过去分词作宾补用法归纳
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高中英语学习资料madeofjingetieji3.过去分词作宾语补足语可以接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下两类:A) 表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如 :see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think 等.I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌She found the door closed.B)表示 "致使 "意义的动词 .如 :have, make, get, keep, leave 等比方:He’ s going to have his hair cut.I must get my bike repaired.He was trying to make himself understood.注意:使役动词have 接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.1.过去分词所表示的动作由别人完成 . (1) He had his money stolen. 他的钱给偷了 .( 被别人偷去了 )2.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历 .如 : (2) He had his leg broken. 他的腿断了 . ( 自己的经历 )4.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语 ,此时应注意人称一致,即二者是被动关系。
这跟现在分词作状语正好相反。
表示被动的和完成的动作修饰谓语,说明动作发生的背景或情况。
如:Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语I ,即 I 被再给一个小时.)Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮 .(seen 为过去分词作状语 ,表 " 被看 ",由语境可知 ,它的逻辑主语必定是城市 ,而不是 " 我们 ", 因为" 我们 " 应主动看城市 .)A)作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句。
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语过去分词在英语语法中有着多种用法,其中最常见的方式之一是作为定语和宾语补足语。
本文将详细介绍过去分词在这两个语法角色中的具体应用和特点。
一、过去分词作为定语1. 定义:过去分词作为定语时,用来修饰名词或代词,给出该名词或代词所具备的状态或特征。
2. 形式:过去分词通常由动词的过去分词形式构成,加上适当的前置修饰词,如冠词、指示代词等。
a) A broken cup (一个破碗) - 这里的broken修饰名词cup,表示它的状态是破碎的。
b) The stolen necklace (那条被偷的项链) - 这里的stolen 修饰名词necklace,表示它已经被偷。
a) 过去分词作为定语时,通常放在名词前面。
b) 过去分词作为定语时,与所修饰的名词之间一般是被动或完成的关系。
c) 过去分词作为定语时,可以用来修饰人、物、地点等。
二、过去分词作为宾语补足语1. 定义:过去分词作为宾语补足语时,用来补充说明或修饰及物动词的宾语,指出宾语所具备的状态或经历的动作。
2. 形式:过去分词作为宾语补足语时,通常跟随及物动词或使役动词一起使用。
a) He made me cry (他让我哭了) - 这里的cry作为宾语补足语,说明了宾语me所经历的状态是哭泣。
b) They found the door locked (他们发现门被锁了) - 这里的locked作为宾语补足语,说明了宾语the door的状态是被锁上的。
a) 过去分词作为宾语补足语时,常常与及物动词或使役动词一起构成宾语补足结构。
b) 过去分词作为宾语补足语时,说明了宾语所经历的动作、状态或具备的特征。
本文详细介绍了过去分词作为定语和宾语补足语的用法和特点。
过去分词作为定语时,用来修饰名词或代词,并表示其状态或特征;过去分词作为宾语补足语时,用来补充说明及物动词的宾语的状态或经历的动作。
熟练掌握过去分词的这两种用法,可以帮助我们更准确地表达和理解英语句子的含义。
过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语,表示被动的、完成的动作,宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
【归纳】可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的(短语)动词有:1. watch, see, observe, look at, hear, listen to, find, notice等感官动词。
如:I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.2. make, get, have, keep, leave等使役动词。
如:My mother has her hair cut every two months.We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock.The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词。
如:All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting.The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible.【拓展】★介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语,构成with复合结构。
如:With more flowers planted, the garden looks very beautiful.★动词⁃ing形式、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别:动词⁃ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语,宾语是其动作的执行者。
动词⁃ing形式强调动作的正在进行或延续性,不定式强调动作的全过程。
过去分词作宾语补足语,通常宾语是其动作的承受者,多强调动作的完成。
“过去分词”之作定语、表语、宾补[讲一讲]一、过去分词作定语时,常指已完成的动作且与所修饰词之间为被动关系。
一般来说,如果是单个的过去分词,则放在所修饰词前,若是一个过去分词短语,则放在所修饰词后。
二、过去分词作表语时,往往表示一种状态,而被动语态则表示一个动作。
三、过去分词作宾语补足语时,表示被动或完成,作宾补的过去分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
常见的可以接过去分词作宾补的动词有感官动词,使役动词以及leave, keep, want等。
另外,在with的复合结构中,也可以接过去分词。
如:With his homework finished, Peter went out to play football. 功课做完后,彼得出去踢足球了。
过去分词作宾补的特殊用法:have / get sth. done结构的三种意义:1. 使得某事被做(自己做);2. 让/请别人做某事;3. 遭遇某种情况。
如:Look at your dirty clothes; you’d better get them washed.瞧你那脏衣服,你最好去洗洗。
(自己洗)I will have my long hair cut short tomorrow.我明天要去把我的长头发剪短。
(别人剪)I had my purse stolen on the bus.在公交车上,我的钱包让人给偷了。
(遭遇某种情况)[练一练]I. 翻译下列词组或句子。
1. 一个满意的微笑2. 惊恐的一瞥3. 一副惊讶的表情4. 你应该设法让人听懂你的话。
5. 他在百货大楼让人修好了电视机。
6. 我想让此事立刻得到解决。
II. 下面的补语都应该用过去分词来充当吗?请试试看!1. I’ll have my photo ______ (take) tomorrow.2. I want him ______ (finish) the homework in time.3. With his cell phone ______ (steal), the customer wanted to see the manager.4. The end of the story left me ______ (puzzle).5. I turned around because I heard someone ______ (speak) my hometown dialect. III. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
过去分词作宾补用法归纳英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。
做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
如:She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。
) 一.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。
Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语:少说多看)Don't leave such an important thing undone.Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.二.过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。
1.注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"eg: I have had my bike repaired.The villagers had many trees planted just then.B)表"遭遇到某种不幸,受到打击/受....影响,蒙受..... 损失"Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.The old man had his leg broken in the accident.He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。
如:They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.I raised my voice to make myself heard.三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。
过去分词作宾补一. 过去分词作宾补, 表示动作已经完成或结束. 能用作宾补的过去分词一般都是vt , 表示被动意义或已完成的意义, 有时两者兼之, 作宾补的过去分词与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系, 即宾语是过去分词动作的对象.eg. After walking up , I found everyone gone .The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard.They found their new bikes stolen.二.需要过去分词作宾补的情况:1. 使役动词 get ,have , keep , leave 等后,可用过去分词作宾补,“致使某人或某事被……” eg. We should keep them informed of what is going on here.Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s .I had my record repaired.2. 感官动词feel ,find , hear, notice, see, watch 等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后,表“感受到某人或某事被做”。
eg. I was sleeping when I heard my name called .She found his room cleaned.I saw him bitten by a dog.Fill in the blank .I heard someone _____________ me .I heard my name ______________.I found Tom __________ the window.I found the window___________.3. 表示“意欲,命令”的动词如:like , order , want , wish , 相当于过去分词短语前省略了 to be, 表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”。
高二英语必修语法知识点:过去分词作宾补作者为大家整理的高二英语必修语法知识点:过去分词作宾补文章,供大家学习参考!更多最新信息请点击高二考试网英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一样是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。
做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
如:She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。
)一. 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。
Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语:少说多看) Don't leave such an important thing undone.Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.二.过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。
1.注意“h ave +宾语+过去分词”的两种情形:A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"eg: I have had my bike repaired.The villagers had many trees planted just then.B)表"遭遭到某种不幸,遭到打击/受....影响,蒙受..... 缺失"Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.The old man had his leg broken in the accident.He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。
过去分词作宾补用法归纳英语中过去分词可作宾补,(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义,有时两者兼而有之。
做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
如:She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系,表一种状态。
) 一.过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。
Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语:少说多看)Don't leave such an important thing undone.Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.二.过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。
1.注意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况:A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做"eg: I have had my bike repaired.The villagers had many trees planted just then.B)表"遭遇到某种不幸,受到打击/受....影响,蒙受..... 损失"Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.The old man had his leg broken in the accident.He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中,过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。
如:They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.I raised my voice to make myself heard.三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。
如When we got to school,we saw the door locked.We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.He felt himself cheated.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET2000)四、过去分词用在want,wish,like ,expect等表示“希望,愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。
如The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.I would like my house painted white.I want the suit made to his own measure.I wish the problem settled.五、过去分词用在“with +宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
如:The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building ,his house looks like a beautiful garden.With everything well arranged,he left the office.六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
现在分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。
其动作与谓语动作同时进行。
过去分词作宾补:宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。
其动作先于谓语动作。
不定式作宾补:表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。
eg:He didn't notice me waiting.I heard the song sung in English.I saw him opening the window.I saw the window opened.I saw him open the window.I heard her sing the song in English.专项训练1:1.___ poor at English, I'm afraid I can't make myself ___.A.To be;understandB.I'm ;to understandC.Being ;understandingD.Being;understood2.I have had my bike ___ ,and I'm going to have somebody ___ my radio tomorrow.A.repair;to repairB.repairing;to be repairedC.repaired;repairD.to repair;repairing3.Y ou must get the work ___ before Friday.A.doB.to doC.doingD.done4.___ the room,the nurse found the tape-recorder ___.A.Entering;stealingB.Entering;goneC.To have entered; being stolenD.Having entered;to be stolen5.We are pleased to see the problem ___ so quickly.A.settledB.having been settledC.be settledD.settling6.Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.(上海1999)A.itB.it repairedC.repairedD.to be repaired7.It is wise to have some money ___ for old age.(NMET1996)A.put awayB.keep upC.give awayid up (put away 放好, 储存...备用, 处理掉, 放弃, 抛弃)8.I don't want the children ___ out in such weather.A.takeB.to takeC.takenD.taking9.I'm afraid that I can't make myself ___ be cause of my poor English.A.understandB.understandingC.to understandD.understood10.The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.A.being tiedB.having tiedC.to be tiedD.tied (表动作完成)专项训练2:1.We found her greatly ___.A.improvingB.changedC.to helpD.having disturbed2.Jane got her bad tooth ___ at the dentist's.A.to put inB.pulled outC.pushed outD.drawing out3.When ____ ,the museum will be open to the public next year.(上海2002)pletedpletingC.being completedD.to be completed4.With a lot of difficulties ___ ,they went to the seashore and had a good rest.A.settledB.settlingC.to settleD.being settled5.The research is so designed that once ___ nothing can be done to change it.(NMET2002)A.beginsB.having begunC.beginningD.begun( once begun 在句中作状语,begin为及物动词:“着手”)6.___ ,they went home,___.A.Their work had been finished;singing and laughingB.They had finished their work;sang and laughedC.Their work finished ;singing and laughingD.after their work finished;singing and laughing7.Before he came to London,he had never heard a single English word ___A.speakingB.speakC.spokenD.to speak8.____ more attention,the trees could have grown better.A.GivenB.To giveC.GivingD.Having given9.___ from space,the earth with water ___70%of its surface looks like a "blue blanket".A.Seen ;coveredB.Being seen;coversC.Seeing;coveringD.Seen;covering10.____,the experiment will be successful.A.If carefully doingB.If it done carefullyC.If carefully doneD.If doing carefully11.The girl wrote a composition without ___.A.askB.askingC.being askedD.to be asked12.He finished his homework and then went on ___me.A.helpingB.with helpC.with helpingD.to help13.___where to go ,he asked a policeman.A.Having lost his way and not knowingB.Losing his way and didn't knowC.Having lost his way and didn't knowD.Lost his way and didn't know14.____ her friend was badly hurt,she burst into tears.A.HearingB.Having heardC.To hearD.Heard15.____ his team had won, his face lit up at once.A.KnowingB.When knowingC.After knowingD.When he knew专项训练3:1.They hurried back home only to find their house ___ into.A.breakB.to breakC.brokenD.breaking2.When he came to,he found himself ___ on a chair, with his hands ___ back.A.to sit;tiedB.sitting;tyingC.sat;tiedD.sitting;tied3.We do not feel ___ to enter modern buildings;everything about them seems unfriendly.A.invitedB.invitingC.to inviteD.to be invited(feel后加形容词,此处的invited 表主语we 的感受)4.I'm going to have my letters ____ tomorrow if I've got them ready by then.A.to typeB.typeC.typedD.typing5.Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty ___ in art and literature.A.expressedB.to expressC.being expressedD.to be expressed答案:专项训练1:1-10 DCDBA CACDD专项训练2::1-15 BBAAD DDADC CDDAD专项训练3::1-5 CDACA。