高级英语视听说(上册)听力原文

Video Script------------------------------10.25Pirates of the InternetIt’s no secret that online piracy has decimated the music industry as millions of people stopped buying CDs and started stealing their favorite songs by downloading them from the internet. Now the hign-tech thieves are coming after Hollywood. Illegal downloading of full-length feature films is a relatively new phenomenon, but it’s becoming easier and easier to do. The people running America’s movie studios know that if they don’t do som ething----and fast---they could be in the same boat as the record companies. Correspodent: “What’s really at stake for the movie industry with all this privacy?” Chernin: “Well, I think, you know, ultimately, our absolute features.” Peter Chernin runs 20th Century Fox, one of the biggest studios in Hollywood. He knows the pirates of the Internet are gaining on him. Correspont: “Do you know how many movies are being downloaded today, in one day, in the United States?” Chernin: “I think it’s probably in the h undreds of thousands, if not millions.” Correspondent: “And it’s only going to grow.” Chernin: “It’s only going to grow. Somebody can put a perfect digital copy up on the internet. A perfect digital copy, all right. And with the click of mouse, send out a million copies all over the world, in an instant.”5And it’s all free. If that takes hold, kiss Hollywood goodbye. Cherninrecently organized a “summit” between studio moguls and some high school and college kids---the people most likely to be downloading. Chernin: “And we said, ‘Let’s come up with a challenge. Let’s give them five movies, and see if they can find them online.’ And we all sat around and picked five movies, four of which hadn’t been released yet. And then we came back half an hour later. They had found all five movies that we gave them. ” Correspondent: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet?” Chernin: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet.” Correspondent: “Did these kids have any sense that they were stealing?” Chernin: “You know it’s… it’s a weird dichotomy. I think they know it’s stealing, and I don’t think they think it’s wrong. I think they have an attitude of, ‘It’s here.’” The Internet copy of last year’s hit Signs, starring Mel Gibson, was stolen even before director M. Night Shyamalan could organize the premiere. Correspondent: “The movie was about to be released. When did the first bootleg copy appear?”6Shyamalan: “Two weeks before it or three weeks before it. Before the Internet age, when somebody bootlegged a movie, the only outlet they had was to see it to those vendors on Times Square, where they had the boxes set up outside and they say, ‘Hey, we have Signs---it’s not even out yet.’ And you walk by and you know it’s illegal. But now, because it’s the digi tal age, you can see, like, a clean copy. It’s no longer the kind of thesleazy guy in Times Square with the box. It’s just, oh, it’s on this beautiful site, and I have to go, ‘Click.’” Correspondent: “How did those movies get on the Internet? How did that happen?” Chernin: “Through an absolute act of theft. Someone steals a print from the editor’s room; someone steals a print from the person; the composer who’s doing the music…absolute physical theft, steals a print, makes a digital copy, and uploads it.” Correspondent: “And there you go.” Digital copies like this one of The Matrix Reloaded have also been bootlegged from DVDs sent to reviewers or ad agencies, or circulated among companies that do special effects, or subtitles. Chernin: “The other way that p re-released movies end up (stolen) is that people go to … there are lots of screenings that happen in this industry… People go to those screenings with a camcorder, with a digital camcorder, sit in the back, turn the camcorder on…”Correspondent: “And record it.” This is one of those recorded-off-the-screen copies of Disney’s Pirates of the Caribbean. Not great quality, but not awful either. And while it used to take forever to download a movie, anyone with a high-speed Internet connection can now have a full-length film in an hour or two.Saaf: “Well, this is just one of many websites where basically people, hackers if you will, announce their piracy releases.” Randy Saaf runs acompany called Media Defender that helps movie studios combat online piracy. C orrespondent: “Look at this, all these new movies that I haven’t even seen yet, all here.” Saaf: “ Yep.” Correspondent: “Secondhand Lions that just came out. Sometimes I feel like I’m the only person in this country who has never downloaded anything. But maybe there is a few others of us out there. So I’m going to ask you to show us Kazaa, that’s the biggest downloading site, right?” Saaf: “Right. This is the Kazaa media desktop. Kazaa is the largest peer-to-peer network.” It’s called peer-to-peer because computer users are sharing files8with each other, with no middleman. All Kazaa does is provide the software to make that sharing possible. When we went online with Randy Saaf, nearly four million other Kazaa users were there with us, sharing every kind of digital file. Saaf: “Audio, documents, images, software, and video. If you wanted a movie, you would click on the video section, and then you would type in a search phrase. And basically what this is doing now, it is asking the people on the peer-to-peer network, ‘Who has Finding Memo’?” Within seconds, 191 computers sent an answer: “We have it.” This is Finding Memo, crisp picture and sound, downloaded free from Kazaa a month before its release for video rental or sale. If you don’t want to watch it on a little computer screen, you don’t have to. On the newest computers, you can just “burn” it onto a DVD and watch it onyour big-screen TV. And that’s a dagger pointed right at the heart of Hollywood. Chernin: “Where movies make the bulk of their money is on DVD and home videos. 50 percent of the revenues for any movie come out of home video…” Correspondent: “15 percent?” Chernin: “50 percent so that if piracy occurs and it wipes out your home video profits or ultimately your television profits, you are out9of business. No movies will get made.” Even if movies did get made, Night Shyamalan says that wouldn’t be any good, because profits would be negligible, so budgets would shrink dramatically. Shyamalan: “And slowly it will degrade what’s possible in that art form.” Rosso: “Technology always wins. Always. You can’t shut it down.” Wayne Rosso is Hollywood’s enemy. They call him a pirate, but officially he’s the president of Grokster, another peer-to-peer network that works just like Kazaa. Correspondent: “Ok,I have downloaded your softwar e.” Rosso: “Right.” Correspondent: “Ok, did I pay to do that?” Rosso: “No, it’s free.” Correspondent: “So who pays you? How do you make money?” Rosso: “We’re like radio. We are advertising-supported.” Correspondent: “And how many people use Grokster?” Rosso: “Ten million.” Correspondent: “Ten million people have used it.” Rosso: “A month.” Correspondent: “Every month, ten million people?” Rosso: “Uh-huh, uh-huh. And growing.”10Correspondent: “Use it to download music, movies, software, video games, what else?” Rosso: “I will assume. See, we have no way of knowing what people are downloading.” Correspondent: “That’s just a fig leaf. You are facilitating, allowing, helping people steal.” Rosso: “We have no idea what the content is, and whatever it is…” Correspondent: “Well, you may not know the specifics, but you know that’s what your site…” Rosso: “And we can’t stop it. We have no control over it.” Correspondent: “But you are there for that purpose, that is why you exist, of co urse it is.” Rosso: “No, no, no, no, no, no.” Correspondent: “Come on, this is the fig leaf part.” Rosso: “No, no, no, no, no.” Shyamalan:“He is totally conformable with putting on his site a stolen piece of material. Am I wrong in that? If my movie was bootlegged, he’d be totally comfortable putting it on his site?” Correspondent: “Because I have nothing to do with it.” Shyamalan:“Yeah, right.” Correspondent: “Because I just provided the software.” Shyamalan:“Yeah, right. So, immediately, how can you ever have a11conversation with him? Because he’s taken a stolen material and he is totally fine with passing it around in his house. All these, all these are illegal activities. So, I’m not, it’s just my house, I’m not doing anything wrong.” But it is Rosso w ho has the law on his side. A federal judge hasruled that Grokster and other file-swapping networks are not liable for what their downloaders are doing. Rosso: “So we are completely legal, and unfortunately this is something the entertainment industry refuses to accept. They seem to think the judge’s decision was nothing but a typo.” The studios are appealing that court ruling. And they may follow the music industry and begin to sue individuals who download movies. And they are fighting the pirates in other ways, with ads about people whose jobs are at risk because of the piracy---people like the carpenters and painters who work on film sets. At the same time, Hollywood is trying to keep copies of movies from leaking in the first place. Chernin: “ You will very seldom go to an early screening of a movie right now where, probably you don’t notice until you pay attention, someone’s not in the front of that auditorium with infrared binoculars looking for somebody with a camcorder.”12And once a movie is released, or copies do begin to leak, the studios hire people like Randy Saaf to hack the hackers. Saaf: “What we’re just trying to do is make the actual pirated content difficult to find. And the way we do that is by, you know, serving up fake files.” It’s called “spoofing.” Saaf and his employees spend their days on Kazaa and Grokster, offering up thousands of files that look like copies of new movies, but aren’t. Correspondent: “So if I had clicked on any number of those FindingNemo offerings, I could have clicked on one of yours, or somebody like you. And what would I have found after my hour and a half of downloading?” Saaf: “it might just be a blank screen or something. You know, typically speaking, what we push out is just not the real content.” Correspond ent: “What you are trying to do is make this so impossible, so infuriating that people will just throw up their hands and say it’s just easier for me to go rent this thing, buy the DVD or whatever, it’s just easier.” Saaf: “Right.” Correspondent: “That’s your goal.” Saaf：：“Right.”13Correspondent: “Does that work? Is that a good idea?” Rosso: “No. It doesn’t work. I mean I don’t blame them but it doesn’t work because what happens is that the community cleanses itself of the spoofs.” He means that downloaders quickly spread the word online about how to tell the fake movie files from the real thing. Correspondent: “It’s like an arms race(军备竞赛）, isn’t it?” Chernin: “That’s exactly what it’s like. It’s like an arms race. There will be, you know, they’re gonna get a step ahead. We’re gonna try and get that step back.” Rosso: “But I’ll tell you one thing: I’ll bet on the hackers.” Correspondent: “That they will break whatever…” Rosso: “The studios come up with.” Correspondent: “The companies throw at them.”Hollywood knows that downloading off the Internet is the way millionsof consumers want to get their entertainment---and that isn’t going away. Chernin: “The generally accepted estimate is that more that 60 million Americans have downloaded file-sharing softwa re onto their computers.” Correspondent: “60 million.”14Chernin: “At 60 million Americans, that’s a mainstream product. That’s not a bunch of college kids or, you know, a bunch of computer geeks. That’s America.” So, instead of trying to stop it entirely, the studios are looking for ways to embrace it, but get paid too. Wayne Rosso says the best way is to negotiate some kinds of licensing deal with him. Rosso: “If the movie industry acts now and starts exploring alternatives and solutions with guys like m e, hopefully they won’t have a problem.” Correspondent: “What if they try to buy you?” Rosso: “I’d sell it in al heartbeat.” Correspondent: “You would sell, Grokster would sell to a movie studio?” Rosso: “Sure, call me.” The idea of making deals with what Peter Chernin calls “a bunch of crooks” doesn’t appeal to Hollywood. Instead, Fox and other studios have just launched their own site, Movielink, where consumers can download a film for a modest fee, between three and five dollars. Chernin: “I think you wo uld love the idea that you don’t have to go to the video store. You can do this. And that’s what we’re working15on. But in order for that to be effective, we have to stop privacy, because the most effective business model in the world can’t compete with free.” Not that Peter Chernin is interested, but he won’t have the chance to buy Grokster, at least not from Wayne Rosso. A few days ago, Rosso announced that he is leaving Grokster to take over as president of another file-swapping software company, this one based in Spain. Grokster will continue under new management.Key to the exercises Task I Global Listening1. C2. C.3. D .4. D5. A6. B.7. B8. CTask II Episode 1 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T Listen for DetailsEpisode 2 1 2 3Episode 3 (1) technology always wins (2) software (4) radio(3) advertising supported (5) Ten million people(6) music (8) not liable for (10) control (12) facilitating (14) comfortable(7) video games (9) typo (11) fig leaf (13) stealEpisode 41. Following the music industry and begin to sue individuals who download movies.2. Airing ads about people whose jobs are at risk because of piracy.3. Keeping copies of movies from leaking in the first place.4. Hiring people to hack the hackers/serve up thousands of fake copies ofnew movies.Episode 51. Downloading off the Internet.2. 60 million3. Embrace it and get paid too.4. A bunch of crooks.5. 3-5 dolloars.6. Stopping piracy.。

Outside viewVoice-over Welcome to Changing Lifestyles. Today we'll take a look at the changing role of fathers. In the 1950s and the 1960s, most fathers went to work every day and most mothers stayed at home to take care of the children. However, since the late 60s and the early 70s, family life has been changing dramatically. Instead of accepting the rigid roles imposed by society, many couples have been deciding to change their work-life balance. More mothers have been pursuing careers, while at the same time fathers have been devoting more time to caring for children and doing household chores. This is David Noll. David is 33 years old, husband and father of two girls. David is a modern father. He and his wife both pursue careers and share in raising the children and doing housework.Diane OK, well then are you going to go to the playground?Children 1 Right. Right, Mama.Diane Right. I love you.Children 2 Bububa.Diane Bye-bye.Children 1 Bye.Diane Bye-bye.Voice-over David's father Bob Noll was also a loving father, but David's role as a father was different. During the early part of his career, Bob went to work every day while his wife Shirley stayed home. Bob worked for 38 years at Westinghouse as an electrical engineer. Bob worked on some of the first computers ever produced. Bob had always been an involved father. But in 1970 Shirley decided to go back to work. That was when Bob's role as a father changed.Bob When Shirley went back to work, I had to change my, uh, role and start to do more cooking, um, driving the children here and there. When our children were growing up I took a lot of interest in them, what they were doing. David I think in many ways I, I was probably better prepared for the changing roles that I've had to take on by, by my father.Bob We did many things together and I tried to get them involved in other areas that they seemed to show interest in, such as theatre and magic.David He did a great deal more than I think many fathers, I mean I, I can think of childhood friends whose fathers, you know, were running businesses who, who participated almost at, not, not at all in their, in their, in their development. Um, and I think I had, I think I had a role model.Bob I remember David was interested in, he got very interested in magic and, and juggling, and he was an avid reader.Voice-over As a young man, David loved magic. But he pursued a career as a biochemist. Before having children, David spent 40 hours per week studying cellular DNA in a research lab. And his wife Diane spent 40 hours a week working as a lawyer in Washington DC. After the girls were born, David and Diane both cut back on their hours in order to take care of their daughters. As a research scientist, David's schedule was more flexible. So he took on more responsibility for the children's day-to-day care.David Well, I have been able, uh, to adjust my schedule so that I can be home at 5 o'clock, um, for the kids and if the children are sick, being able to come home, um, take them to the doctors. We go for a walk, we take the dogs up the street, go to the park, hang out at the park. And then we head back, uh, to the house and, and begin preparing dinner.Voice-over Since Bob retired ten years ago, he has been enjoying his role as a grandfather. He's been travelling with his wife, Shirley, and he's been playing tennis. Meanwhile, David is just beginning his journey as a father in a new era.David It can be difficult, especially when, you know, you're, you're taking on new roles for the first time. And it can be, it can be disconcerting and it can be more comfortable to take on those traditional roles. Um, I have, I think I have many more responsibilities than, than even most fathers do today, um, and certainly more, I, I think than when my father was, was raising his children. Um, but the, the difference is not the sort of classic role reversal. I'm, I'm not a stay-at-home Dad. We have an excellent babysitter who, that, who has allowed us, um, allowed both my wife and I the opportunities to continue pursuing our career.Voice-over While there are many differences in how David and Bob have raised their children, there are many important similarities.Listening inPassage 1Host There's a question that's been argued about for a long time. Which is more important, your family environment or your genes? Well, a story has come up in the news about identical twins, separated at birth. They've just been reunited - and guess what - there are some amazing coincidences in their life stories.Here's the story - two American girls called Tamara and Adriana were separated at birth and adopted by two different sets of parents. And this is where the coincidences begin. Both families ended up living 25 miles apart. Both girls decided to study psychology at universities that are only a mile apart from each other. Isn't that strange? And this girl, who's a friend of both of them, insists they meet. Just before they meet, Adriana's mother tells herthat she has a twin sister. Can you imagine how that must feel when you're 20 years old to learn you have a twin? And when the girls meet, it's like looking in a mirror - they're identical! Now get this! Both Tamara and Adriana's adoptive fathers died when the girls were children. Both girls fell through glass doors at the age of five - that's hard to believe, isn't it? Their boyfriends look alike and have similar names - Alex and Adam. And this is the best part - both of them have the same recurring dream. Isn't that incredible - they have the same dream!I think it's an amazing story. So, for all those of you out there who have comments, and I'm sure you do, the lines are open. OK, we've got Josh on the line. Hi Josh!Josh Hi.Host So, what do you make of this story?Josh It's a great story but it doesn't surprise me at all. I'm an identical twin.Host You are?Josh Yeah, my brother's called Toby, and we're 22, and we're going out with two sisters ... and we're having a double wedding next June.Host Congratulations! So-what do you think-is it our genes that decide who we are? These kind of stories seem to suggest it.Josh Well, I'm not a scientist, but I think so.Host Research tells us that it's about fifty-fifty.Josh I, I disagree.Host Thanks Josh. OK, our next caller is ...Passage 2Part 1Voice-over Kidney transplants are of two kinds -transplants from dead people and living transplants, transplants from people who are alive. Mostly the donor, the person who gives the kidney, is a relative - a parent, brother or sister. We all recognize that it's one of the most selfless things a person can do, to give a kidney to someone, but as the operation becomes safer and safer, more and more people are doing it. We talked to two sisters who have had the experience -Henrietta Longmore, a journalist aged 40, married with one son, and her sister, Teresa Parker, aged 38, married with two children. They come from a family with four children. Here's their story.Teresa Henrietta and I were close as children. She was the big sister and she was -just like a mother to us younger kids. Our parents were both doctors and our mum was very busy.We were close right through our teenage years. And then we shared a flat and had a lot of the same friends. It was great.Henrietta Yes, we've always been close. I felt very protective of my brother and sisters because, like Teresa says, our parents were always so busy. But I also felt a bit jealous of Teresa - she was my dad's favourite -but it didn't affect our relationship.Teresa Henrietta got kidney failure five years ago, but for several years she was fine and seemed quite healthy. Henrietta Yes, I never thought of asking my family for a kidney. The hospital was brilliant and I really did feel fine, most of the time.Part 2Teresa But then a year ago she became very ill and almost died. I was terrified. I knew if she died, I'd blame myself. You know, why I hadn't done more to help her. So I decided to find out more about giving her a kidney. Henrietta Yes, I did almost die. It was awful. I, I was never going to ask Teresa for a kidney but I kind of knew that she would offer. To be honest, I felt I would have done the same.Teresa Yes. At first I was a bit scared. But we went for a three-hour talk at the hospital and it was very reassuring. My whole family came. And they felt OK about it too, which was very important.Henrietta People don't know that you only need ten per cent of one kidney to be completely healthy, and kidney donors often live longer than other people.Teresa Yes, you have to be very healthy to give a kidney. The hospital makes sure of that. Anyway, after the operation I got better very fast - probably because you know you've done something worthwhile and it does make you feel very good.Henrietta I can't describe how grateful I feel to Teresa. It's such an amazing thing to do. What can I say? Her courage was, was extraordinary. She just didn't seem afraid at all.Teresa You do get a lot of praise for doing something like this. I'd like to do something that no one knows about. Outside viewSpeaker 1 Let's take a trip to Australia.Speaker 2 That sounds like fun, but I won't be able to come. I'm too busy. You can go if you promise to tell me all about it.Speaker 1 OK.Speaker 2 Oh, and get me some photos of kangaroos and koalas. I'd love to see them.Voice-over So here I am in Australia. How about a few facts to start with? Australia is the largest "island" in the world. There are over 27,000 kilometres of coastline. It's the world's smallest continent, but the sixth largest country. Its population is only 20 million, so there's a lot of space. This is Perth on the west coast. It's famous for its black swans. If you come here, you'll definitely want to go sailing. This is Uluru, or Ayers Rock. This amazing rock formation is in the traditional lands of the original inhabitants of Australia -the Aborigines. Their rock paintings have been preserved here for centuries. If you want sun, sea and sand, Queensland is the place to be. This is where you can find the famous Great Barrier Reef. It's the world's largest natural feature and is 2,300 kilometres long. Sydney is Australia's biggest city with over four million people -nearly a quarter of the entire population. The Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge are famous landmarks. If you like surfing, you'll have to visit the world-famous Bondi Beach. The smallest state is the Australian Capital Territory around the city of Canberra, which is the capital of Australia. And finally, this is Melbourne -a lively city in the southeast. I did promise pictures of koalas and kangaroos. Are these OK?Listening inPassage 1Part 1Matt So how was your visit to the USA? How did you get on?Caroline Well, it was great. A bit difficult at the start, but it got better.Matt So what happened?Caroline Well, I started my trip in New York, but the trouble was I forgot to ring my friend Dave before I left London and ask him to meet me. Then, just as the plane was landing at New York airport, this French businessman sitting next to me called Serge, gave me a warning, "You shouldn’t arrive in New York alone." This made me a bit worried, but I was going to call Dave as soon as I arrived, so I hoped I'd be OK. But when we got off the plane, I was feeling a bit nervous. As soon as I walked out into the arrivals hall this crowd of people surrounded me. And when Serge disappeared, I did feel lonely and rather foolish.Matt I can see why.Caroline And when I saw a smiling group of new arrivals, you know, tourists from England, I wanted to join them. Just as I was starting to panic, someone tapped me on the shoulder. It was Serge. I was so relieved.Matt Thank heavens for strange men!Caroline Exactly! But when I called Dave from Serge's office, he was out. It was late by now so I had to find a hotel. Serge told his driver to take me to a hotel in the Bronx. As soon as I got out of the car, two policemen in a police car stopped me and asked what I was doing in the district as it was dangerous at night. And at the reception desk, when I explained that I was on my own, they didn't want to give me a room.Matt So what did you do?Caroline Well, I had to wait at reception until the school in Albany, where I was going to work, sent an email. When the hotel knew what I was doing in the States, I got a room.Part 2Caroline Well, in the end I got in touch with Dave and spent the next few nights with his family. But it was cold, and a freezing cold wind was blowing all the time.Matt But it all went better for you after that?Caroline Well, yes, until one morning I decided to go for a walk. I was really enjoying the fresh air, when I realized that I was lost. Then I found a street, which looked like the one the fiat was on ... but then I found another one, and another one.Matt Oh no! You must have been very frightened!Caroline Well, I was. I couldn't remember the address of the flat. It was freezing cold, minus 12 degrees. I was standing by the side of the road, praying that Dave would . send out a search party when suddenly a car stopped, and the driver said, "Taxi?" I was so relieved. Within a couple of minutes I was drinking tea with Dave and the driver back home. His name was Kevin and he was on his way to work. He wasn't a taxi driver at all.Matt Was he a friend of Dave's?Caroline No, just someone who was going to work when he saw someone looking lost, I think. They can be very friendly, the Americans.Part3Caroline I then took the train to Albany. No one was waiting for me at the station, although the school where I was working was going to send someone. I later learnt that the person didn't recognize me because I was wearing a thick coat and a warm hat. So I took a taxi to the school, where I met one of the other teachers, Rebecca. She invited me to stay with her. She lived in a fiat near the schobol, which she was sharing with three other people. I didn't have much money, because I hadn't been paid yet, and I wasn't living on the school campus, so I tried to find some cheap food in the evenings. There was an old man selling hot dogs on a street corner. By the end of thefirst week, he greeted me and had a hot dog and coffee ready for me. Ah, it was an amazing experience. Passage 2There was this man, and he's riding his bike along the road, heading towards the border between Mexico and the United States. So he comes up to the border, and this guard stops him. And he points to two sacks the man has on his shoulders."What's in the bags?" says the guard."Sand," says the man on the bike.So the guard says, "Sand? Get them off your shoulders. We'll take a look."So the man on the bike did as he was told, emptied the sacks, and poured the sand on the ground."Sure enough, it's nothing but sand," says the guard, and the man on the bike loads the sand back into the sacks, puts them on his shoulders and goes across the border.Anyway, two weeks later, the man on the bike turns up at the border again, on his bike with two sacks on his shoulders.So the guard says, "What's in the sacks?" The man takes them off his shoulders, pours the sand onto the ground, puts the sand back in the sacks, puts the sacks on his shoulders, gets back on his bike and goes across the border. This goes on every week for six months, man on the bike, guard at the border, sacks on the man's shoulders, sand on the ground, sand back in the sacks, man across the border ... until one day the man on the bike with the sand bags doesn't turn up.A few days later, the guard happens to meet the man on the bike downtown. "Say friend, you sure made us crazy," says the guard. "We knew you were smuggling something across the border. I won't say a word - but what is it you were smuggling?"The man on the bike says, "Bicycles!"Outside viewCustomer 1 Hi, can I get, um, a HULK please.Customer 2 Can I have a HULK?Customer 3 I'd like to try the HULK.Voice-over Welcome to the bodyfactory, one of the hottest spots in Los Angeles.Customer 4 The service is great.Customer 5 I come to the bodyfactory quite often.Voice-over Company founder, CEO, and president, Robert Green, has made a career for himself by following his passion: health and fitness. Trained as a dancer, Robert has been an exercise instructor, a TV show host, and a successful entrepreneur. Robert has built the bodyfactory around the HULK. The HULK is a smoothie, but it's not like any other smoothie you've ever tried.Robert We have over 30 smoothies, but what seems to be the most popular smoothie is the HULK. It's absolutely amazing. We beg and we plead people to try other drinks, but the HULK is really where it's at. The HULK smoothie was created by me about 12 years ago and what's so amazing is there's nothing out there for the average consumer that contains all your green vegetables, that tastes really, really good and that actually has the nutritional breakdown that your body needs on a daily basis. So some of these ingredients include broccoli, spinach, cayenne pepper, celery, tomatoes, onions, brown rice, seaweed, sage, thyme, sea salt. With so many ingredients, people might expect it to taste not so good, but this drink is absolutely the best drink you'll ever have.Customer 6 I love the HULK. I drink it every day.Customer 4 I hate swallowing pills, so I get all of my vitamins in the HULK.Customer 7 It gets me through my day.Robert People actually develop a craving for this, an actual addiction, in a good way, for this positive food. So someone who's never worked out in their life, someone who's never eaten healthy in their life, could drink the shake and actually love drinking the shake, develop a craving for this good, quality shake. It actually makes them want to continue this new lifestyle that they have.Listening inPassage 1In 1812 a young man called James Barry finished his studies in medicine at Edinburgh University. After graduating he moved to London where he studied surgery at Guy's Hospital. After that, the popular young doctor joined the army and over the next 40 years had a brilliant career as an army medical officer, working in many far off countries and fighting successfully for improved conditions in hospitals. It was a remarkable career - made even more remarkable by the discovery upon his death that James Barry had kept an extraordinary secret.Barry was a pleasant and good-humoured person with high cheek bones, red hair, a long nose and large eyes. He was well-liked by his patients and had a reputation for great speed at surgery — an important quality at a time when operations were performed without anaesthetic. He was also quick-tempered. When he was working in armyhospitals and prisons overseas, the terrible conditions often made him very angry. He fought hard against injustice and cruelty and his temper sometimes got him into trouble with the authorities. After a long career overseas he returned to London where he died in 1865.So was this the end of the story? Not quite. When they were preparing his body for his funeral, they discovered James Barry's secret. HE was in fact a SHE. James Barry was a woman.No one was more surprised at this discovery than her many friends and colleagues. It was true that throughout her life people had remarked on her small size, slight build and smooth pale face. One officer had even objected to her appointment as a medical assistant because he couldn't believe that Barry was old enough to have graduated in medicine. But no one seriously suggested that Barry was anything other than a man.So why did James Barry deceive people for so long? At that time, a woman couldn't study medicine, work as a doctor or join the army. Perhaps Barry had always wanted to do these things and pretending to be a man was the only way to make it possible. Perhaps she was going to tell the truth one day, but didn't because she was enjoying her life as a man too much. By the time it was discovered that she was the first woman in Britain to have qualified as a doctor, it was too late for the authorities to do anything about it.Passage 2Speaker 1Interviewer Tell me about medical care in Britain. What happens when you need to go to the doctor?Speaker 1 Well, first of all, you need to register with your local doctor. And, then of course, if you need to see him or her, you have to phone in and make an appointment which can be two or three days later. But, of course, if you have an accident and it's more urgent, you go to a department called the Accident and Emergency Department, which is usually in a hospital. And, if it's really urgent, someone will call a number, which is 999 here in Britain and you, er, get an ambulance.Interviewer What about getting medicine? Do you get it from the doctor or do you get it from the chemist? Speaker 1 Well, you actually get the medicine itself from the chemist but the doctor has to prescribe the medicine first. So, you then take the prescription to the chemist's and the chemist then gives you your medicine. The medicine isn't actually at the doctor's surgery.Interviewer Right. Right. What happens about paying for medical care? How do you pay for medical treatment? Speaker 1 Ah, yea. You don't pay the doctor. The payment is covered by taxes or medical agreements between the UK and your country. But you pay a fixed charge for the medicine.Interviewer Right.Speaker 1 That you're prescribed.Interviewer I see, yes. And what happens if... you know, I hope it never happens. What happens if you, you stay in hospital?Speaker 1 Well, if you are seriously ill, you will stay in hospital and your family and friends can visit and come and see how you are but they don't usually stay actually overnight with you. And they don't need to bring you food or anything. Or look after you. I mean everything is done for you in the hospital, really.Interviewer I see. I see.Speaker 2Interviewer Tell me about medical care in the States. What do you do when you need to go to a doctor? Speaker 2OK, well, when you arrive, you choose your doctor. And, it doesn't have to be you know, exactly where you're staying -just anywhere that is convenient for you.Interviewer Uh-huh. And do you get these tests and treatment at the doctor's surgery?Speaker 2 You do indeed. The doctor will do a lot of tests on you. It's very high-tech care. They have to consider every possibility that could occur with any illness.Interviewer I see. Yeah.Speaker 2 On the other hand, if it's an emergency, if you have an accident, you call 911 and an ambulance will come and take you to your nearest hospital.Interviewer And what about getting medicine? Do you get the medicine at the doctor's or ...?Speaker 2 Yeah, you do. The doctor writes all the prescriptions for you and then you take it to the pharmacy to pick it up. And you will pay the full price for every bit of medicine that you get...Interviewer I see. So, it's quite expensive.Speaker 2 Yes, it certainly is.Interviewer I mean, how do you pay for it?Speaker 2 Well, that is a problem for some people. I mean, we do not have a national health plan here in the USA. So, you really do have to have medical insurance. You see, you know, you can be refused admission to a hospital if you don't have insurance. It's an absolute nightmare. And then you have to pay for absolutely everything. You pay for your x-rays, for your medicine, for your tests; you know for the care, for everything. And, of course, well you do get it back from your insurance company.Interviewer If you pay an insurance premium ...Speaker 2 Well, that is the thing. You absolutely -it's compulsory - you have to have it.Interviewer Right. And what about staying in hospital? What are American hospitals like?Speaker 2Well, they're very good. They're very quiet and calm. Sick people need to rest and they do not encourage large groups of people. They keep visiting hours very short.Interviewer I see. OK. Thank you.Speaker 2 You're welcome.Outside viewThe weather is a very popular topic of conversation in Britain. That's because the weather changes a lot.Sixty-five per cent of all the days in Britain are overcast - dull, grey and often cold. That's 260 dull days. What do people find to talk about? When the weather is good, people complain that it's too hot. When it rains, they say it's too wet. When it isn't sunny, they say it's too cold. The seasons in Britain are fairly clear. Winter lasts from December to February. It's cold and wet but doesn't often snow. Spring is from March to May. It starts to get a bit warmer and there are more sunny days. The summer months are June, July and August, when it can be very hot. Then the autumn - September, October, November - often has foggy, cold, wet days, and the leaves fall from the trees. It's not surprising that Britain has got one of the most important weather centres in the world. The Met Office employs over 1,000 years. They provide weather forecasts for radio, television and newspapers - and on the Internet. Two huge supercomputers analyze information from many sources, including satellites. This is very different from some of the early weather forecasts. These instruments were used for the earliest weather forecasts. This is the first one - published in The Times in 1879. Scientists at the Met Office make weather forecasts for the public and for special purposes - military, shipping, airlines and many others. The Met Office also looks at environmental issues such as global warming and climate change. The computers can predict the tropical storms and hurricanes that cause so much damage around the world. The trouble is, weather changes very quickly so nobody ever believes the weather forecast. They still go out in their shorts and get wet! But at least it's something to talk about.Listening inPassage 1Bridget These days everyone is talking about building houses that are eco-friendly - houses that use energy as efficiently as possible. But although there's a lot of talk about eco-houses, not many people have actually built one. Today we talk to a young couple who have done exactly that. Jacky and Lenny Carter are in their 30s with one child, and their house in west Wales is a splendid example of what an eco-house should be. I'm here now at their house and they're going to show me round it.Jacky Hi, Bridget.Lenny Welcome.Bridget It's great to see you. It's quite cold out here.Lenny Yes, do you want to come in?Bridget I'd love to, but can we look at the outside of the house first?Lenny Sure.Bridget It's very attractive. It's built of timber and it's two storeys high.Jacky Yes, we got the timber from Sweden, where they know how to build wooden houses, but it's reclaimed wood, wood that's been used before.Bridget I like the house a lot. So tell me more about it. When did you first start thinking about building an eco-house?Lenny We thought about it for years. It was our dream, really, wasn't it, Jacky?Jacky Yes, when we met we found that we both wanted to do the same thing - build a house that used as little energy as possible.Bridget So how did you do it?Lenny Well, we bought a very old cottage and we knocked it down. That was the first step.Jacky We found an architect who had some experience with eco-houses and we spent about eight months designing the house. We used local builders and as much as possible, local materials.Bridget And those are solar panels on the roof, aren't they?Lenny Yes. They provide hot water in summer and warm water in winter for the underfloor heating.Bridget Underfloor heating? Can we go inside and take a look?Lenny Sure.Bridget It's lovely and warm in here. And gosh, yes, the floors do feel warm. Urn, lovely.Jacky Yes, we love the underfloor heating. And it's so cheap, compared to using electricity.Bridget So how much are your heating bills?Jacky Very low. They've gone down by about 70 per cent.Bridget That's a lot of money you've saved.Jacky Absolutely. Let's go into the kitchen.Bridget What a wonderful kitchen. Did you put it in yourselves?Lenny Yes, we did. It's made of reclaimed wood again.。

Unit 1Pirates of the InternetIt’s no secret that online piracy has decimated the music industry as millions of people stopped buying CDs and started stealing their favorite songs by downloading them from the internet. Now the hign-tech thieves are coming after Hollywood. Illegal downloading of full-length feature films is a relatively new phenomenon, but it’s becoming easier and easier to do. The people running America’s movie studios know that if they don’t do something----and fast---they could be in the same boat as the record companies. Correspodent: “What’s really at stake for the movie industry with all this privacy?” Chernin: “Well, I think, you know, ultimately, our absolute features.” Peter Chernin runs 20th Century Fox, one of the biggest studios in Hollywood. He knows the pirates of the Internet are gaining on him. Correspont: “Do you know how many movies are being downloaded today, in one day, in the United States?” Chernin: “I think it’s probably in the hundreds of thousands, if not millions.” Correspondent: “And it’s only going to grow.” Chernin: “It’s only going to grow. √Somebody can put a perfect digital copy up on the internet. A perfect digital copy, all right. And with the click of mouse, send out a million copies all over the world, in an instant.”5And it’s all free. If that takes hold, kiss Hollywood goodbye. Chernin recently organized a “summit” between studio moguls and some highschool and college kids---the people most likely to be downloading. Chernin: “And we said, ‘Let’s come up with a challenge. Let’s give them five movies, and see if they can find them online.’ And we all sat around and picked five movies, four of which hadn’t been released yet. And then we came back half an hour later. They had found all five movies that we gav e them. ” Correspondent: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet?” Chernin: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet.” Correspondent: “Did these kids have any sense that they were stealing?” Chernin: “You know it’s… it’s a weird dichotom y. I think they know it’s stealing, and I don’t think they think it’s wrong. I think they have an attitude of, ‘It’s here.’” The Internet copy of last year’s hit Signs, starring Mel Gibson, was stolen even before director M. Night Shyamalan could organize the premiere. Correspondent: “The movie was about to be released. When did the first bootleg copy appear?”6Shyamalan: “Two weeks before it or three weeks before it. Before the Internet age, when somebody bootlegged a movie, the only outlet they had was to see it to those vendors on Times Square, where they had the boxes set up outside and they say, ‘Hey, we have Signs---it’s not even out yet.’ And you walk by and you know it’s illegal. But now, because it’s the digital age, you can see, like, a clean copy. It’s no longer the kind of the sleazy guy in Times Square with the box. It’s just, oh, it’s on this。

英语高级视听说上册Unit1PiratesofInternet录音文本Summer has always been a profitable season for Hollywood, as millions of people buy tickets to see new blockbuster movies.But this summer is also a time of worry and fear for America's film studios, because the pirates of the Internet are gaining on them.Almost every new film can now be found on the Internet -- and downloaded for free as soon as it's released, and sometimes even before.As Correspondent Lesley Stahl first reported last year, it may be illegal, but it's becoming easier and easier to do.The people running America's movie studios know that if they don't do something - fast - they could be in the same boat as the record companies.But what's really at stake for the movie industry with all this piracy?Ultimately, our absolute future,? says Peter Chernin, who runs 20th Century Fox, one of the biggest studios in Hollywood.He knows the pirates of the Internet are gaining on him.I think it's probably in the hundreds of thousands, if not millions,? says Chernin. ?It's only gonna grow. Somebody can put a perfect digital copy up on the Internet. And with the click of a mouse, send out a million copies all over the world, in an instant.?And it's all free. Chernin organized a "summit" between studio moguls and some high school and college kids -- the people most likely to be downloading.And we said, ?Let's come up with a challenge,'? says Chernin. ?Let's give them five movies, and see if they can find them online. And we all sat around and picked five movies, fourof which haven't been released yet. And then we came back half-an-hour later. They had found all five movies that we gave them.?Did these kids have any sense that they were stealing?I think they know it's stealing, and I don't think they think it's wrong,? says Chernin. ?I think they have an attitude of, ?It's there.??An Internet copy of the hit movie, "Signs," starring Mel Gibson, was stolen even before director M. Night Shyamalan could organize the premiere.In fact, Shyamalan said the first bootleg copy appeared a few weeks before thepremiere: ?Before the Internet age, when somebody bootlegged a movie, the only outlet they had was to sell it to those vendors on Times Square, where they had the boxes set up outside and they say, ?Hey, we have "Signs" - it's not even out yet.? And you walk by and you know it's illegal. But now, because it's the digital age, you can see a clean copy. It's no longer the kind of the sleazy guy in Times Square, with the box. It's just, oh, it's on this beautiful site, and I have to go, ?Click.?"So how did this happen?Through an absolute act of theft,? says Chernin. ?Someone steals a print from the editor's room; someone steals a print from the person; the composer who's doing the music ... steals a print, makes a digital copy, and uploads it.?Digital copies like "The Matrix Reloaded" have also been bootlegged from DVDs sent to reviewers or ad agencies, or circulated among companies that do special effects, or subtitles.The other way that pre-released movies end up (stolen) is that there are lots of screenings that happen in this industry,? adds Chernin. ?People go to those screenings with a camcorder,with a digital camcorder, sit in the back, turn the camcorder on...?It used to take forever to download a movie, but anyone with a high-speed Internet connection can now have a full-length film in an hour or two.In fact, there are many Web sites where hackers will announce their piracy releases, says Randy Saaf, who runs a company called Media Defender that helps movie studios combat online piracy.Stahl asked him to show her Kazaa, which he calls "the largest peer-to-peer network.?It's called peer-to-peer because computer users are sharing files with each other, with no middleman. All Kazaa does is provide the software to make that sharing possible. When 60 Minutes went online with Saaf, nearly four million other Kazaa users were also there, sharing every kind of digital file.Audio, documents, images, software, and video. If you wanted a movie, you would click on the video section, and then you would type in a search phrase,? says Saaf. ?And basically what this is doing now, it is asking people on the peer-to-peer network, ?Who has 'Finding Nemo'?"Within seconds, 191 computers sent an answer: "We have it."With crisp picture and sound, ?Finding Nemo? was downloaded free from Kazaa a month before its release for video rental or sale.And now, you don?t even have to watch a movie on a little computer screen. On the newest computers, you can just "burn" the movie onto a DVD and watch it on your big-screen TV.And that's a dagger pointed right at the heart of Hollywood. ?Where movies make the bulk of their money is on DVD and home videos,? says Chernin. ?Fifty percent of therevenues for any movie come out of home video ... so that if piracy occurs and it wipes out your home video profits or ultimately your television profits...?And as movies continued to be made, Shyamalan says they wouldn't be any good, because profits would be negligible, so budgets would shrink dramatically: ?And slowly it will degrade what's possible in that art form.?Technology always wins. Always. You can't shut it down,? says Wayne Rosso, Hollywood's enemy. They call him a pirate, but officially he's the president of Grokster, another peer-to-peer network that works just like Kazaa.60 Minutes downloaded Grokster?s software for free and asked Rosso questions about his network.We're like radio. We're advertising supported,? says Rosso, who estimates that 10 million people have used Grokster each month.He says he has no way of knowing what people are downloading, ?and we can't stop it. We have no control over it.?And Rosso has the law on his side. A federal judge has ruled that Grokster and other file-swapping networks are not liable for what their downloaders are doing.So we're completely legal, and unfortunately this is something the entertainment industry refuses to accept,? says Rosso. ?They seem to think the judge's decision was nothing but a typo.?The studios are appealing that court ruling. And they may follow the music industry and begin to sue individuals who download movies.But they're also fighting the pirates in other ways, with ads about people whose jobs are at risk because of the piracy -people like the carpenters and painters who work on film sets.At the same time, Hollywood is trying to keep copies of movies from leaking in thefirst place.You will very seldom go to an early screening of a movie right now where someone's not in the front of that auditorium with infrared binoculars looking for somebody with a camcorder,? says Chernin.And once a movie's released, or if copies begin to leak, the studios hire people like Randy Saaf to hack the hackers.What we're just trying to do is make the actual pirated content difficult to find. And the way we do that is by, you know, serving up fake files,? says Saaf.It's called "spoofing," and Saaf and his employees spend their days on Kazaa and Grokster, offering up thousands of files that look like copies of new movies, but aren't.It might just be a blank screen or something,? says Saaf. ?Typically speaking, what we push out is just not the real content.?But Rosso says it won?t work: ?It doesn't work because what happens is that the community cleanses itself of the spoofs.?What he means is that downloaders will quickly spread the word online about how to tell the fake movie files from the real thing.It's like an arms race,? says Chernin. ?There will be, you know, they're gonna get a step ahead. We're gonna try and get that step back.?But I'll tell you one thing: I'll bet on the hackers,? says Rosso, who believes the hackers will break whatever block the studios come up with.Hollywood knows that downloading off the Internet is the way millions of consumers want to get their entertainment -- and that isn't going away.The generally accepted estimate is that more than 60 million Americans have downloaded file-sharing software onto their computers,? says Chernin. ?That?s a mainstream product. That's not a bunch of college kids or, you know, a bunch of computer geeks. That's America.?So, instead of trying to stop it entirely, the studios are looking for ways to embrace it, but also get paid.Rosso says the best way is to negotiate some kind of licensing deal with him. And he says he would sell Grokster to a movie studio in a heartbeat: ?If the movie industryacts now and starts exploring alternatives and solutions with guys like me, hopefully they won't have a problem.?The idea of making deals with what Chernin calls "a bunch of crooks" doesn't appeal to Hollywood. Instead, Fox and the other studios have just launched their own site, Movielink, where consumers can download a film for a modest fee, between three and five dollars.I think you would love the idea that you don't have to go to the video store. You can do this,? says Chernin. ?And that's what we're working on. But in order for that to be effective, we have to stop piracy, because the most effective business model in the world can't compete with free.?The movie studios may begin to file their lawsuits against individual downloaders before the end of this summer.Director M. Night Shyamalan's new film, "The Village," premiered on July 30. The first bootleg copy of the movie appeared on the Internet the next day.Since 60 Minutes did this story, Rosso announced he was leaving Grokster to take over as president of another big file-swapping software company based in Spain. Grokster was to continue under new management.。

上外版英语高级视听说上册听力原文Unit 1Pirates of the InternetIt’s no secret that online piracy has decimated the music industry as millions of people stopped buying CDs and started stealing their favorite songs by downloading them from the internet. Now the hign-tech thieves are coming after Hollywood. Illegal downloading of full-length feature films is a relatively new phenomenon, but it’s becoming easier and easier to do. The people running America’s movie studios know that if they don’t do something----and fast---they could be in the same boat as the record companies. Correspodent: “What’s really at stake for the movie industry with all this privacy?” Chernin: “Well, I think, you know, ultimately, our absolute features.” Peter Chernin runs 20th Century Fox, one of the biggest studios in Hollywood. He knows the pirates of the Internet are gaining on him. Correspont: “Do you know how many movies are being downloaded today, in one day, in the United States?” Chernin: “I think it’s probably in the hundreds of thousand s, if not millions.” Correspondent: “And it’s only going to grow.” Chernin: “It’s only going to grow. √Somebody can put a perfect digital copy up on the internet. A perfect digital copy, all right. And with the click of mouse, send out a million copies all over the world, in an instant.”5And it’s all free. If that takes hold, kiss Hollywood goodbye. Chernin recently organized a “summit” between studio moguls and some highschool and college kids---the people most likely to be downloading. Chernin: “And we said, ‘Let’s come up with a challenge. Let’s give them five movies, and see if they can find them online.’ And we all sat around and picked five movies, four of which hadn’t been released yet. And then we came back half an hour later. They had found all five movies that we gave them. ” Correspondent: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet?” Chernin: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet.” Correspondent: “Did these kids have any sense that they were stealing?” Chernin: “You know it’s…it’s a weird dichotomy. I think they know it’s stealing, and I don’t think they think it’s wrong. I think they have an attitude of, ‘It’s here.’” The Internet copy of last year’s hit Signs, starring Mel Gibson, was stolen even before director M. Night Shyamalan could organize the premiere. Correspondent: “The movie was about to be released. When did the first bootleg copy appear?”6Shyamalan: “Two weeks before it or three weeks before it. Before the Internet age, when somebody bootlegged a movie, the only outlet they had was to see it to those vendors on Times Square, where they had the boxes set up outside and they say, ‘Hey, we have Signs---it’s not even out yet.’ And you walk by and you know it’s illegal. But now, because it’s the digital age, you can s ee, like, a clean copy. It’s no longer the kind of the sleazy guy in Times Square with the box. It’s just, oh, it’s on thisbeautiful site, and I have to go, ‘Click.’” Correspondent: “How did those movies get on the Internet? How did that happen?” Chernin:“Through an absolute act of theft. Someone steals a print from the editor’s room; someone steals a print from the person; the composer who’s doing the music…absolute physical theft, steals a print, makes a digital copy, and uploads it.” Correspondent: “And there you go.” Digital copies like this one of The Matrix Reloaded have also been bootlegged from DVDs sent to reviewers or ad agencies, or circulated among companies that do special effects, or subtitles. Chernin: “The other way that pre-released movies end up (stolen) is that people go to … there are lots of screenings that happen in this industry… People go to those screenings with a camcorder, with a digital camcorder, sit in the back, turn the camcorder on…”Correspondent: “And record it.” This is on e of those recorded-off-the-screen copies of Disney’s Pirates of the Caribbean. Not great quality, but not awful either. And while it used to take forever to download a movie, anyone with a high-speed Internet connection can now have a full-length film in an hour or two.Saaf: “Well, this is just one of many websites where basically people, hackers if you will, announce their piracy releases.” Randy Saaf runs a company called Media Defender that helps movie studios combatonline piracy.Correspondent: “Loo k at this, all these new movies that I haven’t even seen yet, all here.” Saaf: “ Yep.” Correspondent: “Secondhand Lions that just came out. Sometimes I feel like I’m the only person in this country who has never downloaded anything. But maybe there is a few others of us out there. So I’m goi ng to ask you to show us Kazaa, that’s the biggest downloading site, right?” Saaf: “Right. This is the Kazaa media desktop. Kazaa is the largest peer-to-peer network.” It’s called peer-to-peer because computer users are sharing files8with each other, with no middleman. All Kazaa do es is provide the software to make that sharing possible. When we went online with Randy Saaf, nearly four million other Kazaa users were there with us, sharing every kind of digital file. Saa f: “Audio, documents, images, software, and video. If you wanted a movie, you would click on the video section, and then you would type in a search phrase. And basically what this is doing now, it is asking the people on the peer-to-peer network,‘Who has Finding Memo’?” Within seconds, 191 computers sent an answer: “We have it.” This is Finding Memo, crisp picture and sound, downloaded free from Kazaa a month before its release for video rental or sale. If you don’t want to watch it on a little computer screen, you don’t have to. On the newest computers, you can just “burn” it onto a DVD and watch it on your big-screen TV. 5.And that’s a dagger pointed right at theheart of Hollywood.Chernin: “Where movies make the bulk of their money is on DVD and home videos. 50 percent of the revenues for any movie come out of home video…” Correspondent: “15 percent?” Chernin: “50 percent so that if piracy occurs and it wipes out your home video profits or ultimately your television profits, you are out of business. Nom ovies will get made.” Even if movies did get made, Night Shyamalan says that wouldn’t be any good, because profits would be negligible, so budgets would shrink dramatically. Shyamalan: “And slowly it will degrade what’s possible in that art form.” Rosso: “Technology always wins. Always. You can’t shut it down.” Wayne Rosso is Hollywood’s enemy. They call him a pirate, but officially he’s the president of Grokster, another peer-to-peer network that works just like Kazaa. Correspondent: “Ok, I have downloaded your softwar e.” Rosso: “Right.” Correspondent: “Ok, did I pay to do that?” Rosso: “No, it’s free.” Correspondent: “So who pays you? How do you make money?” Rosso: “We’re like radio. We are advertising-supported.” Correspondent: “And how many people use Gr okster?” Rosso: “Ten million.” Correspondent: “Ten million people have used it.” Rosso: “A month.” Correspondent: “Every month, ten million people?” Rosso: “Uh-huh, uh-huh. And growing.”10Correspondent: “Use it to download music, movies, software, video games, what else?” Rosso: “I will assume. See, we have no way of knowing what people are downloading.” Correspondent: “That’s just a fig leaf. You are facilitating, allowing, helping people steal.” Rosso: “We have no idea what the content is, and whatever it is…” Correspondent: “Well, you may not know the specifics, but you know that’s what your site…” Rosso: “And we can’t stop it. We have no control over it.” Correspondent: “But you are there for that purpose, that is why you exist, of course it is.” Rosso: “No, no, no, no, no, no.” Correspondent: “Come on, this is the fig leaf part.” Rosso: “No, no, no, no, no.” Shyamalan:“He is totally conformable with putting on his site a stolen piece of material. Am I wrong in that? If my movie was bootlegged, he’d be totally comfortable putting it on his site?” Correspondent: “Because I have nothing to do with it.” Shyamalan:“Yeah, right.” Correspondent: “Because I just provided the software.” Shyamalan:“Yeah, right. So, immediately, how can you ever have a11conversa tion with him? Because he’s taken a stolen material and he is totally fine with passing it around in his house. All these, all these are illegal activities. So, I’m not, it’s just my house, I’m not doing anything wrong.” But it is Rosso who has the law on his side. A federal judge has ruled that Grokster and other file-swapping networks are notliable for what their downloaders are doing. Rosso: “So we are completely legal, and unfortunately this is something the entertainment industry refuses to accept. Th ey seem to think the judge’s decision was nothing but a typo.” The studios are appealing that court ruling. And they may follow the music industry and begin to sue individuals who download movies. And they are fighting the pirates in other ways, with ads about people whose jobs are at risk because of the piracy---people like the carpenters and painters who work on film sets. At the same time, Hollywood is trying to keep copies of movies from leaking in the first place. Chernin: “ You will very seldom go to an early screening of a movie right now where, probably you don’t notice until you pay attention, someone’s not in the front of that auditorium with infrared binoculars looking for somebody with a camcorder.”12And once a movie is released, or copies do begin to leak, the studios hire people like Randy Saaf to hack the hackers. Saaf: “What we’re just trying to do is make the actual pirated content difficult to find. And the way we do that is by, you know, serving up fake files.” It’s called “spoofing.” Saa f and his employees spend their days on Kazaa and Grokster, offering up thousands of files that look like copies of new movies, but aren’t. Correspondent: “So if I had clicked on any number of those Finding Nemo offerings, I could have clicked on one of yours, orsomebody like you. And what would I have found after my hour and a half of downloading?” Saaf: “it might just be a blank screen or something. You know, typically speaking, what we push out is just not the real content.” Correspondent: “What you are trying to do is make this so impossible, so infuriating that people will just throw up their hands and say it’s just easier for me to go rent this thing, buy the DVD or whatever, it’s just easier.” Saaf: “Right.” Correspondent: “That’s your goal.” Saaf：：“Right.”13Correspondent: “Does that work? Is that a good idea?” Rosso: “No. It doesn’t work. I mean I don’t blame them but it doesn’t work because what happens is that the community cleanses itself of the spoofs.” He means that downloaders quickly sprea d the word online about how to tell the fake movie files from the real thing. Correspondent: “It’s like an arms race(军备竞赛）, isn’t it?” Chernin: “That’s exactly what it’s like. It’s like an arms race. There will be, you know, they’re gonna get a step ahead. We’re gonna try and get that step back.” Rosso: “But I’ll tell you one thing: I’ll bet on the hackers.” Correspondent: “That they will break whatever…” Rosso: “The studios come up with.” Correspondent: “The companies throw at them.”Hollywood knows that downloading off the Internet is the way millions of consumers want to get their entertainment---and that isn’tgoing away. Chernin: “The generally accepted estimate is that more that 60 million Americans have downloaded file-sharing software onto their comp uters.” Correspondent: “60 million.”14Chernin: “At 60 million Americans, that’s a mainstream product. That’s not a bunch of college kids or, you know, a bunch of computer geeks. That’s America.” So, instead of trying to stop it entirely, the studios are looking for ways to embrace it, but get paid too. Wayne Rosso says the best way is to negotiate some kinds of licensing deal with him. Rosso: “If the movie industry acts now and starts exploring alternatives and solutions with guys like me, hopefully they won’t have a problem.” Correspondent: “What if they try to buy you?” Rosso: “I’d sell it in al heartbeat.” Correspondent: “You would sell, Grokster would sell to a movie studio?” Rosso: “Sure, call me.” The idea of making deals with what Peter Chernin call s “a bunch of crooks” doesn’t appeal to Hollywood. Instead, Fox and other studios have just launched their own site, Movielink, where consumers can download a film for a modest fee, between three and five dollars. Chernin: “I think you would love the idea that you don’t have to go to the video store. You can do this. And that’s what we’re working15on. But in order for that to be effective, we have to stop privacy, because the most effective business model in the world can’t compete with free.” Not that Peter Chernin is interested, but he won’t have the chance to buy Grokster, at least not from Wayne Rosso. A few days ago, Rosso announced that he is leaving Grokster to take over as president of another file-swapping software company, this one based in Spain. Grokster will continue under new management.Unit 2A plan to build the world's first airport for launching commercial spacecraft in New Mexico is the latest development in the new space race, a race among private companies and billionaire entrepreneurs to carry paying passengers into space and to kick-start a new industry, astro tourism.The man who is leading the race may not be familiar to you, but to astronauts, pilots, and aeronautical engineers – basically to anyone who knows anything about aircraft design – Burt Rutan is a legend, an aeronautical engineer whose latest aircraft is the world's first private spaceship. As he told 60 Minutes correspondent Ed Bradley when he first met him a little over a year ago, if his idea flies, someday space travel may be cheap enough and safe enough for ordinary people to go where only astronauts have gone beforeThe White Knight is a rather unusual looking aircraft, built just for the purpose of carrying a rocket plane called SpaceShipOne, the first spacecraft built by private enterprise.White Knight and SpaceShipOne are the latest creations of Burt Rutan. They're part of his dream to develop a commercial travel business in space."There will be a new industry. And we are just now in a beginning. I will predict that in 12 or 15 years, there will be tens of thousands, maybe even hundreds of thousands of people that fly, and see that black sky," says Rutan.On June 21, 2004, White Knight took off from an airstrip in Mojave, Calif., carrying Rutan's spaceship. It took 63 minutes to reach the launch altitude of 47,000 feet. Once there, the White Knight crew prepared to release the spaceship.The fierce acceleration slammed Mike Melvill, the pilot, back in his seat.He put SpaceShipOne into a near vertical trajectory, until, as planned, the fuel ran out.Still climbing like a spent bullet, Melvill hoped to gain as much altitude as possible to reach space before the ship began falling back to earth.By the time the spaceship reached the end of its climb, it was 22 miles off course. But it had, just barely, reached an altitude of just over 62 miles — the internationally recognized boundary of space.It was the news Rutan had been waiting for. Falling back to Earth from an altitude of 62 miles, SpaceShipOne's tilting wing, a revolutionary innovation called the feather, caused the rocket plane to position itself for a relatively benign re-entry and turned the spaceship into a glider.SpaceShipOne glided to a flawless landing before a crowd of thousands."After that June flight, I felt like I was floating around and just once in a while touching the ground," remembers Rutan. "We had an operable space plane."Rutan's "operable space plane" was built by a company with only 130 employees at a cost of just $25 million. He believes his success has ended the government's monopoly on space travel, and opened it up to the ordinary citizen."I concluded that for affordable travel to happen, the little guy had to do it because he had the incentive for a business," says Rutan.Does Rutan view this as a business venture or a technological challenge?"It's a technological challenge first. And it's a dream I had when I was 12," he says.Rutan started building model airplanes when he was seven years old, in Dyenuba,Calif., where he grew up."I was fascinated by putting balsa wood together and see how it would fly," he remembers. "And when I started having the capability to do contests and actually win a trophy by making a better model, then I was hooked."He's been hooked ever since. He designed his first airplane in 1968 and flew it four years later. Since then his airplanes have become known for their stunning looks, innovative design and technological sophistication.Rutan began designing a spaceship nearly a decade ago, after setting up set up his own aeronautical research and design firm. By the year 2000, he had turned his designs into models and was testing them outside his office.When I got to the point that I knew that I could make a safe spaceship that would fly a manned space mission -- when I say, 'I,' not the government, our little team -- I told Paul Allen, 'I think we can do this.' And he immediately said, 'Go with it.'"Paul Allen co-founded Microsoft and is one of the richest men in the world. His decision to pump $25 million into Rutan's company, Scaled Composites, was the vote of confidence that his engineers needed to proceed."That was a heck of a challenge to put in front of some people like us, where we're told, 'Well, you can't do that. You wanna see? We can do this," says Pete Sebold.Work on White Knight and SpaceShipOne started four years ago in secret. Both aircraft were custom made from scratch by a team of 12 engineers using layers of tough carbon fabric glued together with epoxy. Designed to be light-weight, SpaceShipOne can withstand the stress of re-entry because of the radical way it comes back into the atmosphere, like a badminton shuttlecock or a birdie.He showed 60 Minutes how it works."Feathering the wing is kind of a dramatic thing, in that it changes the whole configuration of the airplane," he explains. "And this is done in space, okay?It's done after you fly into space.""We have done six reentries. Three of them from space and three of them from lower altitudes. And some of them have even come down upside down. And the airplane by itself straightens itself right up," Rutan explains.By September 2004, Rutan was ready for his next challenge: an attempt to win a $10 million prize to be the first to fly a privately funded spacecraft into space, and do it twice in two weeks."After we had flown the June flight, and we had reached the goal of our program, then the most important thing was to win that prize," says Rutan.That prize was the Ansari X Prize – an extraordinary competition created in 1996 to stimulate private investment in space.The first of the two flights was piloted, once again, by Mike Melvill.September's flight put Melville's skill and training to the test. As he was climbing out of the atmosphere, the spacecraft suddenly went into a series of rolls.How concerned was he?"Well, I thought I could work it out. I'm very confident when I'm flying a plane when I've got the controls in my hand. I always believed I can fix this no matter how bad it gets," says Melville.SpaceShipOne rolled 29 times before he regained control. The remainder of the flight was without incident, and Melvill made the 20-minute glide back to the Mojave airport. The landing on that September afternoon was flawless.Because Rutan wanted to attempt the second required flight just four days later, the engineers had little time to find out what had gone wrong. Working 12-hour shifts, they discovered they didn't need to fix the spacecraft, just the way in which the pilots flew it.For the second flight, it was test pilot Brian Binnie's turn to fly SpaceShipOne.The spaceship flew upward on a perfect trajectory, breaking through to space.Rutan's SpaceShipOne had flown to space twice in two weeks, captured the X Prize worth $10 million, and won bragging rights over the space establishment."You know I was wondering what they are feeling, 'They' being that other space agency," Rutan says laughing. "You know, quite frankly, I think the big guys, the Boeings, the Lockheeds, the nay-say people at Houston, I think they're looking at each other now and saying 'We're screwed!' Because, I'll tell you something, I have a hell of a lot bigger goal than they do!""The astronauts say that the most exciting experience is floating around in a space suit," says Rutan, showing off his own plans. "But I don't agree. A space suit is an awful thing. It constrains you and it has noisy fans running. Now look over here.It's quiet. And you're out here watching the world go by in what you might call a'spiritual dome.' Well, that, to me, is better than a space suit because you're not constrained."He also has a vision for a resort hotel in space, and says it all could be accomplished in the foreseeable future. Rutan believes it is the dawn of a new era.He explains, "I think we've proven now that the small guys can build a space ship and go to space. And not only that, we've convinced a rich guy, a very rich guy, to come to this country and build a space program to take everyday people to space."That "rich guy" is Richard Branson, the English billionaire who owns Virgin Atlantic Airlines. Branson has signed a $120 million deal with Rutan to build five spaceships for paying customers. Named "Virgin Galactic," it will be the world's first "spaceline." Flights are expected to begin in 2008."We believe by flying tens of thousands of people to space, and making that a profitable business, that that will lead into affordable orbital travel," says Rutan.Rutan thinks there "absolutely" is a market for this.With tickets initially going for $200,000, the market is limited. Nevertheless, Virgin Galactic says 38,000 people have put down a deposit for a seat, and 90 of those have paid the full $200,000.But Rutan has another vision. "The goal is affordable travel above low-Earth orbit. In other words, affordable travel for us to go to the moon. Affordable travel. That means not just NASA astronauts, but thousands of people being able to go to the moon," he says. "I'd like to go. Wouldn't you?"By Harry RadliffeUnited 3For 300 years, the sea has been closing in on New Orleans. As the coastal erosion continues, it is estimated the city will be off shore in 90 years. Even in good weather, New Orleans is sinking. As the city begins what is likely to be the biggest demolition project in U.S. history, the question is, can we or should we put New Orleans back together again?Life has been returning to high and dry land on Bourbon Street, but to find the monumental challenge facing the city you have to visit neighborhoods you have never heard of. On Lizardi Street, 60 Minutes took a walk with the men in charge of finishing what Katrina started.Correspondent Scott Pelley reports.Before Katrina, "There would be noise and activity and families and people, and children, and, you know, I haven't seen a child in a month here," says Greg Meffert, a city official who, with his colleague Mike Centineo, is trying to figure out how much of the city will have to be demolished.Meffert, who is in charge of city planning, says it is "very possible" up to 50,000 houses will have to be bulldozed. Right now, most of the homes in the city are uninhabitable.Meffert faces a difficult task. Every time he goes to a house site here, he says, "It's one more knife in me that says, 'She did another one. She did another one,'" explains Meffert, "she" meaning Hurricane Katrina.When you walk through these neighborhoods and you see the houses, you get a sense of the pain of the individual families. But you don't get a sense of what has happened to the city of New Orleans itself.It is estimated that there were 200,000 homes in New Orleans, and 120,000 of them were damaged by the flood.The part of the city known as the lower Ninth Ward received some of the heaviest flooding. The houses are splintered block after block after block, almost as if the city had been carpet-bombed in war.Meffert says that before the storm, New Orleans had a population of470,000-480,000 people. Realistically, he thinks that half of those residents won't be coming back.The possessions of thousands of families, the stuff collected over lifetimes is suddenly garbage, clawed up into mountains in city parks. With so much gone already, should New Orleans pick up right where it was?"We should be thinking about a gradual pullout of New Orleans, and starting to rebuild people's homes, businesses and industry in places that can last more than 80 years," says Tim Kusky, a professor of earth sciences at St. Louis University.Kusky talks about a withdrawal of the city and explains that coastal erosion was thrown into fast forward by Katrina. He says by 2095, the coastline will pass the city and New Orleans will be what he calls a "fish bowl.""Because New Orleans is going to be 15 to 18 feet below sea level, sitting off the coast of North America surrounded by a 50- to 100-foot-tall levee system to protect the city," explains Kusky.He says the city will be completely surrounded by the Gulf of Mexico just 90 years from now.Since this story aired on Nov. 20, there has been considerable discussion about whether New Orleans really is sinking, including on CBS News' blog, Public Eye."That's the projection, because we are losing land on the Mississippi Delta at a rate of 25 to 30 square miles per year. That's two acres per hour that are sinking below sea level," says Kusky.That process could only be slowed, in theory, by massive restoration of wetlands. In the meantime, while Kusky's advice is to head for the hills, some New Orleans residents are hoping to head home.Vera Fulton has lived most of her 81 years on Lizardi Street and returned to her home recently for the first time since being evacuated."When they say 'storm,' I leave. I can't swim and I can't drink it. So what I do, I leave," says Vera, who has lost her home to two hurricanes.Vera is intent on coming back. "I don't have no other home, where I'm going?"Three generations of Fultons, Vera's son Irvin Jr., his wife Gay and their son Irvin, 3rd, live around Lizardi Street.Irvin says his house is "just flat" and he didn't have insurance.That's the dilemma. The only thing they have left is land prone to disaster. They want to rebuild, and the city plans to let them.At Vera's house, Mike Centenio, the city's top building official, told 60 Minutes homes can go up as long as they meet what is called the "100-year flood level."The federal government had set a flood-level, but didn't figure on a levee failure that would flood parts of the city.The official level is several feet off the ground. If people meet the requirement, they can rebuild their homes, despite the fact that we saw, for example, a refrigerator lifted to the top of a carport by the floodwaters.Asked whether allowing people to rebuild makes sense, Centenio says it is "going to take some studying."Right now, he says the flood level requirement is the law.Twelve weeks after the storm hit, no one has an answer to where people should go. An estimated 80,000 homes had no insurance, and for now, the biggest grant a family can get from the federal government is $26,200.Those without flood insurance face an uncertain road ahead, trying to piece their lives and homes back together."I don't think any of us get to be made whole. I don't know of anybody that's even getting back to where they were. It's just a matter of how much you lost," says Meffert.No one wants to risk more losses until the levees are fixed but there is not a lot of confidence in that. There's evidence some of the levee walls may have failed from bad design or lousy workmanship.Fixing them is up to Colonel Richard Wagenaar, who told 60 Minutes, that by next summer, the levees will withstand a Category 3 storm. But for a Category 5 storm, Congress would have to double the levee height to 30 feet.。

英语高级视听说上册听力原文上外版Unit 4For much of 2005, the news out of Iraq has overshadowed what has been going on in Afghanistan, where 18,000 U.S. troops are still fighting and dying along the Pakistan border in battles with the Taliban, al Qaeda and other Muslim extremist groups.The rest of Afghanistan, at least compared to Iraq, appears relatively peaceful. But the country is facing another threat to its stability — its growing addiction the production and trafficking of heroin, which is controlled by some of the most powerful people in the country.Correspondent ,Steve Kroft, reports.Afghanistan is now the world's largest exporter of heroin, and the opium used to produce it, supplying 87 percent of the world market. And it is creating an infrastructure of crime and corruption that threatens the government of President Hamid Karzai.The heroin trade begins with fields of opium poppies grown in almost every province of Afghanistan. Last year, according to the U.S. state department, 206,000 hectares were cultivated, a half a million acres, producing 4,000 tons of opium, most of which was converted into 400 tons of illegal morphine and heroin in laboratories around the country.How much opium and heroin is that?"It is not only the largest heroin producer in the world, 206,000 hectares is the largest amount of heroin or of any drug that I think has ever been produced by any one country in any given year," says Robert Charles, who until last spring was assistant secretary of state for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement, overseeing anti-drug operations in Afghanistan.Charles says Afghanistan is producing more heroin than Colombia is producing cocaine.After 25 years of war, it is the country's main cash crop, contributing nearly three billion dollars a year in illegal revenues to the Afghan economy, which equals 50 percent of the gross national product.The laundered proceeds are no doubt funding much of the rebuilding of Kabul, which is experiencing a major construction boom.But the best way to illustrate the sheer volume of the drug trade is to tour the basement vault underneath Afghanistan's Counter Narcotics police in Kabul, whereone and a half tons of heroins, just seized in the provinces, was awaiting destruction.One and a half tons of pure heroin is much larger than the biggest shipment ever seized in the United States, and once cut and repackaged it is worth hundreds of millions of dollars on the streets of a western city.Y et the seizure is less than one percent of all the heroin produced in Afghanistan last year, production which has increased more than 2,000 percent since 2001."That acceleration should be sending a blinking red light to all of us right now. Drug money is going to accelerate the disintegration of democratic institutions," warns Charles.What is happening, Charles says, is the transformation of a poor, war torn country struggling with democracy into a narco state where power emanates from a group of drug kingpins far more powerful than the new government.The process began in 2001 when the United States forged military alliances with powerful warlords and used their private armies to drive al Qaeda and the Taliban out of the country.But some of Afghanistan's biggest warlords also happen to be some of the countries biggest drug lords. Now that they are part of the government, often in high places, a few are even charged with eradicating the drug traffic that many people believe they're still involved in.One former warlord suspected of being involved in the opium trade is Hazrat Ali, whose private army fought against al Qaeda at the battle of Tora Bora. In appreciation of his efforts, he was placed in charge of security for Nangahar province until he resigned recently to run for parliament.He also happens to be named in a United Nations report as one of the provincial officials suspected of being heavily involved in drug trafficking.Ali doesn't deny that the heroin business flourishes in the region but denied that he is involved in the trade. "No. Y ou can ask anyone. I am opposed to drugs. If everyone was like me, there wouldn't be an opium plant in Afghanistan."60 Minutes had no difficulty finding people to make the allegations; proving them is another matter since there is virtually no criminal justice system in place to pursue them.In all of Afghanistan there are barely 100 people in jail for drug offenses, most of them small time players.Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai, who is considered honest and well intentioned, outlawed the cultivation and trafficking of opium three years ago, but has neither the power nor the prosecutors to enforce it."It is the top priority. Not one of the top — the top priority now," says Karzai."There have been lots of reports that many of the people in the provinces, many o f the former commanders, have been involved with drug trafficking in the past. And some believe still continue to be involved in drug trafficking," Kroft says.Karzai agrees. "A lot of people are still involved in drug trafficking," he says. "Maybe even there are people in the government who may be involved in drug trafficking. Drug trafficking, drug cultivation, poppy cultivation, was a major way of life in this country. Now that the country's going back toward stability, now that we have a better hope for tomorrow, that we have hope for tomorrow, the Afghan people have begun to distance themselves. Slowly, slowly."Things are moving much too slowly for the country's top law enforcement officer, interior minister Ali Amad Jalali, who resigned last month after complaining about the lack of progress in stemming the opium trade, and bringing government officials involved in it to justice.Last June, his elite Afghan anti-drug force, trained and assisted by the British, raided the offices of Sher Muhammed Akhundzada, the Governor of Helmand Province, another warlord widely suspected of being involved in the drug trade.They seized nine and a half tons on opium, but the investigation went nowhere. Governor Akhunzada said the drugs were not his but that they had been seized by police and were just being stored at his headquarters.He showed 60 Minutes a locker now loaded with another two and a half tons of opium. "This is opium that we confiscated. We have to keep the confiscated opium in a safe place. And this is where we keep it," says Akhunzada, through a translator.Not everyone bought that argument, especially the chief counter-narcotics officer for Helmand Province. When the investigation stalled, Abdul Samad Haqqani went on Radio Liberty, which is funded by the U.S. Congress, and denounced the governor as a major narcotics trafficker.Haqqani has since disappeared and President Karzai says he would look into the matter.As for the tons of opium in the Governor's administrative office, Karzai wasn't the least bit surprised"It's almost half of the economy," he says. "Why would it surprise me if there was poppy found in a governor's office? Or administrative offices? Whether they were confiscated or whether they belonged to somebody. In both cases, it doesn't surp rise me."Asked how his government would deal with the governor amid these allegations, Karzai says the governor asked to be removed."This governor of Helmand, he has come to me a number of times to say that he is tired of working in Helmand precisely because of these allegations," Karzai says. "He says, 'Well remove me' and we have not removed him. Because right now, under thecircumstances, any replacement would find it difficult to continue the fight against terrorism the way he's doing it there — in that province and at the borders."Karzai went on to say that no investigation was needed and that the governor could be removed and assigned to other government work."We don't need an investigation on him," Karzai says. "We will remove him from his place and bring him to do some other government work. Maybe he should become a senator or something."Antonio Maria Costa, director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, says he has pleaded with Karzai to do something about senior officials and governors involved in the drug business."These people who have been involved, senior officials and governors who were involved in the drug economy should be removed," says Costa. "Removed from office and possibly removed from the country."Costa says the need to fight terrorism and defeat the insurgency should not be used as an excuse to ignore the opium trade. "I think it is the responsibility of the Afghan government and the foreign powers assisting it to fight both narcotics and the insurgency. I will say that fighting one is equal to fighting the other."The British, who have overall responsibility for counter narcotics in Afghanistan, and the Americans, have limited their role to assisting the Karzai government in training anti-drug units and providing occasional logistical support for their missions to confiscate opium and destroy drug labs. So far they have destroyed 150 labs.The American military has no direct role in counter narcotics. Its responsibility is fighting terrorism and providing security and stability. If U.S. troops come across opium they can take action but it is not part of their mission.Robert Charles says the U.S. military has limited resources to commit to the effort and feels that aggressive action could disrupt the flow of intelligence. "It is easy to say, 'We will get to this issue in time' the way we get to other social issues. But we don't have time."And Charles doesn't think it is just a threat to the mission. "I think it is a threat to the Democracy. Why is it a threat to democracy? First, it has a potential for public corruption. Second, it funds the violent elements in society. Finally, it sends a signal that the rule of law doesn't matter."One U.S. counter-narcotics official told Kroft that corruption is worse in Afghanistan than it is in Colombia, and estimated that 90 percent of the police chiefs are either directly involved in the drug business or protecting those who are.The British trained mobile unit says it is under orders to stop police cars and official motorcades as well as ordinary buses. Official vehicles are the preferred means of transporting opium.There have been a few small successes. The government has stepped up a modest poppy eradication program, and with the help of the U.S. state department is trying to persuade farmers to grow alternative crops.The number of acres of poppy under cultivation actually dropped 20 percent in 2005, although opium and heroin production remained about the same.In the village of Kushkak, farmers told 60 Minutes that they voluntarily quit growing opium poppy after the government promised to build them health clinics, schools and roads. But the promises have not materialized and they are growing impatient."We did promise them alternative livelihoods," says Karzai. "We have told them that they should stop growing poppy that we'll be there to help them. And if we don't do that, people out of desperation will go back to poppies, and we should not allow that." But illegal profits from the opium and heroin trade are not only helping warlords and corrupt officials expand their influence over the government. There is evidence that some of the money is ending up with the Taliban and al Qaeda, who elicit tolls, protection money and drugs from traffickers in areas they control."Narcotics is such an insidious, creeping, potentially lethal problem in that country that it needs to be elevated to a rank that is commensurate with that threat," says Charles.Asked whether he is saying that this issue is as important as fighting terrorism, he said, "I am."。

高级英语视听说1听力预览说明:预览图片所展示的格式为文档的源格式展示,下载源文件没有水印,内容可编辑和复制Chapter 1 Napoleon：From Schoolboy to EmperorNapoleon was a French soldier who became emperor of France. He was born in 1769 on the island of Corsica. When he was only 10 years old, his father sent him to military school in France. N. wasn’t a very good student in most of his classes, but he excelled in mathematics and military science. When he was 16 years old, he joined the French army. In that year he began the military career that brought him fame, power, riches, and, finally, defeat. N. became a general in the French army at the young age of 24. Several years later, he became the emperor of the French Empire. N. was many things. He was, first of all, a brilliant military leader. His soldiers were ready to die for him. As a result, N. won many, many military victories. At one time he controlled most of Europe, but many countries, including England, Russia, and Austria fought fiercely against him. His defeat –his end –came when he decided to attack Russia. In this military campaign against Russia, he lost most of his army. The great French conqueror died alone -- deserted by his family and friends –in 1821. N. was only 51 years old when he died.Postlistening A. The Comprehension Check 1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy 1. When was Napoleon born?(a) 2. What kind of student was Napoleon in most of his classes?(d) 3. What did Napoleon's military career bring him? (d) 4. When did Napoleon become emperor of the French Empire? (d) 5. One reason that Napoleon won many military victories was that hissoldiers were ready to fight to the death for him. (T) 6. Austria and Russia fought fiercely against Napoleon, but England did not.(F England also fought against him.) 7. Many of Napoleon's family and friends were with him when he died. (F He died alone and deserted by his family and friends.) 8. Napoleon died before he reached the age of 52. (T) Listening Factoid#1 The cause of Napoleon's death at the age of 51 on the island of St. Helena is still a mystery. There is no doubt that a very sick man at the time of his death. One theory about the cause of his death is that he had stomach cancer. Another theory is that he was deliberately poisoned by a servant. This third theory suggests that he was poisoned, but not by his servant. This third theory suggests that that he was poisoned, accidentally by fumes from the wallpaper were analyzed and traces of arsenic were found in it. Arsenic is powerful poison that was used in some of the dyes in wallpaperduring the time that Napoleon lived. More than 170 years after his death, people are still speculating about the cause of his death. Listening Factoid #21. Ten people who speak make more noise than 10,000 who are silent.2. In politics, stupidity is not a handicap.3. A man will fight harder for his interests than for his rights.4. Men of genius are meteors intended to burn to light their century.5 . I know, when it is necessary, how to leave the skin of the lion to take the sk in of the fox.6. History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upo n.7. It is success which makes great men.Chapter 2 Pompei i：Destroyed, Forgotten, and Found T oday many people who live in large metr opolitan areas such as Paris and New York leave the city in the summer. The y go to the mountains or to the seashore to escape the city noise and heat. O ver 2,000 years ago, many rich Romans did the same thing. They left the city of Rome in the summer. Many of these wealthy Romans spent their summers in the city of Pompeii. P. was a beautiful city; it was located on the ocean, on t he Bay of Naples. In the year 79 C.E., a young boy who later became a very f amous Roman historian was visi ting his uncle in P.. The boy’s name was Pliny the Younger. One day Pliny was looking up at the sky. He s aw a frightening sight. It was a very large dark cloud. This black cloud rose hig h into the sky. Rock and ash flew through the air. What Pliny saw was the eru ption –the explosion -- of the volcano, Vesuvius. The city of P. was at the foot of Mt. V.. When the volcano first erupted, many people were able to flee the city and to escape death. In fact, 18,000 people escaped the terrible disaster. Unfortunately, there was not enough time for everyone to escape. More than 2,000 people died. These unlucky people were buried alive under the volcanic ash. The eruption lasted for about 3 days. When the eruption was over, P. wa。

英语高级视听说上册听力原文上外版Unit 4For much of 2005, the news out of Iraq has overshadowed what has been going on in Afghanistan, where 18,000 U.S. troops are still fighting and dying along the Pakistan border in battles with the Taliban, al Qaeda and other Muslim extremist groups.The rest of Afghanistan, at least compared to Iraq, appears relatively peaceful. But the country is facing another threat to its stability — its growing addiction the production and trafficking of heroin, which is controlled by some of the most powerful people in the country.Correspondent ,Steve Kroft, reports.Afghanistan is now the world's largest exporter of heroin, and the opium used to produce it, supplying 87 percent of the world market. And it is creating an infrastructure of crime and corruption that threatens the government of President Hamid Karzai.The heroin trade begins with fields of opium poppies grown in almost every province of Afghanistan. Last year, according to the U.S. state department, 206,000 hectares were cultivated, a half a million acres, producing 4,000 tons of opium, most of which was converted into 400 tons of illegal morphine and heroin in laboratories around the country.How much opium and heroin is that?"It is not only the largest heroin producer in the world, 206,000 hectares is the largest amount of heroin or of any drug that I think has ever been produced by any one country in any given year," says Robert Charles, who until last spring was assistant secretary of state for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement, overseeing anti-drug operations in Afghanistan.Charles says Afghanistan is producing more heroin than Colombia is producing cocaine.After 25 years of war, it is the country's main cash crop, contributing nearly three billion dollars a year in illegal revenues to the Afghan economy, which equals 50 percent of the gross national product.The laundered proceeds are no doubt funding much of the rebuilding of Kabul, which is experiencing a major construction boom.But the best way to illustrate the sheer volume of the drug trade is to tour the basement vault underneath Afghanistan's Counter Narcotics police in Kabul, where one and a half tons of heroins, just seized in the provinces, was awaiting destruction.One and a half tons of pure heroin is much larger than the biggest shipment ever seized in the United States, and once cut and repackaged it is worth hundreds of millions of dollars on the streets of a western city.Yet the seizure is less than one percent of all the heroin produced in Afghanistan last year, production which has increased more than 2,000 percent since 2001."That acceleration should be sending a blinking red light to all of us right now. Drug money is going to accelerate the disintegration of democratic institutions," warnsWhat is happening, Charles says, is the transformation of a poor, war torn country struggling with democracy into a narco state where power emanates from a group of drug kingpins far more powerful than the new government.The process began in 2001 when the United States forged military alliances with powerful warlords and used their private armies to drive al Qaeda and the Taliban out of the country.But some of Afghanistan's biggest warlords also happen to be some of the countries biggest drug lords. Now that they are part of the government, often in high places, a few are even charged with eradicating the drug traffic that many people believe they're still involved in.One former warlord suspected of being involved in the opium trade is Hazrat Ali, whose private army fought against al Qaeda at the battle of Tora Bora. In appreciation of his efforts, he was placed in charge of security for Nangahar province until he resigned recently to run for parliament.He also happens to be named in a United Nations report as one of the provincial officials suspected of being heavily involved in drug trafficking.Ali doesn't deny that the heroin business flourishes in the region but denied that he is involved in the trade. "No. You can ask anyone. I am opposed to drugs. If everyone was like me, there wouldn't be an opium plant in Afghanistan."60 Minutes had no difficulty finding people to make the allegations; proving them is another matter since there is virtually no criminal justice system in place to pursueIn all of Afghanistan there are barely 100 people in jail for drug offenses, most of them small time players.Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai, who is considered honest and well intentioned, outlawed the cultivation and trafficking of opium three years ago, but has neither the power nor the prosecutors to enforce it."It is the top priority. Not one of the top — the top priority now," says Karzai. "There have been lots of reports that many of the people in the provinces, many of the former commanders, have been involved with drug trafficking in the past. And some believe still continue to be involved in drug trafficking," Kroft says.Karzai agrees. "A lot of people are still involved in drug trafficking," he says. "Maybe even there are people in the government who may be involved in drug trafficking. Drug trafficking, drug cultivation, poppy cultivation, was a major way of life in this country. Now that the country's going back toward stability, now that we have a better hope for tomorrow, that we have hope for tomorrow, the Afghan people have begun to distance themselves. Slowly, slowly."Things are moving much too slowly for the country's top law enforcement officer, interior minister Ali Amad Jalali, who resigned last month after complaining about the lack of progress in stemming the opium trade, and bringing government officials involved in it to justice.Last June, his elite Afghan anti-drug force, trained and assisted by the British, raided the offices of Sher Muhammed Akhundzada, the Governor of Helmand Province,another warlord widely suspected of being involved in the drug trade.They seized nine and a half tons on opium, but the investigation went nowhere. Governor Akhunzada said the drugs were not his but that they had been seized by police and were just being stored at his headquarters.He showed 60 Minutes a locker now loaded with another two and a half tons of opium. "This is opium that we confiscated. We have to keep the confiscated opium in a safe place. And this is where we keep it," says Akhunzada, through a translator.Not everyone bought that argument, especially the chief counter-narcotics officer for Helmand Province. When the investigation stalled, Abdul Samad Haqqani went on Radio Liberty, which is funded by the U.S. Congress, and denounced the governor as a major narcotics trafficker.Haqqani has since disappeared and President Karzai says he would look into the matter.As for the tons of opium in the Governor's administrative office, Karzai wasn't the least bit surprised"It's almost half of the economy," he says. "Why would it surprise me if there was poppy found in a governor's office? Or administrative offices? Whether they were confiscated or whether they belonged to somebody. In both cases, it doesn't surprise me."Asked how his government would deal with the governor amid these allegations, Karzai says the governor asked to be removed."This governor of Helmand, he has come to me a number of times to say that he is tired of working in Helmand precisely because of these allegations," Karzai says. "He says,'Well remove me' and we have not removed him. Because right now, under the circumstances, any replacement would find it difficult to continue the fight against terrorism the way he's doing it there — in that province and at the borders."Karzai went on to say that no investigation was needed and that the governor could be removed and assigned to other government work."We don't need an investigation on him," Karzai says. "We will remove him from his place and bring him to do some other government work. Maybe he should become a senator or something."Antonio Maria Costa, director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, says he has pleaded with Karzai to do something about senior officials and governors involved in the drug business."These people who have been involved, senior officials and governors who were involved in the drug economy should be removed," says Costa. "Removed from office and possibly removed from the country."Costa says the need to fight terrorism and defeat the insurgency should not be used as an excuse to ignore the opium trade. "I think it is the responsibility of the Afghan government and the foreign powers assisting it to fight both narcotics and the insurgency. I will say that fighting one is equal to fighting the other."The British, who have overall responsibility for counter narcotics in Afghanistan, and the Americans, have limited their role to assisting the Karzai government in training anti-drug units and providing occasional logistical support for their missions to confiscate opium and destroy drug labs. So far they have destroyed 150 labs.The American military has no direct role in counter narcotics. Its responsibility is fighting terrorism and providing security and stability. If U.S. troops come across opium they can take action but it is not part of their mission.Robert Charles says the U.S. military has limited resources to commit to the effort and feels that aggressive action could disrupt the flow of intelligence. "It is easy to say, 'We will get to this issue in time' the way we get to other social issues. But we don't have time."And Charles doesn't think it is just a threat to the mission. "I think it is a threat to the Democracy. Why is it a threat to democracy? First, it has a potential for public corruption. Second, it funds the violent elements in society. Finally, it sends a signal that the rule of law doesn't matter."One U.S. counter-narcotics official told Kroft that corruption is worse in Afghanistan than it is in Colombia, and estimated that 90 percent of the police chiefs are either directly involved in the drug business or protecting those who are.The British trained mobile unit says it is under orders to stop police cars and official motorcades as well as ordinary buses. Official vehicles are the preferred means of transporting opium.There have been a few small successes. The government has stepped up a modest poppy eradication program, and with the help of the U.S. state department is trying to persuade farmers to grow alternative crops.The number of acres of poppy under cultivation actually dropped 20 percent in 2005, although opium and heroin production remained about the same.In the village of Kushkak, farmers told 60 Minutes that they voluntarily quit growing opium poppy after the government promised to build them health clinics, schools and roads. But the promises have not materialized and they are growing impatient."We did promise them alternative livelihoods," says Karzai. "We have told them that they should stop growing poppy that we'll be there to help them. And if we don't do that, people out of desperation will go back to poppies, and we should not allow that." But illegal profits from the opium and heroin trade are not only helping warlords and corrupt officials expand their influence over the government. There is evidence that some of the money is ending up with the Taliban and al Qaeda, who elicit tolls, protection money and drugs from traffickers in areas they control."Narcotics is such an insidious, creeping, potentially lethal problem in that country that it needs to be elevated to a rank that is commensurate with that threat," says Charles. Asked whether he is saying that this issue is as important as fighting terrorism, he said, "I am."。

高级英语视听说听记教程1听力原文English:Listening and Note-Taking Tutorial for Advanced English Listening.Step 1: Before Listening.Preview the text or audio. Read the title and skim through the text to get an idea of the topic and structure.Identify key vocabulary and concepts related to the topic.Set a purpose for listening. Determine what specific information you need to obtain from the recording.Step 2: During Listening.Listen attentively for main ideas and supportingdetails.Take notes in a concise and organized manner.Use abbreviations, symbols, or shorthand to capture key points.Focus on understanding the overall message rather than every single word.Step 3: After Listening.Review your notes immediately. Fill in any gaps or clarify any unclear sections.Summarize the main points of the recording in your own words.Check your understanding by answering comprehension questions or discussing the topic with others.Additional Tips.Practice regularly to improve your listening comprehension skills.Use authentic materials such as news broadcasts, podcasts, or movies to expose yourself to real-world speech patterns.Seek feedback from a native speaker or language tutor to improve your pronunciation and grammar.Don't be afraid to replay sections of the recording to clarify your understanding.中文回答：高级英语听力理解听记教程。

英语高级视听上_听力原文_U n i t1p i r a t e s o f t h ei n t e r n e tVideo Script------------------------------10.25Pirates of the InternetIt’s no secret that online piracy has decimated the music industry as millions of people stopped buying CDs and started stealing their favorite songs by downloading them from the internet. Now the hign-tech thieves are coming after Hollywood. Illegal downloading of full-length feature films is a relatively new phenomenon, but it’s becoming easier and easier to do. The people running Ameri ca’s movie studios know that if they don’t do something----and fast---they could be in the same boat as the record companies. Correspodent: “What’s really at stake for the movie industry with all this privacy?” Chernin: “Well, I think, you know, ultimately, our absolute features.” Peter Chernin runs 20th Century Fox, one of the biggest studios in Hollywood. He knows the pirates of the Internet are gaining on him. Correspont: “Do you know how many movies are being downloaded today, in one day, in the United States?” Chernin: “I think it’s probably in the hundreds of thousands, if not millions.” Correspondent: “And it’s only going to grow.” Chernin: “It’s only going to grow. Somebody can put a perfect digital copy up on the internet. A perfect digital copy, all right. And with the click of mouse, send out a million copies all over the world, in an instant.”5And it’s all free. If that takes hold, kiss Hollywood goodbye. Chernin recently organized a “summit” between studio moguls and some high school and college kids---the people most likely to be downloading. Chernin: “And we said, ‘Let’s come up with a challenge. Let’s give them five movies, and see if they can find them online.’ And we all sat around and picked five movies, four of which hadn’t been released yet. And then we came back half an hour later. They had found all five movies that we gave them. ” Correspondent: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet?” Chernin: “Even the ones that hadn’t even been released yet.” Correspondent: “Did these kid s have any sense that they were stealing?” Chernin: “You know it’s… it’s a weird dichotomy. I think they know it’s stealing, and I don’t think they think it’s wrong. I think they have an attitude of, ‘It’s here.’” The Internet copy of last year’s hit Signs, starring Mel Gibson, was stolen even before director M. Night Shyamalan could organize the premiere. Correspondent: “The movie was about to be released. When did the first bootleg copy appear?”6Shyamalan: “Two weeks before it or three weeks before it. Before the Internet age, when somebody bootlegged a movie, the only outlet they had was to see it to those vendors on Times Square, where they had the boxes set up outside and they say, ‘Hey, we have Signs---it’s not even out yet.’ And you walk by and you know it’s illegal. But now, because it’sthe digital age, you can see, like, a clean copy. It’s no longer the kind of the sleazy guy in Times Square with the box. It’s just, oh, it’s on this beautiful site, and I have to go, ‘Click.’” Correspondent: “How d id those movies get on the Internet? How did that happen?” Chernin: “Through an absolute act of theft. Someone steals a print from the editor’s room; someone steals a print from the person; the composer who’s doing the music…absolute physical theft, steals a print, makes a digital copy, and uploads it.” Correspondent: “And there you go.” Digital copies like this one of The Matrix Reloaded have also been bootlegged from DVDs sent to reviewers or ad agencies, or circulated among companies that do special effe cts, or subtitles. Chernin: “The other way that pre-released movies end up (stolen) is that people go to … there are lots of screenings that happen in this industry… People go to those screenings with a camcorder, with a digital camcorder, sit in the back, turn the camcorder on…”Correspondent: “And record it.” This is one of those recorded-off-the-screen copies of Disney’s Pirates of the Caribbean. Not great quality, but not awful either. And while it used to take forever to download a movie, anyone with a high-speed Internet connection can now have a full-length film in an hour or two.Saaf: “Well, this is just one of many websites where basically people, hackers if you will, announce their piracy releases.” Randy Saaf runs a company called Media Defender that helps movie studios combat online piracy. Correspondent: “Look at this, all these new movies that I haven’t even seen yet, all here.” Saaf: “ Yep.” Correspondent: “Secondhand Lions that just came out. Sometimes I feel like I’m the only person in this country who has never downloaded anything. But maybe there is a few others of us out there. So I’m going to ask you to show us Kazaa, that’s the biggest downloading site, right?” Saaf: “Right. This is the Kazaa media desktop. Kazaa is the largest peer-to-peer network.” It’s called peer-to-peer because computer users are sharing files8with each other, with no middleman. All Kazaa does is provide the software to make that sharing possible. When we went online with Randy Saaf, nearly four million other Kazaa users were there with us, sharing every kind of digital file. Saaf: “Audio, documents, images, software, and video. If you wanted a movie, you would click on the video section, and then you would type in a search phrase. And basically what this is doing now, it is asking the people on the peer-to-peer network, ‘Who has Finding Memo’?” Within seconds, 191 computers sent an answer: “We have it.” This is Finding Memo, crisp picture and sound, downloaded free from Kazaa a month before its release for video rental or sale. If youdon’t want to watch it on a little computer screen, you don’t have to. On the newest computers, you can just “burn” it onto a DVD and watch it on your big-screen TV. And that’s a dagger pointed right at the heart of Hollywood. Chernin: “Where movies make the bulk of their money is on DVD and home videos. 50 percent of the revenues for any movie come out of home video…” Correspondent: “15 percent?” Chernin: “50 percent so that if piracy occurs and it wipes out your home video profits or ultimately your television profits, you are out9of business. No movies will get made.” Even if movies did get made, Night Shyamalan says that wouldn’t be any good, because profits would be negligible, so budgets would shrink dramatically. Shyamalan: “And slowly it will degrade what’s possible in that art form.” Rosso: “Technology always wins. Always. You can’t shut it down.” Wayne Rosso is Hollywood’s enemy. They call him a pirate, but officially he’s the president of Grokster, another peer-to-peer network that works just like Kazaa. Correspondent: “Ok, I have downloaded your softwar e.” Rosso: “Right.” Correspondent: “Ok, did I pay to do that?” Rosso: “No, it’s free.” Correspondent: “So who pays you? How do you make money?” Rosso: “We’re like radio. We are advertising-supported.” Correspondent: “And how many people use Grokster?” Rosso: “Ten million.” Correspondent: “Ten million people have used it.” Rosso: “A month.”Correspondent: “Every month, ten million people?” Rosso: “Uh-huh, uh-huh. And growing.”10Correspondent: “Use it to download music, movies, software, video games, what else?” Rosso: “I will assume. See, we have no way of knowing what people are downloading.” Correspondent: “That’s just a fig leaf. You are facilitating, allowing, helping people steal.” Rosso: “We have no idea what the content is, and whatever it is…” Correspondent: “Well, you may not know the specifics, but you know that’s what your site…” Rosso: “And we can’t stop it. We have no control over it.” Correspondent: “But you are the re for that purpose, that is why you exist, of course it is.” Rosso: “No, no, no, no, no, no.” Correspondent: “Come on, this is the fig leaf part.” Rosso: “No, no, no, no, no.” Shyamalan:“He is totally conformable with putting on his site a stolen piece of material. Am I wrong in that? If my movie was bootlegged, he’d be totally comfortable putting it on his site?” Correspondent: “Because I have nothing to do with it.” Shyamalan:“Yeah, right.” Correspondent: “Because I just provided the software.” Shyamalan:“Yeah, right. So, immediately, how can you ever have a11conversation with him? Because he’s taken a stolen material and he is totally fine with passing it around in his house. All these, all these areillegal activities. So, I’m not, it’s just my house,I’m not doing anything wrong.” But it is Rosso who has the law on his side. A federal judge has ruled that Grokster and other file-swapping networks are not liable for what their downloaders are doing. Rosso: “So we are completely legal, and unfortunately this is something the entertainment industry refuses to accept. They seem to think the judge’s decision was nothing but a typo.” The studios are appealing that court ruling. And they may follow the music industry and begin to sue individuals who download movies. And they are fighting the pirates in other ways, with ads about people whose jobs are at risk because of the piracy---people like the carpenters and painters who work on film sets. At the same time, Hollywood is trying to keep copies of movies from leaking in the first place. Chernin: “ You will very seldom go to an early screening of a movie right now where, probably you don’t notice until you pay attention, someone’s not in the front of that auditorium with infrared binoculars looking for somebody with a camcorder.”12And once a movie is released, or copies do begin to leak, the studios hire people like Randy Saaf to hack the hackers. Saaf: “What we’re just trying to do is make the actual pirated content difficult to find. And the way we do that i s by, you know, serving up fake files.” It’s called “spoofing.” Saaf and his employees spend their days on Kazaa and Grokster, offeringup thousands of files that look like copies of new movies, but aren’t. Correspondent: “So if I had clicked on any number of those Finding Nemo offerings, I could have clicked on one of yours, or somebody like you. And what would I have found after my hour and a half of downloading?” Saaf: “it might just be a blank screen or something. You know, typically speaking, what we p ush out is just not the real content.” Correspondent: “What you are trying to do is make this so impossible, so infuriating that people will just throw up their hands and say it’s just easier for me to go rent this thing, buy the DVD or whatever, it’s just easier.” Saaf: “Right.” Correspondent: “That’s your goal.” Saaf：：“Right.”13Correspondent: “Does that work? Is that a good idea?” Rosso: “No. It doesn’t work. I mean I don’t blame them but it doesn’t work because what happens is that the community clea nses itself of the spoofs.” He means that downloaders quickly spread the word online about how to tell the fake movie files from the real thing. Correspondent: “It’s like an arms race(军备竞赛）, isn’t it?” Chernin: “That’s exactly what it’s like. It’s like an arms race. There will be, you know, they’re gonna get a step ahead. We’re gonna try and get that step back.” Rosso: “But I’ll tell you one thing: I’ll bet on the hackers.” Correspondent: “That they will breakwhatever…” Rosso: “The studios come up with.” Correspondent: “The companies throw at them.”Hollywood knows that downloading off the Internet is the way millions of consumers want to get their entertainment---and that isn’t going away. Chernin: “The generally accepted estimate is that more that 60 million Americans have downloaded file-sharing software onto their computers.” Correspondent: “60 million.”14Chernin: “At 60 million Americans, that’s a mainstream product. That’s not a bunch of college kids or, you know, a bunch of computer geeks. That’s America.” So, instead of trying to stop it entirely, the studios are looking for ways to embrace it, but get paid too. Wayne Rosso says the best way is to negotiate some kinds of licensing deal with him. Rosso: “If the movie industry acts now and starts exploring alternatives and solutions with guys like me, hopefully they won’t have a problem.” Correspondent: “What if they try to buy you?” Rosso: “I’d sell it in al heartbeat.” Correspondent: “You would sell, Grokster would sell to a movie studio?” Rosso: “Sure, call me.” The idea of making deals with wha t Peter Chernin calls “a bunch of crooks” doesn’t appeal to Hollywood. Instead, Fox and other studios have just launched their own site, Movielink, where consumers can download a film for a modest fee, between three and five dollars. Chernin: “I think you would love the ideathat you don’t have to go to the video store. You can do this. And that’s what we’re working15on. But in order for that to be effective, we have to stop privacy, because the most effectiv e business model in the world can’t compete with free.” Not that Peter Chernin is interested, but he won’t have the chance to buy Grokster, at least not from Wayne Rosso. A few days ago, Rosso announced that he is leaving Grokster to take over as president of another file-swapping software company, this one based in Spain. Grokster will continue under new management.Key to the exercises Task I Global Listening1. C2. C.3. D .4. D5. A6. B.7. B8. CTask II Episode 1 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. TListen for DetailsEpisode 2 1 2 3Episode 3 (1) technology always wins (2) software (4) radio(3) advertising supported (5) Ten million people(6) music (8) not liable for (10) control (12) facilitating (14) comfortable(7) video games (9) typo (11) fig leaf (13) stealEpisode 41. Following the music industry and begin to sue individuals who download movies.2. Airing ads about people whose jobs are at risk because of piracy.3. Keeping copies of movies from leaking in the first place.4. Hiring people to hack the hackers/serve up thousands of fake copies of new movies.Episode 51. Downloading off the Internet.2. 60 million3. Embrace it and get paid too.4. A bunch of crooks.5. 3-5 dolloars.6. Stopping piracy.。