毕业设计（论文）
题目西安地铁枣园站基坑
开挖支护设计
专业城市地下空间工程
班级城地 081
学生张鹏飞
指导教师范留明教授
2012 年
摘要
基坑工程是指在地表以下开挖的一个地下空间及其配套的支护体系。而基坑支护就是为保证基坑开挖，基础施工的顺利进行及基坑周边环境的安全，对基坑侧壁以及周边环境采用的支挡，加固与保护措施。
基坑支护体系是临时结构，安全储备较小，具有较大风险，基坑工程具有很强的区域性。不同水文，工程地质环境条件下基坑工程的差异很大。基坑工程环境效应复杂，基坑开挖不仅要保证基坑本身的安全稳定，而且要有效的控制基坑周边地层移动以及保护周围环境。
本文先介绍了枣园站的工程概况，包括水文地质和周围环境，然后通过结合对现有基坑开挖支护工法和车站实际情况的比较选择出了适合本站的开挖支护方案。下来通过土压力的计算、结构内力的计算，配筋、验算、支撑设计、变形估算等对基坑的开挖支护作了理论上的数据分析，最后通过施工组织说明了各个工序施工的工法和应注意的问题。
关键词：支护方案，地下连续墙，支撑，施工组织设计
Abstract
Foundation Pit is the excavation of an underground space below the surface and a coordinated support system. Bracing of foundation pit is to ensure that excavation and foundation construction for the smooth and safe environment Foundation Pit and used the pit retaining wall reinforcement and protection.
Bracing of Foundation Pit structure is the structural safety of temporary reserves are smaller, more risk. Foundation pit structure has a strong regional. Excavation works under different hydrological environmental and geological conditions are vastly. Effects complex excavation, excavation pit is not only necessary to ensure their own safety，but also to effectively control the pit surrounding strata.
First，the paper introduces the general engineering situation of Zaoyuan Station，Including hydrological geology and the environment，Then，based on the existing foundation pit excavation method and station actual situation select the suitable for the station of the excavation and support scheme。And then， through the soil pressure calculation, structure calculation, reinforcement, checking, support design, deformation estimation ，then made a theoretical analysis of the data for the excavation of foundation pit supporting。Finally ， through the construction organization describes the construction process of the method and the problem which should be noted.
KEY WORDS: Supporting scheme, the Underground continuous wall, Support, Construction organization design
目录
第一章工程概况 (1)
1.1工程简介 (1)
1.2工程地质与水文地质条件 (1)
1.2.1车站工程地质层分布与特征描述 (1)
1.2.2水文地质条件 (2)
1.2.3特殊地质条件 (3)
第二章支护方案的选择与比较 (4)
2.1基坑支护的类型及其特点和适用范围 (4)
2.1.1深层搅拌水泥土围护墙 (4)
2.1.2土钉墙 (4)
2.1.3排桩支护 (5)
2.1.4槽钢钢板桩 (5)
2.1.5钻孔灌注桩 (5)
2.1.6钢板桩 (6)
2.1.7 SMW工法 (6)
2.1.8地下连续墙 (6)
2.2方案的比较及确定 (7)
2.2.1基坑的特点 (7)
2.2.2支护方案的选择 (8)
第三章土压力计算 (10)
3.1地面荷载的确定 (10)
3.2按分层土计算土压力 (10)
3.3土层力学参数平均值 (12)
第四章结构内力计算 (15)
4.1计算理论的确定 (15)
4.2结构内力计算及配筋 (15)
4.2.1土压力计算 (15)
4.2.2用等值梁法计算弯矩 (18)
4.3地下连续墙的配筋计算 (25)
4.3.1纵筋配置 (25)
4.3.2水平筋配置 (28)
