考研英语阅读经典试题及答案(10)

2010年考研英语真题及答案真题部分：Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Is Feeling the Real Skill?A fundamental difference between our brain and a computer is the size of our working memory. Working memory holds the 1_______ (1) we need to think and make sense of the world. A bit like the whiteboard we have2_______ (2) school, it's where we do our mental 3_______ (3). But crucially, our working memory has a severely limited capacity: it can hold only four items at 4_______ (4). By contrast, the long-term memory at our fingertips via Google is 5_______ (5).The notion that 6_______ (6) it is to "download information" nowadays ruins the cerebral fun. After 7_______ (7) we have four items in our working memory or fewer, the space is 8_______ (8) for daydreams, fantasies and emotion. An obsession with 9_______ (9) multitudes of facts and figures challenges our brain's ability to learn, as well as how much it can deal 10_______ (10) partly because it's usually uninteresting despite the onslaught 11_______ (11) compelling facts.In addition, 12_______ (12) heavy reliance on technology is forcing radical changes to a century-old system of 13_______ (13) that may notwork properly. We will need to teach people differently if heavy use of Google is 14_______ (14) our mental approach. A good lesson for education is to ensure learners are curious and engaged and to 15_______ (15) the chance for them to find answers.0. A. notion B. information C. imagination D. fiction1. A. aspect B. measure C. truth D. thought2. A. left on B. bought from C. written on D. brought up3. A. show B. work C. process D. effect4. A. once B. yet C. even D. instead5. A. bare B. limited C. vast D. everlasting6. A. easy B. common C. difficult D. ironic7. A. occasional B. occasionally C. occasion D. occasions8. A. left B. driven C. taken D. given9. A. learning B. memorizing C. forgetting D. sharing10. A. of B. into C. with D. for11. A. at B. on C. of D. for12. A. this B. that C. a D. an13. A. marking B. studying C. examination D. assessment14. A. to change B. changing C. to have changed D. to be changing15. A. limit B. take C. keep D. set参考答案：0. A 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A5. C6. C7. D8. A9. B10. A 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. B15. CSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1There are two classic neurological accounts of how you recognize your home. One says you look for a particular place surrounded by a globally unique set of buildings in an overall configuraTION that is familiar. The other says you come in by one of the roads that lead up to your front door. Each theory is about equally correct, which necessarily means each is about equally wrong—for reasons we shall come to.Then after you park—it’s only now that you feel you have really come home. You open the front door. And you step in. There is no flash of lightning, no sudden, overpowering sensation that says “this is home, I definitely know that…”—in fact, the sensation is so weak and unremarkablethat it would not even pass most psychologists’ test for “awareNESS”. Your sense of you and your sense of home come together in the end, we suggest, only by good organization of the interaction of several different areas of the brain.The particular way the familiar street geometry fits together around your home may indeed form a key part of the representation of home place in your brain. But surely this information reaches your brain only after the composition and layout of the buildings have been spatially coded by the areas that subserve perception of shape, tracings and layout? Then again, how could you, even in principle, perceive the streets around your home layout and location, without the functioning of your long-term memory and your personality-mood-system?And in what format does this memory of place exist? It obviously includes the ability to recognize and recall particular street sequences, but does it also include the ability to monitor your speed and keep track of how far you have moved through the world?What, for example, is the home place in the reference frame of the dynamic optic flow that you see as you walk or drive on the streets around your house? It would surely be an absurd proposition to suggest that the mathematical model of the optic flow should be used to retain and recall your memory of place?Our point, then, is that we expect both theories of landmark recognition to be correct and at the same time not to be correct. Home is a bit like pornography: a marriage of Flemish property porn, soft pornography ofbuildings and space, of streets as well as buildings, and some hardporn that comes in from the optic flow of moving around.16. The author argues that both neurological accounts of recognition of home are equally wrong because _______.A. their approaches are globally uniqueB. they are based on the same kind of reasoningC. all psychologists agree that they are unreliableD. each only focuses on one piece of the puzzle17. The author suggests that the sense of being at home is not immediately recognizable because _______.A. it is not a true awarenessB. people have difficulty organizing their interactionsC. it involves the activation of several brain areasD. it is not supported by psychologists' tests18. According to the text, how do people recognize the familiar geometry of the streets around their home?A. By perceiving their relationship to the house firstB. By tracking their speed as they move along the streetsC. By recalling the layout of the buildings in the areaD. By monitoring their long-term memory and mood19. The author suggests that the memory of place is not limited to recalling street sequences but also involves _______.A. recognition of the optic flowB. frequent monitoring of locationC. understanding of mathematical modelsD. perception of shape and layout20. The final sentence of the text suggests that the memory of home consists of _______.A. a collection of buildings and streetsB. a mixture of visual and emotional experiencesC. a series of mathematical and spatial equationsD. a combination of different neurological approaches参考答案：16. D 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. BPart BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 21-25, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The Coming Golden AgeEconomic forecasting is a mug's game．But if the next ten years are like the 1990s or the 1950s，even the most cautious fund manager will need to position themselves furiously for the coming golden age.Between 1948-73 the world economy grew at an underlying rate of 4% a year；trade grew at twice that rate．The sheer amounts of people being conned into borrowing huge amounts of money set the scene for a financial crisis．But the reaction to the recession has set the stage for the coming boom．The acceleration of globalization over the past 18 months strongly suggests that the persistent trends of the past 30 years will carry on．Oil and commodities aside，the prices of goods have been falling ever since Richard Nixon ended the gold standard in 1971．The Internet boom of the late 1990s helped damp down inflation still further．We are thus in a world economy where the 7 billionth consumer is about to join our club in China．And the 8 billionth consumer is 30-40 years away，in Africa．China and India have absorbed at least 300 million people intothe market–oriented economy over the past 20 years．China and India are going to surprise on the upside，for years．Efficiency gains and per capita income growth in these two countries will emerge as the two big drivers of the world economy．So why do investors think high productivity and low inflation are bad news for shares? We think the productive use of facilities and labourtranslates into high profits．If 4% trend growth is back，say hello to profit margins around the world at least 20% higher in the next decade than in the previous one．The coming golden age is going to be very good indeed for profits．21．However A．The accelerating trend of globalization22．Furthermore B．Per capita income in Asian emerging markets 23．Meanwhile C．The current low inflation environment24．Moreover D．Efficiency gains in the global economy25．Thus E．The rising affluence of consumers in emerging markets参考答案：21. D 22. B 23. E 24. A 25. CSection III TranslationPart ADirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The presence of carefully selected plants inside malls, workplaces, and other buildings where people spend a lot of time can help create healthier, more pleasant environments. This is not just an aesthetic judgment; the effect has been proven in numerous studies. For example, in a Seattle office building, workers with a view of trees took fewer sick days and made fewer errors in their work than those without such a view. Other studies in hospitals and workplaces have found plants have similar effects, including enabling people to recover more quickly from surgery, improve concentration, and reduce stress.参考答案：商场、工作场所和其他人们长时间待在的建筑物内安置精心选取的植物可以帮助营造更健康、更愉悦的环境。

考研英语试题含解答共10题阅读理解Passage 1:Many people believe that money is the key to happiness. However, research has shown that this is not necessarily true. While money can provide a certain level of comfort and security, it does not guarantee happiness. In fact, studies have found that once a person's basic needs are met, additional wealth does not lead to a significant increase in happiness. Other factors, such as relationships, personal fulfillment, and a sense of purpose, play a much larger role in determining one's overall happiness.Question 1: What does research suggest about the relationship between money and happiness?A) Money is the most important factor for happiness.B) Money guarantees happiness in all situations.C) Additional wealth beyond basic needs does not greatly impact happiness.D) Relationships and personal fulfillment are unrelated to happiness.Answer: C) Additional wealth beyond basic needs does not greatly impact happiness.解析：文章讲述了关于金钱和幸福之间关系的研究。

Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define ‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.’”Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classical-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enj oy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that __________.[A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.[B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.[C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.[D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War II were characterized by __________.[A] free themes.[B] casual style.[C] elaborate layout. [D] radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on?[A] It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.[C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.[D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.[C] His style caters largely to modern specialists.[D] His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism[D] Prominent Critics in MemoryOver the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods. Amazon com received one for its “one-click” online payment system Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lying a box.Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale hack on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known, is “a very big deal,”says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive pints to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual o rder stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider” its state street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuit’s action comes in t he wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme. Count that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are “reaction to the anti-patent trend at the supreme court” says Harol d C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at Washington University Law School.26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of __________.[A] their limited value to business[B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting[D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions[B] It involves a very big business transaction[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.28. The word “about-face” (Line 1, Para 3) most probably means __________.[A] loss of good will [B] increase of hostility[C] change of attitude[D] enhancement of disunity29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents __________.[A] are immune to legal challenges[B] are often unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders[D] increase the incidence of risks30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A] A looming threat to business-method patents[B] Protection for business-method patent holders[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing tread against business-method patentsIn his book The Tipping Point Malcolm Aladuell argues that “social epidemics” are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested theory called the “two-step flow of communication”：Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends.In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don’t seem to be required at all.The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey — whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence — even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example, the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. They found that the principal requirement for what is called “global cascades”— the widespread propagation of influence through networks — is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people.31. By citing the book The Tipping Point the author intends to __________.[A] analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B] discuss influentials’ function in spreading ideas[C] exemplify people’s intuitive response to social epidemics[D] describe the essential characteristics of influentials32. The author suggests that the “two-step-flow theory” __________.[A] serves as a solution to marketing problems[B] has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C] has won support from influentials[D] requires solid evidence for its validity33. What the researchers have observed recently shows that __________.[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D] most celebritiea enjoy wide media attention34. The underlined phrase “these people” in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who __________.[A] stay outside the network of social influence [B] have little contact with the source of influence[C] are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35. What is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A] The eagerness to be accepted [B] The impulse to influence others[C] The readiness to be influenced [D] The inclination to rely on othersBankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it’s just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately, banks’ lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult. After a bruising encounter with Congress, America’s Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long0term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB’s chairman, cried out against those who “question our motives.” Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group poli tely calls “the use of judgment by management.”European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did “not live in a political vacuum” but“in the real wor l d” and the Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they Largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be kn own for years. But bank’s shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America’s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36. Bankers complained that they were forced to __________.[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B] collect payments from third parties[C] cooperate with the price managers[D] reevaluate some of their assets37. According to the author, the rule changes of the FASB may result in __________.[A] the diminishing role of management[B] the revival of the banking system[C] the bank’s long-term asset losses[D] the weakening of its independence38. According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB’s att empt to __________.[A] keep away from political influences[B] evade the pressure from their peers[C] act on their own in rule-setting[D] take gradual measures in reform39. The author thinks the banks were “on the wrong planet” in that they __________.[A] misinterpreted market price indicators[B] exaggerated the real value of their assets[C] neglected the likely existence of bad debts[D] denied booking losses in their sale of assets40. The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of __________.[A] satisfaction [B] skepticism [C] objectiveness [D] sympathy。

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1。

(10 points）。

In 1924 America’s National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone—parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago。

It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lighting____1____ workers’productivity。

Instead, the studies ended ____2____ giving their name to the ”Hawthorne effect"，the extremely influential idea that the very to being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior。

The idea arose because of the ____4____ behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to ____5____ of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased，but also when it was dimmed。

考研英语历年英语阅读真题及答案考研英语阅读是考试中的重要部分，通过阅读理解题目，考生可以提升英语语言能力和考试答题能力。

下面将为大家整理一些历年考研英语阅读真题及答案，供各位考生参考。

一、真题一阅读理解题目：Passage 1Questions 1-3 are based on the following passage.Vasily Grossman, a journalist and writer, was recognized only belatedly in the Soviet Union. But by the time of his death in 1964 his works could no longer be ignored or suppressed completely.Grossman was born in a Jewish family in 1905 in Berdichev (Ukraine) and after training for a career in civil engineering became a writer and journalist, first in Ukraine, then in Moscow. His first literary success was a volume of short stories (1934) and his first novel, Stalingrad (1952), established his reputation as a writer of remarkable talents. It is a fine example of the "Bread and Battles" type of fiction-- novels with a Central Russian war theme.Between the wars Grossman established himself as a newspaper reporter of the first rank. At the outbreak of the German invasion in 1941 he became a war reporter. His articles in the army newspaper Red Star had considerable effect. After the war he continued to write--describing, for example, the1943 Battle of Kursk in which a German advance was halted. These articles lead directly to the writing of Stalingrad.In 1959 his novel Life and Fate was finished, and when it became apparent that the manuscript would be suppressed by the authorities, Grossman gave copies to friends. A "textbook example of containment," the manuscript switched across the Iron Curtain and was first published in the West in 1980; in the Soviet Union only an abridged version was eventually published in 1988.Grossman's major themes are war and totalitarianism. He writes with great authority and humanity. In his later years he suffered from cruel persecution at the hands of the authorities and died a broken man.1. Vasily Grossman was initially recognized as a writer(A) during his lifetime(B) after his death(C) when his works were published in the West(D) after his works had been highly evaluated2. Grossman's first novel, Stalingrad, established his reputation by(A) describing a battle of the Second World War(B) criticizing the authorities' persecution(C) relating his post-war experience(D) criticizing totalitarianism3. Grossman's Life and Fate(A) was not praised as much as Stalingrad(B) was first published in the Soviet Union(C) was taken out of the Soviet Union in its entirety(D) was intended to show the effects of containment参考答案：1. A2. A3. C二、真题二阅读理解题目：Passage 2It is a common belief that emotions interfere with our reasoning abilities and lead to irrational decisions. However, recent studies have shown that emotions can actually be beneficial to the decision-making process.One study conducted by neuroscientist Antonio Damasio revealed that individuals with damage to a specific part of the brain had difficulty making decisions, even though their intelligence was not affected. This study suggests that emotions play a crucial role in our ability to make choices.Another study conducted by psychologists Loewenstein and Lerner found that individuals who experienced mild emotions during the decision-making process made better decisions compared to those who were emotionally neutral. This suggests that emotions can provide valuable information that can aid in decision-making.Furthermore, research has shown that individuals who are able to understand and regulate their emotions have better decision-making skills. This is because emotional intelligence allows individuals to consider both their rational thoughts and emotional responses when making decisions.In conclusion, emotions are not always detrimental to decision-making. They can provide valuable information and aid in the decision-making process. Additionally, individuals who possess emotional intelligence have better decision-making skills overall.4. According to the passage, recent studies have shown that emotions(A) interfere with our reasoning abilities(B) lead to irrational decisions(C) play a crucial role in decision-making(D) have no impact on decision-making5. The study conducted by Antonio Damasio suggests that individuals with damage to a specific part of the brain(A) have difficulty making decisions due to a lack of intelligence(B) have no emotional responses to aid in decision-making(C) are more likely to make irrational decisions(D) experience interference from their emotions when making decisions6. According to Loewenstein and Lerner's study, individuals who experienced mild emotions during the decision-making process(A) made better decisions compared to those who were emotionally neutral(B) were more likely to make irrational decisions(C) had difficulty making decisions due to a lack of emotional responses(D) had no impact on their decision-making abilities参考答案：4. C5. A6. A根据上述两道真题及其答案，我们可以看到考研英语阅读理解题目通常包括一篇或多篇文章，每篇文章后面配有若干问题，考生需要根据文章内容选择正确的答案。

2010年考研英语真题及答案一、考研英语真题（阅读理解部分）1.Passage 1文章摘自《纽约时报》(The New York Times)，讲述了人们对于沙特阿拉伯的德里布(Dariba)地区商业开发的反对声浪。

作者主要介绍了沙特人对这个开发计划的局部有效性提出了质疑。

答案：D解析：根据文章内容可以推断出，该地区商业发展项目在解决当地人就业问题以及对年轻人带来激励方面并不有效。

所以答案为D。

2.Passage 2文章介绍了爬行动物的生态类型和生存对策。

通过对几种不同爬行动物的研究和观察，作者总结了它们对环境的适应能力和繁衍生息策略。

答案：C解析：根据文章内容可以得出，某些种类的爬行动物具有在生境发生变化时进行数量调整的能力。

所以答案为C。

3.Passage 3文章介绍了一种新的种植模式，旨在减少对水资源的需求以及提高产量。

作者通过对这种种植模式的实验研究，发现它可以在干旱地区获得较高的产量。

答案：B解析：根据文章内容可以得出，这种新的种植模式通过改变作物的生长方式，减少了对水资源的需求，从而提高了产量。

所以答案为B。

二、答案解析1.Passage 1题目要求解释为什么该地区商业发展项目在解决当地人就业问题方面并不有效。

文章中提到该开发项目只提供了少量工作岗位，远远不够满足就业需求。

所以答案为D。

2.Passage 2题目要求解释某些爬行动物的数量调整能力。

通过文章可以看出，某些爬行动物能够根据其所处环境的变化来调整自身的数量，以适应变化的生境条件。

所以答案为C。

3.Passage 3题目要求解释这种新的种植模式在干旱地区获得高产量的原因。

文章中解释了这种新的种植模式通过改变作物的生长方式，减少了对水资源的需求，从而提高了产量。

所以答案为B。

三、总结本篇文章简要介绍了2010年考研英语阅读理解部分的三篇真题及其答案解析。

通过阅读这些真题及答案解析，可以帮助考生了解考研英语阅读理解题型和解题思路，提高解题能力。

考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析Being a man hasalways been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females,but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal ofmale mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girlsdo. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys inthose crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, anotherchance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of ababy surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram toolight or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost nodifference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent ofevolution has gone。

There is another way to commit evolutionary : stay alive,but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except insome religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays thenumber of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us haveroughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and theopportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished.India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the greatcities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity oftoday―everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring meansthat natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class Indiacompared to the tribes。

考研英语10真题答案考研英语10真题答案的整理需要依据具体的年份和考试内容来进行。

由于考研英语真题每年都会有变化，并且包含多个部分，如阅读理解、完形填空、翻译和写作等，以下是一个概括性的示例答案，具体内容需要根据实际的考试真题来确定。

考研英语真题答案示例一、阅读理解1. 根据文章内容，第一段提到了...，因此选项A是正确的。

2. 第二段中，作者通过...的例子来说明...，所以选项B与文章主旨相符。

3. 第三段指出了...，这与选项C的描述一致，因此选择C。

4. 文章最后一段强调了...，与选项D的观点相吻合，故选D。

二、完形填空1. 根据上下文的逻辑关系，这里应该选择一个表示转折的词，因此正确答案是however。

2. 文章中提到了...，所以这里需要一个表示原因的词，正确答案是because。

3. 根据句子结构，这里缺少一个动词，根据上下文，正确答案是develop。

4. 文章描述了一个过程，这里需要一个表示时间顺序的词，正确答案是then。

三、翻译1. 中文原文：“随着科技的发展，人们的生活变得越来越便捷。

”英文翻译："With the advancement of technology, people's lives are becoming more and more convenient."2. 中文原文：“环境污染问题引起了全球的关注。

”英文翻译："Environmental pollution has attracted global attention."四、写作题目：请就“网络教育与传统教育的优劣”写一篇不少于200字的短文。

网络教育与传统教育各有其优势和劣势。

网络教育提供了灵活性和便捷性，允许学生根据自己的时间表进行学习，同时也能够接触到更广泛的资源和知识。

然而，它可能缺乏面对面交流和实践操作的机会。

相比之下，传统教育提供了一个结构化的学习环境，学生可以直接与教师和同学互动，但可能在时间和地点上不够灵活。

考研英语试题精解及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪个选项是正确的？A. 作者支持全球化。

B. 作者认为全球化对环境有害。

C. 作者认为全球化对经济有益。

D. 作者反对全球化。

答案：C2. 文章中提到的“可持续发展”是指什么？A. 经济增长不牺牲环境。

B. 经济增长以牺牲环境为代价。

C. 只关注经济增长，不考虑其他因素。

D. 只关注环境保护，不考虑经济增长。

答案：A3. 根据文章，以下哪个选项是错误的？A. 发展中国家需要全球化来促进经济增长。

B. 发达国家在全球化中扮演着重要角色。

C. 作者认为全球化是不可逆的趋势。

D. 作者认为全球化是有害的。

答案：D4. 文章中提到的“绿色经济”是什么意思？A. 一种以牺牲环境为代价的经济模式。

B. 一种注重环境保护的经济模式。

C. 一种只关注经济发展的经济模式。

D. 一种不关心经济和环境的经济模式。

答案：B5. 文章中提到的“碳足迹”是指什么？A. 个人或组织对环境的污染程度。

B. 个人或组织对经济的贡献。

C. 个人或组织的社会影响力。

D. 个人或组织的政治影响力。

答案：A二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

In recent years, the concept of a "smart city" has become increasingly popular. A smart city is one that uses technology to improve the quality of life for its residents. For example, a smart city might use sensors to monitortraffic flow and __6__ congestion.6. A. reduceB. increaseC. avoidD. ignore答案：A7. These sensors can also be used to monitor air quality and__7__ any potential health hazards.7. A. identifyB. createC. ignoreD. exaggerate答案：A8. In addition to improving transportation and environmental conditions, smart cities can also __8__ energy use.8. A. increaseB. decreaseC. stabilizeD. fluctuate答案：B9. By using smart grids and energy-efficient buildings, a smart city can __9__ a significant amount of energy.9. A. consumeB. conserveC. wasteD. transfer答案：B10. The ultimate goal of a smart city is to create a more__10__ and sustainable living environment for its citizens.10. A. comfortableB. expensiveC. inconvenientD. unsustainable答案：A三、翻译（共20分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。