考博英语翻译汉译英短文训练试题

考博英语练习题1. Daily nutrition, weight, and physical activities in the family will largely determine whether your children are _____ to children diabetes.A. likelyB. susceptibleC. influentialD. Sustainable2. The accusations we bring against others should be ____ ourselves; they should not ____ complacency and easy judgments on our part concerning our own moral conduct.A. denigration of.., excludeB. instructions to... equateC. parodies of... satirizeD. warnings to... justify【翻译练习】1、英译汉参考译文The researchers, from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, say when people are living together they share behaviors, such as eating meals together and watching TV. The scientists also note that marriage provides a number of health benefits, including decreased cigarette smoking and lower mortality.2、汉译英举行的峰会可以促进六国之间的友好合作关系。

我的一个好朋友最近接受了白血病测试。

她对我说，最令人痛苦的折磨就是苦苦等待测试结果的那一周时间。

我朋友说，她可能会学着直面坏结果。

但真正让人煎熬焦虑的是那种茫然的感觉。

孟克(Edvard Munch)的名画《呐喊》哈佛大学心理学家吉尔伯特(Daniel Gilbert)不久前在《纽约时报》(New York Times)的专栏中写道，不知道要发生什么坏事比知道什么坏事要发生的感觉更糟。

我们大多数人之所以会夜不能寐、抽烟发泄，并不是因为道琼斯指数要再跌1000点，而是因为我们不知道道指会不会下跌──不确定的感觉比不确定的事情本身更折磨人。

【英文】A close friend of mine recently underwent tests for leukemia. The most agonizing part of the ordeal, she said, was the week-long wait for the test results. A bad outcome she could learn to cope with, my friend said. It was the not knowing, the uncertainty, that was so difficult.'People feel worse when something bad might occur than when something bad will occur,' wrote Harvard psychologist Daniel Gilbert in a recent New York Times op-ed. 'Most of us aren't losing sleep and sucking down Marlboros because the Dow is going to fall another thousand points, but because we don't know whether it will fall or not ─ and human beings find uncertainty more painful than the things they're uncertain about.'一艘货轮卸货后在浩瀚的大海上返航时，突然遭遇了可怕的风暴。

1.陆地交通的形式，与其说取决于技术，不如说取决于政治、经济和环境方面的考虑。

我们现在就可以建造更坚固、更安静、更防滑的道路，但却不建，因为费用太高。

我们可以在高速公路两旁安装隔音板并且设计出尾气少、轮胎噪音低的卡车，从而使交通噪音减半，但我们不愿意掏这笔钱。

环保游说集团已对汽车厂商产生了巨大的影响，对尾气排放的控制已经严格多了。

但是在控制空汽污染方面仍然任重而道远。

It’s not technology that will determine the shape of land transport so much as political, economic and environmental considerations. We can build stronger, quieter roads with better skid-resistance now, but we don’t because of the cost. We could halve traffic noise by putting noise barriers along motorways and designing lorries with less exhaust and tyre noise, but we won’t pay the bill.The environmental lobby has had a huge impact on car manufacturers and emission control has improved a lot. But there’s still some way to go on the air pollution科学杰出之处就在于它能创造人为的可控之物，科学和工程学使我们能够建造我们今天得以生活在其中的部分人工化了的环境，在这个环境里充满了无数大桥、卡车、飞机、抗生素和基因变异物种。

1997年Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society’s power of choice. We can ch oose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire; they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another.观看歌剧是件昂贵的事。

人大考博英语汉译英专项练习〔1-10，含详解〕专项练习 1科技是人类文明进步的动力源泉。

古老的中国，曾在世界科技史上占有重要地位。

今天的中国人民，不仅与全世界共享科技文明的成果，也在各个领域推动世界科技的进步。

科技奥运将反映科技最新进展，集成全国科技创新成果，推出一届高科技含量的体育盛会；提高北京科技创新能力，推进高新技术成果的产业化及其在人民生活中的广泛应用，使北京奥运会成为展示高新技术成果和创新实力的窗口。

【参考译文】Science and technology is the source power which can drive civilization of Human being. China, an old-line country, has had a high position in the world’s technology history. Today, Chinese people are not only sharing the harvest of technology and civilization with people from rest of the world, but promoting the science and technology in all kinds of field as well. High-tech Olympics means that we will closely follow the latest high-tech developments home and abroad and integrate the high-tech achievements nationwide so as to host a magnificent sports event in high-tech achievement. In doing so, Beijing’s capacity in high-tech innovation will be improved and the application of high-tech achievements in production and people’s life promoted. Beijing Olympic Games will be a window to showcase our high-tech achievements and innovative capacity.专项练习 2去年，美国联邦航空管理局把用来计算飞机载荷的乘客平均体重提高了10 磅。

2004 答案1.英译汉第一次世界大战和经济大萧条迫使人们不得不重新冷静地评价来势迅猛的技术大爆炸。

一种思想派别——技术确定主义认为，现代社会再也不是19世纪及20世纪初期的工业年头了。

他们说，后工业时代社会已经成为一种现实。

先进电子技术所带来的困难的社会技术网络已经使国家的政府机构，资本主义性质的公司和人口拥挤的城市失去原有的作用。

2.汉译英Moon gazing is an ancient art. To prehistoric hunters their understanding of the moon overhead was a unerring as heartbeat. They knew that every 29 days it became full-bellied and brilliant, then sickened and died, and then was the reborn. They knew that the waxing moon appeared larger and higher overhead after each succeeding sunset while the waning moon rose later each night until it vanished in the sunrise.2003 答案1.英译汉：如今，城市化比以前任何时候都更有影响。

它是世界性的，到处都可以感受到它的影响。

结合国的统计数字说明，在约30年的时间里，全世界过半的人口将住在城市里。

这是个具有深远意义的转变，或许是人类史的一个重要里程碑并将以如今无法想象的方式去影响着人类和大自然。

整个人类的定居史都与地形学和资源有着亲密的联络。

直到几个世纪之前，人类定居形式还是主要由农业、渔业、采矿业、水利和国防而定。

城镇和村落相继开展成了商业和市场中心，效劳于落后地区。

考博英语英译汉专项练习〔1-6，含详解〕专项练习1【参考译文】目前一些顶尖高等院校正仓促进行在线教育，但是传出的一条重要消息却是一种新的旨在盈利的在线机构的激增，这些机构正在把因特网网上教育带给广阔民众。

“因特网或许会是进入教育领域的惟一的最民主化的力量，〞哥伦比亚商业学校教务长M eyer Feldberg 说。

他设想通过教育节目的网络来连接亿万民众。

最大的在线的教育机构是凤凰大学( ), 它目前拥有大约6000 名学生，并且10 年内学生总数有望到达200000 人。

该大学向学生授予商务管理、技术、教育及护理学等专业的学士、硕士和博士学位。

学校夸口说，如果你是一个学生，“无论何时何地只要你需要，都可以通过因特网来获取学位〞。

学校特别提到，它的学位课程费用要比一般大学少得多，而且可以让一些学生花较少的时间就完成大学学业。

另一方面，一份?商务周刊?的调查发现在247 家公司中，只有少数几家会考虑雇佣获得网上商务管理硕士学位的求职者。

这种情况是否会随着盈利性在线大学教学条件的改善而改变——毕业生是否能证明他们自身的价值——这一切都还是一个未知数。

专项练习2【参考译文】者反而会重整旗鼓、倍加努力。

第三，创业投资家也起了重大作用，他们乐于支持前途看好的新创企业，投入其急需的创业资本以助其起步。

甚至对失败的企业，只要认定其概念新颖，最终有可能成功，有的投资家也会给予第二次时机。

同样重要的是，许多有为青年和中层专才并不热衷任职于老字号公司，他们不计薪酬多寡，宁愿为新创的企业效力，因为新生企业有更广阔的开拓前景，从工作中所获得的满足感也更大。

专项练习3Do you see the glass as half-full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these cliches are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking. A fast-growing body of research—104 studies so far, involving some 15000 people—is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. “If we could teach people to think more positively,〞 says psychologist Craig A. Anderson of Rice University in Houston, “it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills.〞“Your abilities count.〞 explains psychologist Michael F Scheier of Carnegie-Mellon Univers ity in Pittsburgh, “ but the belief that you can succeed affects whether or not you will.〞 In part, that’s because optimists and pessimists deal with the same challenges and disappointments in very different ways.【参考译文】你看到的杯子是半满而不是半空的吧?你看炸面圈时，眼睛是盯着面圈，而不是中间的孔吧?当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈辞滥调突然之间都成了科学问题。

博士生中期考核第一部分专业英语试题英译汉（请将下列英文翻译成中文30minAs far as the major communicable diseases are concerned, efforts are being made to mobilize financial support to combat tuberculosis, which recently has shown a worryingresurgence. Control programmes were reorganized in several countries, and operational andother studies were supported. The research has produced someimportant results which mayhave major implications for policy. A study of rifapentine suggests that it is a promising newdrug. A large trial is being organized on the efficacy of sparfloxacin, another new drug, againstmultidrug-resistant tuberculosis. A study in Uganda on thefeasibility of tuberculosischemoprophylaxis for HIV-infected persons suggests that this intervention is not easilyapplicable on a large scale in a developing country setting. WHO's global task force on choleracontrol continues to support activities to strengthen national capacity to prepare for andrespond to epidemics. Several cholera vaccines are at differentstages of development. All 45countries where malaria is endemic received WHO financial supportfor control activities.National plans of work, based on a revised regional control strategy, were drawn up in anumber of African countries. WHO, together with other agencies and NGOs, respondedpromptly to requests for assistance in combating malaria epidemicsin seven countries,including outbreaks among the 500 000 or so Rwandan refugees. Inview of the rapid spreadof chloroquine-resistant and multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria, a multicentre researchprogramme has been initiated to study ways of retarding developmentof drug resistance. Thesynthetic Colombian malaria vaccine Spf66 has been shown to be safe, to induce antibodiesand to reduce the risk of clinical malaria by around 30% among children aged under 5 in theUnited Republic of Tanzania.30min面对繁多治疗方法，病人常会询问哪一个最为有效？以及他们自己对某种治疗的选择是否会影响成功率？很多病人都是本着完全信任医院提供的专业化关怀的心态去看病的，然而，一些病人却不能得到满意的结果，如开给他的药物造成不良反应。

【导语】⽣活中，我们每天都在尝试中，我们⾛向成功，品味失败，⾛过⼼灵的阴⾬晴空。

运动员们，不要放弃尝试，⽆论失败与否，重要的是你勇于参与的精神，付出的背后是胜利。

⽆论是否成功，我们永远赞美你，你们永远是我们的骄傲。

以下我⽆忧考为考⽣整理的《2018考博英语翻译练习题及答案【⼗篇】》供您查阅。

2018考博英语翻译练习：房价问题 中国房价问题近年来⼀直是社会热门话题。

⼤中型城市房价⼀直居⾼不下且呈逐渐上涨的趋势。

有的年轻⼈根本买不起房，有的则成为了房奴(mortgage slaves)。

房奴是近⼏年出现的社会流⾏词。

顾名思义，房奴的意思是房屋的奴⾪。

这些⼈为买房⽽向银⾏借贷款，然后⽤⼀⽣的精⼒来偿还。

据某房地产站的调查，中国约32%的⼈⽉供占到了收⼊的50%以上，成为了名副其实的房奴。

他们在享受有房的⼼理安慰的同时，也承受着巨⼤的精神压⼒，⽣活质量⼤为下降。

参考译⽂： Chinese housing prices have been hot social topics in recent years. House prices in medium-and-large cities keep high,with the trend of further going up.Some young people simply cannot afford purchasing any house, while others become mortgage slaves.Mortgage slaves (or house slaves) are a new buzzword that emerged in the society in recent years. Just as the name suggests,house slaves refer to people who are enslaved to mortgage for their houses.These people borrow loans from banks to buy a house and then repay the loans with their lifetime efforts.According to survey by a real estate website, about 32 % of Chinese people paid over 50% of their income as monthly mortgage payment,so they indeed became slaves of the house.While they seem to enjoy some psychological comfort that they have their own houses,they have to bear tremendous stress, with quality of life dropped down significantly.2018考博英语翻译练习：经济全球化 经济全球化(Economic globalization)必然带来⽂化产品和服务的全球化。

考博英语阅读训练及全文翻译（一）Overseas students shun UK and US universitiesThe market share of international students enjoyed by British and US universities has dropped sharply as Australia，Japan and New Zealand become increasingly popular destinations，according to an international comparison of education systems published yesterday.The latest edition of Education at a Glance，an annual audit published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development，showed that although foreign students continue to be attracted to the two countries because of the English language teaching and perceived quality of education，in relative terms their position is weakening.The Paris-based organisation reported that US market share fell 2 per cent from 2002-3，while the UK suffered the fastest decline among OECD members，falling from 16.2 per cent in 1998 to 13.5 percent in 2003.The most recent year used by the report is 2003 so the percentages did not include a 21.3 per cent fall in the number of Chinese students accepted for university courses in Britain this year. Britain is increasingly reliant on the higher fees paid by students from outside the European Union to help sustain its universities for domestic students.The overall number of students studying outside their own countries stood at 2.1m in 2003，an 8.3 percent annual average increase since 1998.According to the report the international complexion of US campuses has changed strikingly since September 11 2001. The country''s universities have seen decreases of 10-37 per cent in students from the Gulf states，northern Africa and some south-east Asian countries.The report also concluded that despite continued，if uneven，growth in the number of graduates churned out by the rich world''s universities，the monetary value of a degree showed no sign of having been tarnished.Andreas Schleicher，head of the Indicators and Analysis Division of the OECD''s Directorate of Education，said there was no evidence of inflation of the labour-market value of qualifications and that graduates could expect to continue to earn considerably more than those without a degree.Assessing the performance of the world''s schools，Mr Schleicher said Asia was soaring while Europe remained level and South America had slipped into relative decline.一、全文翻译英美大学留学生人数骤跌据昨天公布的一项国际教育体系比较研究称，英美大学的留学生市场份额急剧下降，而澳大利亚、日本和新西兰日益成为受欢迎的留学目的地。

◆汉译英Chinese-English TranslationDirections: Translate the three underlined parts of the following passages into English.短文1（1）据英国报纸报道，痴迷于足球的罪犯们纷纷向英国警方投案自首，以求在世界杯之前及时结束短暂的刑期。

《旗帜晚报》报道，伦敦北部的赫特福德郡警方开展了“红牌行动”，向未到庭的被告发出了一条简单的信息：要么立即投案，要么在世界杯期间呆在没有电视的警察局监房里。

“有一名男子甚至打了背包上法庭，准备在牢里呆上一阵，”报纸援引赫特福德警官奈杰尔(Nigel)的话。

(2)“毫无疑问。

他是想赶快结束刑期，以确保在世界杯开赛之时重获自由。

”报纸说，发往罪犯们已知最新地址的296封信已经使17人前往当地警察局面对袭击和盗窃之类的指控，另有10人到庭受审。

不是球迷的罪犯也并不安全。

(3)奈杰尔说，寄信的另一结果是使警方收到了60条关于其他罪犯下落的线报，警方将在今后数周内对他们展开追捕。

译文：(1)soccer—mad criminals have been turning up themselves in to British police stations in the hope of completing a short jail sentence in time to watch the World Cup，British newspapers reported.(2)“No doubt he wanted to get his sentence over and done with to make sure he would be free again in time for the World Cup.”(3)Nigel said that another result of the mailing，police had received 60 tip offs onthe whereabouts of other offenders who would be rounded up in the coming weeks．短文2(1)心理学家证实了作家们一直以来的信念：书籍的确是梦的素材。

2002年Translation(80 minutes, 30 marks)
从成年羊细胞克隆（c lone）的羊不仅开辟了广阔的科学上的可能性，也带来了道德上的窘境，一个外表普通名叫多利（Dolly）的羊羔照片上周成为全球报纸杂志的头版，这是因为她惊人的出生：她是一位成年羊的一模一样的复制品，没有父亲。

尽管研究工作者们已经清楚表明他们认为改变他们的技术来克隆人是不道德的，但他们的示范还是提供了令人不安的前景：别人不一定会如此有所顾忌，克隆人意味着妇女原则上不用男人的帮助也能繁殖。

已经有好几个国家宣布禁止克隆人的研究。

但是如果克隆人证明确实是可行的话，那将不可能阻止医生克隆人——如果不在这个国家就可能在那个国家。

克隆需要技术和耐心，但是所需要的设备则是生物实验室的普通之物，确实，有些研究人员已经宣布他们克隆了猴子，另外一些则在好几年前就知道如何利用相同的技术克隆母牛和兔子，因此可能不需要太多的投资就能建立一个研究中心来克隆病人。

Translation (25 marks)
76. 现在的年轻人心怀不切实际的抱负，追逐地位和财富，正在把自己弄得很痛苦。

在最近的一个调查报告里，半数以上年轻人说：如果他们到30岁还没有一个长期的合作伙伴，银行里没有存款，没有一个高级的事业职位，没有一辆豪华车，没有家，他们会感到好似失败了。

显而易见，这是治疗痛苦的妙方。

但是不可避免地，只有少数人会实现这些目标，而大多数人觉得自己失败了。

更何况，即使表面上看似赢家的人也身处感到好像是失败者的大风险之中。

2023考博英语真题及答案PART 1 TRANSLATION (Chinese to English )1.为了减缓交通，提高空气质量，北京公布了新的交通规章。

To relieve the traffic and improve the air quality, new traffic regulations have been issued in Beijing.考点一：减缓交通(relieve the traffic)考点二：公布(issue)2.有牢靠的证据说明，日光暴晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。

(evidence) There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sunlight and skin cancer.考点一：日光曝晒(exposure to sunlight)考点二：“皮肤癌”一词的翻译3.虽然他深知吸烟有害安康，但他对我们要他戒烟的忠告却置若罔闻。

(aware)Tough he is aware that smoking is harmful to health, he is always turning a deaf ear to our advice that he give up smoking.考点一：be aware of 的用法考点二：be harmful to 的用法考点三：对置若罔闻(turn a deaf ear to)4.科学家们不负众望，胜利放射了一枚人造卫星。

(live)The scientists successfully launched a man-made satellite, living up to peoples expectation.考点一：不负众望(live up to peoples expectation)考点二：放射卫星(launch a satellite)5.那场大雾直到11点钟才散去，延误了好几十个航班。

地大考博英语专业英语翻译真题20XX年地大英语专业英语翻译真题AlphaGo是怎么学会下围棋的20XX年北京地大考博群***-*****8Where Computers Defeat Humans, and Where They Can’t AlphaGo是怎么学会下围棋的*****, the artificial intelligence system built by the Google subsidiary DeepMind, has just defeated the human champion, Lee Se-dol, four games to one in the tournament of the strategy game of Go. Why does this matter? After all, computers surpassed hu mans in chess in 1997, when IBM’s Deep Blue beat Garry Kasparov. So why is AlphaGo’s victory significant?由Google的子公司DeepMind创建的人工智能系统AlphaGo，刚刚在一场围棋比赛中以四比一的成绩战胜了人类冠军李世石(Lee Se-dol)。

此事有何重大意义？毕竟在1997年IBM 深蓝(Deep Blue)击败加里卡斯帕罗夫(Garry Kasparov)后，电脑已经在国际象棋上超越了人类。

为什么要对AlphaGo的胜利大惊小怪呢？Like chess, Go is a hugely complex strategy game in which chance and luck play no role. Two players take turns placing whiteor black stones on a 19-by-19 grid; when stones are surrounded on all four sides by those of the other color they are removed from the board, and the player with more stones remaining at the game’s end wins.和国际象棋一样，围棋也是一种高度复杂的策略性游戏，不可能靠巧合和运气取胜。