当前位置：文档之家 › 组织学与胚胎学英文课件全 套PPT课件

组织学与胚胎学英文课件全 套PPT课件

  • 格式：ppt
  • 大小：29.92 MB
  • 文档页数：741

下载文档原格式

  / 229

合集下载

组织学与胚胎学绪论中英PPT课件

组织学与胚胎学绪论中英PPT课件
System:系统formed by several function-related organs which together perform a continuous physiological function.
For example: digestive system
.
3
.
4
Why do we study histology ?
Smear preparations:
for blood etc;
Grind preparations:
for bone
.
9
2. Staining染色
❖ Purpose:To make tissue section for observation ❖ H-E Staining:
Hematoxylin:苏木精 basic dye, bluish color Eosin:伊红acid dye, pink color
❖ To complete the knowledge of human body’s structures----from gross to microscopic
❖ Be able to understand how the different tissues function----the basis of physiology
.
10
Neutrophilic:中 性 do not stain with both basic and acid dyes Argyrophilia:嗜银性 those with an affinity for silver, dark-brown color
.
11
Silver staining of the neuron and the bile canaliculi

组织学与胚胎学PPT课件

组织学与胚胎学PPT课件
定义 • 恢复2 倍体核型，受精卵发育的新个 体的遗传性状为双亲的混合
受精过程
• 决定性别 受精意义 • 启动卵子代谢和细胞分裂
6
受精 胚泡形成 胚层形成 三胚层分化
• 卵裂：为受精卵的有丝分裂，子细胞
胚泡形成 称卵裂球（blastomere） 图3 • 桑椹胚：第3 天，含12～16个细胞
• 胚泡（blastocyst）：第4 天形成，约
组织学与胚胎学
1
胚胎发生总论
General Embryology
主编：邹仲之
2
受精 胚泡形成 胚层形成 三胚层分化
• 受精（fertilization）：精子和卵子结合 定义 形成受精卵的过程
• 部位：输卵管壶腹部 受精过程 • 时间：精子－进入女性生殖管道后24 受精意义 小时内；卵子－排卵后24小时内
上胚层（epiblast）:单层柱状细胞
三胚层 下胚层（hypoblast）:单层立方细胞
胚盘
• 羊膜腔、羊膜囊、羊膜细胞、羊水
• 卵黄囊
• 胚外中胚层、胚外体腔、体蒂 图9
10
受精 胚泡形成 胚层形成 三胚层分化
第3 周
二胚层
图10、11
胚盘 • 上胚层→原条→原沟→中胚层
（mesoderm）和内胚层（endoderm）
脐带（umbilical cord）←体蒂 图27 • 构成：羊膜、黏液性结缔组织、2 条
脐动脉和1条脐静脉、闭锁的卵黄囊和 尿囊 • 作用：通过脐血管进行物质运输 • 足月长度：40～60 cm
13
受精 胚泡形成 胚层形成 三胚层分化
外胚层 分化
中胚层 分化
内胚层 分化 胚体形 成
图18、19

组织学与胚胎学英文课件------e17

组织学与胚胎学英文课件------e17
nephron /renal glomerulus: /renal capsule ---renal tubule: /proximal tubule:
-convoluted portion -straight portion /thin segment /distal tubule: -straight portion -convoluted portion
remove waste products of metabolism
regulate the homeostasis
secrete some bioactive factors- renin, erythropoietin
*cavity organs: mucosa: /epi-transitional epi /lamina propria muscularis: SM adventitia: CT
/renal
corpuscle
=glomerulus + renal
capsule(beginning part
of renal tubule)
/nephron=renal corpuscle + renal tubule
---interstitium: CT, BV, N
2) Nephron: structural and functional unit, 1,000,000 ---renal corpuscle: cortical and juxtamedullary
-minor calyx -major calyx -pelvis
*renal lobe: one renal pyramid and its bounding cortical tissue

《组织学与胚胎学》课件

《组织学与胚胎学》课件
强调组织学和胚胎学在医学研 究中的重要作用，包括干细胞 研究和组织再生。
总结
1 组织学与胚胎学的联
系和区别
总结组织学和胚胎学的联 系和区别，强调它们在生 物学研ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ中的互补性。
2 未来的发展趋势
展望组织学和胚胎学的未 来发展方向，如组织工程 和胚胎干细胞研究。
3 研究意义和社会价值
强调组织学和胚胎学的研 究意义和社会价值，如促 进疾病治疗和生殖健康。
3
不同胚层和器官的形成过程
解释胚层和器官的形成过程，如原肠胚层和中胚层的分化。
组织学与胚胎学的应用
组织学在疾病诊断中的应 用
探讨组织学在疾病诊断和治疗 中的重要性，如组织活检和病 理学分析。
胚胎学在生殖医学中的应 用
说明胚胎学在辅助生殖技术和 胚胎选择中的应用，如体外受 精和基因编辑。
组织学和胚胎学在医学研 究中的重要性
细胞和组织的分类
解释不同种类的细胞和组织，并说明它们在身体 中的功能。
组织学技术和常用染色方法
介绍组织学研究中的常用技术和染色方法，如切 片技术和免疫组化染色。
胚胎学
1
胚胎学的概念和发展历程
阐述胚胎学的定义和发展历程，包括早期胚胎学和现代胚胎学的研究方法。
2
胚胎发育的阶段和特征
描述胚胎发育的各个阶段和特征，例如受精、分裂、胚胎腔形成等。
《组织学与胚胎学》PPT 课件
本课件介绍了组织学和胚胎学的基本概念，包括组织学的原则、组织的结构 和功能，以及胚胎发育的阶段和形成过程。
组织学
组织学的概念和基本原则
介绍组织学的定义和基本原则，包括细胞和细胞 组织的结构特点。
组织的结构和功能
探讨各种组织的结构和功能，例如神经组织、肌 肉组织和结缔组织。

组织学与胚胎学英文课件------e27

组织学与胚胎学英文课件------e27
Chapter 27
Development of circulatory system
1. Forma
1) extra-embryonic blood vessels
---blood island: at the middle of 3rd week, wall of the yolk sac mesenchyma proliferate and form isolated cell clusters, the peripheral cell become flattened and differentiate into endothelial cell to from endothelial tube; central located cells are detached and develop into primitive blood cells(blood stem cell)
and
epicardium
2) Further development of the heart
---single cardiac tube connected caudally to the umbilical, vitelline and common cardinal vein; cephalically connected to the dorsal aortae by means of aortic arches
---by the end of 3rd week, intraembryonic and extraembryonic endothelial tube networks connect to each other to form a diffuse endothelial tube network

组胚学英文版ppt课件Respiratory-System

组胚学英文版ppt课件Respiratory-System

among ciliated cells and often project into the lumen of the bronchioles. They are dome-
shaped cells without cilia and contain apical granules (visible only with a special stain);
Trachea
Mucosa/Submucosa/ Adventitia
3
A. Mucosa: 1. Epithelium: Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with much thicker basement membrane.
4
1. Ciliated cell 2. Goblet cell 3. Basal cell 4. Brush cell 5. Diffuse neuroendocrine
27
alveolar sac
28
Lined by few brush cells and 2 types of simple epithelium. Surrounded by rich continuous capillaries.
29
pulmonary alveolar
30
a. type I cells (squamous alveolar cells): squamous,
19
Model photo for Clara cells
20
EM for Clara cells
G secreted granules
S SER
21
Clara cells, terminal bronchioles. Clara cells are secretory cells that are scattered

大学组织学与胚胎学maleppt课件

大学组织学与胚胎学maleppt课件
间排列，腔不规则。 （2）附睾管—上皮由高柱状细胞和基细胞组成，
腔规则，其内见大量精子。
2. Functions
精子达生理性成熟： (1)分泌多种物质：
前向运动蛋白 糖蛋白 制动素
顶体稳定因子 肉毒碱、甘油磷酸胆碱、唾液酸等。 (2) 吸收浓缩： (3) 保护:血－附睾屏障-位于主细胞近腔面的
紧密连接处。
母细胞
精子 变
2n
细胞 态
23, y
1n 23, x
精原分裂增殖
精母C成熟分裂 （, DNA复制；, 染色单体分离）
精子C变态 形成精子
1）精原细胞(spermatogonium)：
primitive germ cells. are small round cells. are situated on the basal lamina(基膜). include type A and type B spermatogonia.
尾部 (Middle piece)
（鞭毛） 主段——最长，轴丝+致密纤维+ 纤维鞘。( Principal piece)
末段——轴丝。(End piece)
进展：精子为什么易受损伤？
1、环境因素的变化，特别是长期接触 低剂量的具有雌激素活性的物质。
2、精子的生物学特点：由于精子变态 过程中丢失大量胞质，胞质中的 DNA修复酶丢失，使DNA的损伤得 不到修复。
2. 支持细胞(sustentacular cell or sertoli cell 塞托利细胞) （1）形态结构
(2) Function:
A. 支持、营养； B. 吞噬; C.分泌： 1.睾丸液， 2.雄激素结合蛋白(ABP)， 3. 抑制素 (inhibin), 4.抗中肾旁管激素

组织胚胎学骨组织英文课件

组织胚胎学骨组织英文课件

ankyrin band 3 protein glycophorin
band 4.1 protein actin tropomyosin tropomodulin βchain of spectirn αchain of spectirn
Erythrocyte membrane skeleton
maintain biconcave disk and deformability
Blood cell
WBC４×109～10×109/L
Neutrophil 50％～70％
Granulocyte
Eosinophil 0.5％～3％ Basophil 0％～l％ Lymophocyte 20%～30％ Monocyte %～8%
Agranulocyte
Pt 100 × 109～ 300 × 109 /L
hemolytic transfusion reaction
Reticulocyte:
0.5%-1% ribosomes, synthesis of Hb
White blood cell
Granulocyte: specific granules, azurophilic granules neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil Agranulocyte: azurophilic granules monocyte and lymophocyte
Function:
nutrients and oxygen wastes and carbon dioxide hormones and other regulatory substances maintenance of homeostasis
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

1. structure of Microscope
LM ---useful magnifi00,000X 0.2nm
2. Preparation of tissue for LM The most routine one is paraffin section stained with hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) The steps: a. Obtaining th specimen: fresh, small pieces ( less than 5mm3)-tissue block b. Fixation: fixatives: use formalin or Bouin’s to preserve structural organisation c. Dehydration: use ethyl alcohol to get rid of water of tissue and cell
II.What’s Embryology? Embryology is a kind of science which study the processes and the regulations of the development of human fetus.
III. How to study it- histological methods ---Development of histology deponds on the development of technique. ---Histology studies the microstructures. So, we should have the aid of microscope to study. Several types of microscopes are available. According to the light source used, microscopes can be basally classified as: light microscope(LM) electron microscope(EM)
d. Clearing: use xylene to get rid of alcohol *alcohol and xylene are embedding mediums e. Embedding: firstly, heat the paraffin, make it melt, then put tissue block into melted paraffin, allow paraffin harden, the tissue block is embedded in.
Cell: smallest unit of structure and function of body ↓ tissue: group of cell+extracellular ground substance four basic tissue: ---epithelium ↓ ---connective tissue ---muscular tissue ---nervous tissue organ: made up of tissue, have special shape, structure and function ↓ system: organs Which have related function get together.
f.
Sectioning: use microtome to cut the tissue into 3-8um thick sections, then monted them on glass slides g. H&E staining ---Hematoxylin: basic stain, combines with acidic components, make them appear blue colour- we call such components as basophilic ---Eosin: acidic stain, combines with basic components, make them appear pink colourwe call such components as acidophilic(eosinophilic)
3. Preparation of tissue for EM The steps are same to preparation for LM a. tissue block: more small, less than 1mm3 b. plastic materials for embedding c. ultra-thin sections is about 30-50nm thick( use ultramicrotome) d. heavy metal salts- increase staining contrast ---lead citrate ---uranyl acatate
Chapter 1 Introduction
I. What’s histology? II. Why we study it ? III. How to study it ?-Histological methods.
I. What’s histology? Histology (Greek words): /histo-tissue /logia-study of ,or knowledge of So, histology means the knowledge of tissue, is a branch of Anatomy. Anatomy: ---gross anatomy ---microscopic anatomy Structures related to function. So, exactly, Histology is a science which study the microstructure and the relationship between the structure and function of human being.