自考英语复习资料.doc

自考“基础英语”复习资料（2）二、单选中易考的短语和句式：the average person：般人make…into：把……制成…pay…for：为了得到…而付钱make profit：盈利；赚钱as far as sth. Is concerned：就…而言on average：平均 last for ever：一直用下去look after＝take care of：照看；照料once in a lifetime：一辈子一次的，难得的persuade sb to do sth：劝说某人做某事persuade sb out of sth/doing sth：劝说某人不要做某事throw away：丢弃lead to：导致trade in sth for sth else：以一物换取另一物out of fashion：过时in fashion：流行turn…into…：使…变成…get into trouble：陷入困境be at work：在起作用go down：（物价）下降，下跌in the meanwhile：在此期间in limited quantities：有限的数量go into sth：加入：开始做strive to do sth：努力做某事protect …from…：使…免受…的伤害be harmful to sth：对…有害first of all：首先be composed of：由…组成，构成be labled as…：贴上…标签be on guard：警惕take sth for granted：认为某事当然，想当然in the order of：依…次序trick sb into doing sth：诱使某人做某事suffer from sth：遭受（疾病、灾难等）as a result of：由于under pressure：处于压力之下warn sb of（against）sth：警告、告诫drive sb to suicide：逼得某人自杀point out：指出run away from：逃离move house：搬家fall ill：生病in times of…：在…时候take up：从事；开始做…to tail after a man：尾随某人be in good（poor）health：健康情况好（差）commit a crime：犯罪as with…：如同…那样lose one‘s lead：失去领先地位change hands：转手、易手lead…in…：在哪方面居领先地位be designed to：目的是add to：提高、增加do away with：消灭、消除check out：付账后离开protection against the cold：御寒in many different climates：在不同的气候条件下spin sth into yarn：把…纺成纱guard a secret：保守秘密be known as：被称为by no means：决不by means of…：用…、依靠…go as high a s…percentage：高达…的百分比arrange for sb to do sth：安排某人做某事take a train：乘火车hold on to：抓住…不放enter into business：开始经商according to…：根据…in general：一般地、大体上get used to…＝become accustomed to…：习惯于…complain about：抱怨apply to：适用于get along wi th…：与…相处at least：至少deal in sth：经营…slow down：减速provide sb with sth：为某人提供某物be in use：正在使用中place of historical interest：名胜古迹get around：各处旅行come to the conclusion that…：得到的结论是…be chartered for sth：被租来做某事have （no）trouble/difficulty in doing sth：做某事有困难be superior to：比…优越mix with：与…混合combine with：与…化合on earth：在世间separate…from：把…和…分开use up：用完an aid to sth：对…有所帮助inform sb of sth：通知某人某事go beyond：超越create a desire for…：激发对…的需求take advantage of：利用…；占便宜at this point：此时此刻for emotional motives：出于情感compete with（against）sb for sth：为了得到某物而与某人竞争remain in one‘s mind：记在心里get the attention of：吸引…的注意get down to do sth：开始认真做某事have advantage in doing sth：做…有好处prefer to do sth rather than do sth：愿意做…而不愿做…to be limited by：受限于…to confine…to…：把…局限于…in a position to do：能够做…have a effect on：对…有影响，有作用be aimed at：以…为目的relate to：与…有关associate with：与…联系在一起be subject to：受…的控制in a search for…＝in search of：寻找、寻求lead up：引入…in addition to…：除…之外couple with：与…相结合add to：增加trace to：追溯到…engage in sth：从事…be in operation：正在运转come into operation：实施、生效at large：普遍地be inclined to：倾向于…；赞同…in effect：实质上to be pessimistic about：对…感到悲观on…side：支持…step in…：介入…bine…to…：使…束缚于…make…possible to：使…成为可能by contrast：相比之下break into：闯入come across：路上偶遇某人pull though：使康复settle up：清偿，还清债务make up for：弥补，补偿put up with：忍受，容忍bestowed by：…赐予的be obliged to：不得不in terms of：在…方面specialize in：专门从事…merge with：于…联合，结合appeal to：呼吁be exposed to：使遭受、面对take in：接收，吸收prior to：从前的occasioned by：由…造成的be sufficient to：足以…to be pivotal in：起着关键作用take…into account：考虑到…in a swarm：成群，大批be aware of：知晓come up against：面对…的困难be ascribed to：归结于in excess of：超过keep pace with：与…并驾齐驱in the aggregate：总计be paired with：与…配对out of harmony with：与…不协调yearned for：渴望，向往be charmed with：被…迷住in consequence：因此replace…with…：用…代替…invest in：在…上投资be reference to：作为…的参考risk doing sth：做某事是有风险的attempt at doing sth：企图做某事take sth apart：拆开，拆散leave of：停止must have done：表示对过去的推测piggy-back service：背负式运输服务vary with sth：随…而变化held out：提出，主张anything but：决不是nothing but：只不过，仅仅是。

实词：名词、代词、形容词、数词、动词、副词虚词：冠词、介词、连词、感叹词名词复数变化规则：不规则变化口诀： 特指双熟悉 上文已提及 世上独无二 序数最高级 口诀: 代词限定名词前 专有名词不可数 学科球类三餐饭某些专有名 习语和乐器。

四季星期月份前 颜色语种和国名 称 呼习语和头衔。

形容词性物主代词 my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性物主代词 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs相等时—“as+原级+as ”不等时—“not so(as)+原级+as ”倍数时—“倍数+as+原级+as ”1. 单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词后, 加-er, -est2. 以 e 结尾的单音节形容词和副词后, 加-r, -st3. 辅元辅和辅辅元辅结构的词双写最后一个字母, 再加-er, -est4. 以辅音字母加-y 结尾的形容词和副词, 先把 y 变为i, 再加-er, -est5. 多音节和大部分双音节形容词和副词, 在原级前加more, most6. 下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种构成方法clever-cleverer-cleverest/more clever-most cleveroften-oftener-oftenest/more often-most often7. 下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的不规则构成old-older-oldest/elder-eldest far-farther-farthest/further-furthestlittle-less-leastmany/much-more-mostbad/ill/badly-worse-worstgood/well-better-best及物动词(vt.)后面可以直接跟宾语。

不及物动词(vi.): 不及物动词后面要跟宾语，必须加上介词。

自考学士学位英语考试复习资料(语法、词汇、短词、阅读、作文)第一节动词的时态考试重点：一般现在时（if 从句和as soon as 从句）；进行时表将来；现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别；完成时瞬间动词以及have （has）been, have（has）gone的区别；过去完成时的时间状语；将来完成时。

一、一般现在式：1、表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态：常和always, usually, often ,sometimes, every day, every week的等时间状语连用。

例：He goes to work every day. 他每天去上班。

2、表示普遍的真理。

由于是众所周知的客观事实，所以一般不用时间状语。

例：The earth is round. 地球是圆的。

3、有些表示心理状态或感情的动词往往用一般现在时。

例：I don’t think you are right.我以为你错了。

4、在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作：常用的连词有as soon as，when，till，if。

（1）They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they ________their exams. A. have finished B. finish C. finished D. was finishing （答案：B）（1996年22题）（2）When the mixture ______, it will give off a powerful force. A. will heat B. will be heated C. is heatedD. has heated（答案：C）（1992年59题）二、一般过去时：1、表示过去的动作或状态：常和过去时间状语连用。

just now, last year, when I was 8years old 等。

可编辑修改精选全文完整版PartⅠVocabulary and Structure (25 points, 30 minutes)Directions: There are 50 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1．By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular ____ children as Coca Cola.A) for B) with C) to D) in2．When you buy anything expensive, never forget to ask for the ____ from the shop.A) receipt B) trust C) render D) tale3．The financial support is decided not only according to your GRE score, but also according to your ____ in college.A) intelligence B) policy C) performance D) statement4．Professor Smith is also the ____ of the international program office. If you have any problem when you study here, you may go to him for help.A) detective B) president C) manager D) director5．We do not have a ____ school in our institute. The highest degree we provide for the students is a B. A. and a B. S. .A) graduate B) high C) grade D) continue6．Paper clips, drawing pins and safety-pins were ____ all over the floor.A) separated B) sprayed C) spilled D) scattered7．I am writing ____ my mother to express her thanks for your gift.A) in memory of B) on behalf ofC) with respect to D) on account of8．In considering men for jobs in our firm, we give ____ to those with some experience.A) privilege B) advice C) prize D) preference9．She is ____ a musician than her brother.A) much of B) much as C) more of D) more as10．The assignments are too hard. I can't ____ the work.A) keep up with B) catch up withC) come up with D) put up with11．Robert Spring, a 19th century forger, was so good at his profession that he was able to make his living for 15 years by selling ____ signatures of famous Americans.A) artificial B) genuine C) false D) natural12．In 1890 there were many American cities and towns where part of a day's school instruction was conducted in language ____English.A) more than B) other than C) except that D) except for13．The problem will be discussed at length in the ____ Chapter.A) consequent B) latter C) late D) subsequent14．They are members of the club by ____ of their great wealth.A) virtue B) way C) means D) word15．The value of the industrial ____ dropped from about 70 billion dollars to slightly more than 31 billion.A) outcome B) outlook C) output D) outset16．Scientists believe that color blindness is a(n) ____ defect, and there is no cure for it.A) retained B) inherited C) received D) infected17．She was glad that her success would ____ for the women who would follow.A) be easier to make B) make it easierC) be easier D) make things easier18．Fred says that his present job does not provide him with enough ____ for his organizing ability.A) scope B) space C) capacity D) extent19．San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles ____.A) is rarely B) hardly is C) rarely is D) is scarcelly20．You've been overworking recently, and would find a holiday ____.A) fortunate B) essential C) profitable D) beneficial21．____ you are familiar with the author's ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as you possibly can.A) Ever since B) Now that C) So that D) As long as22．The people didn't trust Senator Maxwell , otherwise he ____.A) would have re-elected B) would have been re-electedC) must have been re-elected D) were to be re-elected23．Go straight into the cave and find out what's in there, ____?A) will youB) don't youC) do youD) can you24．The old man was shocked to learn that his illness could result in death if ____ untreated.A) to leaveB) to be leftC) leavingD) left25．Our teacher recommend that we ____ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.A) areB) beC) wereD) shall be26．The old man came upstairs with great strength , his right hand ____ a stick for support.A) heldB) holdingC) being holdingD) was holding27．My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ____ from you sometime.A) hearing B) to hear C) having heard D) to have heard28．It ____ around nine o'clock when I drove back home because it was already dark.A) had to be B) was to beC) must be D) must have been29．If you act ____ the doctor's advice ,you won't get well again.A) aside from B) contrary to C)capable of D) prior to30．Visitors coming for short periods of time do not alwaysexperience ____ intense emotions ____ visitors who live in foreign countries for longer terms.A) the same …asB) both …andC) either... orD) so …that31．Urban mothers had difficulty ____ their children into child care facilities.A) getB) to getC) in gettingD) for getting32．If it ____ too much trouble, I'd love a cup of tea.A) isn'tB) wasn'tC) weren'tD) hadn't been33．The population of many Alaskan cities has ____ doubled in the past three years.A)larger thanB)as great asC)more thanD)as many as34．All that can be done ____.A)have been doneB)have doneC)has doneD)has been done35．A person beating a drum or blowing a trumpet causes vibrations in the air ____ sound waves.A) callsB) calledC) is calledD) are called36．These national parks are very important for preserving many animals, who would ____ run the risk of becoming extinct.A) otherwiseB) neverthelessC) thereforeD) instead37．They had an accident on the road and didn't ____ at their hotel until after midnight.A) show offB) check inC) check outD) drop out38．After his leave Tom went back on duty to ____ his soldiers.A) put in charge ofB) be charged withC) be taken in charge byD) take charge of39．The three rows at the front are ____ for guests.A) conservedB) depositedC) reservedD) stored40．One thing it's safe to say about robots is that anything you can write about them will already be ____ by the time it's read. That's how fast robot technology is developing.A) out of orderB) out of dateC) out of controlD) out of sight41．The autumn air felt ____ so he went to fetch a coat.A) coolB) severeC) harshD) chilly42．A managing director cannot expect to have much time to ____ to purely personal matters.A) reserveB) spareC) concentrateD) devote43．His enthusiasm for the plan seems to have ____, for he never speaks about it any more.A) worn offB) got downC) fallen outD) used up44．With the spring here you can ____ these ski boots till you need them again next winter.A)put awayB)get rid ofC) give awayD)do away with45．No artistic creation can achieve greatness if ____ from life.A) resultedB) escapedC) divorcedD) shielded46．The Petersons have a very ____ daughter. She is always running and jumping.A) quietB) vigorousC) naughtyD) mischievous47．If you like a large print of your photograph we can blow it ____ for you.A) upB) throughC) outD) over48．The speaker agreed to ____ from the position that he had just stated.A) returnB) jumpC) withdrawD) retreat49．Some hobbies can only be ____ by rich people.A) taken inB) taken onC) taken upD) taken over50．I think it is only by a ____ of imagination that you say you have seen a ghost.A) pinchB) lackC) shortageD) stretchPartⅡReading Comprehension (45 points, 50 minutes)Directions: There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1Question 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Censorship (审查制度) is for the good of society as a whole. Imagine what chaos there would be if we lived in a society without laws. Like the law, censorship contributes to the common good.Some people think that it is disgraceful that a censor should interfere with works of art. Who is this person, they say, to ban this great book or cut that great film? No one can set himself up as a superior being. But we must remember two things. Firstly, where genuine works of art are concerned, modern censors are extremely liberal in their views----often far more liberal than a large section of the public. Artistic merit is something which censors clearly recognize. And secondly, we must bear in mind that the great proportion of books, plays and films which come before the censor are very far from being "works of art".When discussing censorship, therefore, we should not confine our attention to great masterpieces, but should consider the vast numbers of publications and films which make up the bulk (大部分) of the entertainment industry. When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a licence to produce virtually anything in the name of "art". There is an increasing tendency to equate "artistic" with "pornographic" (色情的).So one of the great things that censorship does is to prevent certain people from making fat profits by corrupting the minds of others. Society would really be poorer if it deprived itself of the wise counsel and the restraining influence which a censor provides.51．A censor's duty is ____.A) to see there is no filthy content in publications or filmsB) to ban books and cut filmsC) to distinguish works of art from othersD) to make sure that no licence is given to dishonest people52．Some people are against censorship for the reason that ____.A) censorship is not consistent with the ideals of democracyB) censors prevent people from making profitsC) censors are conservative and cannot appreciate artistic meritD) censorship limits the way people feel and think53．When the writer says "to equate 'artistic' which 'pornographic', he means ____.A) there is no clear distinction between what is artistic and what is pornographicB) masterpieces are sometimes offensive to decencyC) many pornographic works will be published in the name of artD) artistic works and pornographic works have the same market value54．According to the writer, a society free from censorship ____.A) would be poor materiallyB) would expose its people to dangers of being corruptedC) could not develop its entertainment industryD) would allow only a small section of people to make profits55．All the following are the writer's views except that ____.A) censors are fully qualified for their jobB) masterpieces even with pornographic content are still masterpiecesC) society will not do without censorshipD) many books, plays and films are not works ofPassage 2Question 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:A few weeks ago I was talking to a school inspector in one of the more fashionable districts of Paris. She astonished me by saying that if she had young children today, she'd probably send them to a private school. She had devoted 25 years of her life to the ideal of free public education, she said, but the truth was the state system was in a mess.There are two main problems: State schools in France have to accept whatever teachers are assigned to them by the Ministry of Education. As my school inspector friend put it, "one year a schoolmay be excellent; three or four years later, half the teachers may be incapable!" That is not very reassuring if you're a parent. Private schools can choose their own teachers.The other problem is discipline or, rather, the lack of it. Not long ago a school in Birmingham made headlines in Britain because the teachers were being terrorized by their pupils. In the desolate suburbs of low-cost apartment blocks, thrown together in the 1960s on the outskirts of most big French cities, such stories are commonplace. Vandalism(破坏他人财产的行为), drug-taking and extortion aren't limited to schools in poor areas either. A recent poll found that 88 per cent of French children rate as the biggest problem of their school lives the prevalence (流行, 猖獗)of factions and gangs which spend all their time fighting one another. Small wonder, then, that the private schools, with their emphasis on traditional values, are undergoing a new surge of popularity (despite disapproval from France's new socialist leaders), and competition to get into the best of them has now become intense.56．The French school inspector has long been a supporter of ____.A) compulsory education B) free private educationC) private schools D) the state school system57．The French state education system ____.A) does not guarantee the competence of teachersB) seems to have no serious difficultiesC) is running smoothlyD) promises to maintain high standards58．Private schools in France today ____.A) are generally undergoing changes for the worseB) enjoy the prestige(声望) of becoming the place to send one's children toC) have become victims of vandalismD) never hire teachers who stress traditional values59．Lack of discipline among students is rampant in state schools ____.A) in the Paris slums, but not in other areasB) noticeably and solely in the poorer areas in French citiesC) almost everywhere in FranceD) rather restricted to Birmingham60．France children who wish to go to the best private schools can do so by ____.A) taking highly competitive examinations B) simply sending in applicationsC) joining factions and gangs D) drawing lotsPart ⅢCloze ( 10 points, 15 minutes )Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For eachblank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the One that the best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the cettre.Today vegetables, fish, fruit, meat and beer are canned in enormous quantities. Within three generations the 81 habits of millions have been revolutionized. Foods that were previously 82 may now be eaten at any time, and strange foods are 83 far from the countries where they are 84 . The crops many farmers now produce often depend on the nearness of a canning factory.The first stage in the canning 85 is the preparation of the raw food. Diseased and waste portions are thrown 86 ; meat and fish are cleaned and trimmed; fruit and vegetables washed and graded for 87 . The jobs are principally 88 by machine.The next stage, for vegetables only, is soak in very 89 or boiling water for a short time to remove air and 90 the vegetable. This makes 91 easier to pack into cans for sterilization (free from living germs).Some packing machines fill 92 to 400 cans a minute. Fruit, fish and meat are packed raw and cold into cans, and then all the air is removed. 93 the cans are sealed, the pressure inside each can is only about half the pressure of the outside air.The sterilization process which follows the cans are subjected 94steam or boiling water, with the temperature and time 95 according to the type of food. Cans of fruit, for example, 96 only 5-10 minutes in boiling water, 97 meat and fish are cooked at higher temperatures for 98 period. After sterilization, the cans are cooled quickly to 32 degree to prevent the contents 99 becoming too soft.The final stage before sending off to the grocer is labeling, and packing the tins into boxes. Nowadays, however, labeling is often printed on in 100 by the can-maker and no paper labels are then required.81．A) eat B) eatable C) eaten D) eating 82．A) monthly B) year-round C) seasonal D) quarterly83．A) accessible B) obtained C) available D) usable 84．A) planting B) grown C) growing D) producing85．A) process B) reaction C) procession D) program 86．A) about B) away C) down D) up87．A) size B) length C) height D) breadth 88．A) had B) fulfilled C) pocked D) done 89．A) chilly B) cold C) hot D) freezing 90．A) soften B) cook C) steam D) harden 91．A) them B) it C) us D) that92．A) up B) down C) in D) on93．A) When B) If C) Although D) Before94．A) on B) to C) in D) at95．A) varies B) vary C) varied D) varying 96．A) cost B) spend C) take D) consume97．A) as B) because C) while D) for98．A) less B) longer C) shorter D) more99．A) off B) through C) by D) from100. A) fashion B) before hand C) advance D) practice Part IV English-Chinese Translation (20 points, 15 minutes) Directions: In this part, there are six items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting one or more sentences. They are all taken from the reading passage you have just read.①(line 1-3, para. 3, passage 1 ) When discussing censorship, therefore, we should not confine our attention to great masterpieces, but should consider the vast numbers of publications and films which make up the bulk (大部分) of the entertainment industry.②(line 2-3, para. 2, passage 2 ) As my school inspector friend put it, "one year a school may be excellent; three or four years later, half the teachers may be incapable!"③(line 5-7, para. 2, passage 3 ) He must serve as a man responsiblefor the fortune he has earned and use that fortune to provide greater opportunity for all and to increase man’s knowledge of himself and of his universe.④(line 2-4, para. 2, Passage 4 ) It is just one of several techniques being tried at U.S. medical schools and hospitals in an attempt to deal with the most universal complaint about doctors: lack of sympathy.⑤(line 6-9, para. 1, Passage 5 ) Differentials（差异）in infant mortality were very large---75 per cent higher in poverty than in nonpoverty areas. In both cases, the differences between white and nonwhite were even more substantial than between poverty and nonpoverty areas.⑥(line 3-4, para. 4, passage 6) Monitoring by computer has proven to be very accurate and increases early discovery of life threatening events.Part V &n, bsp; Writing (20 points, 35 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 35 minutes to write a composition on the topic Diligence is the Father of Success. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1. 大多数人今天的成功都来自过去的勤奋2. 勤能补拙3. 懒惰和无所事事会使人一事无成--答案Ⅰ.01-20 BACDA DBDCA CBDAC BDACD 21-40 BBADB BADBA CACDB ABDCB41-50 DDAAC BACCDⅡ.51-70 ACCBB DABCA CDDBA BDACD 71-80 ACBDB ACADBⅢ.81-100 DCCBA BADCA BAABD CCBDC--。