外研版高中英语必修四全册讲义

必修四Module 1 Life in the Future语法点：将来进行时(1). Daniel's family _____ their holiday in Huangshan this time next week. (2009 安徽) —A. are enjoyingB. are to enjoyC. will enjoyD. will be enjoying (2). 一Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.一Oh, nothing much. In fact, I ________ of my friends back home. (2007 全国卷II) A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just b e thinking随堂练—.Correction^每句只有一处错误）1Making predictions are a risky business.2His dream will be come true if he studies hard.3I can definitely tell you what Pll be doing next week ■一celebrate my birthday with friends.4With China develops very fast, people's living standard is improving.5Pll take an exam this time tomorrow.6He works at the Hospital attaching to Binzhou Medical College.7That man is in the charge of this factory.8In the future, care for the environment will become very important with natural reso urces run out.9.The six blind men made their living by beg.10.10. Concrete is used to building walls.11. The girls as well as a boy has learned to drive a car.12.12. Everything depends on if you have enough money.二Choice:1.——Would you like to have dinner with me at 7 p.m?——Pm afraid I cant I ____ a speech at that time.A gave B.am giving C. will be giving D. would give2.—When is it convenient to visit you, this afternoon or tomorrow morning?——___ is OK. Pm free today and tomorrow.A. EitherB. NeitherC. AllD. None3.1shall never forget the years _____ I lived with the kind neighbours，____ offered a lo t of help to me.A. when; whichB. when; whoC.that; whoD.that; which4.The plants are grown in a strange building ________ like an egg, which has light.A shaped B.shaping C.to shape D.shapes5.When the climbers got halfway up the mountain, their food _____ fast so they had to r etum.A. Is run outB.is running outC. was run outD. was running out6.——Would you like to go traveling with me ,Harry?---- Sorry, you known my final examination ________ .A. comesB.has comeC.will be comingD.is coming7.You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of ______ ・A. dateB. shapeC.orderD.balance&——I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me do wn. ——You can never be ____ careful in the street.A. muchB.veryC.so D too9. She takes exercise every day, so she is always full of_________ .A.powerB.strengthC.fbrceD.energy10.Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 ______ o ff at 18:20.A.takesB.tookC.will be takenD.has takendies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts . The plane ________ .A.takes offB. is taking offC.has taken offD.took off12.If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you _______ fresh watermelon in the fall.A.eat B .would eat C have eaten D will be eating13.___ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A. CompletingB.Having completedC.To have completedD.To complete14.Talking about others9 private matters is not polite. Lefs ________ the conversation toa different topic.A. add B switch C compare d exchange15.Betty hoped to work for The Times but _____ she took a job on the local newspaperA.absolutelyB. extremelyC.definitelyD.eventually16.Whether we911 succeed ___ how hard we work.A.relies on B depends on C.depending on D.relied onModule 2 Traffic Jam语法点:祈使句高考链接:1.Start out right away, ____________ y ou'll miss the first train. (2009 年四川卷)A.andB.butC.orD. while2.______ s traight on and you911 see a church.You won9t miss it ・(2011 年湖北卷)A. Go B・ Going C・ If you go D・ When going3.Stand over there __________ you'll be able to see it better・(2011 年天津卷)A. or B・ while C・ but D. and4.・English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?・Yes ・ __________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read a nd communicate ・(2013 年上海卷)A. KnowB. Knowing C・ To know D・ Known5.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you _____________ advertisements sho wing happy families ・(2009 年湖南卷)A. will often seeB. often seeC ・ are often seeing D. have often seen随堂练一、用所给词的正确形式填空1.Unluckily, The bus was ____________ (stick) in the mud.2.During the Spring Festival, the shops were _____________ (crowd) with customers.3.We should devote ourselves to the ______________ (limit) service to the people.4.The result of the match is beyond our _________________ (imagine).5.In other words, he ______________ (narrow) passed the examination.二、填空destination permits receipt underground stuck single convenient1・ Lefs meet at the station if it is ____________ to you.2・ It took us all day to reach our ________________ ・3・ When you have paid for something, a _______________ is given to you.4・ I will go if my health _______________ .5・ I want two second-class _____________ to Beijing.6.The wheels of the car were _______________ in the mud and we could not go on.7 ・ To travel by _____________ is very convenient.三、选择1. The famous painting Mona Lisa has been __________ t o the public several times.A. boughtB. appearedC. displayedD. caught2.1want to open a flower shop, but first of all I have to get a __________ .A. receiptB. newspaperC. wireD. permit3.1have been admitted to a key university, but I am worried because nobody can ___ me ______ m oney _______ my further education.A. provide, with, withB. provide, with, forC. offer, for, withD. offer, with, in4.It is dangerous _________ you to stand on the wrong side of the road.A. forB. ofC. forD. of5.With five hungry children seated round the table, the food disappeared __________ .A. on timeB. in timeC. at no timeD. in no time6.The film was so wonderful that it is _____________ seeing twice.A.very worthB. well worthC. very worthyD. well worthy7.You should _______ your voice and make yourself ____________ .A. raise; hearB. rise; heardC. bring up; heardD. raise; heard8.1spent five hours ______ the book for which I paid 10 dollars.A. readingB. to readC. readD. to reading9.Some students _________ their hands, showing that they had questions to ask.A. putB. raisedC. roseD. Lifted完形填空When high school started, Becky and I became best friends. We _1_ many interests and quickly became inseparable ・ When high school ended, we both cried _ 2 _ we would attend different colleges in the fkll.Our first term of university life was _3_，We had a huge telephone bill and our e-mails were incredibly long ・ In the second tern-, I found some new friends with whom I felt very _4_・ These were friends with whom I could be myself and _5_ out my feelings. I was eager to share my new friends with Becky ・When Becky finally visited me at my school, we were excited・ She 6 a toy bear to me as a present and told me about her college liffe. However，something unexpected happened when I _7_ her to my new friends. Her eyes grew dark and I could see the 8 within them ・ My new friends tried to share their friendship, but Becky seemed _9_ to accept it. I didn't understand _10_ the people 1 loved most couldn't love each other.Becky left ・ I knew she was not happy. I thought long about what had happened ・ After many unanswered questions, I understood that she was 11 ・She saw me with my new friends and 12 that we longer sharedthe same experiences ・ She saw all she fun I was having 13 her and wished she could be a part of it ・ She wished she could be in their 14 .I wrote a letter to Becky _15_ she's always my best friend・ I told her everyone had friends from home and friends from school, and all the friends were indeed life's greatest 16 ・ Becky wrote me back soon. She was in _17 ________________________________ and felt sorry about what she had done ・I think Becky and I both learn an important lesson from it. _18_ can influence our friendship and change the experiences we!ve shared ・ We are now walking on twodifferent paths of _19 _while new friends arc special and exciting, old friends are always there, 20 to share their heart and soul, no matter how far apart.1.2. 3・4.5.6. 7・8. 9・10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20. A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.showed B ・ sharedalthough B. unless hardB. peacefulB ・ strangeanxiouspour B ・donatedadmittedconcernunwillingC・ protected D・ developedC・ because D・ whileC・ modem D. normalC・ familiar D. comfortablemake C・ figure D. hold B・B・B・returnedreferredhurt C.recommendedD・ introduced阅读AC. broughtD.C・ mentioned curiosity D・ doubtC ・ ashamed that D. whyC・ proud D・ discouragedC・ regretted D・ proved.for D. acrossD. calmB・ cautious whether C・B・ jealousB・ arguedfrom C.B. relation C・ reception D・ positionB. explaining C・ assuming D・ predicting B・spirit C・ gift D. signA. sympathy B・ confusion C・ surprise D. agreementA. Something B・ Anything C・ Nothing D・ EverythingA. successA. waitingA. howB. A.aggressive A.promised withoutB.A.A.A.A.expectationrecognizingachievementB. life C・ research D・ happinessB. planning C・ choosing D. DemandingToday, roller skating is easy and fun. But a long time ago, it wasn't easy at all. Before 1750? the idea of skating didn't exist. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin. Merlin f s work was making musical instruments. In his spare time he liked to play the violin. Joseph Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer.One day Merlin received an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball. He was very ^leased and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think low to make a grand entrance at the party. He nad an idea. He thought he would get a ot of attention if he could skate into the room. 〜〜Merlin tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skates. Merlin was very proud of his invention and dreamed of arriving at the party on wheels while playing the violin.On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin. Everyone was astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlin's grand entrance for a long time! 〜〜1. The text is mainly about ___________ .A.a strange manB.an unusual partyC.how roller skating beganD.how people enjoyed themselves in the 18th century2.People thought Merlin was a dreamer because he ________ .A. often gave others surprisesB. was a gifted musicianC. invented the roller skatesD. was full of imagination3.Merlin put wheels under his shoes in order to . 〜A. impress the party guestsB. arrive at the party soonerC. test his inventionD. show his skill in walking on wheels -4.What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?A.The roller skates needed further improvement.B.The party guests took Merlin for a fool.C.Merlin succeeded beyond expectation.D.Merlin got himself into trouble阅读BYour house may have an effect on your figure . Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you . Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights . Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating , for people are often less self-conscious （难为匸青）when they're in poorly lit places・and so more likely to eat lots of food . If your home doesn't have enough window light，get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors . Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites . In one study， people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room . Warm colors like yellow make tood appear more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel less hungry . So when it's time to repaint，go blue.Don9t forget the clock-or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories （卡路里）per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes, And while you9re at it，actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down，turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishs, Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one ,total intake （摄入）jumps by 14 percent. And we911 pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.25. _________________________________________________ T he text is especially helpful for those who care about _______________________________ .A.their home comfortsB.their body shapeC.house buyingD.healthy diets26. A home environment in blue can help people __________ .A.digest food betterB.reduce food intakeC.burn more caloriesD.regain their appetites27.What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A.Eat quickly.B.Play fast music.e smaller spoons.D.Tum down the lights.28.What can be a suitable title for the test?A.Is Your Hourse Making You Fat?B.Ways of Serving DinnerC.Effects of Self-ConsciousnessD.Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication 语法点：条件状语从句，让步状语从句高考链接(1). (09 北京33) ___ you，ve tried it, you can't imagine how pleasant it is.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When(2).( 10 重庆23) In time of serious accidents , _____ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless(3).(10 陕西20) This is a very interesting book. _____ Pll buy it,・A.how much may it costB.no matter how it may costC.however much it may costD.how may it cost(4).(12 浙江7) The old tower must be saved, ______ the cost.A.howeverB. whateverC.whicheverD.wherever随堂练I.一Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?一I don't mind where we get ____ there's sun, sea and beach.A. as ifB. as long asC. now thatD. in order that2. A small car is big enough for a family of three______ you need more space for bagga ge.A. onceB. becauseC. ifD. unless3.Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow ________ I forget.A. thoughtB. so thatC. in caseD. until4.一Do you have a minute? I've got something to tell you.——Ok, __ you make it short.A. now thatB. if onlyC. so long asD. every time5.Owen wouldn't eat anything _____ he cooked it himselfA. untilB. sinceC. unlessD. while6.一Shall we have our picnic tomorrow? 一_______ it doesn't rain.A. UntilB. WhileC. OnceD. If7.The medicine works more effectively ______ you drink some hot water after taking it.A. asB. untilC. althoughD. if& You may use the room as you like _____ y ou clean it up afterwards.A. so far asB. so long asC. in caseD. even if9.The little boy won't go to sleep ________ his mother tells him a story.A. orB. unlessC. butD. whether10.一Our holiday cost a lot of money.—Did it? Well, that doesn't matter ____________ you enjoyed yourselves.A. as long asB. unlessC. as soon asD. thoughII.He had his camera ready _______ he saw something that would make a good pictur e.A. even ifB. if onlyC. in caseD. so that12.You can borrow my car _____ you promise not to drive too fast.A. unlessB. ifC. in caseD. as long as13.Leave your key with your neighbor ____ you lock yourself out one day.A. as long asB. even thoughC. in caseD. as if14.Would you please give us an example ________ your opinion on 一Two Olympics, Equal Splendor II ?A. in charge ofB. in want ofC. in favour ofD. in honour of15.They gave a ( n)_______ broadcast while the performance was in progress on the stage.A. livelyB. aliveC. livingD. Live16.Yesterday when I was walking along the street I came across one of my old friends in college ________ .A. by incidentB. by accidentC. by chancesD. by turnsModule 4 Great Scientists语法点：被动语态复习高考链接1・ By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ______ i n Beijing.（2009 年上海春招题）—A. would be completedB. was being completedC. has been completeD. had been completed2・ More than a dozen students in that school _______ abroad to study medicine last y ear. （2011年上海高考题）A. sentB. were sentC. had sentD. had been sent3.■一Why did you leave that position?■一I __ a better position at IBM. （2012 年北京高考题）A. offerB. offeredC. am offeredD. was offered4.More patients ______ i n hospital this year than last year. （2010 年江苏高考题）A. treatedB. have treatedC. had been treatedD. have been treated5.Sarah, hurry up. Pm afraid you wouldn9t have time to _ _ before the party. （2011 年全国高考卷）A. get changedB. get changeC. get changingD. get to change随堂练1.Give your key to your neighbor __________you lock yourself out one day.A. as long as B・ even though C・ in case D・ as if2• One leams a language by making mistakes and ___________ them.A. correctsB. correct C・ to correct D・ correcting3・——Why does the river smell terrible?—Because large quantities of water __________.A. have polluted B・ is being pollutedC ・ has been pollutedD ・ have been polluted4・ You are old enough to _______ your own living.A. winB. gain C・ take D. earn5・ John isn't here today. Who can him in the game?A. replaceB. take the place C・ instead of D・ in place of6.His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, hasmany good changes in their lives.A. got throughB. resulted fromC. turned intoD. brought about7 ・ He tried to make it ________ to his parents that he didn't like the job at all.A. clear B・ clean C・ obvious D. anxious8.After numerous experiments, some doctors have made a _______________ in the treatment of cancer.C ・ breakthroughD ・ breakout and since. B ・ has not been heard of D. has not heard of10 ・ The key the problem of traffic jams isto pay the "congestioncharge” ________ b y the mayor of London.A. to solving; introducingB. to solve; introducingC ・ to solving; introducedD ・ to solve; introduced11 ・ There is something we need to _________ before the meeting begins.A. clear upB. clear away C ・ clean up D ・ clean out12 ・ You were fortunate enough to escape __________ f or drunken driving, butdon't drink again.A. finingB. to fine C ・ being fined D. to be fined13 ・ Young children should be ________ t o be honest and equal.A. brought up B ・ brought out C ・ brought down D ・ brought in14 ・ 一Is this a(n) _______ painting by Picasso?—No. Ifs only a good copy.A. stapleB. original C ・ personal D. traditional15 ・ The old man was taking a walk, _________ by his grandson.A. supporting B ・ supported C ・ being supported D ・ having supported综合练习完形填空Where do you go when you want to learn something?A friend?A tutor?These are all 1_aces of leaming.But it may well be that the learning you realy 2_want somewhere else instead. I had the _________________________________ 3_of seeing this first hand on a 4Why daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did very well this season and so 5 a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some 6 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 7 trained. Through the first two games, her 8 did not get on serious shot on goal. As apparent, I 9 seeing my daughter playing her best, _10 ____________________________________________________________________ still defeated.IT seemed that something clicked with the_lj between Saturday and Sunday. When they _12_for their Sunday game, they were_13_different. They had begun integrate (融合)the kinds of play and teamwork they had_14 the day before into their_15_.They played aggressively and_16_ scored a goal.It _17_ me that playing against the other team was a great_18_ moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. _19_ is the best teacher. The lessons they may not be_20 what they would have gotten in school. But are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.1. A.public B. traditional C.official D.special A. breakdown B. breakup 9. Hissister left home in 1998, A. hadnot been heard ofC ・ had not heard of2.A.passes B. works C.lies D.ends3 .A. dream B.idea C.habit D. chance4.A.trip B.holiday C.weekend D.square5 .A. won B. entered anized D.watched6.A.painful B. strange C. common D. practical7.A.less B. poorly C. newly D.better& A. fans B. tutors C.class D.team9. A. imagined B. hated C. avoided D.missedlO.A.if B. or C. but D. as11. A. girls B. parents C. coaches D.viewers12. A. dressed B. showed up C. made up D. planned13. A. slightly B. hardly C. basically D. completely14.A. seen B. known C. heard D. read15. A. styles B. training C.game D.rules16. A. even B. still C. seldom D. again17. A. confused B. struck C. reminded D. warned18. A. touching B. thinking C. encouraging D. learning19.A. Experience B. Independence C. Curiosity D. Interest20.A.harmful to B.mixed with C・ different from D. applied to语法填空AThe adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indiansof the American Southwest are admired by even _________________ 2 ___ most modem of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _3 (able) to "air condition9,a house wathout 4_(use)exectic equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that hert_5 ________________________________ (slow)during cool nights, thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and arenow cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day: 7 the same time, theywarm up again for the night This cycle _8 _ (go) day after day: The walls warm upDuring the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset (扌氐消)for theoutside temperatures. As 9 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges语法点：情态动词复习高考链接1 ."The interest ______ b e divided into five parts, according to the agreement made byboth sides." declared the judge. （2008 重庆）A. mayB. shouldC. mustD. shall2：一The room is so dirty. ______ we clean it? 一Of course. （2007 北京春）A. WillB. ShallC. WouldD. Do3: ------- He's strange------ he ___ sit for hours without saying anything.A. shallB. willC. canD. must4. ________________________ John, look at the time. you play the piano at such a latehour? （2009 全国A. MustB. CanC. MayD. Need5. ____________ Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this! （2008 全国II）A. wouldn'tB. mustn'tC. needn'tD. may not随堂练1.We forbid ________ here. Who has permitted you __________ here?A. smoke; smokingB. smoking; to smokeC. smoking; smokingD. to smoke; smoking2.She _________ the company's accounts, looking for evidence of fraud.A. got through B・ got overC・ went through D・ dipped into3 ・ What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There __________ be twelve.A. should B・ wouldC・ will D・ shall4. They found themselves in front of a wooden house ______________ with bamboo.A. surrounding B・ surroundC・ surrounded D・ being surrounded5 ・ Dogs have a very good __________ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.A. sense B・ view C・ means D・ idea6.The natural resources, such as mine, forest, and hydropower （水电）in that area have been ________________ .A. developed B・ exploited C・ improved D・ expanded7 ・ Judging from the trees ________ with fruits, we will have a good year again.A. heavyB. full C・ filling D. Faced8.1thought you _____ like something to read, so I have brought you some books.A. mayB. mightC. wouldD. must9.Where is my pen? I ____ it.A. might loseB. would have lostC. should have lostD. must have lost10.1didn9t hear the phone. I ___ a sleep.A. must beB. must have beenC. should beD. should have been11.■一There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me aswell.——It ___ a comfortable journeyA. can't beB. shouldn9t beC. mustn't have beenD. couldn't have been12.Ifs nearly seven o9clock . Jack ____ be here at any moment.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. could13.■一I want to know if I ___ s moke here.■一No, you _ . Could you see the sign 一NO SMOKING II there?A. can; needn'tB. must; can'tC. shall; won9tD. may; mustn，t14.My wife never remembers my telephone number. She always________ l ook it up.A.mustB. shouldC. wouldD. has to25. ■一____ you pass me the English magazine, please?■一Sure. Here you are.A. CouldB. NeedC. MustD. MightModule 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World语法点: may have 与might have高考链接(1). They might just have a place _____ on the writing course. Why don9t you give it atry?(2013全国新课标1)A. leaveB. leftC.leavingD. to leave(2). The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _____________ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2007 江西)A. should have takenB. could have takenC. needn't have takenD. mustn't have t aken(3). We ______ h ave proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. (2008 天津)A. needn'tB. may notC. shouldn'tD. mustn't(4). As you worked late yesterday, you __________ h ave come this morning. (2010 陕西)A. mayn'tB. can'tC. mustn'tD. needn't随堂练填空die away/die of/die from/die out/die downl.As a UN report warns, animals ___________ a t a speed 100 times faster now than any time in the past.2.It took a long time before the excitement ______________ .3.The old man ________ sadness after his son' s death.4.The soldier _________ a wound in the breast.5.The sound of the engine _______ as the car drove into the distance.选择1.One should keep _____ facing danger.A. quietB. calmC. stillD. silent2.Attention, please, everybody! Please keep _________ for a moment while I take your photograph.A. stillB. silentC. calmD. quiet3.Listen! There? s a lot of noise from next door. They __________ a party.A. could have had B must be having C. should have had D. can be having4.These toy bricks are _______ different sizes, shapes and colors, but they are exactlythe same __________ .A. in; in weightsB. in; of weightC. of; in weightD. of; of weights5.There ______ m any people _____ in the office, but now nobody is allowed to.A. used to be; smokingB. used to have; smokingC. used to be; smokeD. used to have; smoke。

Section ⅡUsing language1．go with与……同时存在；与……相配；伴随go after追求，追逐，谋求go against 不利于……，违反，反抗go by/on (时间)过去；流逝go over 仔细检查，复习；反复研究go without 没有……也行[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①As time goes____________，our memory will get worse.②She was scared to go____________her father's wishes.③我在找一副跟我的新西装相配的灰色手套。

I was searching for a pair of grey gloves ________________________. 2．cooperate v．合作，协作(1)cooperate with...与……协作/合作(2)cooperation n. 合作in cooperation with... 与……合作(3)cooperative adj. 合作的；同心协力的[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Mary is very considerate towards her colleagues in the company, so they are willing to cooperate _________her.②We would like to see closer ________ (cooperate) between parents and schools.③据报道，这个商品交易会是与当地企业联合举办的。

It was reported that the fair had been organised _______________ local businesses.P221．____________________ 严重的疾病2．____________________ 使人情绪过于激动的看法3．____________________ 一盒纸巾4．____________________ 看完这本书5．____________________ 中心句6．____________________ 很长的词语7．____________________ 分享并传递智慧8．____________________ 故事集P241．____________________ 学期论文2．____________________ 获得你梦想的工作3．____________________ 一位市场分析师4．____________________ 减肥5．____________________ 停止吃垃圾食品6．____________________ 爆胎7．____________________ 面对挑战8．____________________ 与别人合作P251．____________________ 年龄上限2．____________________ 成年学生3．____________________ 获得法学学位4．____________________ 年龄最大的大学毕业生5．____________________ 大学学费复习被动语态一、各种时态的被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be和及物动词的过去分词构成。

Section ⅣDeveloping ideas—Writing写一篇关于非现金支付的文章本单元的写作项目是写一篇关于“非现金支付”的文章，属于正反观点式议论文。

正反观点式议论文是对某个论述话题提出两种对立的见解或主张并说明理由使读者信服的文章。

作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非来确定其观点的正误，支持或否定某种主张，从而达到让读者信服或接受其观点或看法的目的。

[写作要点]1．基本结构正反观点式议论文写作一般分三部分：第一部分：交代背景和引入讨论话题；第二部分：列举正方及反方观点(论点)及其理由(论据)；第三部分：得出结论或给出自己的观点。

2．注意事项(1)文体：属于议论文，要注意论点和论据之间的逻辑性以及不同论据之间的层次性；(2)时态：通常情况下，用现在完成时和一般现在时；(3)人称：以第三人称为主，表达自己的观点时用第一人称。

[常用表达](一)开头部分常用表达1．As for non-cash payments，different people have different opinions.对于“非现金支付”，不同的人有不同的观点。

2．We had a discussion about the advantages and disadvantages about non-cash payments and our opinions are as follows.我们对“非现金支付”的优缺点进行了讨论，我们的观点如下。

3．With the development of economy，non-cash payments have been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life.随着经济的发展，“非现金支付”在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。

(二)主体部分常用表达1．70% of the people(who were) surveyed are satisfied with the non-cash payments./ Those who are satisfied with the non-cash payments account for 70% of the people surveyed.在调查中有70%的人对“非现金支付”满意。

外研版2021版高考英语必修4一轮复习精品讲义必修4 Module 1 Life in the Future一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇——分类记忆Ⅰ.阅读词汇——在不认识的词汇前划√brick n．alternative adj.resource n. material n.solar adj. urban adj.arrest vt. fire vt.outdoors adv. online adv.recreation n. surgery n.optimistic adj. definitely adv.eventually adv.Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形1．limit n．(常作复数) 范围2．command n. 命令；指令3．charge n. 费用；价钱4．power vt. 供给动力5．switch n. 开关vi. 交换；调换6．shape vt. 造成……形状Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变1．mud n．泥→muddy adj.泥泞的；浑浊的；灰暗的2．crime n．罪；罪行→criminal n．罪犯；犯人3．predict vt.预言；预料→prediction n．预测4．risk__vt.&__n．冒险→risky adj.危险的；冒险的5．rely vi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可信赖的；可依靠的6．load vt.装；装载→unload v．卸载→download v．下载7．disable vt.使伤残，使失去能力→disability n．失去能力；伤残→disabled adj.残疾的；丧失能力的8．attach vt.系；贴；连接→attachment n．附属；(邮件)附件1.n.＋­y＝adj.①risk→risky 危险的；冒险的②dirt→dirty 肮脏的③luck→lucky 幸运的④rock→rocky 多岩石的⑤wind→windy 多风的；有风的⑥sleep→sleepy 困倦的2.“乐观，悲观”词汇全接触①optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的②optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义③optimist n. 乐观主义者④pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的⑤pessimism n. 悲观；悲观主义⑥pessimist n. 悲观主义者3.名词后缀­ity一览①disability 失去能力；伤残②possibility 可能性③equality 平等④reality 现实⑤nationality 国籍⑥popularity 受欢迎；普及；流行(二)重点短语——记牢用活1．for__sure 肯定地2．run__out (某物) 用完；不多了；没有了3．rely__on 依靠；依赖4．get__rid__of 除掉；处理掉；摆脱5．free__of__charge 免费6．use__up 用完7．look__out 小心；当心8．for__a__start 首先，一开始9．on__the__way__out 即将被淘汰；即将过时10．carry__out 开展；执行；进行1.“小心；当心”短语全扫描①look out 小心；当心②take care 注意；小心③be careful 小心；细心④be cautious 小心2.way短语大观园①on the way out 即将被淘汰；即将过时②on the way 在路上③in the way 阻挡④in a way 在某种程度上；不完全地⑤in no way 决不(三)重点句式——背熟巧用Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式A．根据汉语提示写出下列单词1．The person charged(指控) with murder proved to be innocent at last.2．You’re a powerful(有影响力的) man—people will listen to you.3．Light­hearted and optimistic(乐观的), she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.4．Change is much easier when you have many supporting partners and unlimited resources(资源)．5．(2018·江苏卷)With these analyses in mind, art students need not worry about their career and have an alternative(供选择的) plan.B．根据所给单词写出适当形式6．Childhood experience often plays a big part in shaping(shape) one’s character.7．He was born in a poor family, and only received limited(limit) education in his childhood.8．Eventually(eventual) your child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult.9． A new series of simple English reading materials(material) for middle school students has come out this year.10．The lorry, loaded(load) with bricks, broke down suddenly in the middle of the bridge.Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny—usually two or three cents was charged—and some of the older well­known papers charged five or six cents.要价2．(2019·江苏卷) Emma had never taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.依恋；附属于3．(2019·天津卷)It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.塑造4．(2019·天津卷)A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions.材料5．(江西卷)The troops were commanded by General Haig. 指挥Ⅲ.选词成篇for sure; run out; rely on; get rid of; use up; look out No one knows what will happen 1.for__sure in the future. Besides, no one can predict what we can 2.rely__on when natural resources 3.run__out/are__used__up. However, what we can do now is to protect the environment. We should try our best to 4.get__rid__of bad habits.place an order/orders; free of charge; for a start; on the way outIn this shopping day, I didn’t 5.place__an__order withgoods from the Internet. 6.For__a__start,__not all the goods are of high quality. Besides, though the delivery of many goods are 7.free__of__charge,__they are often delayed.Ⅳ.完成句子1．无论明天发生什么，只要保持微笑，你就不会后悔。

必修四module 1一、重点词组：1.for sure确定，肯定地sure enough果然，的的确确to be sure诚然be sure that从句/of/about sth./doing sth./to domake sure 弄清楚，查明白make sure of/about sth./that从句be sure of/about或be sure that的主语是人，表示主语对某事有把握，确信be sure to do主语可以使人也可以是物，表示说话人的推测一定，必然会，而非主语的推测，不能用it is sure that----句型，但可以用it is certain that----句型2.run out用完，用光，give out不及物动词短语，主语通常表示时间、金钱、食物、耐心、精力等名词run out of用完，use up及物动词短语，表主动含义，主语为人。

run after追赶，追求run into sb./sth.遇到/撞上某人/某物run for竞选run across偶然遇见，发现run away逃走run around/round到处跑in the long run从长远来看3.rely on sb.to do sth.指望/相信某人做某事rely on sb./sth. for---指望某人/某物---以获得---rely on it that---相信---，指望---depend on sb.to do sth.依靠别人做某事depend on sb. for sth.指望某人做某事4.plenty of许多，大量的既可以修饰可数名词复数，修饰不可数名词，通常用于肯定句，在否定句和疑问句中常用enougha large amount of+不可数名词+单数large amounts of+不可数名词+复数quantities of复数a lot of /lots of/plenty of+可数名词复数+复数/不可数名词+单数many/a great/good many /a large number of+可数名词复数+复数much/ a great deal of+不可数名词+单数5.think about考虑think of想起think highly of赞赏think badly of认为---不好think much of对---评价很高think nothing of把---视为平常think of ---as认为---是think over 仔细考虑think aloud自言自语6.get rid of摆脱，除去rid ---of---使---摆脱--- break awayfron,free---from—7.be loaded with充满，装满，负担有---a load of/loads of很多，许多take a load off one’s mind解除某人的思想负担，使某人如释重负8.prevent/discourage /stop/keep---from doing 阻止---做---protect---from/against保护---免受--- save---from---使---免遭--- 9.beyond/over the limit超出限度within/without limits适度地；有节制地，无节制地set a limit of对---规定限度limit---to---把---限制在---内be limited to局限于---10.c ommand ab. to do sth.命令某人做某事command that---(should)do命令---have a good command of对---运用自如，精通at one’scommand听某人的吩咐in/under the command of sb.由某人控制/指挥in command of控制，指挥take command of 开始指挥，控制11.f ree of charge免费in charge of负责，掌管，照料（人）in the chargeof由---管理（物）take charge of掌管，控制，负责charge---for---对---收费---charge sb. some money for sb.因某事/某物收某人钱charge sb. with sth./accuse sb. of sth.因某事控告某人12.take power掌权come to/into power得势in power掌权的，执政的out of power下台，丧失权力beyond /out of one’s power，某人不能胜任13.a t the flick of轻轻一按at the sight of一看到----at the thought of一想到14.s witch on 打开，接通switch off关掉，关上switch over转换，交换位置15.b e attached to附属于，依恋attach ----to----将---系在或附在----attach importance to重视，认为----重要attach oneself to sb.参加，和---在一起attach to sb./sth.与---有联系on attachment受派遣16.l ook out小心，注意look ahead向前看，为将来打算look back回顾look down upon鄙视，看不起look forward to期待look into观察，调查look on观看，旁观look over检查，查看look through仔细检查look up 仰视，查阅look up to赞赏，尊敬look out for警惕17.g et stuck围住，陷入---之中get lost迷路get drunk喝醉get engaged订婚get dressed穿衣get changed换衣服get tired of厌倦get used to习惯于get pleased感到满意get surprised感到吃惊18.r ead through仔细核对，认真通读get through结束，完成，接通电话go through经历，遭受think through想透talk through仔细讨论，彻底讨论see through识破，看透pass through经过，路过put through接通电话break through突破live through渡过，经历过cut through从---穿过19.f or a start/ to start with首先，第一from start to finish从头到尾witha start猛地，吃惊地from the start从开始at the very start一开始20.o n the way out即将被淘汰，即将过时all the way自始至终by way of经过by the way顺便说一下in a/one/some way在某种程度上in no way绝不in the way妨碍make one’s way前往，行进under way在进行中give way让步，屈服on one’s way to在某人去---的途中21.i n progress在进行中make progress取得进展，进步make progresstowards朝着---前进22.i n shape在形状中stay in shape保持体型in the shape of呈---的形状in good shape体型好out of shape变形，走样in any shape/form 以任何形式shape---into---把---做成---形状be shaped like形状像take shape形成，初具规模23.g et away from避免，离开，逃离get away with做某事不受惩罚getacross使被理解get down to开始着手做get over克服get through 通过，完成，接通电话24.l oad sb./sth. with让某人拿东西，用---装---load sth. into/onto sth.把---装载到---里面be loaded with充满---，装满---a load of/loads of很多，许多take a load off one’s mind使某人如释重负二、语法：1.表目的：to do /in order to do/so as to do(不用于句首)in orderthat/so that后面的句子多含有情态动词2.将来进行时shall/will be doing表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，现在正在进行的动作，但这个动作会延续到将来，表示预定的将来的动作或对将来的预测与将来时的区别；表将来意义的现在进行时表示一种事先经过考虑的、将来要发生的动作，而将来进行时通常表示在一般情况下会发生的动作eg.i am visiting the adviser tomorrow. I will be visiting the adviser tomorrow.现在进行时必须有确定的时间3.一般将来时的用法：be+to do表示该动作来自约定、协议或要求、命令4.not与all,both，every以及由every构成的不定代词连用时，无论not在句子中什么位置都表示部分否定，不都，并非都；完全否定用neither，none，no one或nobody5.too---to do sth.太---而不能做某事too---to---和never,not等否定副词连用，表示无论---也不过分，越---越好6.there’s no alternative---别无选择an alternative to---的替代品,别无选择只好做某事have no alternative but to do sth./have no choice but to do sth./can’t help but do/can’t choose but do sth./can donothing but do7.with+宾语+doing，with+宾语+done,with+宾语+to do三、词义辨析：1.provide提供物品或信息，supply提供物品offer主动提供物品或帮助2.charge费用，要价，尤指给予服务后索要的费用，充电，指控，负责，掌管cost原价，成本，包括对某物所付出的一切费用及时间、劳动等的代价price价格指商品出售时所定的价钱expense费用，花费常用复数，尤指大量的花费支出3.power侧重于职权、权力或动力energy人的精力或自然界的能量strength人的力气或物的强度force武力或军事力量4.blame责备charge起诉，控诉，和with搭配accuse控诉，和of搭配scold斥责5.eventually最后，终于definitely确定地，无疑地predict预言，预料optimistic乐观的risky危险的，冒险的limited有限的urban城市的flick 轻打，轻弹module 2一、重点词组1.get around四处走动，消息传开(get round,get about) get on/alongwith与人相处，事情进展get across被理解，使通过get down记下，写下get in收获，插话get off下车，出发get out of摆脱，从----中出来get over恢复健康，克服get away with做错事而未被惩罚get away摆脱，脱身get through打通电话，完成get down to着手做2.be connected to强调实际的连接be connected with事物之间的联系have something to do with与---有关系be related to beconnected by由---连接3.in no time马上，一会儿at the same time同时in time及时，迟早on time准时at no time（倒装）从不，决不at a time每次，一次at one time曾经，一度ahead of time提前all the time一直at times 有时from time to time偶尔kill time打发时间take one’s time别着急，慢慢来4.impress sth. on/upon sb.使某人意识到某事be impressed by/with留下深刻印象impress sth. on one’s mind让某人牢记某事/某物have a good/bad impression on sb.给某人留下一个好的/坏的印象5.under repair在修理中under discussion在讨论中under way在进行中under construction正在建设中under consideration在考虑中under attack遭受攻击under examination在检查或调查中under study在研究中under +n.表示进行、被动=进行时的被动语态6.in progress在进行中in action在运转in sight看得见in store贮藏着7.on fire在燃烧on trial在试用on display/on show/on exhibition在展出8.be convenient to do sth.做某事很方便convenient stores便利店atone’s convenience在某人方便的时候for convenience为方便起见（不能以人为主语It is convenient for/to sb. to do sth.;when it isconvenient to/for you）9.be worth +n.值----只能接表示钱数或代价、价值等词；doing值得做（主动表被动）be worthy后接of being done和to be done,不能接表示钱数的词10.i n the point of sb.在某人看来have a good/high opinion of=thinkmuch/highly of对---评价好/高have a bad/low opinion of=thinkbadly/little of be against one’s opinion反对某人的观点11.r eact to产生反应；回应react on/upon对---给予反应，影响，起作用react with发生化学反应react against反抗，对抗reaction to对---的反应12.t he answer/reply to----的答案the entrance to-----的入口thedamage to,the letter to,the key to—的答案the access to—的通道/机会the approach to----的途径/方法13.i n a -----mood有----的心情be/feel in the mood for sth.有意做某事，有做某事的心情be in no mood for sth./to do sth.不想做某事，没心情做某事14.k eep out of使---不进入keep out挡住，不让进来keep away远离keep on继续keep back忍住，隐瞒keep to遵守，信守keep off使远离，避免吃某物keep up持续不变，熬夜，维持keep up with跟上15.a sk for permission请求许可without permission未经许可with sb.’spermission在某人许可的情况下16.p rovide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth.向某人提供某物provide for赡养，养活provide against预防，防备provided/providing that---假如---，倘若---17.b e trapped in/be caught in被困在---stick to遵守，坚持stick out伸出，突出18.T here is a limit to---是有限度的within the limits of---在---范围之内without limit无限地over/beyond the limit超量，超出限度set a limit to---对---规定限度limit---to---把---限定在---19.b eyond compare无可比拟beyond description难以形容beyonddoubt 毫无疑问beyond suspicion无可怀疑20.s tick sth. on把---贴在---上stick sth. into把---插入stick up for支持，为---辩护二、语法1.第二人称祈使句表示向对方提出请求、命令，主语一般不用，加强语气在动词原形前+do；否定祈使句，在谓语动词前加donot/don’t/never;let’s,let sb.+动词原形，祈使句可以是第三人称，必须表示出来，为了明确指出向谁发出命令或提出要求等委婉的祈使句：why not+v. would you mind+doingwill/would/can/could you please+v.祈使句为肯定句，反义疑问句可以用won’t；否定句，will you let’s，shall we祈使句，祈使句，请求，命令或建议；主语是you 常省去，动词原形开头记。

Section Ⅴ1．________ n．额，前额2．________ adj.无表情的，木然的3．________ adj.头晕目眩的4．________ n．女主席；女会长5．________ n．(事物的)潜力，可能性6．________ n．投入(物)7．________ n．阶段，时期8．________ v．购买9．________ n．奖金；红利10．________ n．顾问11．________ adj.传统的，常规的12．________ n．赤道13．________ n．庄园14．________ adj.质量上乘的，优质的15．________ adj.不浓烈的，淡的16．_________n.卡(路里)17．________ v．(短期的)租用，租借18．________ n．滥用19．__________n.偷窃，偷盗20．________ n．(女式)钱包1．enterprise n．事业心；进取心；创业精神→________ adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的2．distribute v．分发；分配；分销→________ n．(商品的)分销，经销3．guide n．指南；向导；指导者v．指引；指导→________ n．指导，引导4．discriminate v．不公正地区别对待，歧视→________ n．区别对待，歧视5．subjective adj.主观的→__________ ad v.主观地6．finance n．财政；金融→________ adj.财政的，金融的；财务的7．automatic adj.自动的→________ ad v.自动地8．sorrow n．令人悲伤的事，不幸→________ adj.悲伤的9．expense n．费用，花费→________ adj.昂贵的；花钱多的→________ ad v.昂贵地1．____________ 至于，关于，就……而论2．____________ 深呼吸3．____________ 喜爱，爱好4．____________ 最终，结果是5．____________ 怀着……的希望6．____________ 与……大不相同7．_____________ 对……产生浓厚的兴趣8．____________ 鳞次栉比9．____________ 开始10．____________ 陷入债务之中，负债11．____________ 使收支仅能相抵12．____________ 以最低价格13．____________ 出租(房屋、房间、土地等)14．____________ 以损害……为代价15．____________ 对……的回应16．____________ 受支配；从属于；常遭受……17．____________ 承担；呈现；雇用18．____________ 与……有关19．____________ 进一步保护……1．[句型公式]独立主格结构作状语They stared back，_______________________ as to what they would say next.他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。

外研版高一必修4知识点归纳Unit 1 Life in the Future重点词汇：alternative; arrest; brick; concrete; criminal; disability; entertainment 重点短语in the future 将来care for 照顾；关心plenty of 大量的think about考虑instead of 代替be able to能够attach to连接到；附属于have an accident 发生意外；出事故for a start开始on the way out 在路上a few of一些be made of由…制成throw away扔掉；丢弃for sure确定place an order 排列顺序语言点用法过关1. alternative adj. 替换的，可供选择的（二者中）选择其一的考点归纳(1) alternative energy 替代能源alternative ways 可供选择的方法(2) have no alternative but to do 除……别无选择as an alternative 作为一种变通的方法alternative to ……的替代物辨析：alternative 强调必须从两或多个中选一个choice 强调自由选择，不论选择的方式多或少preference 强调按自己喜欢的方式进行选择2. run out用完；耗尽考点归纳run after 追求；追赶run at 冲向；突袭run away 逃走；逃跑run into 偶然遇见；撞上；陷入3. rely on依赖；依靠考点归纳rely on/ upon s./ 依赖/依靠rely on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事rely on it that…相信……指望……辨析rely on 强调凭借经验判断是否可以相信或依赖，侧重于从人品、感情方面的依赖、信赖。