八年级英语上册_形容词比较级和最高级000
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人教版丨八年级上册英语主要语法——形容词比较级和最高级一.变化规则:大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。
原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
(1)单音节词加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
tall(高的) taller tallestgreat(巨大的) greater greatest(2)以不发音的e结尾的单音节词只加-r,-stnice(好的) nicer nicestlarge(大的) larger largestable(有能力的) abler ablest(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big(大的) bigger biggesthot热的) hotter hottestred红色的redder reddest(4)"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-esteasy(容易的) easier easiestbusy(忙的) busier busiest(5)以ly结尾的副词,除early-earlier-earliest,其他都是加more most. Slowly-more slowly-most slowlyBravely-more bravely-most bravelyquickly-more quickly-most quickly(6)少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er,-estclever(聪明的) cleverer cleverestnarrow(窄的) narrower narrowest(7)其他双音节词和多音节词在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级。
如:important(重要的) more important most importanteasily(容易地) more easily most easily(8)一些词的比较级和最高级,可以加-er或-est,也可以加more或most,如:clever, polite等。
1、大多数词后加 er 或 est2、以字母 e 结尾的词后加 r 或 st 如: fine nice large cute late3、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母再加 er 或est如: big slim wet red fat hot thin sad4、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词,去掉 y ,再加 er 或 est 如: easy pretty happy busy healthy lazy heavy funny early tidy thirsty5、以---ous/---ful/---less/---ing/---ed/---ly 等结尾的多音节词和双音节词加 more 或 most 如:famous beautiful careless generouscarefulhelplesshumoroushelpfulhopelessdangeroususefuluselessinteresting exciting amazing boring tiringinterested excited amazed bored tiredquickly carefully healthily luckily①部分前面加 more 或 most 的双音节词有:patient honest special often②部分既可以加 er/est 也可以加 more/most 的双音节词有: clever polite simple stupidgood/well---better---best bad/badly/ill---worse---worstmany/much---more---most little---less---leastold---older/elder---oldest/eldestfar---farther/further---farthest/furtheste.g. The picture is more beautiful than that one.e.g. Which ( city) is bigger,Wuxi or Suzhou?e.g. The prettier of the two girls is Lily.The more beautiful of the twins is the elder sister.e.g. even worse, muchmore important (mucholder), nomore (not …any more) This story is far more interested than that one.I’m too tired. I can ’t walk any farthe r.e.g. My elder brother is two years older than I.=I am two years younger than my elder brother.The sun is 13,000,000 times larger than the earth.I got to school five minutes earlier/later than Tom (did).e.g. He is getting fatter and fatter.Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.e.g.The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.1、比较的两个对象要一致(人比人,物比物) 。
形容词,副词的比较级、最高级变化规则.一般在词尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,例如,big-bigger-biggest fat thin red wet5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,例如,slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful ( tired often )二、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/well better bestmany/much more mostbad/ill/badly worse worstlittle less leastold older/elder oldest/eldestfar farther/further farthest/furthestⅣ形容词,副词等级的用法一、原级的用法1.只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,too例如,He is___________to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。
My brother runs _______________I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
2.原级常用的句型结构(1)“甲+动词+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”例如,汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。
______________________________________________ 汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。
形容词,副词的比较级、最高级变化规则.一般在词尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,例如,big-bigger-biggest fat thin red wet5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,例如,slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful ( tired often )二、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/well better bestmany/much more mostbad/ill/badly worse worstlittle less leastold older/elder oldest/eldestfar farther/further farthest/furthestⅣ形容词,副词等级的用法一、原级的用法1.只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,too例如,He is___________to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。
My brother runs _______________I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
2.原级常用的句型结构(1)“甲+动词+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”例如,汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。
______________________________________________ 汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。
形容词/副词比较级与最高级一、一般情况下(单音节以及部分双音节)加er或est small→smaller→smallest tall→taller→tallesthard→harder→hardest fast→faster→fastest cold→colder→coldest warm→warmer→warmest clear→clearer→clearest quick→quicker→quickest sad→sad er→sadest loud→louder→loudest strong→stronger→strongest short→shorter→shortest great→greater→greatest few→fewer→fewest clever→cleverer→cleverest quiet→quieter→quietest 二、以不发音的字母e结尾(单音节)加r或st large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicestsafe→safer→safest fine→finer→finest late→later→latest wide→wider→widest simple→simpler→simplest strange→stranger→strangest 三、一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾,双写辅音加er或est fat→fatter→fattest thin→thinner→thinnest slim→slimmer→slimmest wet→wetter→wettest big→bigger→biggest red→redder→reddest hot→hotter→hottestfit→fitter→fittest 四、辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i加er或est easy→easier→easiest angry→angrier→angriest busy→busier→busiest heavy→heavier→heaviest hungry→hungrier→hungriest crazy→crazier→craziest happy→happier→happiest early→earlier→earliest dirty→dirtier→dirtiest lucky→luckier→luckiestshy→shier→shiest funny→funnier→funniest lovely→lovelier→loveliest friendly→friendlier→friendliest 五、双音节以及多音节词前加more或most outgoing→more outgoing→most outgoing beautiful→more beautiful→most beautifuldifferent→more different→most differentquietly→more quietly→most quietly loudly→more loudly→most loudly slowly→more slowly→mo st slowly quickly→more quickly→mo st quickly sadly→more sadly→mo st sadly happily→more happily→mo st happily carefully→more carefully→mo st carefully serious→more serious→most serious →mo st similar similar→more similar→moeasily easily→more easily→most e asily clearly→more clearly→mo st clearly bored→more bored→mo st bored talented→more talented→mo st talented boring→more boring→mo st boring →mo st popular popular→more popular→moterrible→more terrible→mo st terrible delicious→more delicious→mo st delicious →mo st different different→more different→mo→mo st difficult difficult→more difficult→mo→mo st beautiful beautiful→more beautiful→moexpensive→more expensive→mo st expensive necessary→more necessary→mo st necessary →mo st important important→more important→mo→mo st wonderful wonderful→more wonderful→mocomfortable→more comfortable→mo st comfortable hardworking→more hardworking→mo st hardworking 不规则adj、adv比较级、最高级good/well→better→best bad/badly/ill→worse→worst many/much→more→most few/little→less→least old→older/elder→oldest/eldest far→farther/further→farthest/furthest 无比较级的adj/adv fantastic excellent favorite true(ly) false right wrong full empty round square possible impossible 。
八年级上册语法专题--形容词比较级和最高级一、知识梳理形容词的比较级和最高级的变化分为有规则变化和不规则变化。
1 规则变化:类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般直接加-er,-estlongtalllongertallerlongesttallest 以不发音的e 结尾时加-r,-stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest 以辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i,再加-er,-esteasyhappyeasierhappiereasiesthappiest 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写最后的辅音字母,再加-er,-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more,mostcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful(2)不规则变化:原级比较级最高级good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstold older/elder oldest/eldest many/much more most little less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthest1.Time is money.--- But I think it is ______ than money. important2.Tom speaks Chinese ______ better than Jimmy. much;more3.Of all the drinks, tea is ______ in the world. It has a history of about 5,000 years. old4.The______ you speak, the______ your English will be. much;good5.China is the third ______ country in the world. large形容词比较级的用法:1:比较级+than:A+be+形容词比较级+than+B “A比B更……”比较级+than any other+单数名词“比起任何一个更……”比较级+than+the other+复数名词“比起其他所有的……更……”2. 形容词比较级可用much, a little, a lot, even 等修饰来加强语气3. 比较级的其他结构:比较级+and+比较级“越来越……”the+比较级the+比较级“越……就越……”形容词最高级的用法:1:the+最高级+of/in “在……中最”2:the+序数词+最高级“表示第几高/长/远”二、习题操练I.写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级II.用形容词或副词的正确形式填空。
八年级上册英语语法《形容词的比较级和最高级》知识点形容词的比较级和最高级形容词通常有三个级别:原级、比较级和最高级。
比较级用于两个事物的比较,表示“更……”,常常用much、even、a little等词修饰,其中even和much只能修饰比较级。
比较级的构成有规则变化和不规则变化。
单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er,以字母e结尾的形容词直接加-r,以“辅音+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-er”,以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词,双写辅音字母,再加-er。
多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more。
少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的,如good变为better,bad或ill变为worse,many或much变为more,little变为less,far变为farther或further,old变为older或elder。
比较级的用法有两种。
一是表达“A和B一样”,用as…as 的结构,即A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B或A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+B。
例如:I am as tall as you.(我和你一样高。
)He runs as fast as I.(他跑得和我一样快。
)二是表达“A不如B”用not as…as的结构,即A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+B或A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B。
例如:I am not as tall as you.(我没有你高。
)He does n’t run as fast as I.(他没有我跑得快。
)3.表达“A大于B”可以使用“比较级+than”的结构来表达。
例如:A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B,或者A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B。
比如,I am taller than you,意思是我比你高,He runs faster than I,意思是他跑得比我快。
关于形容词和副词比较级的更多用法:1.比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语,例如much、a little、even、a lot、a great deal等,表示“更……”、“……得……”。
形容词的比较级和最高级1. 比较等级的含义形容词有三个等级:(1)原级,即形容词原形,表示双方程度相同或不同;(2)比较级,表示“较……”,“更……一些”;3.最高级,表示“最……”。
在英语里两个人或物体进行比较时要用比较级。
三个人或三个物体(或三个以上的人和三个以上的物体)进行比较时要用最高级。
如:He is taller than me.他比我高。
His room is bigger than my room. 他的房间比我的房间大。
She is younger than my sister. 她比我妹妹年轻。
He is tallest in our class.他在我们班最高。
形容词的比较级和最高级的构成Ⅰ、规则变化构成方法原形比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词及以Y 结尾的词一般在原级词尾加-er或加-estLongwarmcleverLongerwarmerclevererLongestwarmestcleverest 结尾是e的词只加-r或-stnicefinelargenicerfinerlargernicestfinestlargest 重读闭音节词以单个辅音字母结尾,先双写辅音字母再加-er或-estbigfatbiggerfatterbiggestfattest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词先改“y”为“i”再加-er或-estbusyearlydirtyhappybusierearlierdirtierhappierbusiestearliestdirtiesthappiest多音节和部分双音节词在原级前加more或mostinterestingcarefulimportantbeautifuldangerousmore interestingmore carefulmore importantmore beautifulmore dangerousmost interestingmost carefulmost importantmost beautifulmost dangerousⅡ、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/eldest注:1)形容词比较级等级所加的-er(比较级)和-est(最高级),自成一个音节,分别读做[ə]和[ɪst)]原级比较级最高级great greater greatestsmall smaller smallest2)形容词原级的词尾为字母r, 在加-er(比较级)和-est(最高级),r要发[r]音。