专题十三 主谓一致与there be 句型
贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势
考查点 年份 题号 考查角度
分值 there be
句型与主 谓一致
2015 31 there be 句型主谓一致和
时态
1分 2013
40
there be 句型(there is something wrong with …)
1分
分析近5年贵阳中考真题可以看出，there be 句型与主谓一致为贵阳中考单项选择题的常考点，而且常与时态同时考查。语句设置多为单句，词数为8～14。如：2015年31题考查there be 句型的过去时；偶尔也会考查固定句型，如：2013年40题考查“There is something wrong with …”的用法，但2016年没考there be 句型。
预测2017年贵阳中考单项选择题会涉及一道题考查there be 句型或主谓一致。
贵阳中考重难点突破
【满分点拨】 一、语法一致原则
使用情况
例句
“不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句”等用作
主语，谓语动词用单数形式 The girl is fond of singing.
To protect the environment is our duty. Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.
表示复数的名词、代词作主语，谓语动词用
复数形式
The students are having their math class.
They have been to Qingdao twice.
and 连接主语时，如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物，谓语动词用复数形式；如果该并列主语 指的是“同一个人或事物”(即and 后面的名词前面没有冠词)，
则谓语动词要用单数形式 Eating vegetables and doing exercise are good
for our health.
The writer and teacher is coming. The writer and the teacher are coming.
续表
使用情况例句both…and…连接主语，谓语动词用复数形式Both Peter and Mike come from England.
有些只有复数形式的名词(如glasses，
shorts，trousers，jeans，shoes，clothes，
gloves等)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
Jack's glasses are broken.
Linda's shoes are black and blue.
“a number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动
词用复数形式；“the number of＋复数名
词”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式
A number of trees have been planted.
The number of the men teachers in our school is
more than 120.
不定代词another，each one，either，
neither，the other，somebody，someone，
something，nobody，everybody，
everyone，everything，nothing，anybody，
anything，anyone，no one等作主语时，谓
语动词用单数形式
Is everyone here？
Something is wrong with my computer.
I called you last night，but nobody was in.
续表
使用情况例句主语后面跟with，along with，like，except，
besides，as well as，together with，
including，no less than，rather than，as much as等词或短语时，谓语动词的数与主语保持
一致Mei Mei，with her parents，often goes to the
park on Sunday.
A teacher，together with some students，is
standing at the gate.
主语前面有表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a
kind(sort/type/form/pair/cup/glass/piece/load/bl
ock/box/hand-ful/quantity/ton/meter/…)of”等
时，表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复
数决定谓语的单复数形式
This kind of car is made in China.
Large quantities of water are needed.
“分数或百分数＋名词”作主语或“a lot
of/lots of，plenty of，most of＋名词”作主语
时，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于名词。
Two thirds of the work has been finished.
若名词是单数可数名词或者是不可数名词，
则谓语动词用单数形式；若名词是可数名词
复数，则谓语动词用复数形式
Most of the books are written in English.
注意：(1)what从句作主语时，如果表示的是单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果表示的是复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。如：
What we need is time.我们需要的是时间。
What she needs are good books.她需要的是一些好书。
(2)and连接并列主语，若前面有each，every，many a，no等词修饰时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：
Each boy and each girl has got a present.每个男孩和女孩都收到了一份礼物。
二、意义一致原则
使用情况例句
有些集体名词如crowd，family，team，group，
government，class，staff，public等，它们作主
His family isn't large.
语时，谓语动词的数要根据具体语境而定；若它
们表示一个集体单位，则动词用单数形式；若表
示集体中的成员，则谓语用复数形式
His family are fond of watching sports programs.
有些集合名词如people，police，cattle，
poultry(家禽)等，形式上是单数，而意义上却表示
复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；有些名词如
The police are searching for the murder.
news，means，works，physics，politics，maths
等，形式上是复数，而意义上却表示单数，因此
谓语动词用单数形式
Physics is really difficult for me.
“the＋某些形容词”可以表示一类人，作主语
The young are energetic.
时，谓语动词用复数形式
某些代词或短语如half(of)，plenty(of)，the
Half of the work has been finished.
rest(of)，(a) part(of)等作主语时，谓语动词应视其
“具体所指”即所修饰的名词来决定单、复数
Half of the workers have finished their work ahead of
time.
表示复量、度量、时间、长度、价格、数学运算
Two pounds isn't so heavy.
等的词或短语作主语时，通常视为一个整体，谓
语动词用单数形式
Two months is a long holiday.
