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语法复习五：强调句、It的用法、省略和插入语一、强调句（一）强调句句型1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who （当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born?4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。
原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
考研英语句式
考研英语中常见的句式包括：
1.强调句：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分。
2.倒装句：将谓语放在主语之前，常见的是否定词或半否定词开头放在句首。
3.省略句：省略了句子的某些部分，常见的是省略主语或谓语。
4.复合句：包含一个主句和一个或多个从句，从句本身有自己的语法结构。
5.并列句：由并列连词连接的两个或多个句子。
6.虚拟语气：通过使用特殊形式的谓语动词来表示与实际情况相反的情况。
7.被动语态：将谓语动词变为被动形式，表示动作是被动的而不是主动的。
8.非谓语动词：包括动词不定式、动名词和分词，它们在句子中可以作为名词、
形容词或副词使用。
9.比较级和最高级：用于表示比较或最高程度的概念。
10.情态动词：包括can、could、may、might、will、would等，表示推测或可
能性。
这些句式在考研英语中经常出现，掌握这些句式可以帮助考生更好地理解阅读材料和写作复杂的句子。
会考复习——倒装句、强调句、省略句I 倒装英语最基本的词序“主语部分+谓语部分”通常⼗分固定。
如果把谓语动词放在主语前⾯，这就叫做倒装。
将谓语动词完全移⾄主语之前，称为完全倒装；如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，称为部分倒装。
⼀、全部倒装1．以here， there， now，then开头的句⼦,谓语动词要放在句⼦的主语之前。
这种句⼦中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。
如：Here comes the train！There goes the bell！注意：如果句⼦的主语是⼈称代词，则不能使⽤倒装结构。
如：Here it comes！／There it goes！2．有些动词短语以副词out，in，up，down，away等结尾，构成不及物动词短语。
这时，为了使句⼦更形象，常将这些副词提前到句⾸。
这时，句中的谓语动词要放在句⼦主语的前⾯，构成全部倒装。
（注意，这时句⼦的主语也必须是名词。
如果是⼈称代词，也不能使⽤倒装结构。
）如：Up went the rocket．Up it went．3．为了强调表⽰地点的介词短语，常将这个介词短语放在句⾸，构成全部倒装。
注意，这时句⼦的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。
如：In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker．4．表语置于句⾸，且主语较长或结构较复杂的句⼦要⽤全部倒装。
如：Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat．5. There be 句型在There+助动词/情态动词+be+主语+地点/时间的句型中，主语在谓语be动词后⾯，因此这是倒装。
There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk. 桌上有⼀个⼿机和⼀些书。
There are thousands of people gathering on the square. ⼴场上聚集着成千上万的⼈。
专题十四强调句和省略句一、强调句句型1．陈述句的强调句型：It is / was ＋被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)＋that / who(当强调主语且主语指人)＋其他部分。
It was on the party that he met one of his old friends.2．一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is / was提到it前面。
Was it on the party that he met one of his old friends?3．特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)＋is / was ＋it ＋that / who ＋其他部分？When and where was it that you were born?I met the film star—Jackie Chan at Beijing Airport yesterday.强调主语：It was I (that / who) met the film star—Jackie Chan at Beijing Airport yesterday.强调宾语：It was the film star—Jackie Chan that / who I met at Beijing Airport yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at Beijing Airport that I met the film star—Jackie Chan yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met the film star—Jackie Chan at Beijing Airport.注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that和who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that和who不可省略；强调句中的时态通常用两种：一般现在时和一般过去时。
倒装、强调和省略倒装Inversion英语的一般语序(自然语序Natural Order)为：主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语（或表语）+ (状语等附加成分)。
有时为了语法上或修辞上的需要而改变这种语序。
一、语法倒装1. 句首是由某些表示地点状语的副词开头，或者方位副词、介词短语放在句首时，主谓全部倒装(Full Inversion)。
比如：here, back, down, off, in, up，hence, then, thus, often, so，out, up, away, on等，通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
主语为主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here is your letter. 这是你的信。
Down came the rain. 下雨了。
Hence comes the name magnet. 由此得名“磁铁”。
Into the sky went the plane. 飞机飞向天空。
Away went the girl to the school! 这个女孩到学校去了！Off goes the woman! 那个女人走了！2. 以there开头，表示“….有….”, “There+be+主语”结构；在正式文体中，当主语不明确是一个很长的名词短语时，用“there+不及物动词+主语”结构。
There are more important matters we need to discuss.我们有很多重要的事情需要讨论。
There entered a strange little man.走进来一个奇怪而身材矮小的人。
3. 主语+ live, stand, lie, sit 等动词+（介词）地点状语的结构中常采用倒装语序。
正常语序：An old temple stands at the top of the hill.倒装语序：At the top of the hill stands an old temple.山顶上有座古庙。
语法复习五：强调句、It的用法、省略和插入语一、强调句（一）强调句句型1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born?4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。
原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
特殊句式(强调句型、省略、反意疑问句及其他)强调强调句的基本句型是“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。
被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。
强调句型的使用特点主要有以下几个方面：(1)被强调的是状语或状语从句时，要用that引导从句，而不能用which，而且通常不能省略。
It was in the park that I met him.我是在公园里遇到他的。
It was in 1964 that the first telephone satellite was set up by the Group of 17 Countries.17国集团发射第一颗电话卫星是在1964年。
(2)被强调的是人时，引导词可用who，也可用that。
Was it you that/who let out the secret to her?是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗？注意：当被强调的是主语时，代词要用主格形式。
It was I who put forward the theory first.是我最先提出这个理论的。
(3)被强调的不管是单数还是复数名词，主句的be动词都用单数is或was。
实用文档It was Madame Curie and her husband who discovered radium.是居里夫人和她的丈夫发现了镭。
It is the PLA men who/that are safeguarding our country day and night.是解放军战士日夜保卫着我们的祖国。
(4)对not...until时间状语从句进行强调时，其句型是：It is/was not until...that从句，即not和until在强调句中总是紧挨着的。
注意习惯上不用not till，而且从句不能用when引导。
It was not until the last operation was finished that Bethune left the battle hospital.直到做完最后一个手术白求恩才离开战地医院。
语法复习五：强调句、It的用法、省略和插入语一、强调句（一）强调句句型1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who （当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born?4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。
原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。
SQKC-62 高二考试体系半年卡强调句和省略句课后作业1.〖04全国III〗— I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!— ______.A. Nor am IB. Neither would IC. Same with meD. So do I2.〖05重庆〗____________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class..A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student3．〖05重庆〗—What should I do with this passage?_________the main idea of each paragraph.A. Finding outB. Found outC. Find outD. To find out4.〖06全国Ⅰ〗Mary, _____ here—everybody else, stay where you are.A. comeB. comesC. to comeD. coming5.〖07全国Ⅰ〗We all know that,______ , the situation will get worse.A. not if dealt carefully withB. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully withD. not if carefully dealt with6.〖07安徽〗In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than_____.A. that used to beB. it is used toC .it was used to D. it used to be7.〖08福建〗—Who should be responsible for the accident?—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ____ .A. as toldB. as are told C .as telling D. as they told8.〖09湖南〗Every evening after dinner, if not___ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.A. being tiredB. tiringC. tiredD. to be tired9.〖09江西〗Some of you may have finished unit one. _____ , you can go on to unit two.A. If you mayB. If you doC. If notD. If so10.〖09江苏〗—What’s the matter with Della?—Well, her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party, but she still ______.A. hopes toB. hopes soC. hopes notD. hopes for11.〖09上海〗Sally’s never seen a play in the Shanghai Grand Theatre, ______?A. hasn’t sheB. has sheC. isn’t sheD. is she12.〖10浙江〗The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ______regularly, can improve our health.A. being carried outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out13.【2011江苏卷33】It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine._______ , we’d better take it to the garage immediately.A. OtherwiseB. If notC. But for thatD. If so14.【2011辽宁卷33】_____ a strange plant! I've never seen it before.A. WhichB. WhatC. HowD. Whether15. [2013高考英语江苏卷] Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ______ to ruins, the city took on a new look.A. reducingB. reducedC. being reducedD. having reduced16.（2013高考英语江西卷）34. I f _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.A. askedB. to askC. askingD. having asked17. （2013高考英语浙江卷）19. There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.A. not tre atedB. not being treatedC. not to be treatedD. not have been treated参考答案：1.〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题主要考倒装。
〖解析〗以so/nor/neither开头的倒装句子, 在时态、语态、助动词、情态动词等谓语形式上, 要尽可能与上文一致, 故选B, 排除A、D。
如说“It’s the same with me”也可, 但不能省略“the”。
2.〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题考查倒装。
〖解析〗as引导让步状语从句时, 表语要调至句首, 其前的冠词要省略。
3.〖答案〗C〖考点〗本题考查在具体语境中的省略〖解析〗本题考查在具体语境中的省略, 第二句补充完整应为You should find out the main idea of each paragraph。
4.〖答案〗A〖考点〗考查祈使句的用法〖解析〗本题考查了祈使句的用法。
Mary和everybody else作为呼语出现, 后面的句子为祈使句, 省略了第二人称的主语you,故应用动词原形。
5.〖答案〗B〖考点〗此题考查省略句式〖解析〗that后跟宾语从句, 宾语从句中含有一个主从句, if从句使用了省略句式, 完整的形式应为if it is not carefully dealt with,it指代主句中的situation。
6.〖答案〗D〖考点〗不定式的省略。
〖解析〗表示“过去常常……”用used to do……, 并且本题中动词原形be不能省略7.〖答案〗A〖考点〗此题考查状语从句的省略〖解析〗as told=as they were told,此处是as引导的方式状语从句的省略。
当从句主语与主句主语一致, 且谓语动词含有be时, 将从句的主语和be省略。
又因为workers与tell之间是被动关系, 排除C、D。
8.〖答案〗C〖考点〗省略句式。
〖解析〗在if引导的条件状语从句中, 从句中还原应为if am not tired from work, 根据省略的原则, 所以答案选C。
9.〖答案〗D〖考点〗省略句的用法。
〖解析〗If so = If you have done that / so你们中的一些人可能已经完成第一单元, 如果是这样的话, 你们可以继续第二单元。
10.〖答案〗A〖考点〗固定搭配hope to do sth.〖解析〗在不定式作简略回答时, 常常将不定式to之后的内容省略。
11.〖答案〗B〖考点〗此题考查反意问句。
〖解析〗Sally’s的完全形式是Sally has,判断反意问句部分用助动词has；never表示否定, 因此反意问句部分用肯定。
答案B。
12.〖答案〗C〖考点〗本题考查if条件句中的省略情况。
〖解析〗本句的句子的主语是the experiment；谓语动词是shows；that引导宾语从句, 宾语从句的主干事：proper amounts of exercise can improve our health, if_____ regularly是插入的条件从句, 从句的主语是proper amounts of exercise, 此时应用it代替前面提到的主语, 条件句的主语与主句的主语一致, 并且含有is, 故省略了it is, 完整形式是：if it is carried out。
句意为：这项实验表明, 适当的运动, 如果有规律的进行, 能够有助于我们的身体健康。
13.【答案】D【考点】考查省略和替代。
【解析】句意：听起来车的发动机好像有问题，如果那样的话，我们最好立刻把它弄到汽修厂去。
前后两句话之间是顺承关系。
Otherwise否则，要不然；if not要不，不然；but for that若不是因为那件事；if so若是这样。
14.【答案】B【考点】考查感叹句。
【解析】句意：多么奇怪的植物啊！我以前从没见过。
此处为“What+a/an十adj.+n．+it is/was”的省略结构，故B项正确。
15. C。
本题考查时间状语从句的省略用法。
【句意】在遭受大地震，沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出新的面貌。
Shortly after在……之后不久，引导时间状语从句。
时间状语从句中，当主语与主句主语一致时，为避免重复，从句可用省略句。
根据短语reduce the city to ruins（使城市沦为废墟），可见reduce与逻辑主语the city构成被动关系，排除A，D；而and连接两个并列成分，suffering from a massive earthquake and ______ to ruins，根据suffering的形式，确定答案为being reduced。
