同等学力基英语高频词汇
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2011年同等学力英语基础巩固班讲义词汇讲义词汇词汇是语言的基本要素之一,其重要性毋庸赘述。
无论对于准备参加何种英语考试的考生来说,词汇准备的充分与否都是影响考试成败的关键,同等学力英语考试也不例外。
对于本考试而言,词汇量的大小直接影响到考生词汇部分做题的正确率、阅读文章的速度以及主观表达的准确性。
然而,对于很多考生来说,在备考过程中,最大的障碍也正来自于词汇。
这不是因为学生没能认识到其重要性,也并非因为他们在词汇方面花费的时间、投入的精力不够,而是因为很多考生对于词汇的准备非常盲目、不得要领。
因此,尽管付出了很多,但收获却难以令人满意。
由此,如何在短时间内有效地扩大词汇量达到大纲要求就成了考生面临的第一要务。
词汇考试要求分析和复习方法介绍一、考试大纲对于词汇部分的要求:《同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语考试大纲》要求考生在考前掌握大约6200个英语单词和600个常用词组。
单词根据日常使用的频度和难易程度,又分为积极词汇和一般词汇。
其中的2360个积极词汇要求熟练掌握,即能在会话、写作和翻译中准确地运用;其余一般词汇则要求能在阅读中识别和理解。
试卷中直接考查词汇的题主要集中在第二部分词汇和第四部分综合填空。
词汇部分共设20~30题。
本部分包括两节。
A节包括10~15题,形式为单句选择替换。
要求考生对单句中带下划线的一个词或词组进行替换选择,即从所给的4个备选答案中选出一个最佳替换词或词组。
B节包括10~15题,形式为单句选择填空。
要求考生根据句意从所给的4个备选答案中选出最佳答案,填入空白处,使句子完整。
综合填空部分共设10~15题。
本部分也设有两种题型,每次考试设其中一种题型。
题型一:在一篇难度适中的短文中设置10~15个空白,要求考生从所给的4个备选答案中选出一个最佳答案。
备选答案可以是单词,也可以是短语。
题型二:在一篇与题型一同样难度和长度的短文中设置10~15个空白,在短文前所设的方框中给出同等数量的备选答案。
考生从备选答案中为每个空白选出一个最佳答案。
同样,备选答案可以是单词,也可以是短语。
由此可见,对核心单词和词组的掌握,对于这两部分,以至整个考试的成败都具有重要的意义。
二、考试考查的重点和复习方法:根据对历年试卷的分析概括,考试实际上对考生在词汇方面的要求主要为辨认能力、辨析能力以及对词的灵活运用程度三个方面。
因此,忽略单词的用法而孤立的去背单词是不可取的。
基础阶段背单词的复习应包括对基本词汇的词性、含义有清楚的认识和理解,并对不同词性、不同词类的单词以及同义词、近义词和形近词有初步的辨析能力。
我们建议大家可以从2360个积极词汇以及常用的词组入手,通过老师的讲解及习题的练习逐步达到上述的各项能力。
第一节同等学力词汇资料库1.同等学力积极词汇A(187Words)a/an abandon ability ableabound about above abroadB(104Words)back backgroung backward(s)bad bake balance ban band bank bar bare barely bargain barrier base basic basis bath bathe battlebe bear beat beautiful because become before beg begin beginning behalf behave behavio(u)r behind belief believe belong below bend beneath benefit beside besides betray better between beyond biasbig bill bind bitbite bitter blame bleed bless blind block blow board boast boil bold bond book boom boost border bored boring born borrow both bound boundary bow branch brave break breath breathe breed bribe brief bright bring brink broad broadcast broken brush build bunch bundle burden burn burst bury business busy but buy byC(234Words)calculate call calm campaign can cancel capable capacity capital car care careful careless carry case cashD(161Words)daily damage dance danger dangerous dare dark datadate dead deaf dealdebate debt decade decay deceit deceive decide decision declare decline decorate decoration decrease dedicate deduce deemdeep defeat defend defense/-ence define definite degree delay deliberate delicate delicious delight deliver demand demonstrate denotedeny depend dependent depress deprive depth derive descend describe description desert deserve design desirable desire despair despite destroy destruction destrictive detail detect determination determine develop development deviate device devote devotion die differ defference different differentiate difficult difficulty diffuse dig dimension diminish dip direct directionE(139Words)each eager early earnease easy eat economic edge edit educate education effect effective efficient efforteither elastic elder electelection electric electricity electronic eliminate else embark embarrass embrace emerge emergency emotion emotional emphasis emphasize/-ise employ employment empty emulate enable enclose encounter encourage encouragement end endeavo(u)r energetic energy enforce engage engineer enhanceenjoy enjoyable enlist enormous enough enrich enrol(l)ensureenter entertain entertainment enthusiastic entire entitle entrance envelope environment envy equal equalityequip equipment equivalent escapeF(109Words)face facilitate fade failfailure faint fair fairlyfaith faithful fall FALSE fame familiar famous fanfancy far fare fashion fashionable fast fasten fatfate fault favo(u)r favo(u)rable favo(u)rite fear feast feature federation feed feel feeling female fever few fieldfierce fight figure filefill final finally finance financial find fine finishfinite fire fit fixflash flat flexible floatflood flow fluctuate flyfocus fold follow fondfool for forbid force foreign foresee forget forgive form formal former formulate forth forthcoming fortunate fortune forward foster foundation frameworkG(49Words)gain gamble gap gather gear general generally generate generation generous gentle getgive glad glass global glory glue go goal golden good goods govern grace graceful gradual graduate grand grant grasp grateful great greed greedy greet grief grind ground group grow growth guarantee guard guess guidance guide guideline guiltyH(61Words)habit hand handle hang happen happy hard harden hardly hardship harm harmful harness harvest hate hatred have heal health healthy hear heavy height help helpful hence here hesitate hide high highlight hinder hint hire history hit hobby hold hollow holy honest honesty hono(u)r hook hope hopeful hopeless horizon horizontal host how however human humble humo(u)r humorous hunger hungry hunt hurry hurtI(123Words)ice idea ideal identical identify idle if ignorance ignorant ignore ill illegal illness illusion illustrate image imaginary imagination imagine imitate immediate immediately immense immune impact impair impart impede impetus implement implicit imply importance important impose impossible impress impression impressive improve improvement in incentive incident incline include incorporate increase indeed independence independent index indicate indecation indispensable individual indoor indoors induce industrial inevitable infect infection infectious infer influence influential inform information inherent inherit inhibit initial initiate initiative injure injury innocent innovation input inquire/enquire inquiry/enquiry insect insert inside insight insist inspect inspiration inspire instance instant instead insitnct institution instruct instruction insult insurance insure integral integrate integrity intelligence intelligent intend intense intention interact interest interesting interfere intermediate internal international interpret interrupt interval intervene into intrinsic introduce introduction invent invention invest investigate investment invitation invite involve inward irrespective isolate issueJ(14Words)jealous job join jointjoke journal joy Judg(e)ment judge jump just justiceK(11Words)keen keep kick killkind kindness kiss kneelknock know knowledgeL(69Words)label Labo(u)r lack ladderlag land large lastlate lately latter laugh launch law lay lazylead lean learn leastleave lecture left legallend length less lessonlet level liberty lielife lift light like likelihood likely likewise limblimit link list listenlittle live load loanlocal locate lock logiclogical lonely long lookloom loose lose losslot loud love lowlower loyal loyalty luckluckyM(95Words)maintain majority make male manage manifest manipulate manner manual manufacture many march margin mark marriage married marry mass master match matter mature may maybemean means meantime meanwhile measure mechanic media mediate medical meet melt memorize/-ise memory mend mental mention mercy mere merry message metal method middle mightN(43Words)naked narrow nasty national native natural nature near nearly neat necessary necessity need negative neglect neither nervous never nevertheless newnews newspaper next nicenoble noise none nonetheless nor norm normal note notice notion nowhere nuclear number numerous nurtureO(68Words)on once only open operate operation opinion opponent opportunity oppose opposite option optional or order ordinary organ organize/-ise orient origin other otherwise ought out outcome outdoor outdoors outlet outline output outstanding over overall overcome overlap overlook overseas overtake owe ownP(192Words)pace pack painful paintpair pale paper parallel paralyze/-yse parcel pardon parkQ(10Words)qualify quality quantity quarrel question quick quiet quitquite quoteR(150Words)radical radio raise random range rank rapid rarerarely rate rather ratioraw reach react readready real realize/-ise really reason reasonable recall receipt receive recent recently recognition recognize/-ise recommend reconcile record recover recruit reduce reduction refer refine reflect reform refrain refresh refuge refusal refuse regard regarding region register regret regular regulate regualtion reinforce reject rejoice relate related relation relationship relative relax release relevant relief relieve religion religious reluctant rely remain remark remarkable remedy remember remind remove render rent repair repeat replace reply report represent representative reproduce reputation request require rescue research resemblance resemble resent reserve reside resign resist resistance resolve resource respect respond response responsibility responsible restS(279Words)sacrifice sad safe safeguard safety sail sake salesame sample satisfaction satisfactory satisfied satisfy save saysaying scale scarce scatter scene scenery scent schedule scientific scold scope scorn scrape scratch scream screen search second secret section sector secure see seekseem seize seldom select selfish sell send sensation sense sensible sensitive sentence separate sequence series serious serve service set settle several severe sex sexual shade shadow shake shall shallow shame shape share sharp shave shield shiftshine shock shoot short shortage shot should shout show shower shrink shutshy sick side sideways sight sign signal significance significant silence silent silly similar simple simlate since sincere sing single singularT(100Words)table tackle tailor taketalk tall tame taptarget taste teach tear technical technology tell temporary tempt tend tendency tender tense terminate terrible terrortest than thank thethen theory there thereby therefore thick thin thingthink thirst thirsty thorough though thought thread threat threaten thrive through throwthus tidy tie tighttill time tip tiretired to together tootop total touch tough toward towards trace trade tradition traditional traffic transcend transfer transform transit translate translation transmit transparent transport travel treasure treat treatment tremble trend trial trick trigger trouble true trusttruth try tune turntutor twist type typicalU(37Words)ugly ultimate uncertain unconscious uncover under undergo underlie undermine understand undertake undo unfair uniform unify union unique unite universal unlessuntil unusual up upgrade upon upright upset upwardV(32Words)vain valid valuable value variety various vary vehicleveil verse version vertical very vessel via victory view viewpoint violate violence violent virtual virtue visible vision visit visualize/-ise vital volume volunteer vote voyageW(73Words)wage wait wake walk wander want warm warmth warn wash waste watch water wave way weak weaken wealth wear weave week weekly weigh welcome welfare well wet what whatever when whenever where whereas whereby whether which whichever while/whilst whip whisper whistle who whoever wholewhy wicked wide widespread width wild will willingwin wind wipe wisdom wise wish with within without withness wonder work worried worry worship worth worthwhile would wrap write wrongY(5Words)year yearly yet yield young2.同等学力考试词组A(67Word groups)a few a good/great deal/many a little/few(of) a lot(of)/lots of a number of a series of above all account for adaptadapt……toadd(up)to agree on/upon with/to after allall at once all of a sudden all overall right all the same all the time allow for and so on/forth anything but apart from appeal to apply toas a matter of fact as a result(of)as a ruleas far as as far as as…….be concerned as followsas for as good as as if/though as(so)long as at the spot as regardsas soon as as to as usualas well as aside from ask afterask for at a loss at a timeat all costs at(all)time at any rateat best at first at first sightat hand at heart at homeat intervals at large at lastat least/most at length at onceat one time at sb sb’’s disposal attend toat the cost of at the mercy of at the moment at the same timeB(40Word groups)back and forth back up back offbe about to believe in be made up of benefit from bear in mind because of before long beyond question break away break down break in(into)break off break out break through break upbring about bring down bring forward bring/come/put into effect bring out bring up/operation/practice build up burn outburn up burst into but forby accident/chance by all/no means by airby and by by far by handC(46Word groups)call for call off call on/uponcall up calm/cool down cannot butcannot help capable of care about/forcarry off carry on carry outcast light on/upon catch up with catch sb sb’’s eyecatch sight of check in/out check upcheer up clear away clear upcome about come across come aroundcome off come out come overcome to come true come upwith……about come up with comparecompare……to/with consult with contribute to cope with count oncover……withcount out cover up covercross out cut across cut downcut in cut off cut outcut shortD(20Word groups)deal in deal with dedicatededicate……to deprive……of devotedevote……to die downdeprivedistinguish……from die out differ from distinguishone’’s best divide into do away with do/try onedo/go without draw in draw updress up drop by/in drop offdrop out due toE(6Word groups)either……or end up(with)each other eitherever so ever now and then except for/thatF(21Word groups)face to face face up to fall back onfall behind fall in love(with)fall outfall through far from feel at homefeel like figure out fill in/outfocus on for ever for example/instanceG(37Word groups)gaze at get along with get atget away from get back(to)(to)……(from)get byget down to get in get in the wayget into get on/off get outget over get rid of get the better ofget through get to get togetherget up give away give ingive up go after go aheadgo around/round go back on/upon/from go forgo in for go into go offgo out go over go upgo through with go wrong good atguard againstH(22Word groups)had better hand down hand in handhand out hand/pass over hang abouthang on hang up happen tohave an advantage over have sth.in mind have nothing to do with head for/on heart and soul hear about/ofhear from hold back hold on(to)hold out hold up how abouthurry upI(65Word groups)if only in a hurry in a momentin a sense in a way in a wordin accordance with in addition(to)in advancein all in any case in any eventin case(of)in charge of in commonin consequence(of)in debt in detailin difficulty in effect in factin favo(u)r of in front of in futurein general in half in honor ofin itself in(the)light of in line within memory of in no case in no timeK(11Word groups)keep back keep down keep in mindkeep off keep on keep oneone’’s wordkeep pace(with)keep to keep up(with)knock down knock outL(38Word groups)lack of laugh at lay asidelay down lay off lay outlead to lean on learn by heartleave alone leave behind leave outlet alone let down let golet out line up(for)light uplisten to little by little live onlive through live up to long forlook after look at look backlook down upon look for look forward tolook in look into look onlook over look through look up(to)one’’s temperlose heart lose oneM(20Word groups)make clear make for make friends/face/fussone’’s way make outmake fun of make onemake sense make sure make the best/most of make the difference make up make up for one’’s mind make use of make waymake up onemany a may/might as well mistake forN(8Word groups)neither……nor never mind no doubtneitheronly……but alsono longer/more no more than not onlynothing but now and thenO(41Word groups)occur to of course off and onon a large(small)scale on account of on(an\the)average on behalf of on board on businesson condition that on/off duty on earthon foot on hand on occasion(s)one’’s own on purposeon(one(one’’s)guard on oneon/for scale on schedule on second thoughtson the contrary on the grounds of on the one/other hand on the point of on the road on the sideon the spot on the whole on timeonce again once and for all once in a whileonce more once upon a time one anotheror else or so other thanout of(breath/control/date/order/place/practice/sight/the question/touchover and over(again)P(28Word groups)pass away pass on pay backpay attention to pay for pay offpick out pick up piece togetherprefer……toplay a part(in)point out preferprior to pull down pull in/outpull off pull on pull upput across put aside put awayput down put forward put input out put over put to useput up(with)Q(2Word groups)queue up quite a fewR(16Word groups)S(46Word groups)search for see about see aftersee into see off see throughsee(to it)that seek after/for send offserve as set about set apartset aside set down set forthset off/out set up settle downshake off show off show upshut down shut off shut upside by side sit/stay up slow down/upso as to so far so far as as……be concerned so long as sooner or later spring upspeak of speak out stand bystand for stand out stand up for/tostep up/down stick to substitute forsuch as suffer from sum upswitch on/offT(37Word groups)take advantage of take after take aparttake away take care(of)take charge(of)take delight in take down take effecttake for take for granted take intake into account take off take ontake over take part in take placetake the place of take turns take upthanks to that is to say the moment(that)the same as think highly of think overthrow light on/upon to the point try ontry out turn down turn inturn on/off turn over turn toturn upU(3Word groups)up to up to date use upW(21Word groups)wait on warm up wash upwatch out(for)wear off wear outwhether……orwhat about what if whetherwind up wipe out with regard towith respect to with the exception of without questionword for word work at work outrather……than write off would rather would rather第二节实题演练Part1Section ADirections:In this section,there are ten sentences,each with one word or phrase underlined.Choose the one from the four choices marked A,B,C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11.There are several forms during the development of this animal.[A]transitional[B]constant[C]irregular[D]innovative12.According to the legend,Remulus were by a she-wolf.[A]educated[B]raised[C]milked[D]treasured13.The discontented students by boycotting the school cafeteria.[A]rewarded[B]vindicated[C]took revenge[D]fluctuated14.Nothing could my memory of how cruelly I was treated by my step-mother.[A]run off[B]wash off[C]wipe out[D]break out15.There is no the president must approve the bill if Congress passes it.[A]chance of agreement[B]doubt[C]mistake[D]other choice16.The married couple argued incessantly and finally decided to separate because they were incompatible.[A]incomparable[B]inharmonious[C]incomplete[D]incomprehensible17.The local government itself to spending one million dollars on the new highway project.[A]consigned[B]shared[C]resolved[D]promised18.Of all the wild dogs,none is more closely related to the domesticated dog than the wolf.[A]ordinary[B]tame[C]faithful[D]hunting19.My final reason for liking Japanese food id its exotic flavor.[A]excessive[B]extreme[C]pungent[D]peculiar20.And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion,let both sides join in creating anew endeavor.[A]misdoubt[B]distrust[C]misunderstanding[D]misconductSection BDirections:In this section,there are ten incomplete sentences.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21.In India more than one hundred languages are spoken,________which only fourteen are recognized as official.[A]of[B]in [C]with [D]within22.Techniques for________sleep would involve learning to control both mind and body so that sleep can occur.[A]cultivating[B]promoting [C]pushing [D]strengthening23.It is important to________between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language.[A]determine [B]identify [C]explore[D]distinguish24.It is too early to say whether IBM’s competitors will be able to________their products to the new hardware at an affordable cost.[A]adapt [B]stick [C]yield [D]adopt25.This research has attracted wide coverage in the________and has featured on BBC television’s Tomorrow’s World.[A]data [B]source[C]message [D]media26.I had just posted the letter when I remembered that hadn’t________the cheque.[A]imposed [B]involved [C]enclosed [D]contained27.She had a tense expression on her face,________she were expecting trouble.[A]even though [B]as though[C]even as [D]now that28.They were________admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners.[A]denied [B]declined [C]deprived [D]rejected29.The beam that is________by a laser differs in several ways from the light that comes out of a flashlight.[A]emitted[B]transported [C]motivated[D]translated30.________the enormous flow of food from the entire globe,these countries have for many years not felt any population pressure.[A]Thanks to[B]By means of[C]In line with[D]With regard toPart2Section ADirections:In this section,there are ten sentences,each with one word or phrase underlined.Choose the one from the four choices marked A,B,C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11The doctors don’t expect that he will live much longer.A.articulateB.anticipateC.manifestD.monitor12I suggest we put the scheme into effect,for it is quite elastic.A.eligibleB.sustainableC.probableD.feasible13The old gentleman was a very estimable looking person,with grey hair and gold spectacles.A.respectfulB.respectedC.respectiveD.respectable14This book is expected to predominate the best-seller lists.A.promoteB.prevailC.dominateD.exemplify15That part of the city has long been ill-famed for its street violence.A.notoriousB.responsibleC.historicalD.illegal16Under the guidance of their teacher,the pupils are building a model boat impelled by steam.A.towedB.pressedC.tossedD.propelled17The famous scientist ascribed his success to hard work.A.impartedB.grantedC.attributeD.acknowledged18England’s team,who are now superbly fit,will be doing their best next week to revenge themselves for last year’s defeat.A.reviveB.retortC.retaliateD.remedy19If you want to get into that tunnel,you first have to haul away all the rocks.A.drawB.transferC.repelD.dispose20It took us only a few hours to scrape the paper off all four walls.A.shearB.scratchC.strokeD.chipSection BDirections:In this section,there are ten incomplete sentences.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21It is difficult to________of a plan to end poverty.A.speculateB.conceiveC.ponderD.reckon22Now the cheers and applauses_________in a single sustained roar.A.mingledB.concentratedC.assembledD.permeated23Improved consumer confidence is________to an economic recovery.A.crucialB.subordinateC.cumulativeD.satisfactory24Although the body is made up of many different tissues,these tissues are arranged in an______and orderly fashion.A.incredibleB.intricateC.internalD.initial25If you work under a car when repairing it,you often get very_________.A.waxyB.slipperyC.stickyD.greasy26The damage to his car was___________;therefore,he could repair it himself.A.considerableB.appreciableC.negligibleD.invisible27My sister is quite___________and plans to get an M.A.degree within one year.A.aggressiveB.enthusiasticC.considerateD.ambitious28The manager tried to wave aside these issues as_________details that would be settled later.A.versatileB.trivialC.preliminaryD.alternate29His___________was telling him that something was wrong.A.intuitionB.hypothesisC.inspirationD.sentiment30This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important__________of American life.A.fashionsB.frontiersC.facetsD.formatsPart3Section ADirections:In this section,there are ten sentences,each with one word or phrase underlined.Choose the one from the four choices marked A,B,C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence.Then mark the23.Some criminal slang is so highly developed that pickpockets,for example,can_____a conversation in frontof a victim without the person's realizing that they are discussing.A.carry onB.carry awayC.carry outD.carry off24.We were_____for an hour in the traffic and so we arrived late.A.kept offB.held upC.put backD.broken down25.Every month,Mrs.Smith_________all her bills before she pays them.A.adds intoB.adds toC.adds up toD.adds up26.She should_____those present at the meeting to arrive at a clear-cut decision.A.count upB.count againstC.count onD.count out27.The Americans_____George Washington as the father of their country.A.look up toB.think upC.regardD.look forward to28.He can't run a hundred yards,__________a mile.A.less thanB.still lessC.no lessD.less even29._____your work in case you've made any mistakes.A.Take care ofB.EnsureC.Look out forD.Check30.______,the house was a good buy.A.All things to be consideredB.All things consideringC.Considering all thingsD.All things consideredPart4Section ADirections:In this section,there are ten sentences,each with one word or phrase underlined.Choose the one from the four choices marked A,B,C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.11.Although this book claims to be a biography of George Washington,many of the incidents are imaginary.A.fascinatingB.factitiousC.fastidiousD.fictitious12.The trade fair is designed to facilitate further cooperation between Chinese auto industries and overseas auto industries.A.promoteB.protectC.preserveD.prolong13.He was concerned only with mundane matters,especially the daily stock market quotations.A.rationalB.obscureC.worldlyD.eminent14.The earthquake that occurred in India this year was a major calamity in which a great man was lost.A.casualtyB.catastropheC.catalogueD.crusade。