拜) him very much.12. Can you tell me how foreign students are (对待) in your school?13. Many people like spring because they enjoy the (温暖) of spring.14. If you make mistakes, I will (惩罚) you.15. There are sharks(鲨鱼) in the water. Please (警告) the tourists about them.Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are一、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)(共15小题;共15分)1. --- Which d does your house face?--- It faces south.2. There is a mistake in the notebook; you shouldc it.3. P me, but what's your address?4. We think it's i to speak loudly to your parents.5. There's an u Dinosaur World in the museum.6. I saw some students r out of the classroom after class.7. Shopping online is c because you needn't go out.8. When foreigners ask you the way, we'd better tell them about it p .9. We can't find her because we don't know hera .10. The English program can s ways for us to take an interest in learning English.11. There was little time left, so we had to r to school together.12. I live in the center of the city. It is c for me to go shopping.13. You are a good boy and you should speak to the old people p .14. I want to send Jim a letter. But I don't know hisa .15. Look, the expression on his face s that something bad must have happened to him.二、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)(共15小题;共15分)31. John sits (在旁边) David in class.32. I live near the supermarket, so it's very (方便的) to go shopping.33. Could you please help me to (改正) my mistakes?34. People think it is (无礼) to talk loudly in public places.35. Henry, could you tell me your e-mail (地址)?36. Haikou is the (中心) city of Hainan Province.37. You can find a library on the (角落) of Main and Center Streets.38. You can park your car in the (地下的) parking.39. The birds in the tree flew in all (方向) after hearing the gunshot.40. We've got plenty of time; there's no need to (仓促).41. Would you mind putting the desk (在……旁边) the door?42. It is very (方便) to go shopping in the supermarket.43. Do you know the ( 正确的) way to the hospital?44. It's (无礼的) to say so in public places.45. Mary, would you please tell me yournew (地址) so that I can write to you? Unit1一、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)1. pronunciation2. expressions3. creates4. active5. speed6. increasing7. knowledge8. repeat9. Discovered10. aloud11. increase12. knowledge13. repeat14. Discovered15. aloud二、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)1. increase2. knowledge3. repeating4. discover5. pronunciation6. physics7. aloud8. patient9. Active10. Ability11. increases12. knowledge13. repeat14. discovered15. pronunciationUnit2一、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)1. warned2. spreads3. tradition4. pound5. Christmas6. relatives7. stealing8. dessert9. business10. punished11. relatives12. stole13. dessert19. Business15. punish二、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)1. admire2. treat3. warmth4. punished5. warn6. business7. tradition8. stole9. Relatives10. Strangers11. Admire12. Treated13. Warmth14. Punish15. warnUnit3一、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)1. direction2. correct3. Pardon4. impolite5. underground6. rush7. convenient8. politely9. Address10. suggest1. rush12. convenient13. politely14. address15. suggests二、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)1. beside2. convenient3. correct4. impolite5. address6. central7. corner8. underground9. directions10. rush11. beside12. convenient13. correct14. impolite15. address。
Unit 11. by + doing “通过……方式”如:by studying with a groupby 还可以表示:"在…旁", "靠近", "在…期间", "用,""经过","乘车"等如:I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o'clock.The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus.2.talk about 谈论,议论,讨论talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话如:The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。
3.提建议的句子:①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如:What/ How about going shopping?②Why don't you + do sth.? 如:Why don't you go shopping?③Why not + do sth. ? 如:Why not go shopping?④Let's + do sth. 如:Let's go shopping⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如:Shall we/ I go shopping?4.a lot “许多”,常用于句末如:I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。
5.too…to 太…而不能常用的句型:too+adj./adv. + to do sth.如:I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了,什么都不想说。
九年级英语单元知识归纳Unit1 How do I study for a test?一.语法知识。
1.动词不定式放于名词后作后置定语。
n. + to do.e.g 1)The best way to learn English is to read more English magazines.2) It’s our duty to keep our school clean.2.动名词短语作主语,谓语用单数。
e.g 1) Studying grammar is a great way to learn a language.2) Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.3) She added that having conversations with friends wasn’t helpful at all.3. have trouble/difficult doing sth. 做某事有困难。
e.g 1) She has trouble making plete sentences.2) I have some difficult learning English.4. find sb./sth. + adj. (形容词) 发现某人/某物…… (形容词作宾语补足语)e.g 1) She found watching movies frustrating.2) Many people find the puter useful.5. make sb./sth. + adj. (形容词) 使某人/某物…… (形容词作宾语补足语)e.g 1) Rainy days make me sad.2) The teacher always makes his lessons interesting and has madeus interested in his lesson.6. see. watch. hear.feel. notice. 等感观动词的运用。
九年级上册英语一至三单元知识点总结
一单元:
1.learn to use have to do sth,have got to do sth,have sth to do with
和have sth to do with 的用法。
2.掌握must,have to,should,could,might的用法。
3.学习现在完成时的结构以及动词形式。
4.学习掌握直接引语和间接引语的转换。
5.掌握情态动词的用法。
6.学会使用频度副词。
7.学会使用used to do sth和be used to doing sth的用法。
8.了解被动语态的基本用法。
二单元:
1.学习掌握动词不定式的用法。
2.了解There be句型以及其用法。
3.学习掌握祈使句的用法。
4.学习掌握表示建议和要求的句型。
5.学习使用情态动词。
6.了解表示转折的常用词语。
7.学会使用频度副词。
8.学会使用used to do sth和be used to doing sth的用法。
9.学习并掌握定语从句的基本概念和用法。
三单元:
1.学习掌握过去进行时的用法。
2.学习掌握过去完成时的用法。
3.学习掌握现在完成进行时的用法。
4.学习掌握现在完成时的被动语态用法。
5.学习掌握情态动词的完成式用法。
九年级英语unit1-3练习九年级英语1-3单元测试(一)Unit1一、单项选择(20分)1.Y ou can improve your English practicing more.A.byB.withC.ofD.in2. you read, you’ll be.A.More, fasterB.The most,the fastestC.The more, the fasterD.Most , fastest3..When you meet a new word,you can in a dictionary.A.look it upB.look it onC.look it overD.look it through4. they are poor, they are happy.A.Although, butB.Although, \C.Although, becauseD.If, but5. —What’s the of the car at present?—It’s about 70 kilometers an hour.A. placeB. speedC. priceD. mark6. --- I want to _______ whether there is a train for Qinghai Province next Monday.A. look forB. look upC. findD. find out7..Jenny found it very easy English well.A.learningB.to learnC.learnD.learned8.It was dark he stayed at home.A.so, thatB.too,thatC.very,thatD.such ,that9. — What did Tina say?—Sorry, I didn’t what she said.A. pay attention toB. get on withC. hold on toD. look forward to10.They had to get up early they could catch the early bus.A.as soon asB.becauseC.ifD.so that11.—do you have a meeting?—Every five days.A.How longB.How oftenC.How soonD.How far12.—Which dress do you like best?—Sorry, I can’t decide now.A.to buy which oneB.buy which oneC.which one to buyD.Which I should to buy it13.—What about going out for a picnic this afternoon?—Well, it all the weather.A.belongs toB.happened toC.depends onD.pays attention to14.We don’t know if it tomorrow. If it ,we won’t go on vocation.A.will rain,will rainB.will rain,rainsC.rains,will rainD.rains,rains15.We’ll go out to play it rains tomorrow.A.soB.ifC.becauseD.unless16— Why not listen to BBC news to improve your listening skills?—It’s difficult for m e follow.A. too; toB. so; thatC. such; thatD. so; too17.---How do you study for a test ?--- working with friends.A. ByB. WithC. OnD. At18.--- Do you have ________ to say?--- No, I don’t.A. important anythingB. anything importantC. important somethingD. something important1 9.—Y our ______ English is very good.---Thank you .A. speakB. speakingC. to speakD. spoken20.--- Peter has changed a lot, hasn’t he ?--- Y es, He used to _______ the guitar, but now he is more _____ in playing soccer .A. plays; interestedB. play ; interestedC. play ; interestingD. playing; interest二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
Unit1【解析】watch/read/see/look at ―看‖ 法不同(1)看电视、看比赛、看表演用watch; watch TV 看电视(2)看书、看报、看杂志用read read the book看书(3)看电影、看医生用see see the doctor 看医生see a film(4) 看黑板、看地图用look at look at the blackboard 看黑板【记】______the picture. Can you see the man in the picture?He isn’t ________the book. He is ______TV.( ) ____ the board , child! Read the words on it after me.【解析】ask for 请求,要某物(1)ask sb. for help 向某人请求帮助(2) ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事(3) ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事( ) ① If you have difficulty in learning English, you should ask your teacher or your classmates ___ help.A. forB. ofC. inD. on( ) ②The young should ___ the old ___ advice at work.A. ask; forB. ask; toC. asks; /( )Our teacher often asks us _____ questions in groups.A. discussB. to discussC. discussingD. discussed【解析】by/with/in/on ―用‖ 法不同◆by的用法:(1)by doing sth 通过…方式by studying with a group【注】介词短语作方式状语,回答以How开头的问句,表示―怎样做‖。
①I study English by ___________(listen) to the tapes②Tom learns Chinese by ____________(watch) Chinese movies.③ -- ____ did you get there? — By ___ a taxi.A. How; takingB. How ; takeC. How; tookD. What; taking(2) by+ 交通工具(交通工具前不能加限定词)by bike by train【by短语】by the way 顺便问一下by accident= by chance 偶然地by oneself 独自地by mistake 错误地one by one 一个接一个step by step 一步一步地by the time 到??为止by and by 不久之后by hand 用手by the end of 到.... 末尾1、The experts think that India’s population may be ____ than china’s ____2012.A. much; byB. more; inC. larger; byD. larger; on2、I go to school ___ bus every morning.A. inB. onC. atD. by3、Lin Lin often practices English ____ chatting with her American friend.A. inB. byC. forD. with4、I usually go to school ___ bike. but sometimes I go to school ___ foot.A. with; onB. on; byC. on ; withD. by; on— _____________does your brother go to work?— By bike.A. WhereB. WhyC. How◆with 的用法:表示用某种工具(1) with +工具We like to write with a pen.(2)with+人体部位We see with our eyes.◆in 的用法:通常与―衣着、声音、书写材料‖等名称连用in+语言in English 用英语speak in a soft voice◆on 的用法:on +电器或媒介on TV /radio/Internet( ) The boy was cutting a branch of a tree ____ a knife.A. inB. byC. withD. use 4. Do you learn English by watching videos?【解析】learn →learned/learnt→learned/learnt v 学习learn about 了解(1) learn from sb. 向某人学习(2) learn to do sth 学着做某事(3)learn....by oneself= teach oneself 自学①We should _________ ________ the hard- working students.(向...学习)( )② We should learn____ each other.A. aboutB. fromC. toD. for【解析1】用于提建议的句型有:(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ?.怎么样?(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢?(3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。
(4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做?好吗?(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事(6) Will/Would you please do sth 请你做?好吗?(7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗?(8)Would you mind doing sth?你介意做某事吗?【回答】(1). 同意对方的建议时,一般用:◆ Good idea./ That’s good idea. 好主意◆OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了◆ Yes, please ./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法◆ No problem 没问题◆Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以◆Yes, I think so 对,我也这样想(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时,一般用:◆ I don’t think so 我认为不是这样◆Sorry, I can’t 对不起,我不能◆I’d love to, but? ◆ I’m afraid?我愿意,但恐怕??①–What about _______(listen) to some English songs? -- It’s great .( ) ② Why not ___ your teacher for help w hen you can’t finish _____ it by yourself?A. ask; writeB. to ask; writingC. ask; writingD. asking; write【解析2】aloud/loud/loudly(1) aloud adv ―出声‖ ,指出声能让人听见,但声音不大read aloud 大声朗读(2) loud adj./adv 作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等连用。
多用于比较级,须放在动词后。
Speak loude r, please. I can’t hear you clearly.(3)loudly adv 与loud 同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。
He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.① What about ____________(大声读) to practice your spoken English?( ) ② The boys are talking____ in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy.A. aloudB. loudlyC. louderD. loud( ) ③ Don’t speak so ___, my boys, I’ll read ___ a story to you.A. loudly; aloudB. loudly; loudlyC. aloud; loudlyD. loud; loudly【解析3】practice v 练习practice doing sth 练习做某事【拓展】finish doing sth ,enjoy doing sth , mind doing sth ,give in doing sth , can’t help doing sth①We often practice _______English among English.(speak)②This term I enjoy __________(watch) English movies.【解析4】pronounce v 发音→ pronunciation n 发音① Please tell me how to __________________(pronunciation) the word.② What’s the ___________________(pronounce) of the word ―text‖? 6. It improve my speaking skills.【解析1】improve v =make ……better →improvement n 提高【解析2】speaking skills 口语技巧10. I do that sometimes . I think it helps.【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes【口诀】:分开是一段,合起是某时;分开s 是倍次,合起s是有时(1) some time一段时间,做时间状语It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间(2) sometime adv 在某个时候,(3) some times 名词词组,―几次,几倍‖Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer.(4)sometimes=at times 有时(一般现在时的标志词)( ) I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.A. sometimesB. some timesC. sometimeD. some time11. it’s too hard to understand the voices.【解析1】too……to? 太……而不能?.too +adj./adv原级+to do sthIt’s never too old to learn 活到老学到老( )① They are ____ tired ____on.A. too; to walk B .too; walking C. can’t ;to work D. very ;to walk( ) ②– This box is ___ heavy for me to carry. Can you help me? —Certainly.A. soB. muchC. veryD. too【解析2】voice/noise /sound(1)voice 多指人说话、唱歌、鸟的叫声。