大学英语第2册Unit10 笔记整理

新概念英语第二册笔记Lesson 10 Not for jazz【New words and expressions】生词和短语（11）★jazz n. 爵士音乐a kind of music★musical adj. 音乐的musical student 有音乐天赋的人music student 学音乐的人（the student who learned music）★instrument n. 乐器instrument=musical instrumentinstrument 常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指医疗、机器等方面的。

也可用来泛指各种乐器。

★clavichord n. 古钢琴, 不是现代的pianoa kind of instrument★recently adv. 最近recently=lately★damage v. 损坏①n. 损害，损失，伤害The storm has done a lot of damage to the village.②vt. 损害，毁坏，损坏The car was badly damaged in the accident.★key n. 琴键①n. 琴键②n. 钥匙，答案key to the door 门钥匙Do you know the key to the question?③adj. 关键的key structure★shock v. 使不悦或生气, 震惊①v. 使不悦或生气, 震惊跟人的情绪有关的动词的宾语往往是“人”(以sth.为主语)The news shocks me. 这个消息使我震惊②adj. 令人震惊的It is shocking.③adj. 感到震惊凡是能够用“人”做宾语, 又是表示人的情绪活动的动词, 有两个形容词形成：令人……（V+ing）；感到……（V+ed）I'm shocked.④n. 震惊get a shocksb. get a shock 某人很吃惊shock 必指坏事, 令人不悦, 生气的surprise 好事坏事都可以, 只要你没有料到的I want to give you surprise.★allow v. 允许, 让allow doing sth.Smoking is allowed.＝people allow smokingallow sb. to do sth. / sb.be allowed to do sth.allow常用于被动语态You are allowed to smoke(被动语态)You are not allowed to enter the room if you don't take the card with you★touch v. 触摸①vt.&vi. 触摸，碰You are not allowed to touch the vase.②vt. 谈及，涉及，关系到A rise in the cost of living touches everyone. 生活费用的增加与每个人都有关系。

大学英语第2册Unit10笔记整理UNIT 10Notes on the TextPompeii: an ancient Italian city on the Bay of Naples, which was buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius.Author: Robert SilverbergStructure:Pt.1 Brief AccountPt.2 Detailed DescriptionLanguage Highlight1/Nothing lives inPompeii except crickets and beetles and lizards…1)不断使用连词and以达到语气强调的效果2) beetle:The Beetles 披头士/ The Beetle 甲壳虫汽车2/It died suddenly, in a terrible rain of fire and ash.= fire and ash fell like rain.这里a rain of的使用就如同a storm of 属于metaohor3/The tragedy struck on…v.a)突击；攻击Police fear that the killer may strike again.警方担心杀人犯可能再次下手。

b)(不用于进行时) (想法或念头)突然想到；一下子想起；猛地意识到An awful thought has just struck me.刚才我脑子里突然闪过一个可怕的念头。

c) 给（某人以…）印象；让（某人）觉得How does the idea strike you?你觉得这个主意怎么样？d) 擦，划（火柴）；击出（火星）to strike a match on a wall在墙上擦火柴e) 开采出；钻探到They had struck oil!他们开采出了石油！f) 行进；加劲走We left the road and struck off across the fields.我们下了公路，穿过旷野往前走。

分词作状语时可分为以下几种形式：
* doing ： 用来表示主动，且前后动作同时进行。 Returning home later, my friend learned that the police had been to the flat.
* having done: 用来表示主动,且动作发生在主句之前。 Having seen the film before, I decided not to see it again. * being done: 用来表示被动,且前后动作同时进行。 Being questioned by the police, he felt frightened.
I.
List:
Words
• • • • • • 1.mighty 2.overwhelm 3.perish 4.poisonous 5.reverberate 6.savage • • • • • • 7.shatter 8.shroud 9.stumble 10.topple 11.trample 12.absorb
• a picture tour: the temple of Jupiter
• a picture tour: theater
Today’s Pompeii
General introduction: an ancient Roman town-city, Founded in the 7th century BC, destroyed and buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79, rediscovered in 1748, well-preserved and looks exactly like it was on its last day, a popular tourist destination now.

Unit101.There’s a popular children’s story which describes the adventures of a wooden puppet that comes to life as if by magic.2.Your humorous analysis of the situation made the discussion lively.3.This ancient building has been restored to its original beauty.4.You know, for me, to go and live up in the mountains is to recapture my happy childhood.5.This overcoat alone is not enough to protect you from the bitter cold in Canada.6.The fruit growers were expecting a good harvest this year, when the terrible snow storm struck, doing damage to the ripening fruits.7.Too much sugar will not do you any good . To begin with, it will do damage to your teeth. In fact, it will do you harm in many ways.8.His utter devotion to the Chinese people filled me with admiration.9.He insisted that everything should be in place before we knocked off, before five-thirty, tobe exact.10.He knew that he would have to redouble his efforts to carry out his plan, and he was anxious to plunge into the work as soon as he went back. But he never knew that a disaster was lying in store for him.11.Irritated by the personal insult, he rose to the protest.12.Deeply touched by these words, he decided to turn over a new leaf.13.However hard he tried, the new arrival couldn’t make himself understood.14.My laptop broke down, and I must have it fixed as soon as possible.15.Led by a local hunter, the search party soon found the tourists trapped in the mountains. 16.Out of jealousy, Galileo’s opponents had him dismissed from the university.17.The president entered the Peking University hall accompanied by his staff, and followed bya group of reporters.18.The chairman of the department insisted onhaving the invitation delivered to the guest of honor 10 days in advance.19.The hospital authorities don’t want the identity of the patient made known to the public.20.It is necessary to keep the public properly informed of what the government is doing to deal with the problem of pollution.食品加工厂生产车间管理制度目的：为了维持良好的生产秩序，提高劳动生产率，保证生产工作的顺利进行特制订以下管理制度。

Unit 10
Warming up
Warming up Questions / Activities
? Why does the author call Pompeii a strange city? ? What happened to the city? ? What was the city like before it was destroyed? ? What are some other natural disasters in world
Warming up Objectives
? Understand the structure and the general idea of the text ? Know something about the history of Pompeii and what
happened in AD 79 ? Be able to use specific verbs to describe things ? Be able to create a dominant impression by using words
history that you have learned about?
Warming up Check-on Preview
Match the words with their correct meaning in the text.
1. hurl 2. graze 3. cram 4. intact 5. mighty 6. shatter
a. very strong or powerful b. to suddenly break into small pieces c. to throw violently in a particular direction e. to eat grass growing in a field f. to push sb./sth. into a small place g. complete and not damaged

Which one is an explicit command, which one is a “soft” command, and which one is even “softer”. Tom, close the door! Jane, can you close the door? Could you please close the door, Jack?
Teenager’s Nightmare
The worst day of all is the one when you know that the postman is to deliver the letter (always in a brown envelope to make it look more official and frightening) which will inform you whether the academic world (and society in general) considers you a failure or a success, whether you can get the job you want, or go to the university you wish to attend. That envelope is to contain the key to your future and, perhaps most importantly of all, to inform you whether you need to suffer again the horrors of exams.
go trough sth: a. to experience a difficult or unpleasant situation, feeling etc; to suffer to experience b. to use up money or a supply of sth c. to look at or examine sth carefully, especially in order to find sth e.g.

Rushing throngs, blinded by the darkness and the smoke, rushed up one street and down the next, trampling the fallen in a crazy fruitless dash toward safety. People panicked. They rushed into the streets to escape the falling buildings. It was dark and the air was full of smoke so they could not see where they were going. They rushed up one street and the next in a hopeless attempt to each safety. In their blind rush they ran over the bodies of people who had fallen down.


2. be in port: stop at the sea ports to load and unload cargo come into port; enter port; leave port

1. forum: the market place or public place of
ancient Roman city forming the center of judicial and public business

modern English: a public meeting or lecture involving audience discussion.

Lesson 10 Not For Jazz一、原文We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living-room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was brought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damage d by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we were not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.二、参考译文我家有一件古乐器，它叫古钢琴，是1681年德国制造的。

我们的古钢琴放在起居室里。

我们家有这架古钢琴已经很久了，它是我爷爷在很多年前买的。

最近它被一位客人弄坏了，因为她试图用它来弹奏爵士乐。

她敲击键盘过猛，损坏了两根琴弦。

我父亲大为吃惊，不允许我们再动它。

父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器。

三、精读笔记Part 1 词汇、短语1、Make 的短语made in (a country) 表示产地；例如：made in China 中国制造made of (a material）表示某一种材料制成；例如：the tea pot is made of silver.茶壶是银做的。

made from (a number of material) 表示由几种材料构成、做成；例如：glass is made from sand and lime.made by (someone) 表示制造人；例如:the cake is made by my mother.这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。

第10课的内容： ⼀、重要句型或语法 1、被动语态 本课侧重的是⼀般过去时中的被动语态的⽤法，即：was/were done by，如：The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. 2、双重所有格 即a+名词+of+名词+'s或是名词复数+of+名词+'s，如：a friend of my father's或some friends of my father's。

⼆、课⽂主要语⾔点 We have an old musical instrument. instrument，仪器、⼯具，常和musical搭配，表⽰乐器。

It is called a clavichord. 1)sth. is called ...，...被称作...。

2)clavichord，古钢琴，钢琴的前⾝，与钢琴不同的是，它是通过⽻⽑管制作的拨⼦拨动⼀根⾦属丝弦发⾳的。

It was made in Germany in 1861. 1)be made in，在...地⽅制造。

注意区分be made in/of/from/by，参考教材中的额难点说明。

2)注意德国的国名和国⼈的表达。

3)注意年份的读法。

Our clavichord is kept in the living room. be kept in，表⽰保存在...地⽅。

It has belonged to our family for a long time. belong to，属于，不能⽤于被动语态。

The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. 可提醒学⽣注意ago的⽤法，动词⼀般要⽤⼀般过去时形式。

Suddenly, someone shouted, "It's two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!" 此处可复习⼏点过⼏分(分钟+past+⼩时)和⼏点差⼏分(分钟+to+⼩时)的⽤法。

新概念笔记Lesson 10二．New words and expressions.1. jazz 爵士乐pop music classical musiccountry music light musicrock and roll blues (忧郁的蓝调)3. damage v. 破坏e.g: The car was badly damaged in the accident.break 打破，破坏物体的完整性break the glass damage 破坏，指造成一定损失的破坏damage the car destroy 破坏，彻底摧毁destroy the city4. key ①n. 钥匙the key to the door②n. 按键press the key on the keyboard③n. 答案the key to the questionadj. 关键的key word/ sentence5. shock ①n.震惊get a shock (坏事，令人不悦的，生气的)②v. 使震惊shocked adj. be shocked at sth.6. allow v. allow doing sth. 可以做某事e.g: we allow smoking only in limited areas.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事sb. be allowed to do sth.e.g: You are not allowed to touch it.7. touch ①v.触摸e.g: You can see it, but don’t touch it.②n. be in touch with sb. 与。

有联系e.g: Are you still in touch with your friends from college?Keep in touch with sb. 与。

行为主体”结构：
I live in a very old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods.
我住在一个由美丽的树林环绕的古老小镇上。
That table was made by my grandfather.
那张桌子是我祖父做的。
“行为主体”也能够不表示出来：
出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用一个限定词。
例如在son一词之前，我们不会同时用this和my两个限定词，而只可说this son of mine(我的这个儿子)。其他一些表示所属关系的代词的例子如a friend of yours(你的一个朋友)，an uncle of hers(她的一个叔叔)等。
新概念英语第二册：第10课课文详解及语法解析
课文详注 Further notes oห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ the text
1.We have an old musical instrument.
我家有件古乐器。
instrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指医疗、机器等方面的。但它能够用来泛指各种乐器。
2.It is called a clavichord.
他摔得很重，手臂都摔断了。
语法 Grammar in use
1.被动语态(The passive)
主动语态与被动语态皆指动词的形式来说。在主动句中，动词的主语是执行动作的人或物：
John cooked the food last night.
约翰昨天晚上做了饭。
在被动句中，动作是对主语执行的：
The food was cooked last night.
这个农场现在属于我;在此之前它属于我父亲。

Lesson 10Not for Jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐What happened to the clavichord?We have an old musical instrument.It is called a clavichord.It was made in Germany in 1681.Our clavichord is kept in the living room.It has belonged to our family for a long time.The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.She tried to play jazz on it!She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.My father was shocked.Now we are not allowed to touch it.It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.参考译文我家有件古乐器，被称作古钢琴，是1681年德国造的。

我们的这架古钢琴存放在起居室里。

我们家有这件乐器已经很久了，是我祖父在很多年以前买的。

可它最近被一个客人弄坏了，因为她用它来弹奏爵士乐。

她在击琴键时用力过猛，损坏了两根琴弦。

我父亲大为吃惊，不许我们再动它。

父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器。

【New words and expressions 】（11）1jazz [dʒæz]n.爵士音乐2musical ['mju:zikəl]a.音乐的3instrument ['instrumənt]n.乐器4clavichord ['klævikɔ:d]n.古钢琴5recently ['ri:səntli]ad.最近6damage ['dæmidʒ]v.损坏7key [ki:]n.琴键8string [striŋ]n.(乐器的)弦9shock [ʃɔk,ʃɑk]v.使不悦或生气，震惊10allow [ə'lau]v.允许，让11touch [tʌtʃ]v.触摸jazz n.爵士音乐classical music 古典音乐folk music 民族音乐country music 乡村音乐pop (popular)music 流行音乐jazz 爵士音乐play jazz 演奏爵士乐eg.They tried to play jazz on the piano.他们试图在钢琴上演奏爵士音乐。

* Confine:
to keep within limits; Ex. Please confine our discussion to the main issue – racism, and ignore those hearsays. Ex. She was confined to bed with the flu.
*
Ex. For a turkey to taste good, you need to stuff it with many ingredients. stuffing n. 填充物

Appropriate: to take sth for one’s own use, illegally;
Ex. The ex-president was found to have appropriated public fund. Ex. Some of the opposition party’s policies have been appropriated by the government.
*
Beckon: to call/signalme across from the street. Ex. He beckoned to the waiter to bring the bill.

On the spot: 1) immediately; 2) at the actual place where sth is happening; Ex. He answered the question on the spot. Ex. an on-the-spot report
*
Stiff: rigid and firm Ex. The shoes are brand new and the leather is still very stiff. Ex. The company faces stiff competition from its rivals. (severe) Ex. The new proposals have met with stiff opposition.

第十单元Section Aoverwhelm vt. 1. affect sb.'s emotions in a powerful way 使受不了；使不知所措He was suddenly overwhelmed by a strong feeling of sadness.一阵强烈的孤独感突然袭上心头。

I was quite overwhelmed by all the flowers and letters of support I received.我收到的所有鲜花和支持信件使我激动不已。

2. defeat 击败They were overwhelmed by the enemy.他们被敌军击败了。

With his great strength, the policeman overwhelmed the robber.警察用大力制服了抢劫者。

spin v. (cause to) turn around very quickly （使）旋转I feel faint and the room is spinning.我感到昏昏沉沉，觉得房间在旋转。

Our washing machine spins the clothes quite fast.我们的洗衣机使衣服快速转动。

n. [C] an act of turning around quickly 旋转I hit something on the road, which sent the car into a spin.我撞到了路上的什么东西，使得车子直打转。

Suddenly, the plane went into a spin.飞机突然旋转起来。

title vt. give a name to a book, article, etc. 给...取名Shakespeare titled his play A Mid-summer Night's Dream.莎士比亚给自己的剧本取名为《仲夏夜之梦》。

新概念英语第二册复习笔记第十课课文讲解新概念英语第二册复习笔记第十课课文讲解have 有，拥有eg. I have many friends.当“有，拥有”讲时，无被动态和进行时态have 是一个很活泼的词，有很多的意思have breakfasthave a fever 发烧have a good time 玩得开心have a headache 头疼have a running nose 流鼻涕have a swollen['sw??l?n] face 脸浮肿have sth done 由别人做某事have something to do with 与……有关系have nothing to do with 与……没有关系have anything to do with 与……有任何关系have to do sth 不得不做某事It is called a clavichord.变为主动语态为：We call it a clavichord.be made in + 地点表示产地be made in + 时间表示制作于某时be made of (a material) 用某种材料制作表示仍能看出原材料eg. The tea pot is made of silver. 这把茶壶是银制的。

eg. be made from (one or a number of materials) 由某种或某些材料制成表示已经看不出原材料eg. Glass is made from sand and lime. 玻璃是由砂子和石灰制成的。

eg. This sweater is made from wool. 这件毛衣是羊毛制成的。

be made by sb 被…..制造eg. This cake was made by my sister. 这只蛋糕是我姐姐制作的。

be made for 为…..做的eg. This cake was made for you. 这只蛋糕是为你制作的。