名词从句考点
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名词性从句第一节主语从句引导主语从句的连接词有:that, whether, who, which, what, when, where, how, why等That she was invited to the ball made her very happy.Whether he will come to the ball has nothing to do with me.Whoever wants to see the film may get a ticket free.Which team will win the match is still unknown.What interests you doesn’t interest him.Where they had stayed was still unknown.When they will have a meeting hasn’t been decided.注意:1从句作主语谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
Who will go is not important.2为了调节句子平衡,常用it作形式主语。
It i s a pity that he didn’t come yesterday.It’s necessary that every League member (should) take the lead and work well.It’s suggested that a modern hotel (should) be put up at the foot of the hill.3陈述句部分的主语是从句时,其反意疑问句部分的主语用it.How he became a scientist is known to us all, isn’t it?第二节宾语从句作动词、介词或形容词宾语的从句。
以连词 that who whom whose what 等引导,在句子中充当宾语I think (that) you will like the pictures.I feel it important that they finish their own task in time.They are worrying about whether they can get there in time.You can write about whatever topic you can think of.一宾语从句三原则:语序;时态;引导词。
高中英语语法:名词性从句知识汇总在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。
因此,我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。
当名词性从句要采用陈述句语序。
由一个含疑问意义的连词引起时,必须将该连词放在名词性从句的开头,且该从句语序不能倒装。
一、引导名词性从句的关联词引导名词性从句的关联词大致相同,它们分别是:连词:that, whether, if;关系代词:who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever;关系副词:when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever。
引导从句时一般不用逗号和主句分开。
连词that在从句中不作成分,不含疑问意义;而wh-连词在从句中作成分,且含有疑问意义;或what/where从句相当于一个名词后加一个定语从句。
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.她的头发在变白令她有点担忧。
(that在从句中只起引导词作用,不作成分)What caused the accident is still a complete mystery.事故发生的原因仍然是个不解之谜。
(What在从句中作主语)2、that与whether引导名词性从句的区别。
(1)动词doubt表示“怀疑、不知道”解时,肯定句接whether引导的宾语从句;否定句don’t doubt和疑问句Do you doubt要接that引导的从句。
I don’t doubt that he will come soon.我不怀疑他不久会来。
(此处不用whether)Can you doubt that he will win?你怀疑他会赢吗?(此处不用whether)比较:doubt表示“不信”解时,表示强烈的不相信时,在陈述句中可接that从句。
名词性从句知识点总结在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一.主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。
被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。
例如:a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。
(强调句型)d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。
(强调句型)2. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is +名词+从句It is a fact that …事实是…It is an honor that …非常荣幸It is common knowledge that …是常识(2) It is +形容词+从句It is natural that…很自然…It is strange that…奇怪的是…(3) It is +不及物动词+从句It seems that…似乎…It happened that…碰巧…It appears that…似乎…(4) It +过去分词+从句It is reported that…据报道…It has been proved that…已证实…It is said that…据说…3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况:(1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
名词性从句名词性从句指在复合句中起名词作用的从句,它在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
名词性从句既是中学英语教学的重点,也是高考考查的热点。
一、名词性从句的分类名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
其连接词有that, if, whether;连接代词who, what, which;连接副词when, where, how, why等。
考查热点一:对主语从句的考查主语从句在复合句中充当主语,它可以放在主句谓语动词之前。
但为了保持句子平衡,多数情况下可用it作形式主语,而把主语从句置于句尾。
考查热点二:对宾语从句的考查宾语从句在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
如果主句的谓语动词是及物动make, find, see, think等,则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后,用it作形式宾语。
另外,某些作表语的形容词,如sure, happy, glad, certain 等之后也可以带宾语从句。
考查热点三:对表语从句的考查表语从句在句子中作表语,位于主句中的系动词之后。
一、什么是表语(predicative)在形式上,位于系动词后的就是表语。
从含义上讲,表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。
即是指“是”字句“是”字后面的成分。
表语就是起表述作用的句子成分。
它修饰的是主语。
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的。
表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。
表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、动词的-ed、从句来充当,它常位于连系动词(be, become, appear, seem等)之后。
Albert Einstein was a famous professor of physics.二、不定式、动名词与分词作表语的区别不定式和动名词作表语相当于一个名词作表语,含义是回答主语“是什么”;分词作表语相当于形容词作表语,含义是回答主语“怎么样”。
考点七十名词性从句1.名词性从句必须采用陈述语序。
①I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
②She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
2.it充当形式主语或宾语:在名词性从句中,为了使句子保持平衡,常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句,而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面,尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此句式中。
①It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
②I find it strange that she doesn’t want to travel.她竟不想旅游,我觉得很奇怪。
3.在名词性从句中that与what的差异:what在从句中要充当某个成分(主语、宾语或表语),在任何情况下都不能省略,表示"(=the thing or things that...; whatever)……的事物;无论什么;凡是……的事物"。
that本身没有词汇意义,在从句中不充当任何成分,在口语和非正式文件中,宾语从句中的that常常省略。
①What you have done might do harm to others.你所做的事或许对别人有害处。
②I spent what little time I had with my family.我仅有的一点儿时间都和家人在一起度过了。
③No one knows what will happen next.谁也不知道下一步有什么事。
④I think(that) you will like the stamps.我认为你会喜欢这些邮票的。
4.whether和if的差异:(1)引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句,只能采用whether。
☞Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。