必修1～4重难点词汇回顾

人教版选择性必修第一册重点单词短语Unit 1People of Achievement ...................................................................................... - 1 - Unit 2Looking into the Future ...................................................................................... - 8 - Unit 3Fascinating Parks .............................................................................................. - 15 - Unit 4Body Language ................................................................................................. - 23 - Unit 5Working the Land ............................................................................................. - 30 -Unit 1People of Achievement【话题词汇】1.physicist n. 物理学家2.astronomer n. 天文学家3.technologist n. 技术专家4.biologist n. 生物学家5.zoologist n. 动物学家6.botanist n. 植物学家7.certificate n. 证明；证(明)书8.qualification n. 资格；学历9.responsibility n. 责任；负责10.undertake v t. 承担；从事；负责11.establishment n. 建立12.inspiration n. 灵感13.potential adj. 潜在的14.creative adj. 创造性的15.determined adj. 意志坚定的16.reliable adj. 可信赖的【话题短语】1.make great contributions to 对……做出突出贡献2.become involved in 参与……3.devote oneself to 致力于4.get over varieties of difficulties 克服各种各样的困难5.play a leading role in 起着重要的作用6.achieve one's dream 实现某人的梦想7.have made rapid progress in 在某方面取得很大的进步8.scientific research 科学研究9.face the challenge 面对挑战10.set out a new scientific idea 开创科学新观点【话题佳句】1.There is no doubt that we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in many different ways.毫无疑问，我们在许多不同的方面受益于科学的进步。

人教新课标版高一必修1重点提炼：Unit2 English around the world词汇突破重难词汇突破：1. present n. 礼物adj.在场的；目前的vt.赠送1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。

2). I am afraid I can’t help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。

3). Were you present when the decision was announced? 宣布那项决定时你在场吗？4). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。

5). May I present my new assistant to you? 请允许我向你介绍我的新助手。

【知识拓展】make sb. a present of sth.将某物赠送给某人at present/ at the present time目前be present at出席present-day attitudes/fashion现在的态度/流行款式present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人【学以致用】中译英1). 所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误。

_______________________________________________________________________________2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。

_______________________________________________________________________________ 答案: 1). The mista ke was obvious to al l (those) present.2). This book was a present from my brother.2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握1). The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。

第14讲必修一unit4核心词汇、短语、句型（1）一、重点词汇1. burst v.&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭2. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把……..从……营救出来come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人a rescue team 救援队a rescue mission 救援任务rescue workers 救援人员二、重点词组1. right away 立刻，马上“立刻，马上”的表达方式：right away, right now, at once, immediately, in no time三、重点句型1. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠跑到地里找地方躲。

[解释] 这句话中的looking for places to hide 是作ran out of the fields 的伴随状况，这是动词的现在分词形式的一个用法。

现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。

（1）现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while引出。

While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。

Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。

（2）现在分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。

必修一、必修二重点短语总结必修一Unit 11.calm down 镇定下来2.be concerned about 关心；挂念2.share sth with sb 和某人分享某物3.hide away 躲藏；隐藏5.set down 放下；记下6.a series of 一系列；一套7.be crazy about 对…着迷8.on purpose 故意9.in order to/ so as to 为了9. get along with 与…相处10.pack up 收拾，打理行装11..have trouble with sb/sth 同某人闹意见；做…有困难municate with sb 和…交际Unit21.play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色;在...中起作用;e up (vi) 走进；上来；发生；被讨论e up with 提出4.even if/ though 即使5.be based on 在...基础上6.close to 距离…近7.make (good/ full) use of =make the most of（好好/充分）利8.at present 目前9.as we know 正如我们所知Unit31.dream of/ about doing sth 梦想做某事2.graduate from 从…毕业3.persuade sb to do sth= persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事4.the best way of doing sth/ the best way to do sth 干某事的最好办法5.at an altitude of 在…海拔上6.care for喜欢;照顾7.determine to do sth ( 动作) / be determined to do sth （心理）决心干某事8.as usual 像往常一样9.sth be familiar to sb某事为某人所熟悉sb be familiar with sth某人熟悉某事10. can hardly wait to do sth 迫不及待想干某事Unit41.happen to do 碰巧做某事2.in ruins 成为废墟3.blow away 吹走、刮走4 be pleased to do 乐意做某事4.judging from 根据……来判断be proud of / take pride in 以……而自豪Unit51.lose heart 丧失勇气2. in trouble 处在不幸当中3.be sentenced to 被判处4.be equal to 平等的5.as a matter of =in fact =actually 事实上6.beg for 乞讨7.set out to do sth= set about doing sth开始做某事8.set off 出发、动身9.be active in =take an active part in 积极参与10.11.put sb. in prison=throw sb. into prison 把某人投入监狱必修二Unit 1重点短语1. belong to 属于2. in search of 寻找3.search for =look for寻找4. be used to do sth. 被用来做某事5. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事6. in return 作为报答7. serve as充当，用作8. be at war 处于交战状态9. less than 少于10. great wonders of the world 世界上的伟大奇迹11. remain a mystery 仍然是个迷12.become part of 成为…的一部分13. take apart 拆开14. tell the truth 说实话15. pretend to do sth 假装做某事16. think highly of 重视（反义词：think little of ）17.agree with sb. 同意某人的意见18.情态动词(could/might /must /should)+ have done表示对过去发生的事情的不同程度的推测19. be worth doing 值得做某事20. be designed for 为…而设计Unit 2重点短语1. take part in/join in 参加2. find out 查明，找出3. every four years 每四年4．two sets of 两套，两组5. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事6．compete in…在某方面竞争compete for…为…而竞争compete with/against 与…竞争7.be admitted to 获准做…be admitted as 作为…被接受8．reach the standar达到……水平、标准9.play an important role/part in 在…方面扮演重要角色（起重要作用）10. admit doing sth. 承认做某事be admitted to 被...接纳11. run against…和……赛跑12．hear of 听说13．make sure +that 从句确定14. take turns 轮流15．one after another 一个接一个16．stand for 代表17. pick up 捡起，接收，偶然得到/学会，恢复18．make a bargain with 与…讲条件19.in charge (of)主管，负责20.in the charge of 在…掌管下21.free of charge 免费22.be charged with sth. 被控告…23.ask sb. for help 从某人求助Unit 3重点短语1. begin as 作为…开始2. artificial intelligence 人工智能3.technological revolution 技术革命a problem解决问题5. share…with sb. 与…共享6. as a result结果7. as a result of…由于…的原因8. with the help of 在…的帮助下9. after all 毕竟10. go by 逝去，过去11. watch over 看守，监视12. once a year 一年一度13. in a way 在某种程度上14. make up编造/组成/化妆/补上15. in the way 挡路，阻碍by the way顺便说一下on one’s way to 在…的路上16. as well as 用法学与导17. from … on 从…时起18. deal with处理19. have…in common 有共同之处20.according to 根据21. compare…with…把…与…作比较compare…to…把…比作…22. be filled with 充满23. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事24.provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb为某人提供某物Unit 4重点短语1.die out （动/植物）灭绝2.result in 导致result from 由于3. pay attention to sth/doing sth 注意...4. in peace 平静的（地）5. hunt for 搜寻6. have an effect on / upon …有…影响7. be in danger of 有… 危险8. turn around 转身9.protect …from保护…免受…e into being形成；产生11. in relief 如释重负12. burst into laughter =burst out laughing突然大笑13. without mercy 无情地14. according to 根据，按照15. for sure 确定16. long to do sth 希望做某事Unit 5重点短语1.dream of/about (doing) sth 梦想2.at a concert 在音乐会上3.to be honest 说实话4.be honest with sb.对某人诚实5.form the habit of 养成…的习惯in the form of 以…的形式6. earn extra money 赚外快7. play jokes on 戏弄，开玩笑8. be based on以….为基础9. break up 破裂；拆散；10. sort out 分类11.be confident of/about/in 对……有信心12. go wrong 出了毛病13. above all 首先，最重要14. in addition 另外15. pay sb. in cash 现金支付16. attach importance to 认为…重要17. rely on 依靠18. be/get familiar with 与be/get familiar to的区别英语必修三、必修四重要短语必修三Unit 11.mean doing sth. 意味着;mean to do sth. 打算或企图做某事;mean sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事be meant for 打算作……用; 为…而有2.take place 发生；举行3.of all kinds 各种各样的4.starve to death饿死be starved of 缺乏, starve for sth, starve to do,渴望5.plenty of 大量; 充足6.be satisfied with感到满意to one’s satisfaction感到满意是7.do harm to sb.=do sb. harm 伤害某人8.in the shape of呈…的形状，以…的形式10.dress up 穿上最好的衣服;打扮,化装11.award sth.(to sb.)和award sb.sth.(for sth.) 给予、颁奖reward sb. for sth. 因…奖赏某人；reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人12. admire sb. for sth在某方面钦佩某人13.look forward to期望，期待，盼望14,have fun with(与某人)玩得开心;过得快乐( have a good time, enjoy oneself.)15. turn up.来；出现;把(收音机等)音量开大些turn down 拒绝; turn off 关掉;turn on 打开; turn out 结果是...... turn to sb. for help 向某人求助16．keep one’s word 守信用；break one’s word, 失信17．It be obvious that-clause显而易见；一目了然18．set off 动身, 出发; 使（地雷、炸弹）爆炸; set in开始;set up建立，创立;set out to do = set about doing sth.着手做set down 写下，记下19．remind sb. of sth. 提醒，使想起Unit 21.a healthy diet健康饮食; a balanced diet平衡的饮食2.in different way用另外方式3.most often最经常4.feel frustrated感到沮丧5.by lunchtime到午餐时间6.must have happened一定发生过7.at the end of the street在街道的尽头8.be tired of 厌倦9.be amazed at sth. 对...感到惊奇10.throw away扔掉11.get away with 逃脱12.tell lies说谎13.energy-giving food提供热量的食物body-building foods提供营养的食物14feel fit保持精力旺盛15.do some research into做一些...方面的研究16.the weakness of the diet饮食的弱点the strength of the diet饮食的优点17.earn one’s living谋生18.be in debt负债19.glare at怒视20.move round绕过21.spy on在暗中侦察；打探22.upset sb.使......不安23.heavy food不易消化的食物24.look ill 感到不舒服feel sick感到恶心25.chat(ting) about聊起关于......26.serve with用......配27.rather than而不是28.cut down减少29.before long不久Unit 31. know about 了解关于…事2 . make a bet 打赌 3. win or lose the bet在打赌中赢或输4.have bad luck 运气不好 5. step inside走进里面6. lead the way 带路7. I wonder if 我想知道是否…8. go right ahead 说下去9. as a matter of fact事实上10. by accident 偶然11. sail out of the bay 驶出海湾12. stare at 盯着13. towards nightfall 到夜幕降临时14. carry … out to sea 把…带到了大海15. give oneself up for lost 因为迷路而绝望16. work as an unpaid hand 免费劳动17. account for 导致18. to be honest 坦白地说19. your idea of some kind of joke 你认为的一种笑话20. be on my way 上路21. show sb. out 把某人带出去22. be confident about 对… 自信23. the cost of a journey 旅行费用24. give sb. a ride 让某人搭车25. lose one’s pat ience 失去耐心26. do fifty jumps without stopping 不间断地连续跳五十下27. fall over 跌到28. account for your behaviour 对你的行为做出解释29. be jealous of the others’ success 嫉妒别人的成功30. stay out of jail 免坐牢31. show a willing 32. be reserved 被预定了33. take the gentleman’s order 让那位绅士点菜35. take a chance 碰碰运气34. the look on the waiter’s face 服务员脸上的表情36. read the bill 看帐单37. in a rude manner 用粗鲁的方式38. for a while 一会儿Unit 41. think of…as 把……看作是2．a cloud of energetic dust具有能量的尘埃3. combine into…合成……4. move around the sun环绕太阳运转5. become violent变得激烈6. the solid surface固体表面7. explode loudly猛烈爆炸8. in time及时，最终9. produce the water vapor产生水蒸汽10. make the earth’s atmosphere构成了地球的大气层11.cool down冷却12. on the surface在表面13. be differen t from…与……不同14.go round the sun环绕太阳运转15. disappear from…从……消失16. stay on…存留在……17. show one’s quality显现某人的特性18.dissolve harmful gases分解，溶解有害气体, 19. become part of…变成……的一部分20. develop life发展生命,21.grow in the water在水里生长22. encourage the devel opment of…鼓励……的发展,23 millions of years later几万年以后24.live on land在陆地上生活,25. live in the sea在海里生存26. grow into forests长成森林,27. produce young生出幼仔28. lay eggs下蛋,29.animals with hands and feet长着手脚的动物30.spread all over the earth遍布全世界, 31.develop new methods发展了新的方法32.. move around迁徙,33. go by过去，推移34.prevent…from…防止……做……,35.escape from… into…从……逃离到……36.depend on….依靠，依赖，取决与……, 37. solve a problem解决38 be lucky enough足够幸运,39. make a trip去旅行40. visit the moon参观月球,41. in the spaceship在太空飞船中42. explain to… that…向……解释……,43. on the journey在旅程中44. be off启程,45 rise into the air升人太空46. feel the pull of the earth感觉到地球的拉力, 47.call…gravity称……为地球引力48. push…into the seat把……推向座位,49. say…to each other向彼此说……50.fall back to…朝……落下去,51.fall from a tree从树上掉下来52. fall to the ground朝地上落下去,53. get close to…接近……54 cheer up高兴起来,55 float weightlessly around失重飘来飘去56. in the spaceship cabin太空船舱,57. watch…do看着……做58. move freely自由的活动,59. climb down the steps从梯级上爬下来60. step forward向前迈步,61.fall over摔倒62. need practice需要练习63. get the hang of…掌握了……的诀窍64. enjoy oneself感到自如,65. leave the moon’ s gravity摆脱月球引力66. come back to…回到……Unit 51. frost on the ground地上覆盖了一层薄霜2. around noon中午时分,3. the most wealthy and biggest city in Canada加拿大最大最富有的城市4. leave for…离开去……5. go on a tour of the city继续在市内游览一番6. go up the tower登上塔顶7. look across the lake俯瞰湖面8. flow into…流人……9. flow over…流经……10. on one’s way to…在去……的路上11. a covered stadium加顶的运动场12. walk north向北走13. phone… from a telephone booth到电话亭给……打电话14. have dinner in downtown Chinatown在市内的中国城吃晚饭15. move to…移居到……16. meet… at…在……迎接…… 17. get good Cantonese food吃到好吃的广东菜18. come from South China来自中国南方19. go as far as Ottawa去到远至渥太华20. about four hundred kilometers northeast of Toronto距多伦多东北大约有400公里21. take too long花费的时间长22. at dawn黎明23. at the train station在火车站24. have English words in small letters有小字体的英文标注25. go downtown到市区去26. be close to…,接近…… 27. spend the afternoon in the lovely shops整个下午在可爱的商店28. visit… in…在……拜访……29. sit in a café坐在咖啡馆30. look over…眺望……31. sit down with…和……坐在一起32. on a tr ain trip across…坐着火车上横穿……33. have a French culture具有法国文化34. speed along the river toward…沿着河流驶向……35. dream of…梦想……36. on a trip在旅途中37. on the Atlantic coast在大西洋海岸38. take the aeroplane乘飞机39. fly from… to…从……飞行到……40. take the train from… to…乘火车从……到……41. from west to east从西到东42. across Canada横穿加拿大43. cross the whole country横贯整个国家44. at the airport在机场45. take…to…把……带到……46. catch the train乘坐火车47. on the way to…在去……的路上48. see great scenery看美丽壮观的风景49. on the trip在旅途中50. go eastward向东行驶51. pass cities经过城市52. in less than five days在不五天的时间里53. from coast to coast从一个海岸到另一个海岸54. in the warmest part of…在最热的地方55. be surrounded by…被……所包围56. on the north在北边57. ski in the mountains在山上滑雪58. sail in the harbour在港湾了扬帆行船59. north of………的北边60. settle down in the seat落座,61. look out of the window at the wild scenery从窗口看到了自然风光62. a mountain goat野山羊63. a grizzly bear大灰熊64. a famous Western festival有名的西方节日65. come from all over…全来自……66. compete in ~ing比赛做…… 67. ride wild horses驾驭野马68. have a gift for ~ing有天资/天分做…69. work with…与…共处, win…prizes赢得……奖金70. live within 320 kilometres of the USA border居住在靠近美国320公里以内的边境地带71. go through…穿过…… 72. a wheat-growing province种植小麦的省份73. thousands of square kilometers in size面积有数千平方米74. at the top end of…在……的最上首75. a busy port繁忙的港口76. rush through…穿行过…必修四Unit 11.wake up醒来2.wander off 漫步3.most of the time 大部分时间4.either…or… 或……或……5.each other 互相6.spend…(in)doing sth 花费时间做某事7.be determined to do 决定做……8.think about 看法9.for example 举例子10.work out 得出；解决argue for 为…辩护argue with 与…争论/争辩argue against 争辩……11.set up （具体）设置；安装/（抽象）建立12.do some research 做研究13.choose to do sth. 宁愿、偏要、决定做某事14.catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意15.care for 照顾16.be intended for/to do 为……而准备、预定17.reach a doctor 找到医生18.must have done 一定是；想必是19.get a training 得到训练20.as well as ……也21.second to 次于22.get sb. into使某人进入/陷入23.story after story 一个故事接着一个day after day 一天又一天24.deliver a baby 给……接生25.make sure 确保26.by the time 这时候27.carry on 继续28.be concerned about 对……关心29.put…to death 处死30.devote…to…把……专注于……31.rather than 不是……而是……32.mean doing 意味着mean to do 打算做……33.settle down 安顿下来34.apply to 应用到……35.be prepared to 已经做好准备去做……prepare to do 准备要做……Unit21.if so 如果有……if not 如果没有……2.know about 了解3.call him a farmer 称呼他为农民4.in many ways 在许多方面5.struggle for 为……斗争6.the past five decades 过去的五十年7.be born in poverty 出生贫困8.graduate from 毕业于……9.since then 从那以后10.thanks to 由于11.rid…of…使……摆脱…… 12.be satisfied with 对……满足13.lead a … life 过着……生活14.care about 在意……ed to 过去常常be used to 被用来做；习惯于get used to 习惯于16.prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事17.wish for 欲得到、愿得到18.no matter 无论19.in need of 需要20.refer to 谈及；提到21.be rich in 富含22.insist on doing 坚持做……23.ready to do sth 准备好要做没某事24.be against 反对25.pay attention to 注意；留心26.that is to say 换句说27.be certain/sure to do 确信会做某事28.persuade sb to do sth 说服某人干某事-结果成功advise sb to do sth 劝说某人干某事-结果失败Unit31.bump into 撞上(=knock into)；碰见2.be content with 对……满足3.worse off 境况差4.astonish sb. with sth. 用某事物使某人震惊5.be famous for 由于……而著名6.in poverty 贫困7.be well known 闻名8.be set in 以……为背景9.in search of 寻找10.pick up 捡起11.be caught in 被困在……12.pick out （用个人喜好或希望进行）挑选13.cut off切下14.star in 表演15.turn into 变为16.ask for 要求……17.no more than不超过e across 走过来；偶然碰到19.break down 把……分解/弄碎；损坏20.fall over 摔翻fall down 倒塌21.do well in ……（方面）做得好22.make a cup of tea 泡茶23.bring out 取出；阐明bring in 引入24.a sense of ……观念Unit4<1>1.be interested in 对……感兴趣2.look around四周张望3.send sb. to do 派遣某人……4.even if 尽管5.meet with(=come into)偶然碰到6.may have done 某事可能已经做了（或发生）7.reach ou t…for… 伸出……去……8.not all 不是所有9.spoken language 口语10.close to 靠近11.be likely to 有可能……12.introduce sth. to sb. 向某人介绍……13.not…nor…既不……也不……14.shake hands with(=shake one’s hand)与某人握手15.all kinds of 多种多样的……16.be similar to 与……相似17.at ease 安逸18.up and down 上下19.protect sb from V-ing/sth 从……保护某人20.with your hands a little open 手微微张开21.be willing to愿意去做……22.look sb. in the eye 正视/直视某人23.take action 采取行动24.watch out 小心Unit 4<2>1. think of…as 把……看作是2．a cloud of energetic dust具有能量的尘埃3. combine into…合成……4. move around the sun环绕太阳运转5. become violent变得激烈6. the solid surface固体表面7. explode loudly猛烈爆炸8. in time及时，最终9. produce the water vapor产生水蒸汽10. make the earth’s atmosphere构成了地球的大气层11.cool down冷却12. on the surface在表面13. be different from…与……不同14.go round the sun环绕太阳运转15. disappear from…从……消失16. stay on…存留在……17. show one’s quality显现某人的特性18.dissolve harmful gases分解，溶解有害气体19. become part of…变成……的一部分20. develop life发展生命21.grow in the water在水里生长22. encourage the development of…鼓励……的发展23 millions of years later几万年以后24.live on land在陆地上生活25. live in the sea在海里生存26. grow into forests长成森林27. produce young生出幼仔28. lay eggs下蛋29.animals with hands and feet长着手脚的动物30.spread all over the earth遍布全世界31.develop new methods发展了新的方法32.move around迁徙33. go by过去，推移34.prevent…from…防止……做……35.escape from… into…从……逃离到……36.depend on….依靠，依赖，取决与……37. solve a problem解决38 be lucky enough足够幸运39. make a trip去旅行40. visit the moon参观月球41. in the spaceship在太空飞船中42. explain to… that…向……解释……43. on the journey在旅程中44 be off启程45 rise into the air升人太空46. feel the pull of the earth感觉到地球的拉力,47call…gravity称……为地球引力48. push…into the seat把……推向座位49. say…to each othe r向彼此说……50.fall back to…朝……落下去51.fall from a tree从树上掉下来52. fall to the ground朝地上落下去53. get close to…接近…… 54 cheer up高兴起来55 float weightlessly around失重飘来飘去56 in the spaceship cabin太空船舱57. watch…do看着……做58. move freely自由的活动59. climb down the steps从梯级上爬下来60. step forward向前迈步61.fall over摔倒62. need practice需要练习63..get the hang of…掌握了……的诀窍64. enjoy oneself感到自如65. leave the moon’ s gravity摆脱月球引力66. come back to…回到……Unit51.a variety of 各种各样的……2.charge…for…向……收费3.be based on 以……为基础4.not just 不仅仅5.along with 连同……；伴随……e to life 活跃起来7.have sth done 使得……；让……被做8.be named after 以……命名9.be different from 与……不同10.get close to 靠近11.learn about（=learn of）学习；得知；听到12.take an active part in 积极参与13.face to face 面对面14.try out 试验rge amounts of/a large amount of 大量（不可数）16.point out 指出17. provide sb. with…提供……18.a bit=a little 一会儿；一点儿not a bit 一点也不(=not at all)not a little 很，十分，非常（=very, very much）19.such as如……。

Unit4 Reading重难点词汇详解1.right away立刻；马上right off=right away立即；马上right now此时此刻；立即；马上教材原文Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. 想象你家开始晃动，而且你必须马上离开。

经典例句①Mick wants to see you in his office right away.米克要你马上去他的办公室见他。

②I told him right off what I thought of him.我直截了当地告诉了他我对他的看法。

③He's not in the office right now.他现在不在办公室。

④Do it right now!马上做这件事！2.burst vi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发教材原文In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在城市里，一些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。

经典例句①That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more.你再给气球充气，它就要爆了。

②When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for whatever his family might need, he burst into tears/burst out crying.当我把礼品卡递给他，说他可以用它来满足他家人的需要时，他突然大哭起来。

③There was a burst of laughter in the room when I passed by.我经过时，房间里突然传来一阵笑声。

3.think little of..…不重视……think highly/well/a lot/much of....对.…….评价高think poorly/badly/ill of....对……评价不高think of想起；考虑；想出think of....as....把…….看做……What do you think of..?你认为…….怎么样?教材原文But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.但是，这座城市里的一百万人那天晚上照常睡着了，他们没重视这些事情。

第一章运动的描述第一节认识运动机械运动：物体在空间中所处位置发生变化，这样的运动叫做机械运动。

运动的特性：普遍性，永恒性，多样性参考系1.任何运动都是相对于某个参照物而言的，这个参照物称为参考系。

2.参考系的选取是自由的。

1)比较两个物体的运动必须选用同一参考系。

2)参照物不一定静止，但被认为是静止的。

质点1.在研究物体运动的过程中，如果物体的大小和形状在所研究问题中可以忽略是，把物体简化为一个点，认为物体的质量都集中在这个点上，这个点称为质点。

2.质点条件：1)物体中各点的运动情况完全相同(物体做平动)2)物体的大小(线度)<<它通过的距离3.质点具有相对性，而不具有绝对性。

4.理想化模型：根据所研究问题的性质和需要，抓住问题中的主要因素，忽略其次要因素，建立一种理想化的模型，使复杂的问题得到简化。

(为便于研究而建立的一种高度抽象的理想客体)第二节时间位移时间与时刻1.钟表指示的一个读数对应着某一个瞬间，就是时刻，时刻在时间轴上对应某一点。

两个时刻之间的间隔称为时间，时间在时间轴上对应一段。

△t=t2—t12.时间和时刻的单位都是秒，符号为s，常见单位还有min，h。

3.通常以问题中的初始时刻为零点。

路程和位移1.路程表示物体运动轨迹的长度，但不能完全确定物体位置的变化，是标量。

2.从物体运动的起点指向运动的重点的有向线段称为位移，是矢量。

3.物理学中，只有大小的物理量称为标量;既有大小又有方向的物理量称为矢量。

4.只有在质点做单向直线运动是，位移的大小等于路程。

两者运算法则不同。

第三节记录物体的运动信息打点记时器：通过在纸带上打出一系列的点来记录物体运动信息的仪器。

(电火花打点记时器——火花打点，电磁打点记时器——电磁打点);一般打出两个相邻的点的时间间隔是0.02s。

第四节物体运动的速度物体通过的路程与所用的时间之比叫做速度。

平均速度(与位移、时间间隔相对应)物体运动的平均速度v是物体的位移s与发生这段位移所用时间t的比值。

第四章水的运动第一节陆地水体及其相互关系.................................................................................. - 1 - 第二节洋流.................................................................................................................. - 5 - 第三节海—气相互作用 ............................................................................................ - 11 -第一节陆地水体及其相互关系一、陆地水体1．主要类型：包括河流、湖泊、冰川、沼泽、地下水等。

2．特点水量虽然只占全球水储量的3.47%，但是在自然环境中的作用非常巨大。

3．与自然环境关系(1)受自然环境制约：陆地水体的类型、水量、分布。

(2)关系4．[案例探究] 贝加尔湖——世界上最大的淡水湖泊 (1)形成原因：地壳断陷形成。

(2)地质状况：所在区域构造运动活跃、多地震温泉、目前仍在不断加深。

(3)水文状况：冬季封冻期长、蒸发量小、湖泊最深水体交换周期长。

1．实质：陆地水体之间存在水的交换和转化。

2．河流是连接其他水体的纽带 (1)河流与湖泊①河流中下游的湖泊——调节河流径流。

②山地的湖泊——可成为河流源头。

③内流区的许多河流最终注入湖泊。

(2)河流与地下水相互补给⎩⎨⎧丰水期：河流补给地下水枯水期：地下水补给河流 (3)河流与冰川、积雪补给水量随气温变化而变化⎩⎨⎧高山永久积雪地区：夏季河流径流量大冬季有积雪的地区：河流会出现春汛[微思考] 以雨水补给为主的河流，汛期都在夏季。

这种说法对吗？ [提示] 以雨水补给为主的河流，汛期不一定都在夏季，如地中海气候区冬季降水丰富，河流汛期在冬季。

新人教版必修一Unit4 Natural Disasters（一）核心词汇拓展1. ruin n.废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产严重受损；破败不堪________________________2.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克→_______________ adj.震惊的→___________ adj.令人震惊的①触电_________________________②对……感到震惊_________________________③震惊；吃惊____________________________3.trap vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套n.陷阱；险境②被困在……中，陷在……中____________________②诱骗某人(做)某事________________________4.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏埋头，专注于____________________5.effort n.努力；尽力；艰难的尝试②尽全力_____________________②不遗余力______________________6.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→______________n.苦难受……的折磨；患……病____________________7. disaster n. 灾难；灾害①自然灾害______________________②灾区______________________8. slide vi. & vt. (使)滑行；滑动①日益恶化；在滑板上_______________________②放映幻灯片_____________________③略过；回避____________________④不知不觉陷入__________________9.flood n. 洪水；大量；vi.淹没；大量涌入；vt使灌满水；淹没①在泛滥____________________②涌入，大量地涌入______________________③一大批____________________10. rescue n.&vt.营救；救援①救援人员/ 船只/ 直升机/营___________________________②从……中营救某人/某物_________________________11. damage vt.损害；破坏；n.损坏；损失①对……引起损害_________________________②对……造成损害_________________________12.affect vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动→____________adj.受到影响的；假装的→______________n.喜爱；感情；影响①对...的感情；对...的喜爱____________________②受到...的影响_____________________③疫区_____________________④患有...疾病__________________________13．shelter/'ʃeltə/ n.避难处；居所；庇护；vt.保护；掩蔽；vi. 躲避（风、雨或危险）①躲避（风、雨或危险）________________________②保护……免受…… _____________________③无家可归者夜间收容所_____________________④动物收容处an animal shelter14. percent n. 百分之……; adj.&adv.每一百种→_______________n.百分比①百分之百；不折不扣______________________②合格率____________________15.breathe vi.&vt.呼吸→______________ n.呼吸，气息①深呼吸____________________②喘不上气来___________________16.revive / rɪˈvaɪv / vt.& vi复活；（使）苏醒17.supply n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品；vt.供应；供给向某人提供某物___________________或____________________18.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传；vt.发表；接生；生(小孩)_______________n.交付，分娩，递送→____________adj.可以传送的，可以交付使用的①交货，履行诺言__________________②发表演讲__________________③交出，放弃___________________④从...处释放出来___________________19. summary n. 总结；概括；概要→_______________adv.概要地，立刻→_______________ n.摘要，概要总之，概括起来__________________20. effect n. 影响；结果；效果→______________ adj.有效的，起作用的→_______________adv.有效地，生效地①对...的作用_________________________②副作用_______________________③实际上，生效____________________21. length n.→长；长度→_______________ adj.长的；adv.长期地，始终→____________ vt.使延长，加长①长度____________________②最后，终于______________________③一段______________________（二）课内短语积累1.__________________________________像往常一样2.__________________________________仿佛；好像；似乎3.__________________________________终结；走向末日4.__________________________________严重受损；破败不堪5.__________________________________把……吹走6.__________________________________横切7.__________________________________而不是；代替8.__________________________________震惊；吃惊9.__________________________________跌倒；倒塌10._________________________________经历；经受11. ________________________________ 现有（尤指帮助）12. _________________________________消灭，彻底消除13.__________________________________急救箱14. _________________________________ 在露天，在户外15. _________________________________自然灾害16. _________________________________火山喷发17.__________________________________提及，涉及18. __________________________________建立，成立【过关检测】【单句首字母及汉语填空】1．Can you give me a quick ________________(概要) of your research?2．It is said that the factory suffered serious d_____________ in the tsunami last week.3．He _____________ (撞上) into the other youth and they both landed on the ground.4．The soldiers b________________ the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop diseases spreading.5．The teacher asked the students to find out the word that best fits the _______________(语境)．6. O_____________，the new leader hopes to unify the whole country in a short time.7．While the woman was s______________ the floor，she found the old photos in the corner. 8．In that situation，the local government had to take__________________(紧急情况) action.9. He quitted such a nice job，which made us all s_______________．10. She often talked of what she had gone through during the terrible d_________________.【单句语法填空】1．To dry their wet clothes，they made a fire in ______________ open air.2．It came as ______________ shock to hear that the factory would have to close.3．These strict measures will surely have a great effect _____________ our daily life.4．_____________(survive) the disaster，he decided to lead a simple life.5．The soldier was trying to save the girl _____________(trap) in the burning house.6．Buried ____________ the game，he didn’t notice what was happening.7．The earthquake left the city in ____________(ruin)；it would take a lot of money to rebuild it. 8．The doctor decided to offer some advice to the athlete _____________(suffer) from a bad back.9. What other cities or towns have gone______________ similar changes?10._____________(bury)in his lessons，he knew nothing about the outside world.【单句适当形式填空】1.It was the second air ______________（灾难）in less than two month.2. The ground is as hard as stone after the _______________.（干旱）3. The thief _______________（溜进）into the room quietly.4. What are the_______________ （救援）workers and solders doing in the flood-hit area?5. Smoking seriously______________ （damage）your health.6. Enough lava out of the volcano that had ______________(erupt) buried the entire village.7. At the end of the news，they often give you a ______________(总结) of the main news stories.8. What ______________(打动) me most was their strong desire for knowledge.9. The professor will ______________(发表) a speech on environment protection.10. And we should give______________(aid) to strangers when they need help.答案：（一）核心词汇拓展1. ruin n.废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产严重受损；破败不堪___in ruins________2.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克震惊的adj.令人震惊的①触电electric shock②对……感到震惊____be shocked at_____③震惊；吃惊_____be in shock________3.trap vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套n.陷阱；险境②被困在……中，陷在……中____be trapped in______②诱骗某人(做)某事______trap sb into doing sth____4.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏埋头，专注于_____be buried in_________5.effort n.努力；尽力；艰难的尝试②尽全力____make every effort________②不遗余力_____spare no effort________6.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→_suffering______n.苦难受……的折磨；患……病_____suffer from______①②灾区8. slide①②放映幻灯片③略过；回避④9.flood vi.淹没；大量涌入；vt使灌满水；淹没①在泛滥②③一大批10. rescue n.&vt.营救；救援①救援人员/ 船只/②从……中营救某人/某物11. damage vt.①对……引起损害②对……造成损害12.affect vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动受到影响的；假装的①对...②受到③疫区④患有13．shelter/'ʃeltə/ n.vi. 躲避（风、雨或危险）①②保护……免受……③④动物收容处an animal shelter百分比①②合格率①深呼吸②16.revive / rɪˈvaɪv / vt.& vi复活；（使）苏醒17.supply n.向某人提供某物(小孩n.交付，分娩，递送概要地，立刻→summarization n.摘要，概要总之，概括起来20. effect n. 影响；结果；效果有效的，起作用的有效地，生效地①对...②副作用③21长的；adv.长期地，始终使延长，加长①长度②③一段（三）课内短语积累12345吹走678910【过关检测】1．概要2．3．4．5．语境)．6. Obviously__，the new leader hopes to unify the whole country in a short time.7．While the woman was sweeping___ the floor，she found the old photos in the corner.8．In that situation，the local government had to take emergency(紧急情况) action.9. He quitted such a nice job，which made us all shocked___．10. She often talked of what she had gone through during the terrible disaster___.【单句语法填空】1．To dry their wet clothes，they made a fire in __the_____ open air.2．It came as ____a_____ shock to hear that the factory would have to close.3．These strict measures will surely have a great effect ___on/upon____ our daily life.4．_Having survived____(survive) the disaster，he decided to lead a simple life.5．The soldier was trying to save the girl ___trapped_______(trap) in the burning house. 6．Buried ____in_______ the game，he didn’t notice what was happening.7．The earthquake left the city in ____ruins________(ruin)；it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.8．The doctor decided to offer some advice to the athlete ___suffering________(suffer) from a bad back.9. What other cities or towns have gone___through_______ similar changes?10.__Buried_____(bury)in his lessons，he knew nothing about the outside world.【单句适当形式填空】1.It was the second air __disaster____（灾难）in less than two month.2. The ground is as hard as stone after the __drought____.（干旱）3. The thief _slid____（溜进）into the room quietly.4. What are the__rescue____ （救援）workers and solders doing in the flood-hit area?5. Smoking seriously __damages____ （6. Enough lava out of the volcano that had7. At the end of the news，they often give you a 总结) of the main news stories.8. What发表) a speech on environment protection.。

人教版高中英语必修一Unit 1【重点单词】1.survey ['səːveɪ] n. 调查；测验2.upset [ʌp'set] adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. 使不安；使心烦3.ignore [iɡˈnɔ:] vt. 不理睬；忽视4.calm [kɑ:m] vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的5.concern [kənˈsə:n] vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系6.loose [lu:s] adj. 松的；松开的7.German [ˈdʒɜ:mən] adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的；n. 德国人；德语8.series [ˈsiəri:z] n. 连续；系列9.outdoors [ˈautdɔ:z] adv. 在户外；在野外10.spellbind [ˈspelˌbaɪnd] vt. 迷住；迷惑11.dusk [dʌsk] n. 黄昏；傍晚12.thunder [ˈθʌndə] vi. 打雷；雷鸣n．雷；雷声13.entire [inˈtaiə] adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的14.power [ˈpauə] n. 能力；力量；权力15.curtain [ˈkə:tn] n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布16.dusty [ˈdʌsti:] adj. 积满灰尘的17.partner [ˈpɑ:tnə] n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人18.settle [ˈsetl] vi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解决19.suffer [ ˈsʌfə] vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历20.loneliness [ˈləʊnlɪnɪs] n. 孤单；寂寞21.recover [riˈkʌvə] vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得22.pack [pæk] vi. & vt. 捆扎；包装；打包行李n. 小包；包裹23.suitcase [ˈsju:tkeis] n. 手提箱；衣箱24.teenager [ˈti:neidʒə] n. 十几岁的青少年25.gossip [ˈɡɔsip] vi. & n. 闲话；闲谈26.exactly [ɪg'zæk(t)lɪ] adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地27.disagree [dɪsə'griː] vi. 不同意28.grateful [ˈɡreitful] adj. 感激的；表示谢意的29.dislike [dɪs'laɪk] n. & vt. 不喜欢；厌恶30.tip [tɪp] n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费vt. 倾斜；翻倒31.secondly ['sek(ə)ndlɪ] adv. 第二；其次32.swap [swɔp] vt. 交换33.item [ˈaitəm] n. 项目；条款【重点短语】1.be good to 对……友好2.add up 合计3.get sth done 使某物被做4.calm down 镇定下来5.have got to 不得不6.be concerned about 关心；挂念7.make a list of 列出8.share sth with sb 和某人分享某物9.go through 经历；仔细检查10.hide away 躲藏；隐藏11.set down 放下；记下12.a series of 一系列；一套13.be crazy about 对……着迷14.on purpose 故意15.in order to/ so as to 为了16.face to face 面对面地17.according to 按照；根据……所说18.get along with 与……相处19.pack up 收拾，打理行装20.have trouble with sb/sth 同某人闹意见；做某事有困难21.fall in love 相爱22.try out 试验；试用23.join in 参加（活动）municate with sb 和某人交流25.look to sth 注意/留心某事26.cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物27.have the/a habit of doing ... 有做……的习惯28.be ignorant of 无知的；不知道【重点句型】1. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face. （从句时态用完成时）这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。