西安电子科技大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In the（）of this earthquake, many national and international communities offered help and assistance.问题1选项A.senseB.hopeC.caseD.wake【答案】D【解析】句意:随着这个地震而来的是很多国家和国际团体主动提供帮助。

考查短语辨析。

In the sense of 从…意义上说; in the hope of怀着…的希望; in the case of至于,在…的情况下; in the wake of 紧紧跟随,随着…而来。

因此D符合句意。

2.单选题In the United States, older people rarely live with their adult children. But in many other cultures children are expected to care（1）their aged parents. In some parts of Italy, the percentage of adult children who（2） with their parents（3）65 to 70 percent. In Thailand, too, children are expected to care for their elderly parents; few Thai elderly live（4）. What explains these differences in living arrangements（5）cultures? Modernization theory（6）the extended family household to low levels of economic development. In traditional societies, the elderly live with their children in large extended family units for economic reasons. But with modernization, children move to urban areas, leaving old people（7）in (8) rural areas. Yet modernization theory cannot explain why extended family households were never common in the United States or England, or why families in Italy, which is fully modernized,（9）a strong tradition of intergenerational living. Clearly, economic development alone cannot explain（10）living arrangements. Another theory associated intergenerational living arrangements with inheritance patterns. In some cultures, the stem family pattern of inheritance（11） . （12）this system, parents live with a married child, usually the oldest son, who then（13）their property when they die. The stem family system was once common in Japan, but changes in inheritance laws, (14) broader social changes brought（15） by industrialization and urbanization, have（16）the（17）. In 1960 about 80 percent of Japanese over 65 lived with their children; by 1990 only 60 percent did~a figure that is still high（18）U.S. standards, but which has been（19）steadily. In Korea, too, traditional living arrangements are（20）: the percentage of aged Koreans who live with a son declined from 77 percent in 1984 to 50 percent just 10 years later. Although most elderly Koreans still expect to live with a son, their adult children do not expect to live with their children when they grow old.问题1选项A.aboutB.afterC.forD.over问题2选项A.resideB.reciteC.redeemD.rebel问题3选项A.amassesB.amountsC.attainsD.reaches问题4选项A.loneB.aloneC.lonesomeD.lonely问题5选项A.overB.acrossC.withinD.above问题6选项A.associatedB.linkedC.unitedbined问题7选项A.aside B.afterC.overD.behind问题8选项A.isolatedB.segregatedC.idealizedD.secluded问题9选项A.maintainB.promoteC.reserveD.support问题10选项A.appointedB.assignedC.preservedD.preferred 问题11选项A.controlsB.overtakesC.predominatesD.overwhelms问题12选项A.atB.underC.byD.over问题13选项A.deliversB.conveysC.conceivesD.inherits问题14选项A.as well asB.might as wellC.as wellD.well as 问题15选项A.offB.upC.aroundD.about问题16选项A.underminedB.decreasedC.diminishedD.defeated问题17选项A.authorityageC.habitD.tradition问题18选项A.byB.onC.withD.in问题19选项A.incliningB.recliningC.decliningD.reducing问题20选项A.recedingB.removingC.invadingD.eroding【答案】第1题:C 第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:B第6题:B第7题:D第8题:A第9题:A第10题:D第11题:C第12题:B第13题:D第14题:A第15题:D第16题:A第17题:D 第18题:A第19题:C第20题:D【解析】1.固定搭配。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题It is well known that knowledge is the（）condition for expansion of mind.问题1选项A.indispensableB.incredibleC.indefiniteD.incompatible【答案】A【解析】句意:众所周知，知识是拓展思维的必备条件。

考查形容词辨析。

indispensable不可缺少的，必不可少的；incredible惊人的，不可思议的；indefinite 无限期的，不明确的；incompatible 不相容的，不匹配的。

故A符合句意。

2.单选题The evidence showed that the hanged man could be（）of murder.问题1选项A.ignorantB.innocentC.indecentD.tolerant 【答案】B【解析】句意:证据表明那个被处以绞刑的男人是无罪的。

考查形容词辨析。

ignorant 无知的，愚昧的;innocent 无辜的，无罪的，无知的;indecent 下流的，不礼貌的;tolerant 宽容的，容忍的，有耐药力的。

be innocent of 没有…的,无罪的。

3.单选题（）dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.问题1选项A.AlthoughB.WhateverC.AsD.However【答案】D【解析】句意:不管他多么无趣，但是他确实是一位非常成功的高级管理人员。

考查连词辨析。

although 尽管，虽然，然而（其后跟正常语序的句子）；whatever 无论什么;as 因为，随着，虽然（引导让步状语从句时，该从句中的表语成分一般放在句首），当…时；however 不管怎样（接副词或形容词）。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题My niece has been to Sumatra and Iran as well as all of Europe; by the time she is twenty,she （）almost everywhere.问题1选项A.will beB.would have beenC.will have beenD.would be【答案】C【解析】句意:我侄女曾经去过苏门答腊岛、伊朗及全欧洲，等到她二十岁吋，她将几乎去过所有地方。

语法题。

考查将来完成时。

分析句意可知空格处应使用将来完成时: shall/will have+过去分词,故选C。

2.单选题It is well known that knowledge is the（）condition for expansion of mind.问题1选项A.indispensableB.incredibleC.indefiniteD.incompatible 【答案】A【解析】句意:众所周知，知识是拓展思维的必备条件。

考查形容词辨析。

indispensable不可缺少的，必不可少的；incredible惊人的，不可思议的；indefinite 无限期的，不明确的；incompatible 不相容的，不匹配的。

故A符合句意。

3.单选题When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance. In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet’s environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years.Most importantly, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates （灵长目动物）some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it.The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign （宜人的）global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years—during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth’s climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future—even without the influence of human activity.1. Farming emerged as a survival strategy because man had been obliged（）.2. Earth scientists have come to understand that climate（）.3. Scientists believe that human evolution（）.4. Evidence of past climatic changes indicates that（）.5. The message the author wishes to convey in the passage is that（）.问题1选项A.to give up his former way of lifeB.to leave the coastal areasC.to follow the ever-shifting vegetationD.to abandon his original settlement问题2选项A.is going through a fundamental changeB.has been getting warmer for 10,000 yearsC.will eventually change from hot to coldD.has gone through periodical changes问题3选项A.has seldom been accompanied by climatic changesB.has exerted little influence on climatic changesC.has largely been affected by climatic changesD.had had a major impact on climatic changes问题4选项A.human activities have accelerated changes of Earth’s environmentB.Earth’s environment will remain mild despite human interferenceC.Earth’s climate is bound to change significantly in the futureD.Earth’s climate is unlikely to undergo substantial changes in the future问题5选项A.human civilization remains glorious though it is affected by climatic changesB.mankind is virtually helpless in the face of the dramatic changes of climateC.man has to limit his activities to slow down the global warming processD.human civilization will continue to develop in spite of the changes of nature【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I recommend that the planning（）until all the materials have been supplied.问题1选项A.is not startedB.will not be startedC.not be startedD.is not to be started【答案】C【解析】句意:我建议应该在所有的材料己被提供后才启动这个计划。

语法题。

考查虚拟语气。

句子谓语为recommend,表示要求建议,这类动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气: (should) +原形动词，且should —般会省略,故选C。

2.单选题This is not the right（）to ask for my help; I am far too busy even to listen.问题1选项A.timeB.opportunityC.chanceD.case 【答案】A【解析】句意:这不是向我寻求帮助的恰当吋机，我太忙了，甚至没时间倾听。

考查固定搭配。

it is the right time to do sth. 是做某事的恰当时机。

故选A。

3.单选题She was so fat that she could only just（）through the door.问题1选项A.assembleB.appearC.squeezeD.gather【答案】C【解析】句意:她如此胖，以至于只能挤过这扇门。

考查动词辨析。

assemble 聚集，集合，收集;appear 出现，显得，似乎，看来；squeeze 挤，紧握，勒索；squeeze through 挤过，勉强通过;gather 收集，收割，使……聚集。

故C符合句意。

4.单选题The government（）to approve the use of wide-spread surveillance when the Justice Department took objections.问题1选项A.is goingB.had beenC.was aboutD.is coming【答案】C【解析】句意:政府即将同意采取广泛监督的手段吋，却遭到了司法部的反对。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The machine might work if we（）it very carefully.问题1选项A.obtainB.operateC.opposeD.object【答案】B【解析】句意:如果我们非常小心地操作这台机器,那么它可能会运转。

考查动词辨析。

obtain (尤指经努力)获得,赢得,存在;operate 运转,工作,操作,控制,使运行;oppose 反对,对抗;object 反对,拒绝。

空格处动词的宾语为it,即指代前面的machine(机器),因此B符合句意。

2.单选题It takes much time to solve the problem one by one. Can we generalize common（）to apply to similar problems?问题1选项A.meansB.techniquesC.tipsD.solutions 【答案】D【解析】句意:一个接一个地解决问题需要很多吋间。

我们能归纳出适用于所有类似问题的通用解决方法吗？考查名词辨析。

means 手段,方法;technique 技巧,技艺,工艺;tip尖端,尖儿,端;solution 解决方案,溶液,溶解。

根据关键信息“problem (问题)”可知D符合句意。

3.单选题Those who（）traffic regulations should be punished.问题1选项A.rotateB.violateC.abuseD.degrade【答案】B【解析】句意:违反交通法规的那些人应该受处罚。

考查动词辨析。

rotate (使)旋转,转动;(工作)由…轮值;violate 违反,违犯,违背(法律、协议等),侵犯(隐私等);abuse 滥用,虐待;degrade 贬低,使……丢脸,使……降级,使降解。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题We’d better（）our watches if we all want to be there at the same time.问题1选项A.harmonizeB.synchronizeC.symbolizeD.systematize【答案】B【解析】句意:如果我们都想在同样的吋间到达那里，那么我们最好让我们手表的时间一致。

考查动词辨析。

harmonize 使和谐，以和声唱；synchronize （使）同步，在吋间上一致，同速进行；symbolize 象征，用符号表现；systematize 使系统化，使组织化。

故选B。

2.单选题The economic recession has meant that job（）is a rare thing.问题1选项A.securityB.safetyC.protection forD.secureness 【答案】A【解析】句意:这场经济衰退己经意味着工作保障是罕见的事情。

考查名词辨析。

security 安全，保障；safety 安全，保险;protection 保护，防卫;secureness安全，（船）停泊，固定。

因此A符合句意。

3.单选题“Which coat did your husband buy?” “The black one, but I（）the green one.”问题1选项A.would rather have boughtB.would rather buyC.would have rather boughtD.rather had bought【答案】A【解析】句意:“你的丈夫买了哪一件外套？”“黑色的那件外套，但我宁愿买绿色的那件。

”语法题。

考查虚拟语气。

这里表示对过去已发生事情的假设,所以表示对过去的虚拟: would rather have+done。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题A terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched the（）sight on TV.问题1选项A.panicB.patrioticC.patheticD.periodic【答案】C【解析】句意:一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了，当在电视上看到这个悲惨的场景时，人们是难过的。

考查形容词辨析。

panic恐慌的，惊慌失措的；patriotic 爱国的;pathetic 可怜的，令人同情的，悲惨的；periodic 周期的，定期的。

根据前半句句意“一起惨不忍睹的交通事故发生了”可知C正确。

2.单选题（）your inquires, we regret to inform you that we cannot help you in this matter.问题1选项A.In relation toB.In request toC.In response toD.In answer to 【答案】C【解析】句意:对于你的询问，我们遗憾地告诉你我们在这件事情上帮不了你。

考查短语辨析。

in relation to 关于，涉及；in request to无此搭配；in response to 响应，回答，对有反应（比较正式的表达方式）；in answer to 回答，应……要求（不正式的口语表达方式）。

因此C 符合句意。

3.单选题There is supposed to be a safety（）which makes it impossible for trains to collide, thus it can avoid heavy losses.问题1选项A.applianceB.accessoryC.machineD.mechanism【答案】D【解析】句意:应该要有一个可以避免火车相撞的机制，从而避免重大损失。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The device can（）different measurements by electronics means.问题1选项A.imitateB.copyC.mockD.fake【答案】A【解析】句意:这个设备能通过电子手段来模拟不同的尺寸。

考查动词辨析。

Imitate模仿,仿效,模仿(某人的讲话、举止); copy 复制,抄袭;mock 愚弄,嘲弄;fake 捏造,假装…的样子。

故A符合句意。

2.单选题Fewer and fewer of today’s workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field,（）the same company.问题1选项A.all elseB.much worseC.let aloneD.less likely 【答案】C【解析】句意:如今越来越少的工人期望在工作生涯中都一直在同样的领域工作，更不必说一直在同样的公司工作。

考查短语辨析。

all else 其他所有;much worse 更糟糕的是;let alone 更不用说，听任，不打扰；less likely 最不可能的是，较少可能。

空格前后表示递进,故选C。

3.单选题Do you regret paying fifty dollars for the dog?” “No, I would gladly pay（）for hi m.”问题1选项A.as much twiceB.twice so muchC.much twiceD.twice as much【答案】D【解析】句意:你后悔为这条狗支付50美元不？”。

“不，我乐意为了他支付双倍”。

语法题。

考查倍数的表达。

倍数的固定表达方式: 倍数+as+形容词或副词+（as+另一比较对象）,前文己交代另一比较对象的情况下，括号中的部分可省略来避免重复,因此D正确。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Those who（）traffic regulations should be punished.问题1选项A.rotateB.violateC.abuseD.degrade【答案】B【解析】句意:违反交通法规的那些人应该受处罚。

考查动词辨析。

rotate (使)旋转,转动;(工作)由…轮值;violate 违反,违犯,违背(法律、协议等),侵犯(隐私等);abuse 滥用,虐待;degrade 贬低,使……丢脸,使……降级,使降解。

因此B符合句意。

2.单选题His argument does not suggest that mankind can（）to be wasteful in the utilization of these resources.问题1选项A.resortB.grantC.affordD.entitle 【答案】C【解析】句意:他的论据未标明，人类在这些资源的使用上能浪费得起。

考查动词辨析。

resort 常去，求助，诉诸，resort to 依靠，求助于；;grant 授予，允许，承认，grant to 同意给予，准予；afford 给予，提供，承担得起;afford to （有条件）做，承担得起，负担得起；entitle 给……称号，使……有权利。

因此C符合句意。

3.单选题The damage to my car was（）in the accident, but I have a lingering fear even today.问题1选项A.insufficientB.ambiguousC.negligibleD.ignorance【答案】C【解析】句意:事故中，我的车损伤并不严重，但我至今仍然心有余悸。

考查形容词辨析。

insufficient 不足的，不够的；ambiguous 含糊的，不确定的；negligible 无足轻重的，微不足道的；ignorance无知，愚昧。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题It is an offence to show（）against people of different races.问题1选项A.distinctionB.differenceC.separationD.discrimination【答案】D【解析】句意:对不同种族的人表现出歧视是一种冒犯。

考查名词辨析。

distinction区别，特性;difference差异，不同;separation分离，距离;discrimination 歧视，区别，辨别。

故D符合句意。

2.单选题The（）young hopefuls were pushed aside in the scramble for jobs.问题1选项A.respectedB.inexperiencedC.prematureD.distinguished 【答案】B【解析】句意:在求职竞争中,没有经验但年轻有志者都被挤掉了。

考查形容词辨析。

Respected受尊敬的; inexperienced无经验的,不熟练的; premature早产的,不成熟的; distinguished著名的,高贵的。

因此B符合句意。

3.单选题So far, the government of that country lias done（）nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.问题1选项A.perceptiblyB.vitallyC.practicallyD.identically【答案】C【解析】句意:到目前为止，那个国家的政府事实上没有做任何事情去应对核事故胁。

考查副词辨析。

perceptibly显然地，看得出地；vitally 紧要地，生死攸关地；practically 几乎，事实上；identically 同一地，相等地。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题My daughter lias walked eight miles today. We never guessed that she could walk（）far.问题1选项A./B.suchC.thatD.as【答案】C【解析】句意:我女儿今天己经步行了8英里。

我们从未想到她能步行那么远。

考查连词辨析。

Such是代词或限定词表示“这样（的）”，一般不修饰形容词；that （与表数量或范围的形容词和副词连用）那样，那么；as 同样地；和……一样的。

因此C符合句意。

2.单选题His argument does not suggest that mankind can（）to be wasteful in the utilization of these resources.问题1选项A.resortB.grantC.affordD.entitle 【答案】C【解析】句意:他的论据未标明，人类在这些资源的使用上能浪费得起。

考查动词辨析。

resort 常去，求助，诉诸，resort to 依靠，求助于；;grant 授予，允许，承认，grant to 同意给予，准予；afford 给予，提供，承担得起;afford to （有条件）做，承担得起，负担得起；entitle 给……称号，使……有权利。

因此C符合句意。

3.单选题At the end of the Second World War, American spending on research and development（） half the world’s total; today, it has dropped to one third.问题1选项A.made upB.made forC.made up forD.made from【答案】A【解析】句意:二战结束吋，美国在研究和发展上的支出占世界在这些方面总支出的一半，如今该比例下降到了三分之一。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The couple has donated a not（）amount of money to the foundation.问题1选项A.inconsiderableB.inconsiderateC.inaccurateD.incomparable【答案】A【解析】句意:这对夫妇为这个基金会己经捐献了不少钱。

考查形容词辨析。

inconsiderable 小的,不値得考虑的,微不足道的；inconsiderate 轻率的,不顾别人的;inaccurate不精确的,不准确的； incomparable 无可匹敌的,不能比较的。

故A符合句意。

2.单选题We should maintain our cultural（），which represents the deep memory of our nation.问题1选项A.agencyB.tendencyC.legacyD.fancy 【答案】C【解析】句意:我们应该维护好代表我们民族最深刻记忆的文化遗产。

考查名词辨析。

Agency服务机构,(尤指)代理机构; tendency 偏好,性情,趋势; legacy 遗产,遗赠财物,遗留; fancy想象的事物,想象(力)。

故C符合句意。

3.翻译题A popular way of mustering innovative and fresh ideas is to hold a brainstorming session —but according to a paper published recently in Applied Cognitive Psychology, this may not be the best approach. The study, which was carried out by Nicholas Kohn of the University of Texas at Arlington and Steven Smith of Texas A&M University, suggests that instead of enhanci ng creativity. brainstoiTnin.u sessions may give rise to a “collaborative fixation” on certain ideas.(1)In keeping with previous studies, the authors first found that participants produced fewer ideas in total when taking part in a brainstorming session than if they had been working separately. The difference was as high as 44% in the first 5 minutes of a brainstorming session. The authors also found that when working separately particii)ants explored a greater variety of ideas, up to 55% more idea categories than dm.ing brainstomiing sessions. (2)In a second experiment, the researchers found that participants in a brainstorming session tended to conform to ideas to which they were exposed, and the rate of conformity increased as the number of ideas expose d increased. (3) The authors wrote in their paper “Fixation to other people’s ideas can occur unconsciously and lead to you suggesting ideas that mimic your brainstoniiin»partners.’’ (4)Thus, you potentially become less creative,” Kohn explains in an acco mpanying press release. This doesn’t necessarily mean that you should ban brainstorming sessions from your lab meetings. You might just need to adjust the format. It seems odd, but, depending on what you want to achieve, the best approach might be to put e veryone in a separate room. “Assuming it is desirable to have a wide variety of ideas or solutions to a problem...then one should split the brainstorming group into non-interacting individuals, avoiding a group session,” the authors write in their research paper. “On the other hand, if the goal is to explore a few categories in depth, then interacting among the members should be encouraged. Also, taking a break might help alleviate fixation, leading to an improvement in ideation, especially in temis of the quantity and variety of ideas. (5)’’【答案】1.集体研讨会议不但没有提高创造性，反而可能在某些想法上会引起“合作的固定”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题So far, the government of that country lias done（）nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.问题1选项A.perceptiblyB.vitallyC.practicallyD.identically【答案】C【解析】句意:到目前为止，那个国家的政府事实上没有做任何事情去应对核事故胁。

考查副词辨析。

perceptibly显然地，看得出地；vitally 紧要地，生死攸关地；practically 几乎，事实上；identically 同一地，相等地。

因此C符合句意。

2.单选题（）the stress of examinations are over, we can all relax.问题1选项A.WhileB.Even thoughC.Now thatD.For 【答案】C【解析】句意:既然考试的压力结朿了，因此我们都能放松下了。

考查短语辨析。

while 虽然，然而，当……的时候;even though 虽然，即使；now that 既然，由于;for 为了，对于，适合于;因为（这个词在表示原因时一般不放在句首）。

分析句意可知前后句子为因果关系。

故C符合句意。

3.单选题There are only ten apples left in the baskets,（）the spoilt ones.问题1选项A.not countingB.not to countC.don't countD.having not counted【答案】A【解析】句意:不算上坏了的苹果，这个篮子里只剩下10个苹果了。

语法题。

考查现在分词做伴随状语。

句子前半句已经完整,所以后半句用了count的现在分词形式做伴随状语。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题As they don’t yet have a proven track record, their colleagues will be（）to entrust them with important projects.问题1选项A.reluctantB.redundantC.relevantD.resistant【答案】A【解析】句意:由于他们没有过去工作表现的记录,所以其他同事不愿意将重要的项目交给他们。

考查形容词辨析。

Reluctant不情愿的,勉强的;redundant多余的,失业的,冗长的;relevant 相关的,切题的;resistant 反抗的,顽固的。

因此A符合句意。

2.单选题I recommend that the planning（）until all the materials have been supplied.问题1选项A.is not startedB.will not be startedC.not be startedD.is not to be started 【答案】C【解析】句意:我建议应该在所有的材料己被提供后才启动这个计划。

语法题。

考查虚拟语气。

句子谓语为recommend,表示要求建议,这类动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气: (should) +原形动词，且should —般会省略,故选C。

3.单选题A rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the United State as settlement spread ever farther westward. The early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with troublesome mechanical problems. The most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safe, affective stopping system. Once these were solved, the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation. By 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads crossing the eastern mountain ranges and reaching westward to the Mississippi. There were also regional southern and western lines.The high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first transcontinental system. In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific. The Government helped the railroads generously with money and land. Actual work on this project began four years later. The Central Pacific Company, starting from California, used Chinese labor, while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish laborers. The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater distance than the other. In 1869 they met at a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah. Many visitors came there for the great occasion. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement.The railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement. It also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets. In linking towns and people to one another, it helped unify the United States.1. The major problems with America’s railroad system in the middle I9lh century lay in（）.2. The building of the first transcontinental system（）.3. The best title for this passage would be（）.4. The construction of the transcontinental railroad took（）.5. What most likely made people think about a transcontinental railroad?问题1选项A.poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systemsck of financial support for developmentC.limited railroad linesck of a transcontinental railroad问题2选项A.brought about a rapid growth of industry and farming in the westB.attracted many visitors to the construction sitesC.attracted laborers from EuropeD.encouraged people to travel all over the country问题3选项A.Settlements Spread WestwardB.The Coast-to-Coast Railroad: A Vital LinkC.American Railroad HistoryD.The Importance of Trains in the American Economy问题4选项A.9 yearsB.7 yearsC.4 yearsD.3 years 问题5选项A.The possibility of government support for such a task.B.The need to explore Utah.C.The need to connect the east coast with the west.D.The need to develop the railroad industry in the west.【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The company expanded its business into Europe, hoping to（）.问题1选项A.boostB.encourageC.urgeD.accelerate【答案】A【解析】句意:这家公司把它的业务扩展到了欧洲,希望能够增加市场份额。

考查动词辨析。

Boost 使增长,使兴旺,偷窃; encourage鼓励,激励; urge催促,驱策; accelerate 加快,加速。

空格的宾语为“its market share (市场份额)”,因此A符合句意。

2.翻译题A popular way of mustering innovative and fresh ideas is to hold a brainstorming session —but according to a paper published recently in Applied Cognitive Psychology, this may not be the best approach. The study, which was carried out by Nicholas Kohn of the University of Texas at Arlington and Steven Smith of Texas A&M University, suggests that instead of enhancing creativity. brainstoiT nin.u sessions may give rise to a “collaborative fixation” on certain ideas.(1)In keeping with previous studies, the authors first found that participants produced fewer ideas in total when taking part in a brainstorming session than if they had been working separately. The difference was as high as 44% in the first 5 minutes of a brainstorming session. The authors also found that when working separately particii)ants explored a greater variety of ideas, up to 55% more idea categories than dm.ing brainstomiing sessions. (2)In a second experiment, the researchers found that participants in a brainstorming session tended to conform to ideas to which they were exposed, and the rate of conformity increased as the number of ideas exposed increased. (3) The auth ors wrote in their paper “Fixation to other people’s ideas can occur unconsciously and lead to you suggesting ideas that mimic your brainstoniiin»partners.’’ (4)Thus, you potentially become less creative,” Kohn explains in an accompanying press release. T his doesn’t necessarily mean that you should ban brainstorming sessions from your lab meetings. You might just need to adjust the format. It seems odd, but, depending on what you want to achieve, the best approach might be to put everyone in a separate roo m. “Assuming it is desirable to have a wide variety of ideas or solutions to a problem...then one should split the brainstorming group into non-interacting individuals, avoiding a group session,” the authors write in their research paper. “On the other hand, if the goal is to explore a few categories in depth, then interacting among the members should be encouraged. Also, taking a break might help alleviate fixation, leading to an improvement in ideation, especially in temis of the quantity and variety of i deas. (5)’’【答案】1.集体研讨会议不但没有提高创造性，反而可能在某些想法上会引起“合作的固定”。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The company expanded its business into Europe, hoping to（）.问题1选项A.boostB.encourageC.urgeD.accelerate【答案】A【解析】句意:这家公司把它的业务扩展到了欧洲,希望能够增加市场份额。

考查动词辨析。

Boost 使增长,使兴旺,偷窃; encourage鼓励,激励; urge催促,驱策; accelerate 加快,加速。

空格的宾语为“its market share (市场份额)”,因此A符合句意。

2.单选题Many years ago, I was interviewing for a CIO (Chief Information Officer) position at Brown University. Howard Swearer, the president of Brown at that time, asked me: “What is the greatest（1）that you would bring to the position?” I answered: “I am multilingual.” He （2）at me for a moment, as if I had lost my mind entirely. I went on to（3）that I was capable of effectively（4）with faculty, with students, with vendors, with trustees, and with other administrators. The CIO needs to be able to interact effectively and be respected by a variety of audiences.Effectiveness of interaction is（5）on whether or not an individual can understand the（6）and problems being faced by a particular user. This is true on the academic side of the house, where one needs to understand the technology requirements and problems of a particle physicist, a classicist, or an economist. There are different（7）for data files, transmission speeds, and many other IT issues that directly affect the scholarship of these varying disciplines. The ability to（8）some of these scholarly requirements is（9）to being viewed as a partner in the academic enterprise rather than just as some bureaucrat who has（10）for the IT environment on campus.问题1选项A.trengthB.newsC.possibilityD.change问题2选项A.nterviewedB.staredC.wonderedD.angered问题3选项A.nswerB.explainC.indicateD.demonstrate问题4选项A.alkingB.speakingC.cooperatingmunicating问题5选项A.ependedB.basedC.resultedD.taken问题6选项A.hocksB.worriesC.questionsD.concerns问题7选项A.eedsB.issuesC.elementsD.concerns问题8选项A.nowB.find outC.look forD.understand问题9选项A.pecialB.inevitableC.essentialD.required问题10选项A.oncernsB.worriesC.responsibilityD.confidence【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B第6题:D第7题:A第8题:D第9题:C第10题:C【解析】1.名词辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Some criminals were printing（）dollar bills until they were arrested.问题1选项A.decentB.fakeC.patentD.suspicious【答案】B【解析】句意:有些罪犯直到被逮捕吋还正在印刷伪造的美钞。

考查形容词辨析。

decent像样的，相当不错的，正派的，得体的，相当好的；fake 假的，伪造的，冒充的；patent 专利的，显然的；suspicious 可疑的，怀疑的，多疑的。

故B符合句意。

2.单选题We must（）that the procedure is followed as rigidly as possible.问题1选项A.secureB.ensureC.assureD.issue 【答案】B【解析】句意:我们必须确保这个程序尽可能被严格遵循。

考查动词辨析。

secure 保护，弄到；ensure 保证，确保，使安全； assure 保证，担保，使确信（侧重指消除某人思想上的怀疑或担心）；issue 发布。

因此B符合句意。

3.单选题Fuel scarcities（）automobile designers to develop small-displacement vehicles for public use.问题1选项A.promptedB.encouragedC.fomentedD.spotlighted【答案】A【解析】句意:燃料短缺促使汽车设计师开发供公众使用的小排量汽车。

考查动词辨析。

选项均为对应动词的过去式。

prompt 提示，促使，激起；encourage鼓励，激励；foment 煽动，挑起；；spotlight聚光照明，使公众注意。

因此A符合句意。

4.单选题Please do not be（）by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.问题1选项A.disregardedB.distortedC.irritatedD.intervened【答案】C【解析】句意:他只是想引起注意，所以请不要因为他的不礼貌而生气。