科技英语翻译复习重点（英译汉篇）一、词语意思翻译1.A fastener is a hardware device that mechanically joins or affixes two or more objects together.（直译法）紧固件是指将两个或多个物体通过机械方法固定在一起的硬件装置。
2.Machinery design is either to formulate an engineering plan for the satisfaction ofa specified need or to solve an engineering problem.（直译法）机械设计的目的是为满足特定需求而绘制工程图纸或解决工程问题。
3.In the1970s,integrated circuit technology and the subsequent creation of microprocessors futher decreased size and cost and further increased speed and reliability of computers.（增词法）20世纪70年代，集成电路技术的发展和后续的微处理器的发明进一步缩小了计算机的尺寸，降低了价格，同时加快了运行速度，提高了可靠性。
4.A power reactor has no need of oil,for the heat generated in the uranium pile is the result of nuclear fission,not of combustion.（增词法）原子动力反应堆不需要油，因为铀堆中所产生的热是核裂变的结果，而不是燃烧的结果。
5.The elementary mechanical components of a machine are termed machine elements.These elements consist of three basic types:structural components, mechanisms,and control components.（省略法）机器的基本机械构件称为机械零件，包括三种基本类型，即：结构构件、机械构件和控制构件。
科技英语综合复习资料Part I Vocabulary and Structure（词汇与结构）1. As parts of the world become -, millions of people will try to migrate to more _areas. BA.hospitable,uninhabitableB.Uninhabitable,hospitableC.Habitable,inhospitableD.inhospitable,uninhabitabe2. A(n) ______ is someone who is being considered for a position, for example someone who is running inan election or applying for a job. C A. astronomer B. scientist C. candidate D. researcher 3. There are scientific satellites in __________ that measure wave heights, but too few to give reliableworldwide coverage. B A. mark B. orbit C. store D. line4. The first-year courses provide short introductions to these areas, while the second-year courses__________ the areas in greater depth. BA. classifyB. investigateC. clearD. examine5. Their marriage was in danger of breaking up last year but it seems quite ______ now. DA. favorableB. criticalC. profitableD. stable6. If individuals are awakened each time as they began a dream phase of sleep, they are likely to becomeirritable even if their total amount of sleep has been ______.BA. efficientB. sufficientC. deficientD. proficient7. Linda didn’t like the work because it lacked __________; she was doing the same thing all the time. CA. anxietyB. priorityC. varietyD. society8. She wanted to ask him all about his private life, but wisely __________ herself. CA. rescuedB. heldC. restrainedD. curbed9. After he was attacked, he managed to __________ to the phone and call for help. DA. poundB. comeC. turnD. stagger10. The issue was whether or not the bacteria (细菌) in his body would __________ the local ecosystem. CA. breakB. balanceC. contaminateD. contain11. Moving to a new school can __________ a child’s education, especially between the ages of eleven andsixteen. CA. upsetB. balanceC. disruptD. disorder12. China’s news media is following world trend by marketization and __________into enterprises D.A. conversionB. translationC. transplantingD. transforming13. Up to 22 people were killed and 187 others injured in a suicide bomb attack which ______ ademonstration in a northern Iraqi city. BA. transportedB. targetedC. yieldedD. aimed14. The general secretary’s decision to inv est was a ______ mistake, resulting in a heavy loss of money. CA. firmB. privateC. costlyD. incentive15. I feel nervous about the ______ of the experiment as it determines the future of this domain. AA. outcomeB. outlookC. outputD. outline16. Once attached to the host Program, the computer viruses then look for other programs to ______.CA. affectB. effectC. infectD. perfect17. Their government always looks at problems from the financial viewpoint, and the social ______ isnever considered. CA. inspectB. prospectC. aspectD. respect18. One’s appearance does not always ______ with his quality, so don’t judge people by looks. BA. compareB. coincideC. collideD. content19. We work best in a peaceful and comfortable __________ so as to increase our productivity and relieveour exhaustion. BA. paceB. atmosphereC. rhymeD. hemisphere20. The new _________ of this dictionary has not been in use yet, but its appearance has aroused quite a lotof attention. BA. visionB. versionC. variationD. verification21. The news slowly __________ through to everyone in the office; finally everybody felt worried aboutthe uncertainty of the future. CA. meltedB. frozeC. filteredD. flowed22. We do remember your initial objections, but unfortunately you didn’t place them ______.DA. in registerB. to documentC. in betweenD. on record23. The cost may be lower than we first thought, but ______ it will still be quite substantial. BA. in no caseB. in any caseC. in case ofD. in case24. Sometimes you can _______ valuable antiques by chance – for example when you’re clearing out anold building. AA. come byB. come inC. come outD. come down25. Obviously you came here intending to _______ the United States and you will need a work visa. DA. rest withB. resort toC. render intoD. reside in26. Y ou will find how to help your child to develop good habits and how to ______ with the bad ones that can cause so much embarrassment and distress. AA. dealB. agreeC. calculateD. endeavor27. We’ve worked out a method by which our production can be raised on a large ______.BA. quantityB. scaleC. qualityD. proportion28. It is a universal ______ that man is different from all the other animals because man can communicatewith each other by means of language. CA. admissionB. permissionC. acknowledgmentD. advancement29. Due to the limited seating _____ of the hall, merely about 700 journalists were present for the pressconference. AA. capacityB. capabilityC. possibilityD. probability30. When he applied for a ______ in the office of the local newspaper he was told to see the manager. AA. positionB. locationC. professionD. career31. The island’s population initially numbered 180, but there was a gradual __________ until only 40people were left. D A. declination B. incline C. inclination D. decline32. For such a tiny woman she had a(n)______ courage to fight against two thieves. AA. incredibleB. resistantC. stapleD. massive33. One cause of the current food crisis is ______ and food prices are high in part because of the dryweather in these places. D A. flood B. cough C. rough D. drought34. Coal can be ______ into gas with the help of the modern technology. BA. yieldB. convertedC. overcameD. reverted35. Many Internet users are worried about their privacy being ______ and their secrets being revealed byonline hackers. A A. invaded B. intakenC. invented D. investigated36. The new ______ edition of this book focuses specifically on the complexities of grammatical choicesthat students need to master. DA. alteredB. convertedC. modifiedD. revised37. The poor condition of this apartment block is a danger to all its __________. BA. habitatsB. inhabitantsC. habitsD. inherits38. Enough lava had __________ from the volcano to bury the entire village. CA. disruptedB. splashedC. eruptedD. spilt39. Y ou are legally ______ to take faulty goods back to the store where you bought them. BA. devotedB. entitledC. accessedD. contributed40. Time and time again, women seem to ______ on promotion and career opportunities. BA. fall outB. lose outC. wipe outD. put out41. _______ in the office had a mistake, and the firm regretted causing the customer inconvenience. AA. SomeoneB. AnyoneC. No oneD. Everyone42. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ______ it means standing in a queue all night. CA. as ifB. providedC. even ifD. whatever43. Although Mary is satisfied with her success, she wonders ______ will happen to her private life. CA. howB. whoC. whatD. that44. If the whole program _______ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost. DA. was not plannedB. were not plannedC. would not be plannedD. had not been planned45. More and more families have moved elsewhere because they cannot ____ the noise from theneighboring airport. BA. come up withB. put up withC. catch up withD. keep up with46. Her sun-tanned face suggested that she _______ in excellent health. CA. beB. isC. wasD. were47. Ever since the Smiths moved to the suburbs a year ago, they _______ better health. CA. could have enjoyedB. had enjoyedC. have been enjoyingD. are enjoying48. This magazine is very _____ with young people, who like its content and style. BA. familiarB. popularC. similarD. Particular49. _____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. BA. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having been bittenD. To be bitten50. The morning paper ______a story about demonstrations in New Y ork and Washington D.C.. AA. carriedB. extendedC. broughtD. TookPart II Identification（判断正误）1. No sooner had they entered the room when the telephone rang. 错误2. As a graduate from high school, Tom is faced with three choices: attending college, finding a job or joining the army. 正确3. It was his nervousness in the interview which probably caused him to lose the job. 错误4. I invited Joe and Linda as well as Tom to dinner, but none of them came. 正确5. Y ou can arrive in Beijing earl ier for the meeting though you don’t mind taking the night train. 错误6. Why not stay at home now that the road is so slippery after the heavy snow？正确7. But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition. 正确8 .Those brave army soldiers would rather die with their heads high than lived with their knees bent. 错误9. It is no good try to remember grammatical rules.Y ou need to practice what you have learned. 错误10. The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year. 正确11. Equipped with modem facilities, today's hospitals are quite different from that of the past. 错误12. We solved the problem by using a computer rather than doing it all by hand. 正确13. Over the past 20 years , the internet has helped change our world in either way or anotherfor the better. 错误14. How and why this language has survived for more than a thousand years, while spoken by very few, were hard to explain. 错误15. Nearly half of Americans aged 25 take part in some form of continued education. 正确Part III W ord-filling (单词填空)1. Georgia said it would take a__ aggressive ___（咄咄逼人的）diplomatic steps to respond to the Russian action in order to defend its rights.2. In most western countries, upon reaching an a__ appropriate __（适当的）age, children are encouraged, but not forced, to ―leave the nest‖.3. Among all the voting people, the great majority agreed to __ abolish -(废除) this kind of cruelpunishment as it is against morality.4. But party spokesman, and then the new government, said that for children aged under 11 support would _ cease __（终止）at the end of primary education, while for those already in secondary education, assistance would continue until the end of schooling.5. The current trade __ deficit _（赤字）indicates a serious imbalance between our import and export trade.6. Have you considered being _ sponsored _（赞助）during your time at university? Y ou should, because many students have found it a great help not only during their time as an undergraduate but also in securing employment after graduating.7. The increasing __ unemployment _(employ) caused social unrest, therefore the government must take prompt and effective measures to resolve it.8. It took the authorities a long time to make __ identification _(identify) of the accident victims.9. I want our youngsters to follow their own skills and _ ambitions __(ambitious), and not to be confined by artificial barriers and outdated social conventions.10. Supplies may__ fluctuate _(fluctuation) according to seasonal availability but you’ll always find a wide selection.11. The __ extraction __ (extract) of mineral resources from the ground has left huge scars on the landscape.12. The inflation rate cannot be properly _ quantified ___(quantity) but the official figure is 46%.13. He is very aggressive, totally __ dominating _(dominant) everyone he works with.14. Many experts gave opinions at the meeting, but u_ ultimately __(最终地) the decision lay with the president before it was released to the public.15. He condemned the __ wastefulness _(浪费) of having everyone driving around in private cars instead of using public transport.Part IV Sentence translation（句子翻译）A. E-C Translation（英汉翻译）1. But dependency is no vice when the habit is healthful —and you don’t have to be an Olympian to benefit. 但依赖性也并非坏事，只要它是有益于健康的—你不必非是个奥运选手才能获益。
中国石油大学《科技英语》综合复习资料Part I Vocabulary and Structure（词汇与结构）1. As parts of the world become __B____, millions of people will try to migrate to more ___B___ areas.A. hospitable… uninhabitableB. uninhabitable… hospitableC. habitable… inhospitableD. inhospitable … uninhabitable2. A(n) ___C___ is someone who is being considered for a position, for example someone who is runningin an election or applying for a job.A. astronomerB. scientistC. candidateD. researcher3. There are scientific satellites in ____B______ that measure wave heights, but too few to give reliableworldwide coverage.A. markB. orbitC. storeD. line4. The first-year courses provide short introductions to these areas, while the second-year courses_____B_____ the areas in greater depth.A. classifyB. investigateC. clearD. examine5. Their marriage was in danger of breaking up last year but it seems quite __D____ now.A. favorableB. criticalC. profitableD. stable6. If individuals are awakened each time as they began a dream phase of sleep, they are likely to becomeirritable even if their total amount of sleep has been ___B___.A. efficientB. sufficientC. deficientD. proficient7. Linda didn’t like the work because it lacked ____C______; she was doing the same thing all the time.A. anxietyB. priorityC. varietyD. society8. She wanted to ask him all about his private life, but wisely _____C_____ herself.A. rescuedB. heldC. restrainedD. curbed9. After he was attacked, he managed to ____D______ to the phone and call for help.A. poundB. comeC. turnD. stagger10. The issue was whether or not the bacteria (细菌) in his body would _____C_____ the local ecosystem.A. breakB. balanceC. contaminateD. contain11. Moving to a new school can ____C______ a child’s education, especially between the ages of elevenand sixteen.A. upsetB. balanceC. disruptD. disorder12. China’s news media is following world trend by marketization and ___D_______into enterprises.A. conversionB. translationC. transplantingD. transforming13. Up to 22 people were killed and 187 others injured in a suicide bomb attack which __B____ ademonstration in a northern Iraqi city.A. transportedB. targetedC. yieldedD. aimed14. The general secretary’s decision to inv est was a __C____ mistake, resulting in a heavy loss of money.A. firmB. privateC. costlyD. incentive15. I feel nervous about the __A____ of the experiment as it determines the future of this domain.A. outcomeB. outlookC. outputD. outline16. Once attached to the host Program, the computer viruses then look for other programs to ___C___.A. affectB. effectC. infectD. perfect17. Their government always looks at problems from the financial viewpoint, and the social ___C___ isnever considered.A. inspectB. prospectC. aspectD. respect18. One’s appearance does not always __B____ with his quality, so don’t judge people by looks.A. compareB. coincideC. collideD. content19. We work best in a peaceful and comfortable ____B______ so as to increase our productivity and relieveour exhaustion.A. paceB. atmosphereC. rhymeD. hemisphere20. The new ____B_____ of this dictionary has not been in use yet, but its appearance has aroused quite alot of attention.A. visionB. versionC. variationD. verification21. The news slowly ____C______ through to everyone in the office; finally everybody felt worried aboutthe uncertainty of the future.A. meltedB. frozeC. filteredD. flowed22. We do remember your initial objections, but unfortunately you didn’t place them __D____.A. in registerB. to documentC. in betweenD. on record23. The cost may be lower than we first thought, but __B____ it will still be quite substantial.A. in no caseB. in any caseC. in case ofD. in case24. Sometimes you can __A_____ valuable antiques by chance – for example when you’re clearing out anold building.A. come byB. come inC. come outD. come down25. Obviously you came here intending to ___D____ the United States and you will need a work visa.A. rest withB. resort toC. render intoD. reside in26. The new __D____ edition of this book focuses specifically on the complexities of grammatical choicesthat students need to master.A. alteredB. convertedC. modifiedD. revised27. The poor condition of this apartment block is a danger to all its ____B______.A. habitatsB. inhabitantsC. habitsD. inherits28. Enough lava had ____C______ from the volcano to bury the entire village.A. disruptedB. splashedC. eruptedD. spilt29. You are legally ___B___ to take faulty goods back to the store where you bought them.A. devotedB. entitledC. accessedD. contributed30. Time and time again, women seem to __B____ on promotion and career opportunities.A. fall outB. lose outC. wipe outD. put out31. ___A____ in the office had a mistake, and the firm regretted causing the customer inconvenience.A. SomeoneB. AnyoneC. No oneD. Everyone32. Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert __C____ it means standing in a queue all night.A. as ifB. providedC. even ifD. whatever33. This magazine is very __B___ with young people, who like its content and style.A. familiarB. popularC. similarD. Particular34. _B____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having been bittenD. To be bitten35. The morning paper __A____a story about demonstrations in New York and Washington D.C..A. carriedB. extendedC. broughtD. tookPart II Identification（判断正误）1. No sooner had they entered the room when the telephone rang. 错2. As a graduate from high school, Tom is faced with three choices: attending college, finding a job or joining the army. 对3. It was his nervousness in the interview which probably caused him to lose the job. 错4. You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting though you don’t mind taking the night train. 错5. Why not stay at home now that the road is so slippery after the heavy snow？对6. But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English Writing Competition. 对7 .Those brave army soldiers would rather die with their heads high than lived with their knees bent. 错8. It is no good try to remember grammatical rules. You need to practice what you have learned. 错9. The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year. 对10. Over the past 20 years, the internet has helped change our world in either way or another 错for the better.Part III Word-filling (单词填空)1. Georgia said it would take a___ aggressive__（咄咄逼人的）diplomatic steps to respond to the Russian action in order to defend its rights.2. In most western countries, upon reaching an a__ appropriate__（适当的）age, children are encouraged, but not forced, to ―leave the nest‖.3. Among all the voting people, the great majority agreed to a _abolish____(废除) this kind of cruel punishment as it is against morality.4. It took the authorities a long time to make _ identification __(identify) of the accident victims.5. Supplies may_ fluctuate__(fluctuation) according to seasonal availability but you’ll always find a wide selection.6. The __ extraction__ (extract) of mineral resources from the ground has left huge scars on the landscape.7. The inflation rate cannot be properly __ quantified__(quantity) but the official figure is 46%.8. He is very aggressive, totally _ dominating__(dominant) everyone he works with.9. Many experts gave opinions at the meeting, but u_ ultimately__(最终地) the decision lay with the president before it was released to the public.10. He condemned the w_ wastefulness__(浪费) of having everyone driving around in private cars instead of using public transport.Part IV Sentence translation（句子翻译）A. E-C Translation（英汉翻译）1. But dependency is no vice when the habit is healthful —and you don’t have to be an Olympian to benefit.但依赖性也并非坏事，只要它是有益于健康的—你不必非是个奥运选手才能获益。
科技类词汇对应阅读passage1A snake﹣robot designer，a technologist，an extradimensional physicist and a journalist walk into a room.The journalist turns to the crowd and asks：Should we build houses on the ocean？Like a think﹣tank panel，members of the team dream up far﹣out answers to the crucial problem，such as self﹣driving housing units that could park on top of one another in the coastal city center.The setting is X，the enterprise which considers more than100ideas each year，in areas ranging from clean energy to artificial intelligence.Although only a tiny percentage become"projects"with far﹣reaching creativity，these projects exist，ultimately，to change the world，like Waymo，the biggest self﹣driving﹣car company.In the past60years，something strange has happened.As the academic study of creativity has thrived （蓬勃发展），the label innovation may have covered every tiny change of a soda can or a toothpaste flavor，but the rate of productivity growth has been mostly declining since the1970s.John Fernald，an economist，points out that the notable exception to the post﹣1970decline in productivity occurred when businesses throughout the economy finally figured out the breakthrough technology﹣information technology.John Fernald says，"It's possible that productivity took off，because we picked all the low﹣hanging fruit from the IT wave."Actually，the world economy continues to harvest the benefits of IT.But where will the next technology shock come from？Breakthrough technology results from two distinct activities﹣invention and innovation.Invention is typically the work of scientists and researchers in labs，while innovation is an invention put to commercial use.Seldom do the two activities occur successfully under the same roof.They tend to thrive in opposite conditions；while competition and consumer choice encourage innovation，invention has historically progressed in labs that are protected from the pressure to generate profit.Allowing well﹣funded and diverse teams to try to solve big problems is what gave us the computer and the Internet.Today，we fail to give attention to planting the seeds of this kind of ambitious research，while complaining about the harvest."Companies are really good at combining existing breakthroughs in ways that consumers like.But the breakthroughs come from patient and curious scientists，not the rush to market，"says Jon Gertner，the author of The Idea Factory."Technology is a tall tree，"John Fernald said."But planting the seeds of invention and harvesting the fruit of innovation are entirely distinct skills，often mastered by different organizations and separated by manyyears."As for me，both of them are essential for technology，although they are relatively independent.I don't think X is a planter or a harvester，actually.It is like building taller ladders.Nobody knows for sure what，if anything，the employees at such enterprises are going to find up on those ladders.But they're reaching.At least someone is.（1）What is the main purpose of the first two paragraphs？A．To present the process of group discussion.B．To illustrate X's worry about big problems.C．To reveal the importance of the crazy ideas.D．To stress the varied backgrounds of the team.（2）What can we learn from the passage？A．Breakthroughs must stand the test of the market.B．Innovation on necessities can promote productivity.C．Invention develops slowly under the pressure of profit.D．The harvest of innovation lies in some ambitious research.（3）Regarding John Fernald's view on technology，the author is.A．supportiveB．cautiousC．uncertainD．critical（4）What can be inferred about X from the passage？A．It will focus on innovation.B．It will have its outcome soon.C．It may give in to its fruitless reality.D．It may bring an encouraging outlook.【分析】这是一篇说明文。
