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PALEOPROTEROZOIC
ARCHEAN
2500 2750 3000 3250 3500
NEOARCHEAN
MESOARCHEAN
PALEOARCHEAN
3750
EOARCHEAN
HADEAN
PERIOD EDIACARAN CRYOGENIAN
TONIAN STENIAN ECTASIAN CALYMMIAN STATHERIAN OROSIRIAN RHYACIAN SIDERIAN
Sources for nomenclature and ages are primarily from Gradstein, F., Ogg, J., Smith, A., et al., 2004, A Geologic Time Scale 2004: Cambridge University Press, 589 p. Modifications to the Triassic after: Furin, S., Preto, N., Rigo, M., Roghi, G., Gianolla, P., Crowley, J.L., and Bowring, S.A., 2006, High-precision U-Pb zircon age from the Triassic of Italy: Implications for the Triassic time scale and the Carnian origin of calcareous nannoplankton and dinosaurs: Geology, v. 34, p. 1009–1012, doi: 10.1130/G22967A.1; and Kent, D.V., and Olsen, P.E., 2008, Early Jurassic magnetostratigraphy and paleolatitudes from the Hartford continental rift basin (eastern North America): Testing for polarity bias and abrupt polar wander in association with the central Atlantic magmatic province: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 113, B06105, doi: 10.1029/2007JB005407.
16.5
Paleogene
Eocene
53
古新世(E1) 12
Palaeocene
65
中 生 代 (Mz) Mesozoic
白垩纪(K) Cretaceous
侏罗纪(J) Jurassic
三叠纪(T) Triassic
二叠纪(P)
Permian 晚
古
石炭纪(C)
生
Carboniferous
代
(Pz2)
更新世(Q1Q2Q3/Qp)
约 2-3
0.012
Pleistocene
2.48(1.64)
新
上新世(N2) 2.82
新近纪(N)
Pliocene
5.3
生
代
Neogene
中新世(N1)
18
Miocene
23.3
(Kz)
Cenozoic
渐新世(E3) 13.2
Oligocene
36.5
古近纪(E)
始新世(E2)
65
C29
30 C30
AGE
CALABRIAN GELASIAN PIACENZIAN
ZANCLEAN MESSINIAN TORTONIAN SERRAVALLIAN LANGHIAN BURDIGALIAN AQUITANIAN
CHATTIAN
RUPELIAN
PRIABONIAN BARTONIAN
BDY. AGES (Ma)
542 630 850 1000 1200 1400 1600
1800 2050
2300 2500
2800
3200
3600
3850
*International ages have not been fully established. These are current names as reported by the International Commission on Stratigraphy.
LUTETIAN
YPRESIAN
THANETIAN SELANDIAN
DANIAN
PICKS (Ma)
0.01 1.8 2.6 3.6 5.3 7.2
11.6 13.8 16.0
20.4 23.0
28.4
33.9 37.2 40.4
48.6
55.8 58.7 61.7 65.5
HIST. ANOM. CHRON.
228
235 241 245 250 251.0
AGE (Ma)
PERIOD
EPOCH
AGE
PICKS (Ma)
DEVONIAN CARBONIFEROUS PERMIAN
260
L
CHANGHSINGIAN
251 254
WUCHIAPINGIAN
260
M
CAPITANIAN
WORDIAN ROADIAN KUNGURIAN
2009 GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE
CENOZOIC
MESOZOIC
PALEOZOIC PRECAMBRIAN
MAGNETIC
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
AGE (Ma)
POLARITY
PERIOD
EPOCH
CHRON.
ANOM.
HIST.
1 C1 2 C2
HOLOCENE QUATER-
NARY PLEISTOCENE
492
496 501 503 507 510
517 521
Terre-
STAGE 2
neuvian
535
540
FORTUNIAN
542
AGE (Ma)
EON
ERA
750
NEOPRO-
TEROZOIC
1000
PROTEROZOIC
1250
MESOPRO-
TEROZOIC
1500
1750
2000 2250
VISEAN
340
SIPPIAN
345 TOURNAISIAN
359
360
L
FAMENNIAN
CAMBRIAN* ORDOVICIAN SILURIAN
374
380
FRASNIAN
385
GIVETIAN
M
392
400
EIFELIAN
398
EMSIAN
E
PRAGHIAN
407 411
420
L
LOCKHOVIAN
PRIDOLIAN LUDFORDIAN
GORSTIAN
416 419 421 423
M
HOMERIAN
SHEINWOODIAN TELYCHIAN
426 428 436
440
E
AERONIAN RHUDDANIAN HIRNANTIAN
439 444
446
460
L
KATIAN SANDBIAN
455
ALBIAN
APTIAN
BARREMIAN HAUTERIVIAN VALANGINIAN BERRIASIAN
TITHONIAN KIMMERIDGIAN
OXFORDIAN CALLOVIAN BATHONIAN BAJOCIAN AALENIAN TOARCIAN PLIENSBACHIAN SINEMURIAN HETTANGIAN RHAETIAN
Walker, J.D., and Geissman, J.W., compilers, 2009, Geologic Time Scale: Geological Society of America, doi: 10.1130/2009.CTS004R2C. ©2009 The Geological Society of America.
461
M
DARRIWILIAN
DAPINGIAN FLOIAN
468 472
480
E
479 TREMADOCIAN
488
500 520
Furongian
Series 3
Series 2
STAGE 10 STAGE 9
PAIBIAN GUZHANGIAN
DRUMIAN STAGE 5 STAGE 4
STAGE 3
CRETACEOUS
MAGNETIC
AGE (Ma)
POLARITY
PERIOD EPOCH
30 C30
70
31 C31
32 C32
33
80
C33
LATE
90
100
34 C34
110
120
M0r M1
M3
130
M5
M10
M12
140
M14
M16
M18
M20
150
M22
M25
M29
160
170
EARLY
266 268
271 276
280
ARTINSKIAN
E
284 SAKMARIAN
