2012初中语法冠词复习

英语口语语法学习口诀——定冠词用法口诀1.有水无湖：海、洋、海湾、河等，都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the); the Red Sea, the Pacific Ocean, the Persian Gulf, the Yangtze RiverThe Great Lakes(五大湖）；Lake Erie(伊利湖）2.有球无星：地球，月亮用the;行星不用the: Mars, Venus;3.有山无峰：The Huangshan Mountains(黄山）；Mount Everest(珠穆朗玛峰）；Mount(or Mt.) Tai(泰山）.4.有独无欧（偶）：独一无二的，the earth,the moon,the sun用the;欧洲等七大洲不用the.Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Antarctica, Oceania5.有（足）族无球（运动）：种族用the:the Indians(印第安人)；球类运动baseball, basketball6.有文无章：历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用theThe Constitution(宪法）; chapter one7.学而不专：学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the; The University of Fudan; Fudan University一、定冠词的用法。

特指双熟悉，上文已提及；世上独无二，序数最高级；某些专有名，习语及乐器。

以上口诀归纳了用定冠词的一般情况，即：①特指某些人或物①谈话双方都熟悉的人或事①上文已经提到的人或事①世界上独一无二的事物前①序数词回形容词最高级前①某些专有名词前①一些习惯短语（如：in the day等）中和乐器前（如：play the violin / piano）。

二、不用冠词的集中情况。

初中英语语法--冠词及练习重点知识归纳及讲解（一）概说1．冠词是一种虚词，不能独立担任一个成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。

英语中有两个冠词：1）定冠词the 2）不定冠词a/an定冠词the通常读作[ðə]，在元音前读作[ði]。

不定冠词在元音音素开始的单词前用an这个形式，读作[ən]；在其他情况下则使用a，读作[ə]。

2．冠词的基本意义不定冠词a/an与数词one同源，表示“一个”的意思，用在可数名词单数前。

例如： She is a nurse. 她是个护士。

He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife. 他是一位英国人，有一个爱尔兰妻子。

定冠词the，与this同源，有“这（那）个”的意思，但比较弱，表示一（几）个特定的人或东西，有时可译作“这个（些）”或“那个（些）”。

例如：That’s the book you want. 这就是你要的那本书。

Who’s the young man over there? 那边那个年轻人是谁？但在很多情况下，“这”或“那”这类词在译文中并不出现。

例如： Put it on the table. 把它放在桌上。

Shut the door, please. 请把门关上。

3．特指和泛指一般来说，名词有特指和泛指两种情况，请比较下面的句子：A gentleman is asking to see you. 有位先生要求见你。

（泛指）Ask the gentleman to come in. 请那位先生进来。

（特指）在特指时一般前面要加定冠词，而泛指时则有三种情况：1）在可数名词单数前加不定冠词。

例如： She sent me a postcard 她寄给我一张明信片。

2）在可数名词复数前可不加冠词，可使用some, any这类词。

例如： These are new words. 这些是生词。

初中英语语法冠词的用法总结冠词是英语语法中的一个重要部分，用来确定名词的特定含义和范围。

在英语中，冠词主要分为定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an）。

(一) 定冠词（the）的用法：1.特指：用于指明特定的人、物、概念等。

例如：The book on the table is mine.（桌子上的书是我的。

）2.表示独一无二的事物：用于名词复数、乐器、船只、报纸等。

例如：The Beatles were a famous band.（披头士乐队是一支著名的乐队。

）3.表示事物的整体、类别、习惯性、普遍的概念等。

例如：The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。

）4.用于表示特定的国家、地区、河流、海洋、群岛等。

例如：The Great Wall is a famous tourist attraction in China.（长城是中国著名的旅游景点。

）(二) 不定冠词（a/an）的用法：1.表示泛指一个、一种；表示数量不确定。

例如：I bought a sweater yesterday.（我昨天买了一件毛衣。

）2.用于形容词最高级前，表示"极其"、"非常"。

例如：He is a very smart boy.（他是一个非常聪明的男孩。

）3.用于职业、宗教、身份、国籍等名词前，表示其中一种身份。

例如：He is an engineer.（他是一名工程师。

）不定冠词的变化规则：a.在以辅音音素开头的单词前使用"a"。

例如：a book（一本书）b. 在以元音音素开头的单词前使用"an"。

例如：an apple（一个苹果）c. 在以元音音素的发音开头的辅音音素前使用"an"。

例如：an hour（一个小时）在特定情况下，定冠词和不定冠词可以被省略：1.当名词表示泛指和抽象概念时。

冠词用法总结知识点初中一、不定冠词的用法1. 不定冠词a和an的选择不定冠词a和an的选择要根据后面的名词的发音来决定。

一般来说，如果后面的单词以元音音素开头，就要用an, 如果后面的单词以辅音音素开头，就要用a。

具体来说，以辅音音素开头的名词要使用a，如a book，a pen，a dog等；而以元音音素开头的名词则要使用an，如an apple，an egg，an hour等。

2. 不定冠词表示泛指不定冠词在英语语法中表示泛指，泛指的范围往往是不确定的或不特指具体的对象。

例如：She is wearing a red dress. (她穿了一件红色的连衣裙。

) 这句话中的a red dress并没有特指哪一件红裙子，而是指某一件红裙子。

3. 不定冠词表示数量为“一”不定冠词在英语句子中还可以表示数量为“一”。

例如：She took a pen and wrote it down. (她拿了一支笔，然后把它写了下来。

)4. 不定冠词还可用于表示职业或身份在英语中，不定冠词也可以用于表示某种职业或身份，这时相当于“一位……”或“一个……”，例如：He is a teacher. (他是一位老师。

)5. 不定冠词不能用于复数名词不定冠词a和an不能用在复数名词前，如果要表达不特指的、泛指的复数名词时，要用“some”或者“any”等其他代词，或者直接用复数形式的名词，例如： He gave me some apples. (他给了我一些苹果。

)二、定冠词的用法1. 定冠词the的用法定冠词the在英语中是最常用的冠词，用法非常灵活，主要有如下几种情况：a. 特指某一事物或人 the表示特指，即特指上下文中提到或者谈论过的特定事物或人或者是唯一的事物或人。

例如：The sun rises in the east. (太阳从东方升起。

)b. 指运动、媒体、报刊等名词the与电影、戏剧、交响乐等名词连用，可表示特定概念。

冠词是一种虚词，是名词的一种标志，不能独立担任任何句子成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。

对于冠词的考查，往往集中于a、an的用法区别，定冠词的用法，不用冠词的情况，习惯用语中冠词的用法等几个方面。

考查形式以单项选择为主，有时也会在完形填空、完成句子等类型的题目中出现。

在学习过程中，不但要掌握不同类型的冠词的用法，还要注意习惯搭配中的冠词的使用情况。

中考考查重点：一、冠词的用法；二、不用冠词的情况；三、冠词的位置。

冠词的用法口诀名词有两“冠”，定冠不定冠，定冠就是the，不定a和an。

先分特泛指，确定大路线。

泛指不定无，特指the定冠。

泛指可数单，须用a或an；辅音前用a，an在元音前；复数不可数，泛指不用冠；前有代词限；冠词不再见。

I.Multiple Choice1. There are many ________ in our school.A. woman teachersB. women teacherC. women teachers2. ________ is coming. The zoos and parks will be free for kids on that day.A. Teachers’ DayB. Mother’s DayC. Children’s Day3. ________ fathers always made them do what they are not ________ .A. Peter and Ann’s; interestedB. Peter’s and Ann’s; interested inC. Peter’s and Ann’s interesting4. Advertisements give us ________ about products, such as their prices and uses.A. InformationB. newsC. pictures5. -How is Joy’s skirt?-Her skirt is more beautiful than ________.A. her sister’s and KateB. her sister andC. her sister's and Kate's6. Are you happy to have the ________ summer holiday?A. two monthsB. two months’C．two month’s7. The problems are too difficult for me. Please give ________ me.A. some advicesB. an adviceC. some advice8. Mary's skirt is the same as her ________ .A. SistersB. Sister’sC. brothers9. ________ bikes are put in front of the building.A. Lucy’s and Lily’sB. Lucy and LilyC. Lucy’s and Lily10. ________ is an interesting subject.A. ScienceB. KnowledgeC. Experience11. -Is ________ English-Chinese dictionary on the desk yours?-No, I don't have ________ English-Chinese dictionary. I use an English-English dictionary.A. an; anB. an; theC. the; an12. He is ________ university student and he comes from ________ island in England.A. an; anB. a; anC. a; a答案：ACAAC CDCAB CCII. Words Practice根据汉语提示或提供单词的正确形式填空1.I don’t want to make a wrong （决定）and regret it later.2. My _______ (爱好) are reading, singing and dancing.3.I will show my collection of____________(邮票)to the class.4. Mr. Smith gave us _________________ (一条) advice on how to keep healthy.5. We need eleven_____________ (play) for our soccer team.6.They have invited a ___________(science) to give them a speech on space.7. Many schools hold several _________ (festival)of music or sports every year.答案：1.decision 2.hobby 3. stamps 4. a piece of 5. players 6. scientific 7. festivalsI. ClozeClara was fashionable, cool-looked and the “Queen Bee” in my school. I listened to the music she listened to, wore the clothes she wore. I even took art class___51___ I really wanted to chose business . I finally fitted(融入) in her group.One day, I went to the dining hall early to get seats for our group. I didn’t notice they had sat down_ 52___ me. Before I could say a word, I realized what theywere___53___.“She’s such a loser,” one girl said.“Clara, she always follows you, trying to ___54___ you,” another girl added.“We were in the same summer school and now she thinks we're best friends,” Clara said.“I wish she would leave us alone.”I felt heart-broken for the very first time. I ran home. My mother just ___55___ me while I sobbed (呜咽) for hours. “Just be_ 56___ and people will like you for who you are,”she said.Then and there I decided to find myself back. That was_ 57___ what I did.Over the next month, I went through a lot of____58___ I bought new clothes that I wanted to wear. I_ 59___went to art class with them, and I took business. I began making new friends. I developed my own decisions and never again followed the crowd.I had a__ 60___ school year. When I look back, I think it was the year when I discovered the person I was going to be.51. A. but B. though C. because52 A. around B. next to C. in front of53. A. running after B. dealing with C. talking about54.A. copy B. memorize C. admire55. A. shouted B. held C. punished56. A. herself B. myself C. yourself57. A. exactly B. accidentally C. normally58. A requests B. changes C. examinations59. A. no longer B. no matter C. without doubt60. A.painful B.valuable C.professional答案：BCCAB CABABIII. ReadingIn Chiang Mai, there is a museum, it was decorated with beautiful marble tiles（大理石砖）and a huge marble statue（大理石雕像）. Although the museum is a little far away from the city center of Chiang Mai, many people come here and admire the statue. One night, after all the tourists left, marble tiles started talking to the marble statue.Tiles: Hi, statue. Don’t you think it’s unfair that everybody comes here to admire you while stepping on us?Statue: Dear brothers, don’t you remember that we are actually from the same place?Tiles: Yes, we do. That is why we feel it is even more unfair. All of us were born from the same place, and yet the world treats us so differently now. This is so unfair!Statue: Yes, you are right, my brothers. But do you still remember the day when the artist tried to work on you, but you said no to him?Tiles: Yes, we refused him because we didn’t want to get hurt.Statue: Well, since you refused his tools, he couldn’t work on you. Then he started working on me instead. I knew that I would be something different and special after his hard work. I bore all the pain and allowed him to carve me!Tiles: But it hurt quite a lot.Statue: That’s for sure! Since you decided to give up halfway, you can’t complain about the world’s unfairness to you.51.The story happened in the city center of Chiang Mai, Thailand.52.The marble tiles complained because they didn’t get as much admiration as the statue.53.According to the article, the marble statue might experience that it was hurt a lot, but never complained.54.The underlined word in the 7th paragraph ‘carve’ means“伤害”.55.According to the passage, although you give up halfway, you can still be successful.答案：BAABB。

中考英语语法冠词专题复习知识点归纳：冠词分类：英语中冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种，常放在名词的前面，用来限定名词的意义，起泛指或特指的作用。

考点1 不定冠词a / an的用法：不定冠词a /an用在单数名词的前面，a用在辅音开头的词前面；an用在元音开头的词的前面。

值得注意的是，元音辅音音素不是字母，有些词虽然是元音（或者辅音）字母开头，但是发音却是辅音（元音）音素，因此要注意区分。

【记忆大比拼】：In a university， a Europeanunited a one-eyedman to steal a useful thing,then ran away along a one-way road. This is a usual thing.在一所大学里，一个欧洲人联合一个独眼龙偷了一件很有用的东西，然后沿着一条单行道逃跑了，这是一件很平常的事情。

不定冠词的基本用法：①表示数量“一”意思和one差不多，但是数量概念比one弱。

There is a table and four chairs in the room.房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。

We are going to have an English lesson tomorrow.我们明天有一节英语课。

②表示人或事物的某一类用于可数名词的单数形式前，指人或事物的某一类A child needs love.孩子需要爱。

A horse is much smaller than an elephant.马比大象小得多。

③表示泛指的某个人，某个物A boy is waiting for you at the school gate.学校门口有个男孩在找你。

I am reading an interesting story.我正在读一个有趣的故事。

④表示单位量词的“每一”用在事物的“单位”，如时间，速度，价格等意义的名词之前，表示“每一”。

冠词1、冠词分类及读法：英语中冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用。

定冠词the读法：单独念时读[T i:],在句子中常发[T i ](元音之前)或者[T[](辅音之前)；不定冠词a/an的读法：单独念时读[ei ]/[An ]；在句子中常发[[]/[[n]。

2、不定冠词a / an的用法：不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。

不定冠词的基本用法：(1)表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。

如：There is a dog lyingon the ground.(有一只狗躺在地上。

)(2) 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。

如：A elephant is much strongerthan a man.(大象比人强壮多了。

)(不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。

)(2)表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。

如：He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教师。

)(4) 表示“一”这个数量。

如：There is a table and four chairs in thatdining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。

)(5)几个用不定冠词的习语：a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of(一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have acold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿,等等。

3、定冠词the的用法：定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。