高中英语竞赛书面表达中的高级结构

◆强调句：可以轻松地将时间、地点、原因、方式等类型的状语从句转变为强调句。

It was not until I arrived home that I realized I had left the bag on the shop counter.It was then that I realized the importance of English.◆倒装句：只要句中有介词短语或状语从句，便可将其提前，变成倒装句。

Only when I turned right at the crossing did that car crack towards me.Only by this means can he escape from the big fire.◆with引导的伴随结构：可以将状语从句或并列句中的其中一个分句变成with结构。

With the sun lighting brightly and the birds singing clearly, I went to school in high spirits He always likes to sleep with the windows open.◆巧妙地使用非谓语动词：可以将状语从句或并列的动词简化为非谓语动词。

Hearing that, the driver’s wife quickly added that her husband often talked nonsense after drinking. (低级形式：When he heard that, ……)◆恰到好处的被动句：适合应用于较简短的句子，这样显得语言简洁生动，宾语一般是nothing、anything、everything等不定代词。

Searched all my pockets, but nothing was found。

◆感慨句：通常用于开头结尾活跃文章气氛，但凡“I feel ……”之类表达感情的句子皆可如此改造。

高考英语书面表达中的高级结构一．高级词汇1．occur 替换think ofSuddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. →He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look forThey sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinaryI’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换veryThe fil m we saw last night was very interesting. →The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried. 7．suppose 替换shouldHe is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thankThank you very much for you help. →We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换trueI don’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research. →On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换coming soon/ nearby①The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?②Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ). 17．come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18．set aside替换saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.19．be of + n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to doI could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usuallyMore often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.23．lest替换so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. →I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26．more than替换very①I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.②If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor 替换helpWould you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?29．the other day替换a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.30．in the course of替换duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema. 32．consist of替换be made up ofOur class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换be tired / broken①After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).②My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换happenWhat do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?35．attend to替换look after36．on condition that替换as long as37．nevertheless替换however38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best t o do40．many a 替换many41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing42．a handful of替换a little / some43．meanwhile替换at the same time44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while47．for instance替换for example48．seldom替换not often49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact二．高级句型结构◆It句型①It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.②It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.③It is + 被强调部分+ that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆more …than any other 表示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句①It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk.②My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句①The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.②It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life.◆分词结构①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at week ends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.②We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people.③Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.◆with结构①A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.②He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand. ◆倒装句①The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.②Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!◆被动语态①Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)②All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.③New factories, houses and roads have been built.◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.②I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learnedChinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’velearned Chinese.(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句M eimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary,nevertheless, otherwise…4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, ontop of…6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…提高英语写作分数的88个词组1.经济的快速发展the rapid development of economy2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard3.先进的科学技术advanced science and technology4.面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges5.人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that…6.社会发展的必然结果the inevitable result of social development7.引起了广泛的公众关注arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention8.不可否认It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate10. 有争议性的问题a controversial issue11.完全不同的观点a totally different argument12.一些人…而另外一些人…Some people…while others…13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned, / Personally,14.就…达到绝对的一致reach an absolute consensus on…15.有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons16.双方的论点argument on both sides17.发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…18.对…必不可少be indispensable to …19.正如谚语所说As the proverb goes:20.…也不例外…be no exception21.对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…22.利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。

书面表达中的高级句型结构◆ It句型①It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.②It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.③It is + 被强调部分 + that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆more …than any other表示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk.② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life.◆分词结构①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework andattending classes as well.② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people.③Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.◆ with结构① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.◆倒装句① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!◆被动语态①Opinions are divided on the question.② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/Themoment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However, they suggest fe es should be charged low. →They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese.(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: afterwards, meanwhile,3). 表示比较、对照: unlike, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…4). 表示因果关系:5). 表示递进关系: moreover, furthermore,6). 表示并列关系:7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/ heard/ had/ read, etc) 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

书面表达中的高级结构王道波我们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。

其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。

下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。

一．高级词汇1．occur 替换think ofSuddenly I had an idea that someon e had broken into my house. →An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. →He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look forThey sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinaryI’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换veryThe film we saw last night was very interesting. →The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.7．suppose 替换shouldHe is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thankThank you very much for you help. →We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换trueI don’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research. →On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换coming soon/ nearby① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).17．come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18．set aside替换saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)19．be of + n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China. 20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to doI could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usuallyMore often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed. 23．lest替换so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. →I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26．more than替换very①I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →I’m more than glad to learn tha t you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷) 27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor 替换helpWould you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?29．the other day替换a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )30．in the course of替换duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32．consist of替换be made up ofOur class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换be tired / broken① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换happenWhat do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?35．attend to替换look after36．on condition that替换as long as37．nevertheless替换however38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do40．many a 替换many41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing42．a handful of替换a little / some43．meanwhile替换at the same time44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while47．for instance替换for example48．seldom替换not often49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact二．高级句型结构◆ It句型①It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）③ It is + 被强调部分+ that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get ourknowledge.◆more …than any other表示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered inthe talk. ( 2004 全国卷Ⅲ )② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句①The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)◆分词结构①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doingendless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meetingpeople. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆ with结构① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eightyinjured.② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase inhis left hand.◆倒装句① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被动语态① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.(2004全国卷Ⅳ)③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置① However, they sugge st fees should be charged low. →They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how wellyou’ve learned Chinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.(2002上海卷)Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays andpoems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on thecontrary, nevertheless, otherwise…4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…2009年12月。

书面表达中的高级结构编写人：杭州新东方许啸书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。

其实，未必如此！下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。

一．高级词汇1．occur 替换think ofSuddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. →He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look forThey sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinaryI’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换veryThe film we saw last night was very interesting. →The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.7．suppose 替换shouldHe is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thankThank you very much for you help. →We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换trueI don’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research. →On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study. 14．round the corner 替换coming soon/ nearby①The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?②Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).17．come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18．set aside替换saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)19．be of + n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to doI could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usuallyMore often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.23．lest替换so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. →I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested inHe is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26．more than替换very①I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.②If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor 替换helpWould you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?29．the other day替换a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )30．in the course of替换duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32．consist of替换be made up ofOur class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换be tired / broken①After five hours’non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).②My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换happenWhat do you think has become of ( happened to ) him ? 35．attend to替换look after36．on condition that替换as long as 37．nevertheless替换however38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with 39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do 40．many a 替换many41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing 42．a handful of替换a little / some43．meanwhile替换at the same time44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in a while 47．for instance替换for example48．seldom替换not often49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact52. reflect on 替换think about53. hold the view that 替换think that 二．高级句型结构◆It句型①It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.②It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）③It is + 被强调部分+ that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆more …than any other 表示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句①It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全国卷Ⅲ)②My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句①The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)②It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)◆分词结构①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)②We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)③Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆with结构①A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.②He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.◆倒装句①The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.②Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被动语态①Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)②All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全国卷Ⅳ)③New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week. →No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)②I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days. (2002上海卷)Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…。

英语考试书面表达中的高级结构书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇一．高级词汇1．occur替换think ofSuddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. →He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换wa nt / look forThey sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average替换ordinaryI’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换veryThe film we saw last night was very interesting. →The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.7．suppose替换shouldHe is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate替换thankThank you very much for you help. →We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated. 9．the case替换trueI d on’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research. →On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study. 14．round the corner 替换coming soon/ nearby①The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).17．come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18．set aside替换saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)19．be of + n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to doI could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usuallyMore often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.23．lest替换so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. →I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested inHe is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26．more than替换very①I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.( NMET 2003 )②If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad tohelp.(2004全国卷)27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor替换helpWould you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?29．the other day替换a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )30．in the course of替换duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32．consist of替换be made up ofOur class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换be tired / broken① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换happenWhat do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?35．attend to替换look after36．on condition that替换as long as37．nevertheless替换however38．express one’s satisfaction wit h替换be satisfied with39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do40．many a 替换many41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing42．a handful of替换a little / some43．meanwhile替换at the same time44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while47．for instance替换for example48．seldom替换not often49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．as a matter of fact替换in fact二．高级句型结构◆ It句型①It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）③ It is + 被强调部分+ that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we getour knowledge.◆more …than any other表示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what iscovered in the talk. ( 2004 全国卷Ⅲ )② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句①The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget f or the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)◆分词结构①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆ with结构①A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed andalmost eighty injured.② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a largesuitcase in his left hand.◆倒装句① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end ofthe universe.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被动语态① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)②All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teachingforeign students. (2004全国卷Ⅳ)③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnl y Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment Nosooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her legwas broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, andhow well you’ve learned Chinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle forseveral days. (2002上海卷)Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wroteplays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all,finally, at last…2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand,on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…英语书面表达在高考中日益显得重要，高考书面表达已不只局限于把话说清楚，把意思表达完整，而是要给我们的句子润色，让我们的句子靓起来。

书面表达中的高级结构通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。

下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。

一．高级词汇1．occur 替换think ofSuddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. →He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look forThey sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinaryI’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换veryThe film we saw last night was very interesting. →The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.7．suppose 替换shouldHe is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thankThank you very much for you help. →We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换trueI don’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research. →On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换coming soon/ nearby① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a goodtime ).17．come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18．set aside替换saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)19．be of + n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to doI could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usuallyMore often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.23．lest替换so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. →I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26．more than替换very① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷) 27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor 替换helpWould you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?29．the other day替换a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )30．in the course of替换duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema. 32．consist of替换be made up ofOur class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换be tired / broken① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换happenWhat do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?35．attend to替换look after36．on condition that替换as long as37．nevertheless替换however38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do40．many a 替换many41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing42．a handful of替换a little / some43．meanwhile替换at the same time44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while47．for instance替换for example48．seldom替换not often49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact二．高级句型结构◆It句型① It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）③ It is + 被强调部分+ that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆more …than any other 表示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004全国卷Ⅲ)② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)◆分词结构① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆with结构① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.◆倒装句① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被动语态① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全国卷Ⅳ)③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置① However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learnedChinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.(2002上海卷)Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary,nevertheless, otherwise…4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…。

书面表达中的高级结构之邯郸勺丸创作王道波们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表我达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不成及。

其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。

下面列举一些罕见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。

一．高级词汇1．occur 替换 think ofSuddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. →He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look forThey sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinaryI’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换veryThe film we saw last night was very interesting. →The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.7．suppose 替换shouldHe is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thankThank you very much for you help. →We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换 trueI don’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research. →On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换 be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby①The summer vacation is round the corner( coming). Do you have any plans?②Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).17．come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18．set aside替换saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷) 19．be of + n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to doI could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usuallyMore often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.23．lest替换so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. →I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/beaddicted to替换be interested inHe is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26．more than替换very①I’m very glad to learn that you are coming inSeptember. →I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.(NMET 2003)② If there is anything I can do for you, I would bemore than glad to help.(2004全国卷)27．perfect(ly)替换good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor 替换helpWould you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?29．the other day替换a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.(NMET 1997)30．in the course of替换duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32．consist of替换be made up ofOur class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换 happenWhat do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?35．attend to替换look after36．on condition that替换as long as37．nevertheless替换however38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do40．many a 替换many41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing42．a handful of替换a little / some43．meanwhile替换at the same time44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while47．for instance替换for example48．seldom替换not often49．wealthy替换 rich50．amazing替换surprising51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact二．高级句型结构◆ It句型①It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.②It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）③It is + 被强调部分 + that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encouragesus a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it isthrough reading that we get our knowledge.◆more …than any other暗示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句①It would mean a great deal to me to listen tothe tape and learn what is covered in the talk.( 2004 全国卷Ⅲ )② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It isnot far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from JianxinChineseSchool. (NMET 2003)② It was quite an experience for us both, whichI’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)◆分词结构①I don’t know about others, but I used to haveto work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)②We’ll mostly stay at home in the eveningwatching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)③Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a greatscientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆ with结构① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with ninepeople killed and almost eighty injured.②He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on hisshoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.◆倒装句① The library is to the east of the teachingbuild ing. →East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.(2002 上海卷)④May all your dreams come true! May our friendshiplast till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）◆主动语态①Opinions are divided on the questi on. (NMET 2002)②All classes are taught by teachers with richexperience in teaching foreign students. (2004全国卷Ⅳ)③New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/Themoment No sooner had we arrived at the cinemathan the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换拔出语的位置①However, they suggest fees should be charged low.→They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.(NMET 2002)② I think this is a good chance for you to show yoursinging talent, and how well you’ve learnedChinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’velearned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has beenlearning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learningto ride a bicycle for several days.(2002上海卷)Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man oflittle education, wrote plays and poems that areread all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbyeto the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse webpage and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held anEnglish contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并不是越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 暗示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards,meanwhile,later，first of all, finally, atlast…2). 暗示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in frontof, on the left, on one side…3). 暗示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but,however, on the other hand, on the contrary,nevertheless, otherwise…4). 暗示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…5). 暗示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what wasworse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on topof…6). 暗示并列关系: and, as well as, also…7). 暗示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, onthe whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…2009年12月。

高中英语书面表达中的高级结构1.高级词汇和短语：使用更加高级和专业的词汇和短语，例如：- Reduce等于 decrease- Utilize等于 use- whereas等于 while这些高级词汇和短语可以使你的写作内容更加丰富和精确。

2.多样的句子结构：在书面表达中，可以使用不同的句子结构来增加句子的复杂性和多样性。

- 并列句：通过使用连词来连接两个独立的句子，如and, but, or 等。

例句：I enjoy reading books, but my sister prefers watching movies.-复合句：将一个独立句子与一个从句相结合，从从句中引入一个新的主题或观点。

例句：Although the weather was bad, we still went for a hike.- 条件句：通过使用if, unless, provided that等条件连接词来表达假设或条件。

- 强调句：通过使用it is/was...that...结构来强调句子中的一些部分。

例句：It was his hard work that led to his success.-主动语态和被动语态：灵活运用主动语态和被动语态，增加句子的多样性。

例句：She cooked a delicious meal. (主动语态)The delicious meal was cooked by her. (被动语态)3.引用和插入语：引用和插入语可以增加句子的复杂性和深度。

例句：According to a recent study, people who exercise regularly have higher energy levels.In my opinion, the government should invest more in renewable energy.4.倒装句：通过将助动词或be动词提前到主语之前，可以构成倒装句，增加句子的复杂性。

书面表达中的高级句型结构◆ It句型①It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.③ It is + 被强调部分+ that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get ourknowledge.◆more …than any other表示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered inthe talk.② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句①The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life.◆分词结构①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doingendless homework and attending classes as well.② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people.③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.◆ with结构① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eightyinjured.② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase inhis left hand.◆倒装句① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of theuniverse.!◆被动语态① Opinions are divided on the question.②All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreignstudents.③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how wellyou’ve learned Chinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese.(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays andpoems that are read all over the world.◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: afterwards, meanwhile,3). 表示比较、对照: unlike, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…4). 表示因果关系:5). 表示递进关系: moreover, furthermore,6). 表示并列关系:7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)~~~ the most + 形容词+ 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen ( known/ heard/ had/ read, etc)例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

书面表达中的高级结构我们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。

其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。

下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。

一．高级词汇1．occur 替换thin ofSudden I had an idea that omeone had broen into m houe →An idea occurred to me that omeone had broen into m houeIt occurred to me that omeone had broen into m houe2．devote替换ing oon/ nearb①The ummer vacation i round the corner coming Do ou have an e to ight替换dicoverThe fami were o e ue uChinaing in Seing in See of替换hae of haChinaFangcao StreetFangcao StreetJianxin Chinese Schoole true! Ma our friendhi at wee → No one but Tom（2）．a oon a …改成No ooner…than…/Hard…when…/Immediate…/Themoment No ooner had we arrived at the cinema than the fim tarted（3）．have b/th do/doneThe gir wa noced off her bicce and had her eg broen her eg wa broen（4）．变换插入语的位置①However, the ugget fee houd be charged ow →The ugget, however, fee houd be charged ow NMET 最新② I thin thi i a good chance for ou to how our inging taent, and how we ou’ve earned Chinee→Thi i a good chance for ou, I thin, to how our inging taent, and how we ou’ve earned Chinee 最新全国卷Ⅰ5 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who i even ear od, ha been earning to ride a bicce for evera da→Meimei, a gir of thirteen, ha been earning to ride a bicce for evera da最新上海卷Shae a i, a man of itte education, wrote that are read a over the word（最新年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the un etting in the wet, we had to wave goodbe to the worerWith hi he（最新年湖南卷）With the function of inerting, deeting, moving and coa, he met a foreigner（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1 表示时间顺序: firt, then, afterward, meanwhie,ater，firt of a, fina, at at…2 表示空间顺序: near, net to, far from, in front of, on the eft, on one ide…3 表示比较、对照: ie, unie, uch a, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrar,neverthee, otherwie…4 表示因果关系: becaue, for, a a reut, ther efore, thu…5 表示递进关系: beide, what’ more, what wa wore, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on to u, in brief, to concude…。

高考三轮复习：书面表达中的高级结构一．高级词汇1．occur 替换think ofSuddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. →He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look forThey sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinaryI’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换veryTh e film we saw last night was very interesting. →The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried. 7．suppose 替换shouldHe is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thankThank you very much for you help. →We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换trueI don’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research. →On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换coming soon/ nearby①The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?②Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).17．come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18．set aside替换saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)19．be of + n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China. 20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to doI could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usuallyMore often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed. 23．lest替换so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. →I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26．more than替换very①I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )②If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷) 27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor 替换helpWould you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?29．the other day替换a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )30．in the course of替换duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32．consist of替换be made up ofOur class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换be tired / broken①After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).②My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换happenWhat do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?35．attend to替换look after36．on condition that替换as long as37．nevertheless替换however38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do40．many a 替换many41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing42．a handful of替换a little / some43．meanwhile替换at the same time44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while47．for instance替换for example48．seldom替换not often49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact二．高级句型结构◆It句型①It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.②It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）③It is + 被强调部分+ that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆more …than any other 表示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句①It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in thetalk. ( 2004 全国卷Ⅲ)②My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句①The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)②It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)◆分词结构①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)②We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)③Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆with结构①A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eightyinjured.②He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in hisleft hand.◆倒装句①The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.②Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被动语态①Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)②All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.(2004全国卷Ⅳ)③New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom p assed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)②I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how wellyou’ve learned Chinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.(2002上海卷)Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary,nevertheless, otherwise…4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, the refore, thus…5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, toconclude…。

【高中英语】高中英语书面表达中的高级结构书面表达中的高级结构我们高三在评论书面表达时，英语教师经常告诉学生，如果他们想在书面表达中获得高分，他们必须拥有高级句型和高级词汇；然而，在写书面表达时，许多学生总是认为高级句型和高级词汇是神秘的、难以理解的。

事实上，不一定！通过学习一些优秀的学生作品和日历年高考我们发现，许多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇都是由老师反复解释和训练的。

以下是一些常用的高级词汇和句型，供学生参考。

一.高级词汇1.将thinkof替换为Occesssuddenlyihadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.→有人闯入了我的房子。

itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.2.用投入代替支出hespendsallhissparetimeinreading.→他唤起了他所有的业余阅读。

3.seek替换want/lookfor他们想把自己藏在树下。

4.average替换ordinary我是普通学生。

5.but替换very昨晚的那些衣服很有趣。

→thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.昨晚的电影很无聊。

6.seat替换sit在上学的路上，他发现一个女孩坐在路边，看起来很焦虑。

7.suppose替换should他反对（应该）重新开车。

8.appreciate替换thank非常感谢你的帮助。

→weappreciateyourhelpverymuch./yourhelpismuchappreciated.9.将true替换为Caseidon’tthinkitisthecase(true).10.更换assoonasassoonashearrived,hebeganhisresearch.→他一到就开始做研究。

11.dueto替换becauseof因暴风雨而迟到。

书面表达中的高级句型结构◆ It句型①It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.②It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.③It is + 被强调部分+ that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get ourknowledge.◆more …than any other表示最高级Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered inthe talk.② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life.◆分词结构①I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doingendless homework and attending classes as well.② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meetingpeople.③Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.◆ with结构①A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eightyinjured.② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his lefthand.◆倒装句① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!◆被动语态①Opinions are divided on the question.②All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreignstudents.③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/Themoment No sooner had wearrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’velearned Chinese. →This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese.(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays andpoems that are read all over the world.◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: afterwards, meanwhile,3). 表示比较、对照: unlike, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…4). 表示因果关系:5). 表示递进关系: moreover, furthermore,6). 表示并列关系:7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief,to conclude…一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)~~~ the most + 形容词+ 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen ( known/ heard/ had/ read, etc)例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

英语书面表达中的高级构造一．高级词汇1．occur 替代 think ofSuddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house.→An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote 替代 spendHe spends all his spare time in reading.→He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替代 want / look forThey sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替代 ordinaryI ’ m an average(ordinary ) student.5．but 替代 veryThe film we saw last night was very interesting.→The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替代 sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried. 7．suppose 替代 shouldHe is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替代 thankThank you very much for you help.→We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替代 trueI don ’ t think it is theasec ( true ).10． on 替代 as soon asAs soon as he arrived, he began his research→.On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to 替代 because ofHe arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12． cover 替代 walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.13． contribute to 替代be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14． round the corner 替代 coming soon/ nearby①The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?②Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light 替代 discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels.→The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16． have a ball替代 have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).17． come up with 替代 think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18． set aside替代 saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004 天津卷 )19． be of + n. 替代 adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China. 20． refer to 替代 talk about/of, mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21． can not but / can not help but替代 have to doI could not but (had to) go home.22． more often than not替代 usuallyMore often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed. 23． lest 替代 so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forgetit.→ I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24． be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替代 want to do sth./wishfor I want to see you very much.→I am long to see you.25． be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted 替to换 be interested in He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26． more than替代 very① I ’ m very glad to learn that you are coming in September.→I ’ m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September(.NMET 2003 )②If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷 ) 27． perfect (ly) 替代 good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ). 28． do sb a/the favor 替代 helpWould you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?29． the other day替代 a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 ) 30． in the course of替代 duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31． the majority of 替代 mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32． consist of 替代 be made up ofOur class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33． be worn out 替代 be tired / broken①After five hours ’non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).②My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.34． become of替代 happenWhat do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?35．attend to 替代 look after36． on condition that 替代 as long as37． nevertheless替代 however38． express one ’ s satisfaction 替with换 be satisfied with39． spare no efforts to do替代 try one’ s best to do40． many a 替代 many41． be rushed off one’s feet替代be busy in doing42． a handful of 替代 a little / some43． meanwhile 替代 at the same time44． get to one’s feet 替代 stand up45． beneath替代 under46． occasionally 替代 sometimes /once in while47． for instance 替代 for example48． seldom 替代 not often49． wealthy 替代 rich50． amazing替代 surprising51． as a matter of fact 替代 in fact二．高级句型构造◆It 句型① It will be + some time + beforeIt won’tbe long before humans visit the Mars.②It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, becauseit has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts（.2008 年湖北卷）③It is + 被重申部分 + that1)It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆more than any other 表示最高等Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popularthan any one else.◆ 名词从句①It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered inthe talk. ( 2004 全国卷Ⅲ )②My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句①The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. Theflat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ ll never forget for the rest of myfeli. (2002 北京卷 )◆ 分词构造①I don ’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekendsdoingendless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)②We ’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ )③Hearing this, a few people began to run after him（.2004 辽宁卷）④Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor（.2008 年湖南卷）◆with 构造① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eightyinjured.②He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in hisleft hand.◆ 倒装句① The library is to the east of the teaching building.→East of the teaching building is the library.②Although we are tired, we are happy→.Tired as we are, we are happy.③Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002上海卷 )④May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007 年湖南卷）◆被动语态① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)②All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.(2004 全国卷Ⅳ)③New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004江苏卷 )◆奇妙的改写（1）． Only 改成 no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week.→ No one but Tom passed the exam.（ 2）． as soon as改成No sooner than /Hardly when /Immediately/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）． have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的地点① However, they suggest fees should be charged low.→They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how wellyou’ve learned Chinese.→This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well3高中英语书面表达中的高级构造you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ )(5). 用同位语取代非限制性定语从句Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.(2002 上海卷 )Shakespeare,a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays andpoems that are read all over the world（.2008 年湖南卷）◆ 其余（1）着重句子的开头①用 with 复合构造开头With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems（.2006 年湖南卷）With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want（.2009 年江苏卷）② 用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ） In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交织使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并不是越长越好）◆◆ 有关过渡语1). 表示时间次序 : first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last2). 表示空间次序 : near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side3). 表示比较、比较 : like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary,nevertheless, otherwise4). 表示因果关系 : because, for, as a result, therefore, thus5). 表示递进关系 : besides, what ’ s more,what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of6). 表示并列关系 : and, as well as, also7). 表示总结性 : in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief,to conclude。

一．高级词汇1．occur 替换 think ofSuddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spendHe spends all his spare time in reading. →He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look forThey sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinaryI’m an average ( ordinary ) student.5．but替换veryTh e film we saw last night was very interesting. →The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sitOn his way to school he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road looking worried. 7．suppose 替换shouldHe is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thankThank you very much for you help. →We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换 trueI don’t think it is the case ( true ).10．on替换as soon asAs soon as he arrived he began his research. →On his arrival he began his research..11．due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.12．cover替换walk/readAfter covering (walking) 10 miles we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换 be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).15．come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneselfAfter visiting the workshop we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ). 17．come up with替换think ofJack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.18．set aside替换saveSome students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)19．be of + n. 替换adj.The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to 替换talk about/of mentionThe professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to doI could not but (had to) go home.22．more often than not替换usuallyMore often than not (Usually) the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.23．lest替换so that /in order thatI wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much. →I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested inHe is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.26．more than替换very① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )② If there is anything I can do for you I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷) 27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).28．do sb a/the favor 替换helpWould you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?29．the other day替换a few days agoThe other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )30．in the course of替换duringIn the course of (During) the mountain-climbing please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换mostThe majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema. 32．consist of替换be made up ofOur class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken① After five hours’ non-stop work we were all worn out (tired).② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换 happenWhat do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?35．attend to替换look after36．on condition that替换as long as37．nevertheless替换however38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do40．many a 替换many41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing42．a handful of替换a little / some43．meanwhile替换at the same time44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while47．for instance替换for example48．seldom替换not often49．wealthy替换 rich50．amazing替换surprising51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact二．高级句型结构◆ It句型① It will be + some time + before…It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）③ It is + 被强调部分+ that…1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆ more …than any other 表示最高级Among the optional courses spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.◆名词从句① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全国卷Ⅲ )② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.◆（非限制性）定语从句① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)② It was quite an experience for us both which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life.(2002 北京卷)◆分词结构① I don’t know about others but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV playing games and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)③ Hearing this a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）④ Born in American Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆ with结构① A terrible accident happened yesterday with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder with a large suitcase in his left hand.◆倒装句① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →East of the teaching building is the library.② Although we are tired we are happy.→Tired as we are we are happy.③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被动语态① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全国卷Ⅳ)③ New factories houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only 改成no one butOnly Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/doneThe girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置① However they suggest fees should be charged low. →They suggest however fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent and how well you’ve learned Chinese. →This is a good chance for you I think to show your singing talent and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei who is seven years old has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→Meimei a girl of thirteen has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days. (2002上海卷) Shakespeare a son from a poor family a man of little education wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头With the sun setting in the west we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）With the functions of inserting deleting moving and copying it enables us to edit test browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1). 表示时间顺序: first then afterwards meanwhile later，first of all finally at last…2). 表示空间顺序: near next to far from in front of on the left on one side…3). 表示比较、对照: like unlike such as but however on the other hand on the contrary nevertheless otherwise…4). 表示因果关系: because for as a result therefore thus…5). 表示递进关系: besides what’s more what was worse moreove r furthermore in addition on top of…6). 表示并列关系: and as well as also…7). 表示总结性: in general in a word in short on the whole to sum up in brief to conclude…。