“吃吃喝喝”的英文表达

中华文化英文讲系列：吃吃喝喝的那些事儿作者：李晶来源：《新东方英语》2017年第05期南方温暖、湿润、多雨的气候适宜水稻、糯稻种植，因此南方人喜食大米、糯米，并且用大米、糯米制作出了很多主食种类。

相较于南方，北方相对干旱、寒冷，雨水较少，这样的气候适合小麦种植。

用小麦碾出的面粉在勤劳的中国人手中被制成了丰富多样的主食。

以上概述可以用英文表达如下。

As the mild， moist and wet climate in Southern China is suitable for growing rice and glutinous rice， people there like to eat these two types of grain， making a variety of staple foods from them. Compared to Southern China， Northern China is relatively dry and cold with less rain， hence it grows wheat well. Wheat is ground into flour to make a wide range of staple foods， such as pancakes， noodles， dumplings and wontons.“饅头”的一种英文翻译是steamed bread，直译过来就是“蒸面包”。

这个翻译很有意思：bread其实是“烤”（bake）出来的，而这里却说“蒸面包”，有时候会让英美人士摸不着头脑，不知道到底是什么意思。

还有一种翻译是steamed bun，bun这个词也是“面包”的意思，《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》（以下简称《柯林斯》）的解释是：“Buns are small bread rolls. They are sometimes sweet and may contain dried fruit or spices.”通过对这些英文单词的探究，我们感觉这两种翻译都不能准确完整地表达“馒头”的含义。

这是流传在网上的口语最常见句子228，多数是真的有些是假的。

未改动的表示赞同，有改动和说明的我用绿色标明了。

有一轮暑期课呢我狠狠的迟到了30分钟，当时在心里已经给各位同学跪过了，于是做了这个文档用来赎罪，今天缅甸传来喜讯，开心的不行，就粘出来给大家瞧瞧，表示同喜同喜哈。

1．It's up to you.（由你決定。

）2．I envy you.（我羡慕你。

）3．How can I get in touch with you? / How can I contact you? / How can I reach you? (我如何與您連絡)4．Where can I wash my hands? （請問洗手間在哪里？）或可说：Where is the bathroom/toilet/ladies’/men’s?5．What's the weather like today?（今天天氣如何？）6．Where are you headed? （你要到哪里去？）回答：Heading off to... (e.g. get drunk)7．I wasn't born yesterday.（我又不是三歲小孩。

）8．What do you do for relaxation ?（你做什麼消遣？）没听过真实世界的口语有这么说的，但非常像雅思考题的说。

9．It’s a small world.（世界真小！）10．It’s my tr eat this time.（這次我請客！）11．The sooner the better. （越快越好。

）或可直接说ASAP，这个缩写是口语和写作公用的。

12．When is the most convenient time for you?或可说：When is a good time for you?/ What would be a good time for you?13．Take your time.（慢慢來/別著急。

餐桌上常用的英语对话每逢佳节聚会，英美人常欢聚一堂。

那么餐桌上的英语对话有哪些呢?下面就跟一起来看看吧!一、用(Here's)to 表示：1.Here's to your health / suess. 为你的安康 / 成功干杯!2.Here's to our friendship! 为我们的友谊干杯!3.Here's to Tom for his new job! 为汤姆的新工作干杯!二、用health, luck等表示：Good health! Good luck! All the best!例如：1.Your health, John—May you have a suessful time in Manchester!为了你的安康，约翰，也祝你在曼彻斯特前程似锦!2.Helen raised her glass，“Good luck to you!” she said. 海伦举起酒杯，说道：“祝你好运!”三、主人或主持人邀客人喝酒时，通常用Cheers! Do the honors!例如：1.He raised his glass，“May you suess! Cheers!” 他举起酒杯说：“祝你成功，干杯!”2.Pat, you do the honors and propose the toast. 帕特，你敬酒吧。

四、在比拟随便的场合，通常用Here's how!还有Happy landing!(美俚，原为空军用语)等。

例如：Oh，e, e，David.Here's how!噢，来呀，来呀，大卫，干杯!五、在比拟正式的场合，英美人有时也用一些外来语。

例如：Prosit!(拉丁语，意为May it do good! To your health/ good luck! etc. )六、在陈述句中，英美语通常用toast，round, drink to，drink a toast for / to, propose a toast for 等词表示。

外教一对一身为一个吃货，你得知道这些英文表达!a can of coke 一罐可乐E.g. I justhad a can of coke, and I can't help burping.我刚喝了一罐可乐，现在止不住地打嗝。

a bowl of rice 一碗米饭two bowls of rice 两碗米饭a pinch of salt 一小把盐把你的大拇指和食指捏在一起的一把盐a carton of milk 一盒牛奶a slice of cake 一块蛋糕a bar of chocolate/soap 一块巧克力/一块香皂a loaf of bread 一条面包a piece of cheese 一块奶酪这些表达你会了吗?我们来看看 foodie 的定义Foodie n.美食家E.g. Foodies are people who enjoy cooking and eating different kinds of food.你是个合格的美食家(吃货)吗?你喜欢做饭吗?做饭里的煎炸煮烤都怎么说?Grill n.烤架/ v. 烤;追问、盘问E.g. Apart from corns, many other vegetables grill well.除了玉米，很多其他蔬菜也适于烧烤。

Marinate v. 腌制外教一对一 E.g. Marinate the chicken for 4 hours before cooking.做饭前把鸡肉腌4个小时。

Smoked 烟熏的Smoked salmon 烟熏三文鱼Steam 蒸E.g. Steam the carrots until they are just beginning to be tender.把胡萝卜蒸到刚好变软。

Fry 炸E.g. I couldsmell onions frying. 我闻到了炸洋葱的味道Stir-fry 炒菜;爆炒 stir-fried vegetablesDeep fry 油炸Bake v.烘焙;烤箱烤E.g. I'm baking some bread.Mashed a. 捣烂的Mashed potatoes土豆泥那么除了这些正经的和吃的相关的表达之外，你还得知道一些与食物相关的习语。

吃饭喝汤，这是我们每天都要做的事，⼈是铁饭是钢嘛！这⼀次我们就来看看这些“吃吃喝喝”在英⽂⾥都怎么表⽰。

1. What do you want have for lunch？ 你午饭想吃什么？ 说到“吃”，⼤家⾸先想到的是eat这个词。

Eat强调的是“吃”的动作，⽐如“我刚吃了⼀个苹果”就可以说I just ate an apple. Eat通常和表⽰⾷物的词⼀起⽤，⽐如eat bread，eat chicken等等。

Eat 还可以和dinner⼀起⽤：eat （one's）dinner. 表⽰“吃”的还有take 和have两个词。

Take主要是⽤来表⽰“吃药”的，take medicine；但是在英格兰，⼈们也说take dinner. Have 则是个中性词，可以与各种⾷物搭配，什么东西都可以⽤have，⽐如have an apple吃苹果，have dinner吃正餐，have medicine吃药，have soup喝汤，have tea喝茶，have a drink喝酒、喝⽔，have breakfast吃早饭，have a meal吃饭，have a candy吃糖等等。

2. What do you like to drink？ 想要喝什么？ ⼀般餐厅的习惯（除了外卖快餐的），吃饭时都会点⼀些饮料（在中国就是茶⽔盛⾏）。

侍者⼀般都会问 What do you like to drink. 或者 Can I get you something to drink？这个drink专指的是“喝”饮品类的东西，通常饮品⾥⾯不会有其它的固体（可乐加冰当然除外）。

3. What kind of soup do you want to eat？ 您想喝什么汤？ 吃饭时喝汤是不独是中国⼈的饮⾷习惯。

⽼外也喜欢，譬如餐前“开胃汤”之类的东西。

汉语中我们说“喝汤”，英语中却是说“吃汤（eat soup）”。

中华文化英文讲系列(7):咜咜緣緣的那些事几“民^食#天”的变迁◎文/李晶国人历来重视“吃”。

“吃喝”在中华文化| I |中所占据的地位不亚于哲学、艺术等任何一个领域。

中国有句古话叫“民以食为天”，非常形象地反映了中国人对待饮食的态度。

用当代的 流行语来说中国是一个“吃货的民族”，这不为过。

如果和老外谈论起中国“吃喝”方面的内容，该如何 用英语表达呢？尤其是“民以食为天”和“吃货”该 怎么表达呢？“民以食为E ”的转诨我们先来看看“民以食为天”该如何表达吧。

在 英汉两种语言转换中，很多话语都没有完全一一对应， 这一点在文化领域的交流中尤为明显。

在不同的文化语 境中，相同的抽象语义所用的隐喻意象可能不同。

就说 “民以食为天”这句话，它其实跟“天”没多大关系， 只是为了表达对于“食”这件事，中国人看得跟“天”一样重要。

换句话说，就是通过“天”这个意象形象 地说明“食”对人们生存和发展的必要性。

那么，我 们在翻译中就不能直译为：“People regard food as thesky .”这是要闹笑话的，英美人士听了一定会呆萌地看着你，不明就里。

此时我们不如将这句话所表达的抽 象含义明白无误地表达出来，译为：“Food is the firstnecessity of the people .”这个翻译基本把“食物是人的第一所需”这个意思表达出来了。

但是这个翻译并不完美，没有体现出这句俗语背后 的内涵。

“民以食为天”这句话有其深刻的文化渊源。

大家知道，中国古代是农业社会，食品的来源直接或间 接来自土地。

在科技水平不髙的古代，由于天灾频繁， 普通民众鲜有食物充盈的时候，这句俗语更体现了人 们对食品的渴望。

这样一来，first、necessity 就不能完 全表达这一深刻的含义。

那么，我们来看两个和first 、necessity 类似的词：primal 和want 。

我们看看Longman0/说对 p rimal 和 w ant 这两个词的解释。

英语用餐一些口语Useful wordsdrink 饮料：饮料：mineral water 矿泉水orange juice 桔子原汁beer 啤酒wine 葡萄酒Rice wine 米酒distillate ['distilit] spirits [‘spirit]白酒[‘spirit]白酒alcohol concentration 酒精浓度champagne [ʃæm‘pein]香槟酒[ʃpein]香槟酒cocktail [’kɔkteil]鸡尾酒[’ kteil]鸡尾酒vodka ['vɔdkə]伏特加['vɔdkə]伏特加whisky [’wiski]威士忌[’wiski]威士忌brandy [‘brændi]白兰地[‘brændi]白兰地cognac ['kəunjæk]法国白兰地['kəunjæk]法国白兰地gin [dʒin]杜松子酒[dʒin]杜松子酒martini [mɑ:'ti:ni] 马提尼酒[m ɑlupulus [‘lu:pjuləs] 啤酒花rumNapkin 餐巾Soup spoon汤匙spoon汤匙Knife刀Knife刀Fork叉子Fork叉子Condiments 调味品eggs sunny side up 1. to fry eggs sunny-side up: 煎一面的荷包蛋sunny2. I want my eggs sunny-side up.: 我要我的蛋sunny只煎一面Delicious 美味的，可口的Tasty 可口的，好吃的Crispy 卷曲的，松脆的Cole slaw 卷心菜丝Hospitality 好客，热情款待Hit the spot 合口味点菜就餐的典型次序找一张桌子坐下－看菜单－点菜－付钱－离开。

英语语言的表达基本上也是依照次顺序。

“订餐”在英文中有两种说法，即to book a table 和make a reservation．在英国以及在其它很多国家，餐厅一般划分为吸烟区和非吸烟区。

我喝我的清茶中文：王书春他饮他的花酒，我喝我的清茶。

人生，需要一种境界：自我安定。

面对别人的成功和荣耀，我喝我的清茶。

我明白那掌声已有所属，匆匆忙忙赶过去，不会有成功等着你。

还是自己再创业绩吧，跟着别人永远只能摸着成功的尾巴。

凡事不逃避，我喝我的清茶，荷花居污泥而不染，若为怕水污而种在旱地上，它早就枯死了。

人生也一样，避恶、避丑、避邪，只能说明心灵脆弱，一个自我安定的人，是不怕环境污染自己的，而有力量影响他人。

古代孟母三迁是为了怕孩子受影响，要为了自己就没有必要逃避了，后来孟子长大成人后也没听说孟母再搬家。

自我安定可不是找一个安宁的所在，而恰恰是在紊乱的环境中保持安定的心境。

“定”是一种境界，是居于多变之中的不动摇。

只有达到这一境界，才能掌握自己的方向，才能做到：“他饮他的花酒，我喝我的清茶。

”A版本：While others indulging in wining and dining, I'm just content the pleasure of drinking plain tea. Because I know life sometimes is in want of a mentality of calmness.While others rejoicing their success and glory, I 'm simply standing aloof at ease enjoying a cup of plain tea. Since the applause having belonged to others, the slavish imitation could just make no success therefore I 'd rather carve out a career for myself.I 'm gratified with the life with plain tea and never escape from any adversity. I admire the lotus flower in the mud without being tainted would wither and die if it grew on the land for fear of sewage. The evils, ugliness, and risks, are the mud in our life testing our human fragility not necessary to shirk them. Because a man with a peaceful interior world fears no nasty environment and dears to improve it and bring benefits to others by his own strength. To shun the bad influence in the neighborhood, Mencius's mother had made three removals in his childhood .History shows no record of any more removals after he grew up.Serenity doesn't merely mean a quiet residence but keep a serene life in a messy surrounding. It is a state of mind standing to one's own resolution in such a fickle world so that we can be the master of our destiny, i.e., "Contenting with a cup of plain tea while others indulging in the best wine".B版本：Contenting Myself with Plain TeaHuman life, it seems to me, needs a placidity of mind. While others may be winning and dining, I am content with my plain tea. Not dazzled by other people’s aura of success and glamour, I will indulge in my simple pleasure. Clearly aware where the credit goes, I will not join in the rush in the vain hope of accepting the prize to be handed to me on a plate. The best a blind follower can do is tailing after the winners. The only alternative is to create wonders of one’s own.I stick to the pureness of my pleasure, never escaping from reality. The lotus grows in the mud without being tainted. If, to avoid the dirt, one plants it on dry clean ground, it simply will not grow. The same holds true for human beings. Shrinking from what is ugly, vile and evil only prov es the frailty of one’s character. A person in full possession of mental serenity never stands in fear of being mentally contaminated by the filthy environment. On the contrary, he can exercise positive influences all around. Mencius’s mother made three re movals during his childhood to keep him away from bad influences, which did not pose any problem for her. History does not record any more of such removals after he grew up. Enjoying the tranquility of mind does not mean hiding oneself in a haven. What is meant is the maintenance of such a mental state in the midst of chaos, i.e. moral immovability amidst kaleidoscopic changes. Only a person who has attained his plane can be a real master of his destiny, contenting himself with the purest and simplest pleasure.C版本：I am Content to Drink my Plain TeaBy Wang ShuchunLet others make merry with the best wines; I am content to drink my plain tea. In life we need to keep a tranquil mood.While others revel in their success and glory, I drink my plain tea in contentment. Knowing that the applause has gone to whom it belongs, I won’t rush over in the hope of tumbling on success also. Instead, I will make a solid effort to accomplish my own goal. Those who follow others will always fall short of success.I always confront the reality over a cup of plain tea. The lotus, though growing in mud, emerges unsullied from the filth. If, for fear that it should get soiled, one had planted it on dry land, it would have long withered away. The same is true with life. Only a weak mind is afraid of encountering ugliness, vices and evils. A person with a tranquil frame of mind will not fear the adverse influence from people around him. Instead he is strong enough to exert a positive influence on them. In ancient times, Mencius’ mother moved three times to shun the bad influence from the neighborhood on her son’s upbringing. She did not do that for her own sake, for there was no need to. After Mencius had grown up, she did not move even once.【齐冉译评】王书春先生这篇散文主要是通过对比两种不同的生活方式而向读者展现他对生活的态度。

日常生活英语生活英语系列1---问候Greetings【基本句型】1) Hello!你好!2) How are you?你好吗?3) How do you do?你好!4) Good morning / afternoon / evening!早上/下午/晚上好!【用法解释】1) Hello, Hi是见面时常用的问候语，用于非正式场合。

Hi后可只称名，不称姓。

2) Good morning.和Good evening.在正式场合和非正式场合都可以使用。

3) How do you do?用在非常正式的场合，而且双方是首次见面。

回答仍用:How do you do?对问候语的回答，许多是对原话进行重复，如对“Hello, Hi, Good morning.”等的回答。

4) How are you?你好吗?指的是健康状况。

回答不是对原话的重复，也不需要按照实际情况认真回答，一般回答: Fine,thank you. And you?很好，谢谢。

你呢?生活英语系列2---介绍Introductions自我介绍Self-introduction【基本句型】1) May I introduce myself? I'm.…我可以自我介绍吗?我叫....,2) Let me introduce myself.请让我自我介绍一下。

3) Hello. My name is...你好，我叫……。

4) Nice to meet you.很高兴见到你。

【用法解释】1)May I introduce myself?和Iet me introduce myself.属于较正式的自我介绍;随便一点时，可用Hello, I'm....或直接用My name is....2) Nice to meet you, too.是对Nice to meet you.的回答，表示“我也很高兴见到你。

”简略回答时，只需说:Me too.《谷雨单词王》被无数人追捧、让无数人叹服介绍他人Introducing Others【基本句型】1) This is...这是……。