外研版英语初一下m11

Module 11 National heroesBuildvt. & vi. 修建, 建造;(感觉)逐渐增强; n. 体形, 结构They built another space station.他们又建了一个太空站。

He is a man of large build.arrive, get,reacharrive 和get 都是不及物动词，但可接here, there, home 之类的表地点的副词作状语。

1. arrive 之后通常接介词at (一般用于较小的地方)或in (一般用于较大的地方)。

如：We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们到车站晚了5 分钟。

They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎。

2. get 之后通常接介词to。

如：When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时，就开始下雨了。

在谈到火车、汽车等或乘客等到站时，通常用get in。

如：The bus gets in at five thirty. 汽车五点半到站。

■reach 通常是及物动词(较get 更正式)，其后可直接跟地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)。

如：He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。

注：reach 之后也可接here, there, home 等词。

如：When did he reach home yesterday? 昨天他什么时候到家?顺便说一句：reach 除可表示到达某地外，还用于其它意义的到达。

如：He has reached school age. 他已达到上学年龄。

Last形容词last作“最后的”、“唯一剩下的”、“最近过去的”、“极端的”等解：This is our last hope. 这是我们唯一剩下的希望。

Module 11 Body languageUnit 1 They touch noses!Lingling: We’re going to have some Russian teachers at school tomorrow, and I’m welcoming the visitors. How do I do that?Betty: Lingling, you know, in Russia, people usually kiss three times, left, right, left.Lingling: What! No, I didn’t know that. We Chinese often shake hands and smile when we meet visitors, and sometimes we nod our heads . But we neverkiss. Only parents and children do that.Betty: That’s because people do different things in diff erent countries. Lingling: So what do people in the US usually do when they meet?Betty: In the US some people shake hands, and some kiss or hug each other. In India people put their hands together and nod their heads. And do yourknow what Maori people in New Zealand do when they meet? Lingling: No, What do they do?Betty: They touch noses!Unit2 Here are some ways to welcome them.Body language around the worldby Wang Lingling Our new foreign students are going to arrive very soon, and here are some ways to welcome them.How close do you stand when you talk to a friend? You can stand too close to people in the Middle East but don’t stand too close to North American! Give them more personal space.How about touching people? Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends. South American sometimes hold your arm when they talk to you, so you can’t move away! But in Britain many people don’t like other people to touch them at all. Do you look at people when you ta lk? In some places, it isn’t polite to look at people when they talk, but in other countries it isn’t polite to look somewhere else. In Britainand the US, people usually look at each other when they talk.And how do you say goodbye? That’s easy, wave to s ay goodbye. But be careful! In Greece, it’s not at all polite! In fact, it’s very rude!Module 11bow[baʊ]v. 鞠躬; 弯腰kiss [kɪs]v. & n. 吻; 亲吻shake [ʃeɪk]v. ( shook ) 摇晃shake hands握手smile [smaɪl]v. & n.微笑British['brɪtɪʃ]adj. 英国的; 英国人的German['dʒɜːmən]n. 德国人; 德语adj. 德国的; 德国人的;德语的Japanese [,dʒæpə'ni:z]n. 日本人; 日语adj. 日本的; 日语的;日本人的Russian ['rʌʃ(ə)n] n. 俄罗斯人; 俄语adj. 俄罗斯的; 俄罗斯人的; 俄语的visitor ['vɪzɪtə] n. 游客; 观光者Russia ['rʌʃə] 俄罗斯what [wɒt]int. 什么(表示惊奇)nod[nɒd] v. 点(头)head [hed]n. 头; 头部hug [hʌg]v. 拥抱; 紧抱each[iːtʃ]pron. 各个; 每个each other互相; 彼此India ['ɪndɪə]印度together [tə'geðə]adv. 一起; 共同Maori ['mauri]adj. 毛利人的touch[tʌtʃ] v. 触摸; 接触nose [nəʊz]n. 鼻子finger ['fɪŋgə]n. 手指foot[fʊt] n. (pl. feet) 脚; 足knee[niː]n. 膝盖leg[leg]n. 腿mouth [maʊθ]n. 嘴; 口body['bɒdɪ] n. 身体; 躯干foreign['fɒrɪn] adj. 外国的North American 北美人personal['pɜːs(ə)n(ə)l] adj. 个人的arm[ɑːm]n. 臂; 手臂arm in arm臂挽臂地South American南美人hold [həʊld]v. ( held ) 握着; 使不动move[muːv] v. 移动Britain['brɪt(ə)n]不列颠; 英国not at all 一点也不polite [pə'laɪt]adj. 礼貌的somewhere['sʌmweə]adv. 某处; 某个地方wave [weɪv]v. 挥(手); 招(手); 摆(手)fact [fækt]n. 事实; 细节in fact事实上rude[ruːd]adj. 粗鲁的; 无礼的bring [brɪŋ]v. ( brought ) 带来。

MODULE 11 Body Language 基础知识1、body language 身体语言2、touch noses 碰鼻子3、nod one’s head 点头4、shake hands 握手shake hands with…和…握手5、That’s because那是因为……We didn’t go for a picnic. That’s because the weather was bad. 我们没有去野餐。

那是因为天气很糟糕。

The weather was bad. That’s why we didn’t go for a picnic. 天气很糟糕。

那就是我们没有去野餐的原因。

6、each other 互相所有格形式：each other’seach+ 名词单数每个……each of 后面接复数名词或代词复数，但做主语的时候，谓语要用单数。

Each of boys has to take one. 每一个男孩必须拿一个7、touch 作动词是，意为：接触、触摸、打动作名词时，意为：接触、联系、关系be/get in touch with 和…取得/保持联系keep in touch with 和…保持联系8、foreign student 外国学生9、stand close to 站得近10、talk to 与……交谈talk with 和……交谈talk about 谈论11、not at all 一点也不, 没关系12、say goodbye 道别say goodbye to 向…道别，向…分手say hello to 和…打招呼say sorry to 向…道歉13. put … together 把……放在一起14. It’s polite to do sth 做某事是礼貌的It’s + adj.+ to do sth 做某事是……此结构的形容词：easy, important, difficult, interesting15、in fact 事实上16. wave to sb 向某人招手wave goodbye/wave to say goodbye 招手道别17、be late for class 上课迟到be late to do sth 做…迟到18、move away 离开，搬走move on 继续移动move about 开来走去19、arm in arm 臂挽臂hand in hand 手拉手face to face 面对面shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩20、be careful 小心be careful with/of 小心对待21、class rule 班规school/family rule 校规/家规22、be rude to sb 对某人粗鲁23、stand in line 站成一排24、enter the lab alone 独自进入实验室25、on time 准时，按时in time 及时26、hold on to 抓紧hold on 等一会儿hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸hold a meeting 开会take/catch hold of 抓住hold hands 手拉手hold back 阻止27、the way to do sth…做某事的方式，方法28. all right 好，形，不错29. remember to do sth 记得要做某事remember doing sth 记得做过某事30. personal space 私人空间31. like doing sth/ like to do sth 喜欢做某事like sb to do sth 喜欢某人做某事32. bring, take与carrybring 表示“拿来，带来”，指从别处把某人或某物带到说话人所在之处，经常和介词to连用take 表示“带走，拿走”，指从说话人所在地把某人或某物带走或拿走，经常和介词with 连用carry仅表示“携带，带着”，不含方向性。

Module 11 Body languageUnit 1 They touch noses!Lingling: We’re going to have some Russian teachers at school tomorrow, and I’m welcoming the visitors. How do I do that?Betty: Lingling, you know, in Russia, people usually kiss three times, left, right, left. Lingling: What! No, I didn’t know that. We Chinese often shake hands and smile when we meet visitors, and sometimes we nod our heads. But we never kiss. Only parents andchildren do that.Betty: That’s because people do different things in different countries.Lingling: So what do people in the US usually do when they meet?Betty: In the US some people shake hands, and some kiss or hug each other. In India people put their hands together and nod their heads. And do your know what Maori people inNew Zealand do when they meet?Lingling: No, What do they do?Betty: They touch noses!Questions：1. How many times does Russians kiss when they meet each other?_______________________________________________________________________________ 2. What do Chinese do when we meet visitors?_______________________________________________________________________________ 3. What do people in the US usually do when they meet?_______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Do India people put their hands together and nod their heads when they meet?_______________________________________________________________________________ 5. What do Maori people in New Zealand do when they meet?_______________________________________________________________________________ Unit2 Here are some ways to welcome them.Body language around the worldby Wang Lingling Our new foreign students are going to arrive very soon, and here are some ways to welcome them.How close do you stand when you talk to a friend? You can stand close to people in the Middle East but don’t stand too close to North American! Give them more personal space.How about touching people? Chinese girls often walk arm in arm with their friends. South American sometimes hold your arm when they talk to you, so you can’t move away! But in Britain many people don’t like other people to touch them at all.Do you look at people when you talk? In some places, it isn’t polite to look at people when they talk, but in other countries it isn’t polite to look somewhe re else. In Britain and the US, people usually look at each other when they talk.And how do you say goodbye? That’s easy, wave to say goodbye. But be careful! In Greece,it’s not at all polite! In fact, it’s very rude!Questions:1.Is body language the same in different countries?___________________________________________________________________________2.Is it all right to stand close to people in the Middle East?___________________________________________________________________________3.Do the British like touching people?___________________________________________________________________________4.Do Americans look at people when they talk?___________________________________________________________________________5.Do people in Greece wave goodbye?___________________________________________________________________________Unit 3The Japanese bowIn Japan, people bow to say ”thank you”, ”sorry”, ”hello”, ”goodbye”, ”you’re welcome”, ”excuse me” , and many other things. Children and young people bow lower when they greet older people. It’s a way of being polite and showing respect.答案：M11 U11. Three times.2. We Chinese often shake hands and smile when we meet visitors, and sometimes we nod our heads.3. In the US some people shake hands, and some kiss or hug each other.4. Yes, they do.5. They touch noses.M11 U21. No, it isn’t.2. Yes, it is.3. No, they don’t.4. Yes, they do.5. No, they don’t.。

七年级下册外研版英语m11知识点外研版七年级下册英语M11是语法知识的学习单元，主要包括现在进行时、一般现在时和句型基础知识的学习。

本文将详细介绍这些知识点的相关内容。

现在进行时现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，也可以表示正在发生的事件或情况。

中国学生在初中英语课程中常常被要求掌握现在进行时，所以这是学生们必须要学会的重要语法知识。

时态构成：be动词+现在分词affirmative：主语+am/is/are+现在分词e.g. I am studying English now.negative：主语+am not/isn't/aren't+现在分词e.g. I am not sleeping now.interrogative：am/is/are+主语+现在分词e.g. Are you watching TV now?注意：1. 现在进行时表示的是正在进行的动作，所以一定用正在进行的时候。

例外情况是，如果对动作进行描述时期间没有进行时态，可以使用一般现在时或者一般过去时；2.现在进行时可以表示动作发生的趋势。

e.g. She’s always talking about shopping for clothes.（她总是谈论购物）一般现在时一般现在时用于表示经常性的动作、状态、或者事实。

这一时态常常在口语和写作中被使用。

时态构成：主语+动词原形affirmative：主语+V原形+s/ese.g. I exercise regularly.（我经常锻炼身体）negative：主语+do/does+not+ 动词原形e.g. I do not smoke.（我不吸烟）interrogative：Do/does+主语+动词原形e.g. Do you live in Beijing?（你住在北京吗？）注意：一般现在时用于表示经常性的动作、状态、或者事实，通常不与时间状语连用。

句型基础知识了解英语中常用的句型基础知识，有助于我们更好地理解和使用英语句式。

M11-M12知识点概要语法知识点总结：一、祈使句定义：祈使句用来表达叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、请求或命令等.特点：无主语；无时态结构：1、肯定句:动词原形开头例句：Please be careful。

Wave to say goodbye。

2、否定句：Don’t+动词原形例句:Don’t be late. Don't stand too close.二、感叹句定义:表达一种较为强烈的情感，如喜悦、赞叹、惊讶、愤怒、厌恶等.结构：What+强调或感叹的部分+（句子的主语或谓语动词）1. What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+（句子的主语或谓语动词)例句：What a cute dog (it is）!2。

What+形容词+可数名词复数+(句子的主语或谓语动词例句：What beautiful flowers (they are）！3.What+形容词+不可数名词+（句子的主语或谓语动词）例句:What delicious milk (it is）!注意:感叹句还有另一种表达方式，即How+形容词+句子主语+谓语动词例句:How cute the dog is! How beautiful the flowers they are!How delicious the milk is!三、选择疑问句定义：在问句中提供两个或两个以上可选答案的问句叫做选择疑问句.选择疑问句的两种或两种以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能用yes或no。

而是选择一个或两个答案回答。

例句：Is this by Strauss or Mozart？—--It’s by Strauss。

Do you like apples or bananas？---I like apples。

语法知识点练习:1. get off the bus when it stops.A. Not B。

Don’t C. Doesn’t D。

Didn't 2。

外研版七年级下册英语第一模块《M1. Lost andfound 》重要知识点总结M1U1 ：（1）lose 的过去式、过去分词都为lostfind 过去式、过去分词都为foundlost and found box/office 失物招领箱/ 处常见用法:lose things/face/confidence（信心）be/get lost 迷路（2）an eraser 一块橡皮（3）two pairsof gloves 两副手套（4）Welcome （动词）（back） to sp. ... 欢迎（返）回某地welcome 后接副词home/here/there 等时，不加介词toeg. Welcome （动词）home.You 're always welcome（形容词） at our house. 随时都欢迎你到我们家。

They gave us a warm welcome（名词）。

他们给予我们热烈的欢迎。

（5）first of all 首先，强调顺序; above all 首先，最重要的是,强调重要性。

（6）look（动词） at=have a look（名词） at 看一下（7）I think （省略了起连接作用却没有词义的that） it 's Betty 's.该句为宾语从句,相当于in my opinion.（9）be careful with sth “小心（对待）/保管某物”be careful of/about sb./sth. “小心/当心某人/物”be careful （not） to do sth. “小心（不）做某事”（10）from now/then/1982 on 从现在/那时/1982 年开始（9）Here be（is/are）... “...... 在这”，be 动词遵循语法的“就近原则” ，同there be 句型。

eg.S1.Here isan eraser. S2.Here aretwo purple wallets.M1U2 ：（1）at the lost and found office 在失物招领处（2）look for 有目的地寻找，强调动作&find 强调结果，意为“找到” 。

Module 11 National heroesBuildvt. & vi, 修建,建造；〔感觉〕逐渐增强； n.体形,结构They built another space station.他们又建了——个太空站.He is a man of large build.arrive, get,reacharrive 和get都是不及物动词,但可接here, there, home 之类的表地点的副词作状语.1.arrive之后通常接介词at 〔一般用于较小的地方〕或in 〔一般用于较大的地方〕.如：We arrived at the station five minutes late.我们至U车站晚了5 分钟.They will arrive in Paris next Monday,他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎.2.get之后通常接介词to.如：When we got to the park, it began to rain.我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了.在谈到火车、汽车等或乘客等到站时,通常用get in.如：The bus gets in at five thirty.汽车五点半到站.■reach通常是及物动词〔较get更正式〕,其后可直接跟地点名词作宾语〔不能用介词〕.如: He reached Beijing yesterday.他昨天至U达北京.注：reach 之后也可接here, there, home 等词.如：When did he reach home yesterday?昨天他什么时候到家？顺便说一句：reach除可表示到达某地外,还用于其它意义的到达.如：He has reached school age.他已达至^上学年龄.Last形容词last作“最后的〞、“唯一剩下的、“最近过去的〞、“极端的〞等解：This is our last hope.这是我们唯一剩下的希望.This problem is of the last importance.这个问题极为重要.形容词last的转义用法,应译为“最根？的〞、“决不至于?？〞：He is the last person to do such a thing.他决不会干这种事.副词lastI shall speak last at the meeting.我将会在会上最后发言.不及物动词last作“持续〞、“延续〞、“维持〞解：The rain lasted two days. 连续下雨两天.注：由动词-ing形式转化为形动词lasting ,作“持久的〞解.There is a lasting friendship between the two countries.两国之间存在着持久的友谊.start的用法l.start在以下情况下常接不定式,不接动名词：〔1 〕主语是无生命的事物,而不是人时.如：The ice started to melt.冰开始融化了.〔2 〕当start后接表示心理状态或精神活动的动词时.如：Mary started to guess what is in the bag.玛丽开始猜包里有什么东西了.2.具有及物动词词性和不及物物动词词性.如：What time do you start school ? 你是什么时候开始上学的？His work starts at half past eight and finishes at a quarter to five.他的工作八点半开始,四点四十五分结束.3.start with 意为“从?？开始〞.如：Which lesson shall I begin / start with ?我应从哪一课开始?complete 与finish 用法辨析1.两者都可表示“完成’,有时可作为同义词通用.The writer has completed [finished] his novel.这个作家已写完了他的/」、说.3.finish在用于以下场合时,一般不用complete代替：(1)后接动名词,表示“结束〞或“做完某事〞时：Have you not finished speaking?你还没讲完吗？⑵用作不及物动词,表示“结束’或"完成’时：He didn 't finish in time 他.没有及时完成.(3)用过去分词作表语,表示“准备好了〞、“做完了〞时：At last she is finished too.最后她也做完了.work-Where does Mr Smith work ?— He works in a glass around here.A. workB. worksC. workingD. workes1.表示“工作〞,是不可数名词：He has too much work to do.他要做的工作太多.2.表示“著作〞或“作品〞,是可数名词,但多用复数：The man gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers.他通过印刷著名作家的作品而赢得他的财富.3.表示“工厂〞,只用复数形式,但可表示单数意义：The glass works is [are] near the station. 玻璃工厂在车站附近.类似地注意以下各名词因变为复数形式,而导致含义有变化：green 绿色greens 青菜,蔬菜wood 木头,木材woods 小树林arm 臂arms 武器water水waters 河川,海,温泉die用法小结die意为“死’,表示生命的结束,是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态；强调动作,是瞬间动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用.His father died five years ago.他父亲去世五年了.Plants and people die without water.没有水,植物就要枯死,人就要渴死.die可以用于进行时态,表示“即将死去；奄奄一息〞.例如：He is dying. 他快要死了.die的形容词形式是dead ,意为“死的〞,可作表语或定语.作表语时,表示状态.例如: The ground was covered with dead flowers.地上覆盖着凋落的花.die的名词形式是death ,意为“死亡’.例如：His mother's death was a great blow to him.他母亲的去世对他是一个巨大的打击.・常用短语die from 意为“由于?？而死〞,但一般常用于由外伤、衰老引起的死亡.The old man died from a car accident last year.这个老人去年死于一场车祸.die of意思同die from ,但它一般指由于疾病、情感等原因引起的死亡.His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992. 他的祖父1992 年死于肝癌.die out意为“〔家族、物种等〕灭绝；绝迹“.Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago.恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了.take part in 与join 和join in 的区别 1. take part intake part in 意为“参力口,参与〔某事物或某活动,如movement, revolution, meeting, conference,conversation, war 等〕〞.How many countries will take part in the World Cup?有多少个国家要参加世界杯？2.joinjoin意为“参加〔某组织〕,参加〔某处任职〕,参加到某个人群中去,从而成为其中一员〞 Shejoined a health club J M#加了一个健身俱乐部. We both joined the Labor Party .我们俩都参加了3.join injoin sb. In sth. join in sth. / doing sth. 意为“参力『,后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或V-ing .例如：Can I join in the game?我可以参加这个游戏吗？They all join in singing the song.他们一起唱这首歌.用take part in, join 和join in的适当形式填空.1.My brother the army in 2022.2.I didn't want to their argument.3.May I the competition?4.We are playing football. Do you want to?5.You are welcome to us.。

一、根据汉语意思完成句子。

1.有时候我们见面时点点头。

We sometimes when we meet.2.不同的国家有不同的风俗习惯。

There are different customs .3.那是因为你不够细心。

you are not careful enough.4.在美国，一些人喜欢互相拥抱和亲吻。

In the USA, some people like to or kiss.5.他们是我最好朋友的父母。

They are my .6.当与别人交谈的时候，你不要走开。

when you talk to others.7.中国女孩子喜欢挽着朋友的胳膊走路。

Chinese girls like to walk with their friends.8.在英国，许多人根本不喜欢别人碰触到他们。

In Britain, many people like other people to touch them .二、用所给词的正确形式填空。

1.They are some (Russia) people.2.Many (visit) came to the Great Wall and took photos.3.People usually kiss three (time), left, right, left.4.There are a lot of (country) in the world.5.It’s polite to shake (hand) when people meet.6.Here (be) some ways to welcome them.7.How about (touch) people?8.It is impolite (look) at people on some places.9.Don’t (stand) too close to North Americans.10.You should be (politely) to the teachers.11.It’s (danger) to wave goodbye to Greece people.12.It’s an important meeting. (not, be) late.13. (not, make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.14. (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and (be) polite.15. (not, talk) and (read) aloud.16. (not, leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.17. (look) out! A car is coming.18. (Russia) kiss each other three times when they meet.19.It’s not right (wave) goodbye in Greece.20.It’s a way of (be) polite and showing respect.21.It’s (importance) to learn English well.22.You cannot (bring) food or drink to the classroom.23.Don’t say (something) too personal.24.Open doors for (other).25.In South America, they like (hold) on to you.三、按要求改写句子。

Module111.bow 鞠躬；弯腰2.kiss 吻；亲吻3.shake 摇晃4.shake hands 握手5.smile 微笑6.British 英国的；英国人的7.German德国人；德语；德国的；德国人的；德语的8.Japanese 日本人；日语；日本的；日语的；日本人的9.Russian 俄罗斯人；俄语；俄罗斯的；俄罗斯人的；俄语的10.visitor 游客；观光者11.Russia 俄罗斯12.what 什么（表示惊奇）13.nod 点（头）14.head 头；头部15.hug 拥抱；紧抱16.each 各个；每个17.each other 互相；彼此18.India 印度19.together 一起；共同20.Maori 毛利人的21.touch 触摸；接触22.nose 鼻子23.finger 手指24.foot 脚；足pl. feet25.knee 膝盖26.leg 腿27.mouth 嘴；口28.body 身体；躯干29.foreign 外国的30.North American 北美人31.personal 个人的32.arm 臂；手臂33.arm in arm 臂挽臂地34.South American 南美人35.hold 握着；使不动36.move 移动37.Britain不列颠；英国38.not at all 一点也不39.polite 礼貌的40.somewhere 某处；某个地方41.wave 挥（手）；招（手）；摆（手）42.fact 事实；细节43.in fact 事实上44.rude 祖鲁的；无礼的45.bring 带来。