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直接引语与间接引语一、定义直接引述别人说的原话叫直接引语(Direct Speech)。
用说话人自己的话转述别人的话叫做间接引语(Indirect Speech)。
最明显的区别是有没有引号。
二、直接引语与间接引语变化规则直接引语变间接引语要遵循三部曲。
第一部：连词来引路。
1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时用that引导。
He said, “I like music very much”.He said that he liked music very much.2. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时用if 或whether引导。
She said to me, “Are you leaving tomorrow?”She asked me if / whether I was leaving the next day.注意：if和whether都可译为\"是否\"，二者引导宾语从句时通常可以互相替换，口语中多用if代替whether。
而以下几种情况中, 只能用whether:①强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有or not时。
如：Let me know whether you can come or not.②宾语从句放于句首时。
如：Whether this is true, I can't say.③用if引导有歧义时：if还可以引导条件状语从句是\"假如；如果\"之意，而whether可以引导让步状语从句，是\"不管；无论\" 之意。
当用if 引导既可以做条件状语从句用可以做让步状语从句时，用whether.He told me if he came back.他告诉我他是否来过。
另一种意思：如果他来了他就告诉我。
④在介词之后作介词的宾语时。
如：I haven\'t settled the question of whether I‟ll go back home.⑤在不定式前与不定式一起组成词组时。
直接引语和间接引语I 直接引语和间接引语概述：引述别人的话有两种方式：直接引语和间接引语。
一．直接引语：直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语。
引用直接引语时，汉语中多用冒号，而英语中多用逗号，而且把引用的别人的原话放在双引号之中，第一个字母要大写，句末标点符号放在双引号之中。
Mr Black said, "I'm busy ."二．间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。
间接引语不用引号，而多数情况下构成宾语从句。
从句中的人称，时态，时间状语，地点状语和指示代词等要做相应的变化。
Mr Black said that he was busy .（一）具体项目变化如下：(1) 人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，三不变。
即：直接引语中的第一人称随着(说话人)主语而变化，第二人称随着(听话人)宾语而变化。
第三人称不变。
He said to me ,''I've left my book in your room ."______He told me that he had left his book in my room .(2) 指示代词的变化：this____that these_______those(3) 动词的变化come_____goshall / should______should will /would_____wouldcan /could_____could may /might_____mightmust_____must(4)时间状语和地点状语的变化now____then ago______before/earliertoday____that day tonight_______that nightyesterday_______the day beforetomorrow______the next /following daythe day after tomorrow ______in two days' timelast week /month /year______the next week /month /yearhere______there（5）时态的变化(1) 当主句的谓语动词是现在时态时：直接引语变为间接引语时，如果主句的谓语动词是现在时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），那么在从句中，也就是在间接引语中，时态不变。
英语直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语（Direct Speech and indirect Speech) 1直接引语：直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。
间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。
直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。
例如：Mr Black said, “I'm busy” XXX先生说：“我很忙”（直接引语）Mr Black said that he was XXX.XXX先生说他很忙。
（间接引语）1、直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。
在这一方面，汉语和英语有许多相似之处，因此，在做直接引语和间接引语转换练时，要特别注意句子的意义。
1）人称的变化a)He said, “I like it very much.”他说：“我非常喜欢它。
”He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。
b) He saidto me, “I've left my book in your room.” 他对我说：“我把书放在你的房间里了。
”He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了。
2）时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。
如主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。
时态的变化例句直接引语间接引语一般现在时→一般过去时He said, “I'm afraid I XXX work.”He said that he was XXX.现在进行时→过去进行时He said, “I'm using XXX.”He said that he was using the knife.现在完成时→过去完成时She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”She said that she had not heard from him since May.一般曩昔时→曩昔完成He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me.过去完成时不变He said, “I had XXX”He said that he had finished his homework before supper.3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化：变革例句直接引语间接引语this-that这个-那个She said, “Iwill come this morning."She said that she would go that morning.these-those这些=那些He said, "XXX."He said that those books were his.now-then现在-那时He said, "It is nine 0'clock now."He said that it was nine 0'clock then.today-that day本日-那天He said, "I haven't seen her today."XXX.XXX-the day before今天-前一天she said, "I went there XXX."She said that she had gone there the day before.tomorrow-the next(following) day明天-第二天she said, "I'll go there tomorrow."She said that she would go there the next (following) day.here-there这里-那里come-go来-去注：（1）直接引语如果是客观谬误，变成直接引语时，时态稳定。
直接引语和间接引语（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。
间接引语一般构成宾语从句。
直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。
直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。
1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。
例如：Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。
如：She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been.He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his.（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。
1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。
“I want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要兰色的。
” 他说。
→He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要兰色的。
She sa id to me, “You can’t do anything now.” 她对我说：“此刻你无法做任何事情。
”→She told me that I couldn’t do anything then.她对我说那时我无法做任何事。
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文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如总结报告、演讲发言、策划方案、合同协议、心得体会、计划规划、应急预案、教学资料、作文大全、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as summary reports, speeches, planning plans, contract agreements, insights, planning, emergency plans, teaching materials, essay summaries, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please pay attention!直接引语和间接引语【3篇】直接引语和间接引语篇一1.直接引语直接引用别人的原话叫做直接引语，直接引语通常置于引号内（“引用原话”）。
直接引语和间接引语1．直接引语和间接引语概述：（一）直接引语和的定义：直接引用人家的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语。
用自己的话把他人的原话表达出来，被转述的部分称为间接引语。
例如：He said：“I am going to see a football match.”（直接引语）He said that he was going to see a football match. （间接引语）（二）直接引语的构成：①直接引语要用引号与句子的其他部分分开。
②直接引语对于原话不做任何变动，保持原来的句型结构，人称，时态和标点符号等。
③直接引语没有时态呼应的问题，不需要和句子的谓语动词保持一致。
（三）间接引语的构成：①间接引语的基础是直接引语，直接引语转化为间接引语有以下原则：1 去掉冒号和引号，用从属连词将间接引语和主句相连，构成一个主从复合句。
2 人称要做相应的调整。
3 时态调整时要注意时态的呼应。
2．直接引语转化为间接引语：①当直接引语主句的谓语动词是过去时时，其后面间接引语中的谓语动词都应该是过去时。
例如：She said：“I will go swimming tomorrow.”She said that she would go swimming the next day.Tom told me：“I went to Beijing last month.”Tom told me that he had gone to Beijing.Jack told me：“I have waited for you for a long time.”Jack told me that he had waited for me for a long time.②当句子的谓语动词是现在时时，间接引语的动词时态保持不变。
例如：He says：“I want to study English.”He says that he wants to study English.③如果直接引语说的是一般真理或是永恒的事实，在变为间接引语时，仍然保持原来的时态。
直接引语和间接引语Name ____________ No._________一、直接引语：直接引用别人的原话。
具有以下特点：①直接引语通常置于引号内，不作任何改动。
②没有时态呼应的问题。
③引用原话前可以用逗号“，”，也可以用冒号“：”。
④第二个引号前，亦即用重述的话之末，按其类别放一个句号（.）或问号（?）等。
二、间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的意思，或引用自己说过的话。
间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。
间接引语具有以下特点：①不要逗号，冒号，引号。
②要考虑人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一样的）。
③要考虑时态的变化。
④要考虑时间状语的变化，地点状语的变化和指示代词的变化。
三、直接引语与间接引语的转换。
（见附表）㈠转述陈述句或感叹句，去冒号和引号连词用that （that，无词意,不作成分,口语中可省)）接宾语从句，，从句中要作人称、时态等相应的变化（时态为“主现从实，主过从相过”；人称/物主/反身等代词：引号内的第一人称改为与主句的主语相同的人称；第二人称改为第一人称；第三人称不变。
）。
例如："You speak English very well." She said.她说，“你英语讲得不错”。
She said that I spoke English very well.她说我英语讲得不错。
练习：①Miss Jiang says,"I am your teacher."②Mr Chen says,“I teach you English.”③Miss Jiang says,"I am writing."④Mr Chen says,"I will go to Chengdu."⑤Miss Jiang says,"I was watching TV at that time."⑥Mr Chen says,"I have worked here for ten years."⑦Miss Jiang said,"I am your teacher".⑧Mr Chen said,"I am writing."⑨Miss Jiang said,“I teach you English.”⑩Mr Chen said,"I will go to Chengdu."㈡转述一般疑问句，去冒号和引号。
直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语是我们在日常交流和写作中经常使用的表达方式。
它们可以用于引用他人说过的话或表达他人的观点。
本文将从直接引语和间接引语的定义、用法、格式以及示例等方面进行探讨。
一、直接引语的定义和用法直接引语是直接将别人所说的话原封不动地引用出来。
它使用在双引号内，并保留原话的语言、说话者、时间以及语气等细节。
直接引语常用于报道、采访、对话等情境下。
直接引语的使用可以起到以下几个作用：1. 引证权威观点：通过引用权威人士的话语来支撑自己的论点，增强说服力。
2. 描绘情境：通过重述对话来展示人物性格、剧情发展或者交流背景等。
3. 引发思考：引用有趣、独特或争议性言论，引起读者的兴趣和思考。
二、直接引语的格式和示例在文章中使用直接引语需要遵守一定的格式，包括引号的使用、标点符号的位置和引用的来源注明等。
以下是直接引语的一些示例：1. 用于引证权威观点：据专家John Smith的观点，他指出：“生活中没有什么比读书更重要的了。
”2. 描绘情境：小明开心地喊道：“终于放假了，我们可以一起去海边玩了。
”3. 引发思考：一位作家曾经说过：“真正的教育是培养学生的创造力和独立思考能力。
”三、间接引语的定义和用法间接引语是将别人说过的话或表达的观点进行转述和扩展，而非原封不动地引用。
它通常用于报道、评论、总结等情境下，并不需要使用引号。
间接引语的使用可以起到以下几个作用：1. 简化表达：将原话进行概括或简化，提炼出关键信息，以便更好地传达给读者。
2. 科普知识：将专业领域的观点或研究成果以浅显易懂的方式转述，普及知识。
3. 加强解释：在引述别人观点的同时，加入自己的解释和理解，使读者更易理解。
四、间接引语的格式和示例在文章中使用间接引语同样需要遵守一定的格式，包括标点符号的位置和引用来源的注明等。
以下是间接引语的一些示例：1. 简化表达：他告诉我，他感到非常高兴因为放假了。
2. 科普知识：根据研究，多喝水对保持身体健康非常重要。
直接引语和间接引语一、直接引语直接引语就是直接引用别人的原话，并在原话前后加引号；间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话，多数以宾语从句的形式构成，不加引号而多用连词that引导宾语从句。
直接引语变为间接引语需要有人称和物主代词的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化以及时间和地点状语的变化。
1人称的变化主语为第一人称时，转变为间接引语之后，人称要作相应的调整。
例如：She said：“I am tired.”她说：“我累了。
”She said that she was tired.她说她累了。
The headmaster said to us：“You must study hard now.”The headmaster told us that we had to study hard then.2 时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致。
其规律一般是：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时；一般过去时过去完成时；一般将来时过去将来时；现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时；过去完成时不变；She said：“I am your mother's friend.””→She said that she was my mother's friend.她说她是我妈妈的朋友。
(一般现在时变为一般过去时)Susan said to her mother：“I am reading this book.”→Susan told her mother that she was reading that book.苏姗告诉她母亲她正在看那本书。
(现在进行时变为过去进行时)He said：“We have built up the bridge across the river here.”→He said that they had built up that bridge across the river there .他说他们已经在那里建成了横跨那条河上的大桥。
引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。
直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“ ”标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语，实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句（其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外，其转换后是不定式）。
那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句，转换为间接引语时，句子的结构，人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化，如何变化呢?1、人称的转变1）直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：He said，“I am very sorry.” ——>He said that he was very sorry.2）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：“You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.——>My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。
如：She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight.” ——>She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine thi s afternoon?” ——>He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。
学生在将直接引语变间接引语时。
常常弄不清人称变化。
下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。
二随宾，第三人称不更新”。
“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。
从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。
或被第二人你所修饰。
从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。
如果引号外的主句没有宾语。
也可以用第一人称，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was th en。
“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。
如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith said。
"Jack is a good worker。
"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。
2、时态的转换直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时例如：“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. ——>She said she was very glad to visit our school.Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.” ——>Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?” ——> Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?”——>He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.“Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked. ——>The teacher asked why she had refused to go there.Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?” ——>Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday.” ——>Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before.He said，“I haven't heard from my parents these days.” ——>He said that he hadn't heard from his parents those days.3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，如：He always says, “I am tired out.” ——>He always says that he is tired out.2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：He will say, “I’ll try my best to help you.” ——>He will say that he will try his b est to help me.3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如：He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——>He told us that he went to college in 1 994.4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” ——>He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school.5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” ——>Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如：He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——>He said that practice makes perfect.7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, m ust, ought to, used to, need时，如：例如：The doctor said, “You'd better drink plenty of water.” ——>The doctor said I'd better drink plenty of water.He said, “She must be a teacher.”——> He said that she must be a teacher.He said, “She ought to have arrived her office by now.”——>He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then.The teacher said, “You needn't hand in your compositions today.”——>The teacher said we needn't/didn't need to/didn't have to hand in our compositions.She asked, “Must I take the medicine?”——> She asked if she had to take the med icine.〔注〕：此处用had to代替must更好8）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为th ere, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。
如：Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon.Student : What did the teacher say, Monitor?Monitor: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon.4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化1）时间状语：直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语now （then）；tomorrow （the next / following day ）today (that day）；next week （the next / following week / month / year）yesterday（the day before）two days ago（two days before ）last week /month/ year (the week/month/ year before) this week/month/year (that wee k/month/ year)2）指示代词：these 变成those3）地点状语：here变成thereShe said, “I won't come here any more.”——> She said that she woul dn’t go there any more..4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take5、直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化1）陈述句。
