专业英语(交通信息工程及控制)完整版.

30th Highest Hourly Volume，30HV 第30最高小时交通量3-Leg Interchange 三路立体交叉3-Leg Intersection 三路交叉AA.M. Peak Period 早高峰Absolute speed limit 绝对速限Abutting property 邻街建筑物Acceleration Lane 加速车道Access 出入口Access Control 出入管制；进出管制Access ramp 出入引道Accessibility 可及性Accident 肇事；事故；意外事件Accident (Crash) Rate 事故率Accident (Crash) Severity 事故严重性Accident Analysis 事故分析；意外分析；肇事分析Accident Assessment 事故鉴定Accident Casualty 事故伤亡Accident Cause 事故原因Accident Characteristics 肇事特性Accident Hazardous Location 易肇祸路段Accident Investigation 事故调查Accident Prone Location 易肇事地点Accuracy 精度Actual travel time 实际行驶时间Adaptive route choice 适应性路线选择Advanced driver information system ADIS 先进驾驶员信息系统Advanced Traffic Management Services ATMS 先进交通管理服务Advanced Traveler Information Services ATIS 先进路人信息服务Advanced vehicle control system 先进车辆控制系统Aerial Map 航测图Aerial perspective 鸟噉图；空中透视Overload, Overloading 超载Air resistance 空气阻力Alignment Design 路线设计；定线设计Algorithm 运算法则All-day Service 全天候服务Alley 巷；道Allowable Bearing Capacity 容许承载量Allowable load 容许载重Alternate Method 替代方法Alternative(s) 替代（换）方案American Concrete Institute ACI 美国混凝土学会；美国混凝土研究会American Federal Highway Administration FHWA 美国联邦公路总署American Institute of Transportation Engineers ITE 美国交通工程师学会American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE 美国土木工程师协会Amplification effect放大效应Amplifier 扩大器Annual Average Daily Traffic, AADT 年平均日交通量Annual budget 年度预算Annual Traffic 年交通量Appropriate measures 适当防制措施Arc 弧线Arrival time 到达时间Arterial 主要干道Asphalt, Asphalt Cement, Asphalt Binder 沥青（美国用语）；沥青胶泥At-Grade Intersection 平面交叉Advanced traffic management system ATMS 先进的交通管理系统；高等交通管理系统Automated toll system 自动化收费系统Automatic Cargo Identification, ACI 自动货物辨识Automatic Vehicle Classification, AVC 自动车辆分类Automatic Vehicle Identification, AVI 自动车辆辨识Automatic Vehicle Location, AVL 自动车辆定位Automatic Vehicle Monitoring, AVM 自动车辆监视Auxiliary Lanes 辅助车道Average Delay Time 平均延滞时间Average Waiting Time 平均等候时间BBalance Cut and Fill 均衡挖填Barrier, Noise barrier, Noise barrier wall 防音墙Birds' eye view 鸟噉图Blast 开炸Bleeding (沥青路面)泛油; (水泥混凝土表面)泛浆Blood alcohol concentration 血液中酒精浓度Bottleneck 瓶颈Bottleneck Road 瓶颈路段Brake failure, Defective brake 煞车失灵Brake light 煞车灯Brake Reaction time 煞车反应时间；制动反应时间Braking Distance 剎车视距（停车视距）Braking system 煞车系统Breakdowns 故障Breath alcohol concentration 呼气酒精含量Brick Pavement 砖铺路面；砖铺面Bridge 桥梁Bridge expansion joint 桥面伸缩缝Bridge inspection 桥梁检测Bridge Management System 桥梁管理系统Bridge span 桥跨Brightness contrast 辉度对照比Brittle fracture 碎裂Gravel Road 碎石路Broken Stone Surface 碎石路面Budget 预算经费Budgetary estimate 经费概算Buffer 缓冲剂；缓冲器Buffer distance 缓冲距离Buffer reach 缓冲段Buffer time 缓冲时间Buffer zone 缓冲带Building Code 建筑规则；建筑法规Bumper 保险杆Bus Exclusive Lane 公交专用道Bus operation 公交营运Bus Rapid Transit 公交捷运Bus route inquiring system 公交路线查询系统Bus scheduling 公交排班Bus station 公交停靠站Bus Terminal 公交终站；公交总站；公交场站Business District 商业区CCab, Taxi 出租车Capacitated freight distribution 零担货物运输Capacity analysis 容积分析Capacity and level of service analysis 容量与服务水准分析Capacity constraint, Capacity restriction 容量限制Capacity estimation 容量估计Capacity limitation 容量极限值Car accident, Traffic accident 交通事故Car detector, Vehicular detector 车辆侦测器Car following model 跟车模式；自动跟车系统Car navigation system 汽车导向系统Car Ownership 汽车持有；汽车持有权Car Pooling, Carpool 汽车共乘Carbon Dioxide CO2二氧化碳Casualty 伤亡Caution Light 警告灯Caution Sign 警告标；警告标志Caution Signal 注意信号；警告号志Concrete Pavement 混凝土路面Critical Speed 临界速率Census 普查Center Island 中央岛Centerline 中心线Central Business District CBD 中心商业区Charging system 收费系统Children-only Bus 幼童专用车Circulation 通风；交通Circumferential street (road) 外环（环状）道路City Rebuilding 都市重建Classification Count 分类调查Classification of road 道路分类Classification of Soil 土壤分类Clear distance 净距Clear height 净空高Clear Span 净跨距Climate Conditions 气候情况Close System Toll Station 封闭制收费站Closed Loop 封闭环路CO Detector 一氧化碳侦测器Code 规范；数值Coefficient of friction, Friction coefficient, Frictional coefficient 摩擦系数Collision Accident 碰撞事故Collision Warning Systems 碰撞预警系统Commercial Center 商业中心Commercial District 商业区Community Center 杜区中心Community Planning 社区规划Commuter 通勤者Commuter Rail, Commuter Train 通勤火车Commuting Distance 通勤距离Compatibility 兼容性Compensation 征收补偿Complex intersection 复合适交叉路口Composition of Traffic 交通组成Comprehensive Planning 综合性计划Compressibility of Soil 土壤压缩性Computer-Aided Dispatching System 计算机辅助派车系统Concave-convex 凹凸形Concrete barrier (New Jersey) 新泽西（混凝土）护栏Concrete pavement 混凝土铺面Conflicting point 冲突点Congestion degree 拥挤度Congestion pricing 拥挤定价Congestion Time 拥挤时间Congestion toll 拥挤费Construction Sign 施工标志Construction Specification 施工规范Construction/Maintenance Zone 施工维修区Contour Line 等高线Contour Map 等高线图Control of Access 出入管制Convex Function 凸函数Corridor 交通通廊Cost of Service 服务成本Count-down pedestrian signal 行人倒数计时显示器Counter flow 对向车流Country road 乡道Crash 冲撞；碰撞Critical Path 要径Critical Point 临界点Cross road 十字路口；交叉路；十字路Crown 路拱；路冠Crude Oil 原油Curb 缘石；路边石；护角Curve 曲线；曲线板；弯道Cushion material 缓冲材料Cushioning effect 缓冲效应DDaily Rainfall 日降水量Daily variation diagram 日变化图Deceleration 减速度Defective brake 煞车失灵Deformation 变形Defrosting 解冻Degree of Saturation 饱和度Delivery area 卸货区Delivery system 配送系统Delivery time 递送时间；送货时间Demand volume 需求流量Demand-Capacity Control 需求容量控制Demand-supply of parking spaces 停车空间的供需问题Demographic Data 人口资料Density of Traffic 交通密度；车流密度Design Capacity 设计容量Design curve 设计曲线Destination 目的地Destination zone 讫点区Detector 侦测器Deterioration 变质；恶化Diagonal crosswalk lines 班马纹行人穿越道Diesel Fuel 柴油Diffuse 扩散Digital image processing 数字影像处理Digital Map 数字地图Dining area 餐饮区Direction Factor 方向系数Disabled parking lots 残障停车位Dispatching efficiency 调度效率Distance 距离Distance-Measuring Equipment DME 测距仪Distribution center 配运中心Distribution center, Goods distribution center 物流中心Diverging area 分流区；分流区域Diverging point 分流点Dividing Strip 分隔带Domestic 本土的；区域的Door to door service 及门服务；及户服务Double decked bus 双层巴士Double-deck ramp 双层匝道Down Grade 下坡Downstream 下游Downtown street 闹市街道Dozer 推土机Drafting Room 制图室Drain Ditch 排水沟Drain Pipe 排水管Drainage Facilities 排水设施Driver behavior model 驾驶员行为模式Driver Information System 驾驶信息系统Driver Perception Reaction Distance 驾驶员反应距离Driver's License 汽车驾驶执照；汽车驾照Driving Simulator 驾驶仿真器Driving under the influence of alcohol 酒后驾驶Dynamic characteristics 动态特性Dynamic route choice 动态路径选择Dynamic system-optimum control model 动态系统最佳控制模式Dynamic traffic characteristic 动态交通特性Dynamic traffic signal control 动态交通号志控制系统EEarth Embankment 土堤Earth Excavation 挖土Earth Fill 填土Earthquake 地震East-West Expressway 东西向快速公路Economic benefits analysis 经济效益分析Elastic Deformation 弹性变形Elastic equilibrium 弹性平衡Electronic distance measurement instrument 电子测距仪Electronic gate 电子门；电动门Electronic Toll Collection 电子收费Elevated Highway 高架公路Elevation 标高；高程Elevator 电梯E-map of highway 公路电子地图Embankment 路堤Emergency delivery 紧急输送Emergency Escape Ramps 紧急出口匝道Emergency evacuation 紧急疏散Enforcement 执法，执行Engineering Economic Analysis 工程经济分析En-Route Driver Information 途中驾驶员信息En-Route Transit Information 途中运输信息Entrance (entry), ingress 进口路段Entrance exit 出入口Environment factor 环境因素Environmental impact assessment 环境影响评估Environmental sensitive area 环境敏感地带（环境敏感区位）Escalator 电扶梯Excavation Work 挖土工程Excess Fuel Consumption 超额燃油消耗Exclusive bike lane/Bikes only 脚踏车专用道Exclusive lane 专用车道Exit Ramp Closure 出口匝道关闭Exit Ramp Control 出口匝道控制Expansion Factor 膨胀因素；扩展系数Expansion Joint 伸,接缝Explosive 炸药Express slow traffic divider 快慢分隔岛Expressway 快速道路（进出管制或半进出管制）Glare control 眩光控制Glare screen 防眩设施Glare shield 眩光遮蔽物Global Positioning System GPS 全球定位系统Goods delivery problem 货物配送问题Grade 坡度；纵向坡度Graphical analysis 图解分析法Gravel Road 砾石路Gravity Model 重力模式Greenhouse effect 温室效应Guidance information 导引信息Guide Sign 指示标志HHazardous materials 危险物品Head light 前灯；车前大灯Head On Collision 车头对撞Heavy weight transportation management 大载重运输管理High beam 远光灯High capacity buses 高容量巴士High Occupancy Vehicle HOV 高乘载车辆High-Occupancy Vehicle Priority Control 高承载率车优先行驶控制High Speed Rail 高速铁路Highway aesthetics 公路美学Highway alignment design 公路线形设计Highway Construction and Maintenance Cost 公路建设维护成本Highway Supervision and Administration 公路监理Histogram 直方统计图Hit-and-run driving 肇事逃逸；闯祸逃逸Holding Line Marker 等候线标记Home interview 家庭访问Horizontal Clearance 侧向净宽Horizontal Curve 平曲线Hourly variation 时变化图Human characteristics 人类特性Human factor 人为因素；人事行为因素Hydrophilic 亲水性Hydrophobic 厌水性IIdeal Condition 理想状况Illegal parking 违规停车Impact 冲击Improving Highway Traffic Order and Safety Projects 道路交通秩序与交通安全改进方案Indemnity of Damage 损害赔偿Intensity of Rainfall 雨量强度Index system, Indicator system 指标体系Indirect observation 间接观测Individual difference 个人禀性的差异Infrastructure 内部结构；基础建设Inspection of Vehicle 汽车检验Intelligent Transportation System ITS 智能运输系统Intensity and Duration of Rainfall 降雨时间与密度Intercepting Drain 截水管Intercity bus industry 长途客运（业）Intersection design 交叉路口设计Interview technique 访问法；访谈法Intoxicated driving 酒后驾车JJoint Operation of Transport 联运Junction 路口LLag time 延迟时间Landscape design 景观设计Landslide/Slump 坍方Lane, traffic lane 车道Lane Width 车道宽度Latent travel demand 潜在旅次需求Lateral clearance 侧向净距Laws of randomness 随机定理Left turn lane 左转车道Left turn waiting zone 左转待转区Left turning vehicle 左转车辆Length of grade 坡长Level Crossing 平面交叉Level of Service 服务水准License Plate 汽车号牌License Suspension 吊扣驾照License Termination 吊销License Plate Recognition 车牌辨识Light Rail Rapid Transit LRRT 轻轨捷运Load limit 载重限制Loading & unloading zone 上下旅客区段或装卸货物区段Local Area Network, LAN 局域网络Logical Architecture 逻辑架构Long tunnel 长隧道Longitude 经度Longitudinal Drain 纵向排水Longitudinal Grade 纵坡度Long-Range Planning 长程规划Loop 环道（公路方面）；回路（电路方面）Lost Time 损失时间MMacro or mass analysis 汇总分析；宏观分析Magnetic Levitation Maglev 磁浮运输系统Magnetic loop detector 磁圈侦测器Mainline 主线Management Information System MIS 管理信息系统Manual counts 人工调查法Marking 标线Maximum allowable gradient 最大容许坡度Maximum capacity 最大容量Maximum Density 最大密度Maximum Likelihood Function 最大概似法Maximum Peak Hour Volume 最尖峰小时交通量Measure of Effectiveness MOE 绩效评估指针Mechanical garage 机械式停车楼（间）Merge 合并；并流；进口匝道；并入Merging area 并流区域Merging point 并流点Metropolitan Planning Area 大都会规划区Minimum Grade 最小纵断坡度Minimum sight triangle 最小视界三角形Minimum turning radius 最小转弯半径Mixed flow 混合车队Mixed traffic 混合车队营运Mixed traffic flow 混合车流Monitoring 监测Monorail 单轨铁路Mortality 死亡数Motivation 动机Mountain road 山区道路Multilayer 多层Multileg Interchange 多路立体交叉Multileg Intersection 多路交叉NNational freeway 国道National System Architecture 国家级架构Natural ventilation 自然通风Navigation 引导；导航Net Weight 净重No left turn 不准左转；请勿左转No parking 禁止停车Noise barrier, Sound insulating wall 隔音墙Noise pollution 噪音污染Noise sensitive area 噪音敏感地区Nonhomogeneous flow 不同流向的车流；非均质车流Nonskid Surface Treatment 防滑处理Nonsynchronous controller 异步控制器Novelty 新奇性Number of Passengers 客运人数Number of Registered Vehicle 车辆登记数Nurture room 育婴室OOccupational Illness 职业病Off parking facilities, Off street parking garage 路外停车场Off Season 运输淡季Off street parking 路外停车One-way arterial street 单向主要干道One-way Street 单行道One-way Ticket 单程票Operating Cost 营运成本Operating Time 营运时间Optimal path 最佳路径Optimal spacing 最适间距Optimum asphalt content 最佳沥青含量Optimum Moisture Content 最佳含水量Ordinance 条例Origin and destination study 起讫点研究Outlet Control 出口控制Overall travel time 全程行驶时间Overburden 超载；覆盖Overloaded vehicle 超载车辆Overloading experiment 超载实验Overpass 天桥；高架道Ozone layer 臭氧层PParameter 参数Parcel distribution industry 包裹配送业Park and ride system 停车转乘系统Parking behavior 停车行为Parking capacity 停车容量Parking demand 停车需求Parking discount 停车折扣Parking facility 停车设施Parking Lot 停车场Parking prohibition 禁止路边停车Parking restriction 停车限制Parking supply 停车供给Passing Sight Distance 超车视距Patrolling 巡逻Pavement aging 铺面老化Pavement Condition 铺面状况Pavement Drainage 路面排水Pavement maintenance 铺面维护Pavement rehabilitation 铺面翻修Pavement roughness 铺面糙度Pavement strength 铺面强度Pavement-width transition marking 路宽渐变段标线Peak Season 运输旺季Pedestrian Crossing 行人穿越道线Pedestrian Signals 行人号志Pedestrian行人Pedestrian factor 行人因素Pedometer 步测计Perception distance 感识距离Perception Time 认识时间Performance 绩效；功能Permeability Coefficient 透水系数Permeability test 透水试验Photoelectric detector 光电侦测器Platform 平台Pore 孔隙Priority 优先权Private Vehicle 自用车辆Provincial Highway 省道QQualitative 定性Quantification 定量Queue Length 等候线长度Queuing time 等候时间Queuing model 等候模式RRadar meter, speed gun 雷达测速仪Radial street 辐射式道路Radius of curvature 曲率半径Rainfall Frequency 降雨频率Rainfall Intensity 降雨强度Ramp closure 匝道封闭Ramp control 匝道管制；匝道仪控Reaction time 反应时间Real-time 实时Real time scheduling 实时排程Real-time Traffic Information 实时交通信息Rear-end collision 尾撞Reasonable or prudent speed limit 合理速限Reckless driving 驾驶疏忽Reliability 可靠性Remote Area 偏远地区Residential District, Residential Area 住宅区Resistance Value, R-Value 阻力值；R-值Rest Area, Rest Site 休息区Restricted curb parking 规定时限的路边停车Retail district 零售区Reversible one-way street 调拨式（可变）单行道Revocation 注销驾照Ride sharing 车辆共乘Ride Sharing Program 车辆共乘计划Right of ingress or egress 进出权Road bed, Roadbed, Subgrade 路基Road capacity 道路容量Road closure 道路封闭Road construction 道路建设Road design 道路设计Road Functional Classification 道路功能分类Road geometric factor 道路几何因素Road improvement 道路改善Road landscape, Roadscape 道路景观Road maintenance 道路维护Road pricing 道路定价Road roughness 路面粗糙度Road safety, Traffic safety 道路安全Road surface thickness, Thickness of pavement 路面厚度Road survey 道路测量Road toll 道路收费Road widening 道路拓宽Roadside interview 路旁（边）访问调查Round Trip Ticket 来回票Route choice, Route selection 路线选择Route familiarity 路径熟悉度Route Guidance 路径导引SSafe-passing sight distance 安全超车视距Safe-stopping sight distance 安全停车视距Sample 试样Sample size 抽样大小Sampling 取样Saturation capacity 饱和容量Saturation flow 饱和流量Scale 尺度；比例尺Scanning 扫描Scheduled Service 定时服务班次Scheduled Signal Control 定时号志控制Scheduling 排班School Bus 校车Seat belt （座椅）安全带Semi-actuated signal 半触动号志Semi-actuated Signal Control 半感应号志控制Semicircular 半圆式Semidynamic route guidance 准动态路径导引Sensitivity Analysis 敏感度分析Sensitivity Parameter 敏感度参数Service Area 服务区Sharp Turn 急弯Shear force 剪力Shopping center 购物中心Shortest path 最短路径Shortest path algorithm 最短路径算则Short-Range Planning 短程规划Shoulder 路肩Sidewalk 人行道Sight Triangle 视线三角形Sign 标志Signal 信号；号志Signalized intersection 号志化路口Simulation 仿真Single Journey Ticket 单程票Slope stability analysis 边坡稳定分析Slump 坍方Smart Card 智能卡Soil Stability Analysis 土壤稳定分析Sound barriers 隔音墙Specifications 规范Speed, Velocity 速度Speeding 超速Stability 稳定性Stage construction 分期施工Standard deviation 标准差Static characteristics 静态特性Static Load 静止荷重Stochastic congested network 随机性拥挤路网Strictly Decrease Monotonically 严格单调递减Strictly Increase Monotonically 严格单调递增Subcenter 次中心Superelevation 超高Suspension Bridges 吊桥Suspension from toll 暂停收费Swampy Areas 沼泽区Swerve 偏离正常行车方向；逸出常轨Synchronization 同步Synchronized watch (timer) 同步定时器Synchronous controller 同步控制器System Architecture SA 系统架构TTerminal 场站Time limit 时间限制Time-and-space restriction 时间和空间限制Toll collection station, Toll gate, Toll plaza, Toll station 收费站Tolling equity 收费公平性Topographic maps 地形图Topographic surveys 地形测量Total deformation 总变形Track of vehicle 车辆轨迹Track width 轮距宽度；轨宽Tractive Force 牵引力Trade-off 取舍权衡Traffic Accident 交通事故Traffic accident investigation form 交通事故调查表Traffic administration 交通行政管理Traffic Assignment 交通量指派Traffic Composition 交通组成Traffic congestion, Traffic jam 交通壅塞Traffic control and management 交通控制与管理Traffic Control Center TCC 交通控制中心Traffic corridor 交通走廊Traffic count (survey) 交通量调查Traffic counting program 交通量调查计划Traffic data collection system 交通资料收集系统Traffic demand 交通需求Traffic Demand Management TDM 运输需求管理Traffic Density 车流密度Traffic engineering 交通工程Traffic equilibrium 交通均衡Traffic evacuation 交通疏散Traffic facility, Transportation facility 交通设施Traffic Flow 车流；交通流Traffic impact assessment, Traffic impact evaluation 交通冲击评估Traffic improvement 交通改善Traffic light, Traffic signal 交通号志Traffic Marker 标线Traffic Mitigation Measures 交通疏缓措施Traffic monitoring facility 交通侦测设备Traffic ordinance 交通条例Traffic regulation 交通规则；道路交通安全规则Traffic simulation 交通仿真Traffic Volume/Flow 交通量/流量Transfer station 转运站Transition 渐变段Travel time 行驶时间Traveler Services Information 路人服务信息Trip Generation 旅次发生Trip purpose 旅次目的Truck terminal 货车场站Tunnel 隧道Tunnel Entrance 隧道入口Tunnel excavation 隧道开挖Turning prohibition 禁止转弯运行Turning radius 转弯半径Two lanes 双车道UUnderground Water 地下水Unit price 单价Unrestricted curb parking 未加限制的路边停车Unsignalized intersection 非号志化路口Unstable flow 不稳定车流；不稳定流动状态Uphill way 上坡路段Upstream section 上游段；上流段Urban expressway 都巿快速道路Urban Planning 都市计划VVans 厢式车Vehicle classification 车种分类Vehicle tracing system, Vehicle tracking system 车辆追踪系统Ventilation shaft 通风竖井WWeaving length 交织长度Weaving section 交织区段Weight-in-Motion WIM 行进间测重；动态地磅ZZebra Lines 斑马线。

Unit 14Scheme layout 规划方案traffic schemes交通计划AONB（areas of outstanding natural beauty）著名的自然风景区SSSI（special scientific interest）特殊的科研用地listed buildings 受保护的建筑archaeological sites 考古遗址adherence to 忠诚，坚持turning characteristics 转向性能be recovered from 通过。

的补偿HGV重型货车kerb lines路缘石，路缘线swept paths 加宽车道DoT交通运输部rigid or articulated 刚性的或铰接的车front and rear overhang 前悬和后悬swept area 扫略面积on the major route 主路on the side road 支路channelised layout 渠化方案pelican crossings on the far side 在远处rural 乡下的generous 慷慨的，大方的，有雅量的constraint 约束，强制，局促conservatian 保存，保持，守恒collision 碰撞，冲突condition 条件，情形reroute 变更旅程characteristic 特有的，特征，特性predominate 掌握统治主要的突出口有力的private car 私人汽车manoeuvre 策略调动demountable 可卸下的street furniture 街道家具drawbar 列车间的挂钩wheelbase 轴距车轮接地面积crossroad 十字路十字路口歧途Traffic Planning Steps交通规划步骤（Data collection数据收集Forecasts预测Goal specification明确目标Preparation of alternative plans可选择计划的准备Testing检验Evaluation 评价Implementation实施）Levels（Policy planning政策规划Systems planning系统规划Preliminary engineering初步设施建造Engineering design 建造设计Planning for operations of existing systems or services现存系统运营的设计）Cost estimation 成本估算traffic flow simulation交通流模拟an action plan实施性规划quantitative data数据资料in the light of 按照，根据，当作stratification 层化成层阶层的形成assign 分配指派赋值quantitative 数量的量的transportation improvement 交通运输改善feedback 回授反馈反应deliberate 深思熟虑的故意的null 无效力的，无效的benchmark 基准legislature 立法机关takeover 接收接管transit system 运输系统Conrail 联合铁路公司corridor study 路廊环境研究，高速通道研究deregulation 违反规定Unit 16Four-step planning procedure四阶段规划法：trip generation 出行生成，trip distribution, 出行分布modal split,方式划分traffic assignment交通分配urban transportation planning 城市运输规划transportation facility 运输设施gap 间隙差距Trip rate出行率the target planning years目标规划年trip end 出行端点traffic zone交通小区car trips and public transport trips小汽车和公共交通出行gravity model重力模型centroids traffic zones交通小区形心all-or-nothing assignment 全有全无分配法capacity restrained assignment容量限制分配法multipath proportional assignment多路径概率分配法a measure ofLink impedance路径阻抗interlocking 联锁的favorable 赞成的Unit 17longitudinal spacing纵向间距level terrain 平原地形Rolling terrain丘陵区Mountainous terrain山岭区Crawl speed is the maximum sustained speed that heavy vehicles can maintain on an extended upgrade of a given percent 爬坡速度是重型车辆在一定比例的延长的爬坡段上的最大行驶速度signalization conditions信号控制条件signal phasing信号相位timing配时type of control 控制类型an evaluation of signal progression for each lane group每车道组的信号联动评价的全部规定saturation flow饱和流量saturation flow rate 饱和流率topography 地形学curb 路边account for 说明解决得分estimation 估计，预算，评价Unit 18fatalities.恶性事故motorcycle occupant摩托车成员vehicle-miles traveled车公里poorly timed signals配时不当House of Representatives' Subcommittee众议院Federal aid Highways hearings联邦政府助建公路Unit 19Biographical descriptors个人经历Chronic medical conditions长期医学状况Hearing听力Loss of limb 肢体残疾Vision视力face validity表面效度raw 擦伤处inadvertent 不注意的疏忽的illumination 照明阐明启发Unit 20One-way street单向交通industrial parks工业园区transition areas转向区域circuitous route迂回区域the one-way pair成对的单向街道central business districts 中心商业区residential lot 居民区Unit 21Junction types交叉口类型uncontrolled nonpriority junctions; 不受控制的非优先次序交叉口priority junctions; 优先次序交叉口roundabouts;环形交叉口traffic signals; 交通标志grade separations立体交叉）Traffic sign 交通标志Warning sign 警告标志Regulatory sign 禁止标志Directional informatory sign 方向指示标志other informatory sign 其他指示标志Carriageway narrowing车道狭窄limit capacity限制容量congestion charging拥挤收费innovation solutions革新方案pedestrian crossing人行横道traffic capacity of road道路交通通行能力highway networks 公路网Traffic Management 交通管理innovation solutions 革新方案signal-controlled 信号控制的traffic capacity of road 道路通行能力pedestrian crossing 人行横道Unit 22Traffic Surveillance交通监管field observations 实地观察Electronic surveillance.电子监管Closed-circuit television.闭路电视Aerial surveillance .无线电监管Emergency motorist call systems .驾驶员紧急呼救系统Citizen-band radio .城市广播Police and service patrols巡逻警察服务aerial surveillance 空中监测空中监视predetermined value 预先确定的值，事先规定的值Unit 23Be subject to受制于Parking surveys停车调查（Parking supply survey停车位供应调查Parking usage survey停车场使用情况调查Concentration survey)停车饱和度调查Durationsurvey持续时间调查Parker interview survey停车访问调查）On-and-off-street路边和路外停车trip destination出行终点the trip-maker出行生成者a closed circuit闭循环Unit 24Date to源于，追溯trade-offs交换，平衡positive guidance 正确引导root-mean-square 均方根Saturn 土星Pascal 帕斯卡filter 滤波器man-machine systems 人机系统交通工程专业英语翻译Unit 21 （文拿董德忠戚建国）Traffic Management交通管理Objectives目标Traffic management arose from the need to maximize the capacity of existing highway networks within finite budget and, therefore, with a minimum of new construction. Methods, which were often seen as a quick fix, required innovation solutions and new technical developments. Many of the techniques devised affected traditional highway engineering and launched imaginative and cost effective junction designs Introduction of signal-controlled pedestriancrossings not only improved the safety of pedestrians on busy roads but improved the traffic capacity of roads by not allowing pedestrians to dominate the crossing point.交通管理起源于这样一种需要，那就是在预算有限的情况下，以最少的新建工程项目，最大限度的提高现有道路网的通行能力。

交通工程学英语
交通工程学英语是指与交通工程学相关的术语、表达和语言。

交通工程学是研究交通系统设计、规划、操作和管理的学科，涉及道路、铁路、水路、航空以及其它交通模式的设计和建设。

以下是一些交通工程学英语词汇和表达的例子：
1. Traffic congestion - 交通拥堵
2. Traffic flow - 交通流量
3. Road capacity - 道路容量
4. Traffic signal - 交通信号灯
5. Intersection - 交叉路口
6. Highway design - 高速公路设计
7. Traffic safety - 交通安全
8. Transportation planning - 交通规划
9. Public transportation - 公共交通
10. Traffic impact assessment - 交通影响评估
交通工程学英语在交通工程学的学习和实践中至关重要。

在学习阶段，学生需要掌握这些专业术语和表达，以便理解教材和课堂讲解。

在实践阶段，交通工程师需要与各种利益相关者进行有效沟通，如政府机构、建筑商、公众等，因此良好的英语沟通能力对于成功完成工作至关重要。

此外，交通工程学英语还与国际交流和合作密切相关。

随着全球化的加深，交通工程师需要参与国际项目或与国际同行合作。

良好的英语能力将有助于交流和合作，促进技术交流和经验分享。

总之，交通工程学英语是交通工程学中不可或缺的一部分。

掌握这些专业术语和表达将有助于学生在学习和实践中取得成功，并促进国际交流与合作。

Unit3I ntroductionTransport telematics, also known as intelligent transport systems (ITS), are concerned with the application of electronic information and control to improve transport. Some new systems have already been implemented and the pace of implementation can be expected to quicken. With a crystal ball, we can foresee how a typical journey to work may look in 10 years time.Before leaving home, you check your travel arrangements over tile internet. Often you choose to travel by public transport and you can identify travel times and any interruptions affecting the service. On this occasion, you choose to travel by car as you have an appointment later in the day at one of those oldfashioned business parks that are inaccessible by public transport. There are no incidents recorded on your normal route to work so you do not bother to use your computer route model to select an optimum route for you.Once in your car, you head for the motorway and select the cruise control, lane support and collision avoidance system, allowing you to concentrate on your favorite radio service. Suddenly, this is intelrupted by the radio traffic-message channel service giving you information about an incident on your route. You are not surprised when, at the next junction, the roadside variable message sign (VMS) corffirms this; motorway messages really are believable now!You feel pleased with yourself that you have preceded your in-car navigation system with the coordinates of your final destination, and soon you are obtaining instructions on your best route with information updated from the local travel control center.As you near your place of work, you are aware of roadside messages informing you of the next park and ride service. You choose to ignore these as you will need to make a quick getaway for your appointment. You then check that your travel card is clearly displayed inside the car; you don't want to be fined for not having a positive credit for the city's road pricing and parking service! The same card gives you clearance to your parking space; you activate your parking vision and collision control just to be sure of not scratching the MD' s car next to you.Using transport telematicsAll these information and control services, and many more besides, are discussed in the UK Government' s eonsuhation document. One way of categorising these services is into the following application areas: （1）traffic management and control（2）tolling and road pricing（3）road safety and law eifforeement（4）public transport travel information and ticketing（5）driver information and guidance（6）freight and fleet management（7）vehicle safety（8）system integrationAll these applications are being developed with assistance from research and pilot implementation programmnes in Europe, USA and Japan.Traffic management and controlAny traffic management and control system needs information on traffic flows, speeds, queues, inci-dents (accidents, vehicle breakdowns, obstructions) air quality and vehicle types, lengths and weights.This information will be collected using infrared, radio, loop, radar, and microwave or vision detectors.In addition, public and private organizations will provide information on planned events (roadworks, leisure events, exhibitions).The use to which this information is put depends on the objectives set for management and control.Network management objectives set for urban areas include: （1）influencing traveller behaviour, in particular modal choice, route choice and the time at which journeys are made.（2）reducing the impact of traffic on air quality.（3）improving priority for buses and LRT vehicles.（4）providing better and safer facilities for pedestrians, cyclists and other vulnerable road users.（5）restraining traffic in sensitive areas.（6）managing demand and congestion more efficiently.The software systems used will include control applications such as SCOOT, SCATS, SPOT and MOTION. These are responsive systems, which control a network of traffic signals to meet these objectives. Automatic vehicle location and identification will provide information for giving priority or allowing access to certain vehicles only.Interurban network management systems will have similar objectives but will make greater use of access control by ramp metering and other means, and of speed control and high-occupancy vehicle lane management. Regional traffic control centers will advise motorist of incidents and alternative routes by VMS and by RDS-TMC, a signal FM radio service broadcasting localized traffic messages and advice to drivers.Tolling and road pricingInterurban motorway tolling and urban road pricing provide another approach to meeting network management objectives while obtaining additional revenue that can be invested in transport. Singapore's electronic zone pricing, the TOLLSTAR electronic toll collection andADEPT automatic debiting smart cards are examples of such applications. These systems rely on microwave or radio communication to anin-vehicle transponder in a smart card with detection of vehicle licence plates using image processing for enforcement purposes.Public transport travel information and ticketingTravel information is needed by passengers at home or office and also during their journey. London Transport's ROUTES computer-based service offers routing, timetable and fares information on all public transport services in London through public inquiry terminals.Real-time travel information is provided in London by the COUNTDOWN system which is being expanded to cover 4000 bus stops. A similar system called STOPWATCH is available in Southampton as part of the ROMANSE project and is based on Peek' s Bus Tracker system which can detect buses using either radio beacons or GPS (Global Positioning System) which uses satellites to identify locations.ROMANSE also includes TRIP lanner interactive enquiry terminals with touch screens providing travel information.Problems with tickets for through journeys can be a deterrent for travelers choosing public transport.Smartcard stored-value tickets can provide a single ticket for car parking and all legs of a journey served by different operators.Driver information and guidanceDriver information systems include the RDS-TMC radio data system-traffic message ehannel, initially trialled between London and Paris in the PLEIADES project and elsewhere in Europe in similar EC-funded projects. There is also the Traffic master service which uses infrared monitors to identify congestion and an in-car visual map-based screen to inform drivers of congestion.Driver guidance systems aim to take this a step further by informing drivers of their route and giving guidance on navigation. Communication between the control center and the vehicle can be by roadside beacon or by digital cellular radio networks based on GSM (global system of mobile communications) as in SOCRATES. Commercial products include Daimler Benz's copilot dynamic route guidance system trialled in Berlin and Stuttgart and Philip's Car Systems CARIN. Similar products, such as the VICS advanced mobile information service, are commonly available in Japan.翻译：介绍交通通讯,也被称为智能交通系统(它的),与应用电子信息和控制,提高运输。

Transportation equipment information engineering (TEIE) is an interdisciplinary field that integrates advanced information technologies with transportation systems to enhance efficiency, safety, sustainability, and overall performance. This comprehensive analysis delves into the multifaceted aspects of TEIE, emphasizing the importance of maintaining high quality and standards throughout the design, implementation, and operation phases. It explores key components, technological advancements, challenges, and strategies for ensuring excellence in this rapidly evolving domain.I. Introduction to Transportation Equipment Information EngineeringTEIE encompasses a broad spectrum of activities, including the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), vehicle telematics, traffic management solutions, and communication networks for seamless data exchange. These systems rely on cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, and cloud computing to optimize the functionality and interconnectivity of transportation infrastructure, vehicles, and users.II. Key Components and Technological AdvancementsA. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)ITS forms the backbone of TEIE, integrating various subsystems such as traffic monitoring, control, and information dissemination. Advanced sensors, cameras, and GPS devices collect real-time data on traffic flow, weather conditions, and road incidents, which is then processed and analyzed by AI algorithms to generate actionable insights for traffic managers and commuters. Examples include adaptive signal control systems, predictive maintenance tools, and dynamic routing applications that significantly improve traffic flow, reduce congestion, and enhance safety.B. Vehicle TelematicsTelematics combines telecommunications and informatics to monitor and manage vehicles remotely. In-vehicle sensors and wireless communication devices transmit data on vehicle location, speed, fuel consumption, and mechanical health to central servers. This information enables fleet operators to optimize routes, schedule maintenance, and enhance driver behavior, thereby reducing operational costs, improving fuel efficiency, and minimizing environmental impact.C. Communication NetworksEffective communication networks are crucial for seamless data exchange between various TEIE components. Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC), Cellular-V2X (C-V2X), and 5G networks facilitate real-time communication between vehicles (V2V), vehicles and infrastructure (V2I), and vehicles and pedestrians/cyclists (V2P). These technologies underpin critical safety applications like collision avoidance, emergency braking alerts, and cooperative adaptive cruise control.III. Challenges in Ensuring High Quality and StandardsA. Interoperability and StandardizationEnsuring seamless interoperability among diverse TEIE components and systems from different manufacturers is a significant challenge. The lack of unified standards and protocols can lead to data incompatibility, hindering effective communication and coordination. Organizations like the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) play a vital role in developing and promoting global standards for ITS and related technologies.B. CybersecurityThe increasing reliance on digital technologies in TEIE exposes transportation systems to cyber threats. Malicious attacks could disrupt operations, compromise sensitive data, or even endanger public safety. Implementing robust cybersecurity measures, including encryption, access controls, intrusion detection systems, and regular security audits, is imperative to safeguard against these risks.C. Data PrivacyTEIE generates vast amounts of personal and vehicular data, raising concerns about privacy protection. Striking a balance between utilizing data for enhancing services and respecting individuals' privacy rights requires robust data governance frameworks, anonymization techniques, and transparent data usage policies.IV. Strategies for Ensuring High Quality and Standards in TEIEA. Collaborative Research and DevelopmentCollaboration among academia, industry, and government agencies is essential for fostering innovation, accelerating technology adoption, and establishing common standards. Public-private partnerships, research consortia, and international forums facilitate knowledge sharing, joint problem-solving, and the development of harmonized guidelines and best practices.B. Regulatory Frameworks and EnforcementStrong regulatory frameworks and enforcement mechanisms are necessary to ensure compliance with established quality and safety standards. Governments should regularly review and update legislation to keep pace with technological advancements, address emerging risks, and incentivize the deployment of secure, efficient, and environmentally friendly TEIE solutions.C. Continuous Monitoring, Evaluation, and ImprovementRegular monitoring, evaluation, and performance benchmarking are crucial for identifying system weaknesses, measuring effectiveness, and driving continuous improvement. Establishing Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) related to traffic flow, safety, emissions, and user satisfaction can help assess the impact of TEIE initiatives and inform evidence-based decision-making.V. ConclusionTransportation equipment information engineering holds immense potential to revolutionize the way we plan, manage, and use transportation systems. To fully harness this potential, it is imperative to maintain high quality and standards throughout the lifecycle of TEIE projects. This necessitates concertedefforts from all stakeholders, including policymakers, researchers, industry players, and the public, to address challenges, leverage technological advancements, and implement effective strategies that foster innovation, ensure safety and security, protect privacy, and promote sustainable mobility.While this analysis has touched upon several key aspects of TEIE, the topic's depth and breadth warrant further exploration and ongoing discourse in the face of rapid technological progress and evolving societal needs. As we continue to navigate the complex landscape of TEIE, the unwavering commitment to quality and standards will remain a cornerstone for realizing its transformative promise for smarter, safer, and more sustainable transportation systems.。

交通信息工程及控制Traffic Information Engineering and Control专业代码：082302交通信息工程及控制是在交通运输工程一级学科下设置的二级学科博士学位授予点，融合交通工程学、物理学、数学、经济学、心理学、行为科学、管理学等多学科知识，综合运用系统工程、信息技术、通信技术、电子控制技术、传感技术等高新技术，采用智能交通系统等手段，从一体化、智能化的角度解决交通工程领域规划、设计、实施、管理等各个方面的问题。

该专业围绕科技发展和国民经济建设需求、全方位服务社会，注重理论创新与实践能力培养，强调多学科交叉与融合，为国民经济各相关领域培养知识结构合理、能力结构合理、理论基础扎实、具有创新能力的高素质、高层次创造性拔尖人才。

一培养目标1 树立爱国主义和集体主义思想，掌握马克思主义的基本原理，树立科学的世界观与方法论，热爱祖国，遵纪守法，品德优良，学风严谨，具有实事求是、追求真理、勇于创造的科学精神，积极为社会主义建设服务。

2 在本门学科上掌握坚实宽广的基础理论和系统深入的专门知识，深入了解本学科发展方向及国际学术研究前沿。

同时要掌握一定的相关学科知识，掌握本学科的现代实验方法和技能，具有独立地、创造性地从事科学研究的能力；能够在科学研究或专门技术上做出创造性的成果。

3 至少掌握一门外国语，具有撰写学术论文和进行国际学术交流的能力。

4 有健康的体魄二主要研究方向1 交通信息工程与技术2.交通控制理论与方法3.交通系统一体化与智能化4. 交通流复杂系统建模与控制三学制与培养方式1 学习年限实行弹性学制，学习年限为3至6年。

2 学习时间原则上要求在第一学年完成全部课程。

必须在完成了规定的课程学习，通过中期筛选，并进行开题后方能进行学位论文写作。

学位论文研究、撰写及答辩的时间不少于2年。

3 学分要求课程总学分16分，其中学位课不少于8学分。

博士生参加前沿性学术专题活动2学分。

交通信息工程及控制Traffic Information Engineering and Control专业代码：082302交通信息工程及控制是在交通运输工程一级学科下设置的二级学科博士学位授予点，融合交通工程学、物理学、数学、经济学、心理学、行为科学、管理学等多学科知识，综合运用系统工程、信息技术、通信技术、电子控制技术、传感技术等高新技术，采用智能交通系统等手段，从一体化、智能化的角度解决交通工程领域规划、设计、实施、管理等各个方面的问题。

该专业围绕科技发展和国民经济建设需求、全方位服务社会，注重理论创新与实践能力培养，强调多学科交叉与融合，为国民经济各相关领域培养知识结构合理、能力结构合理、理论基础扎实、具有创新能力的高素质、高层次创造性拔尖人才。

一培养目标1 树立爱国主义和集体主义思想，掌握马克思主义的基本原理，树立科学的世界观与方法论，热爱祖国，遵纪守法，品德优良，学风严谨，具有实事求是、追求真理、勇于创造的科学精神，积极为社会主义建设服务。

2 在本门学科上掌握坚实宽广的基础理论和系统深入的专门知识，深入了解本学科发展方向及国际学术研究前沿。

同时要掌握一定的相关学科知识，掌握本学科的现代实验方法和技能，具有独立地、创造性地从事科学研究的能力；能够在科学研究或专门技术上做出创造性的成果。

3 至少掌握一门外国语，具有撰写学术论文和进行国际学术交流的能力。

4 有健康的体魄二主要研究方向1 交通信息工程与技术2.交通控制理论与方法3.交通系统一体化与智能化4. 交通流复杂系统建模与控制三学制与培养方式1 学习年限实行弹性学制，学习年限为3至6年。

2 学习时间原则上要求在第一学年完成全部课程。

必须在完成了规定的课程学习，通过中期筛选，并进行开题后方能进行学位论文写作。

学位论文研究、撰写及答辩的时间不少于2年。

3 学分要求课程总学分16分，其中学位课不少于8学分。

博士生参加前沿性学术专题活动2学分。

082302交通信息工程及控制学科（Traffic InformationEngineering and Control）全日制学术学位硕士研究生培养方案（2014年7月经交通工程学院学术委员会审议通过）根据国务院学位委员会第六届学科评议组编制的《学位授予和人才培养一级学科简介》和《一级学科博士、硕士学位基本要求》，按照《山东建筑大学关于制（修）订研究生培养方案的指导意见》，制定本培养方案。

一、培养目标1、掌握马克思主义基本理论，热爱祖国，遵纪守法，具有良好的道德品质和较强的事业心，积极为社会主义现代化建设服务。

2、树立实事求是和勇于创新的科学精神，掌握交通信息工程及控制学科坚实的基础理论和系统的专门知识；掌握必要的实验技能；具备必要的社会实践经验，具有从事科学研究工作和独立担负专门技术工作的能力。

3、掌握一门外国语，并能熟练地运用于交通信息工程及控制专业。

4、具有健康的体魄。

二、研究方向1. 智能公共交通系统2. 交通数据信息挖掘分析3. 基于GIS的交通安全与信息管理三、学习年限基本学习年限为3年。

研究生在校期间，课程学习为2.5学期，文献阅读报告0.5学期，教学科研实践1学期，学位论文撰写2学期。

对于品学兼优，提前完成个人培养计划并修满规定学分、完成学位论文并达到毕业或授予学位质量要求的，最多可提前1年毕业或授予学位；在基本学习年限内完不成学业者，经导师同意，可向学校提出延长学习期限申请，延长期限原则上不超过1年。

四、培养方式1. 研究生培养实行学分制，依据研究生个人培养计划进行。

采取系统的理论学习、科学研究与实践活动相结合，鼓励硕士生积极参加有益的社会活动和公益劳动，加强科研能力和实践技能的锻炼。

2. 充分发挥导师指导研究生的主导作用，实行导师负责、学科导师组集体培养，积极聘请科研院所以及企事业单位具有高级技术职称的专家、学者担任硕士研究生的兼职导师，参与本学科研究生培养。

3. 研究生课程学习采取课堂讲授、讨论与自学相结合等方式，着重培养和加强研究生的自学能力和独立分析问题、解决问题的能力。

北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院-交通信息工程及控制专业（一）近3年分数线及招生人数变动情况专业类别时间总分划线专业划线复试总分招生人数录取比例交通信息工程及控制2013年320 80 320 5 1:1 （二）专业考试科目及参考书目专业类别及方向考试科目参考书目招生情况交通信息工程及控制方向：01 车路协同与交通安全02 交通信息及管控03 智能车辆初试科目：政治英语数学一自动控制原理综合或交通工程综合或数据结构与C语言程序设计复试科目：专业课和专业英语笔试面试初试参考书：1、自动控制原理综合(1) 《自动控制原理》高等教育出版社，程鹏主编。

(2) 《静力学》高等教育出版社，谢传锋主编。

2、交通工程综合(1)《运筹学》（第三版），运筹学教材编写组编，清华大学出版社，2005年。

(2)《新编交通工程学导论》，任福田编著，中国建筑工业出版社，2011年。

(3)《综合运输工程学》，胡思继著，清华大学、北京交通大学出版社，2005。

3、数据结构与C语言程序设计(1)《数据结构教程（第二版）》唐发根编著北京航空航天大学出版社。

(2)《C程序设计第三版》谭浩强著，清华大学出版社。

2013年，交通科学与工程学院开始该专业的招生，具体招生人数参考该年招生简章。

附：参考书目《C程序设计第三版》谭浩强著，清华大学出版社。