2018届上海市复旦附中高三上学期第一次月考英语试题

第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will the speakers do today?A. Tour around the city.B. Buy a train ticket.C. Visit a park.2. What did the woman do last weekend?A. She went on a trip.B. She cleaned her kitchen.C. She moved to a new apartment.3. Where did the man work part time?A. In a bank.B. In a post office.C. In a department store.4. What is the man doing?A. Taking an exam.B. Reading a book.C. Having a class.5. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a library.B. In a concert.C. In a store.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What are the speakers talking about in general?A. The man’s children.B. Their team members.C. A famous athlete.7. What team is Patricia on?A. The swim team.B. The basketball team.C. The dancing team.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题8. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Father and daughter.B. Husband and wife.C. Brother and sister.9. What will the speakers do tomorrow?A. Tidy up the garage.B. Clean up the backyard.C. Go to the supermarket.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.10. Why does the woman ask for the man’s home phone number?A. To invite him to dinner.B. To stop him from calling her.C. To make sure she can reach him.11. How does the woman feel about the man?A. Grateful.B. Curious.C. Impatient.12. What is the woman doing?A. Having dinner.B. Doing exercise.C. Watching a diet programme.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.When is Jessica’s birthday?A. On Sept.8thB. On Sept.9thC. On Sept.10th2.Which restaurant will be the two speakers go to probably?A. A Chinese oneB. An Italian oneC. A Japanese one3.Where does this conversation probably take place?A. At a restaurantB. At a bankC. At a shop4.What caused the accident?A.The girl’s carelessnessB. The high speed of the carC. Thebad condition of the road5.When will the meeting be held?A. At 3 p.m todayB. At 3 p.m tomorrowC.At 2 p.m tomorrow第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。

6.Why does the woman apologize?A.She was late for the workB. She was late for the meetingC. Shedidn't attend the meeting7.What did the woman eat last night?A. BeefB. FishC. Chicken8.When could the woman get into work?A.TomorrowB.Next WednesdayC.The day after tomorrow听第7段材料，回答第9至10题。

2018年10月高三上学期英语第一次月考试卷（有答案）year-old boy in a Sunday school class of 8-year-old girls and boys Sometimes the third graders didn’t wele Philip into their group and usually tricked him This was not because he was older, but because he was “different” You see, Philip suffered from a condition called Downs’s Syn to each child On that beautiful spring day, the children were to go out and discover for themselves some symbol of “nelife” and place it inside the plastic eggsAfter the children returned to the classroom, the teacher opened their eggs one by one, asking each child to explain that symbol of “nelife” The first opened egg contained a flower Everyone cheered In another was a butterfly… When the teacher opened the last egg, it was empty “That’s s tupid,” said someone The teacher felt a pull at his shirt It was Philip Looking up, Philip said, “It’s mine I did it It’s empty I have nelife, because the tomb is empty” Not a sound was heard in class at all From that day on, Philip became a real part of the group They weled him, and whatever made him different was never mentioned againPhilip’s family knehe wouldn’t live a long life, for there were too many things wrong with him41 The underlined word “condition” in the first paragraph probably means ________A gradeB diseaseC statusD health42 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ________A The 8-year-olds were friendly to Philip。

天津一中2017-2018-1 高三年级一月英语试卷第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）16.Successful e-learning demands _____ self-control, _____ quality many children may lack.A.the; aB.a; theC./; aD./; the17.He didn’t make clear when and where the meeting would be held.A.thisB.itC.thatD.these18.Check to be sure you have water and food supplies before you set out fora hiking.A.automaticB.steadyC.concreteD.adequate19.Having staved in the room with no Internet for days, he felt himself entirelycut off from the outside world.A.accessB.loadC.guaranteeD.range20.In the questionnaire, the subjects are questioned whether they banning carsin the city center.A.agreementC.advocateD.conduct21.It's standard practice for a company like this one _____ a security officer.A.employedB.being employedC.to employD.employs22.—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right. I____ him later.A.will callB.have calledC.callD.will be calling23.Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay________.A.in placeB.in orderC.in shapeD.in fashion24.Being a good listener is a kind of quality and that's _____ it takes to keep friendship.A.howA.howB.whatC.whichD.Where25.The leaders of America and Canada hold regular meetings, _____ they can discussways to strengthen security cooperation between the two countries.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.why26.I'm so sorry that I made your computer stop working.- _____. I can repair it myself.A.No big deal.B.Of course not.C.That is right.D.Don't mention it.27.—Tony, it seems that you have been very busy all the time. What do you think ofyour occupation now?—Just so-so. I’ve decided to quit my job in the company next month, where I ____for five years.A.workB.is workingC.will be workingD.will have worked28.Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when to sunlight.A.exposedB.to exposeC.exposingD.being exposed29.---You’ve been in college for half a year. Are you fa miliar with your president?---Yes. He is an outing leader who his reputation.A.looks out fores up withC.lives up toD.looks forward to30.The proportion of elderly people increases in Britain and medical advances makeit possible to keep alive patients who previously.A.would dieB.had diedC.should have diedD.would have died第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从31-50 各题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2018届高三英语上册第一次月考检测试题（带答案）-- actually quite a lot ---- is totally overshadowed by crimes in IraqA WhateverB WhicheverC HoweverD HowThe fact has worried many scientist _______ the earth is being warmer and warmer these yearsA whatB whichC thatD thoughWhen _______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similaritiesA paredB being paredC paringD having paredSection BDirections plete the following passage by using the words in the box Each word can only be used once Note that there is one word more than you needA reminderB destinationC arguedD reasonableE disadvantageF botherG stopsH likelyI nameJ enjoyPackage holidays, covering a two weeks’stay in an attractive location, are increasingly popular because they offer an inclusive price with feextras Once you get to the airport, it is up to the tour guide to see that you get safely to your 41 Excursions, local entertainment, swimming, sunbathing, skiing—you 42 it—it’s all laid on for you There is, in fact, no need for you to 43 to arrange anything yourself You make friends and have a good time, but there is very little chance that you will really get to knothe local people This is even less 44 on a coach tour, when you spend almost your entire time traveling Of course, there are carefully scheduled 45 for。

II．Grammar and Vocabulary Section ASection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, (21)________members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct is (22)_______ the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many peoples lives. It is the same instinct that drives people (23)_______(dress) one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” (24)_____ _______ it is not necessarily true. There is (25)______ practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important (26)_______ it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults (27)______ feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt (28)______ they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.”However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may (29)_____ ______ (urge) to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be (30)_______, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believeare wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.II．Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirection: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Victorian village children had little more than their surroundings and the imaginings (21)______ ______ to content themselves. Francis Kilvert came across this happy scene one day in January 1870:” In the Common Field in front of the cottages(村舍) I found two little figures in the dusk. One tiny naughty boy (22)______(bind) a handkerchief carefully round the face of another even more tiny than (23)______. It was Fred and Jerry Savine. “What are you doing to him?”, I asked Fred. “Please, Sir,” said the child seriously, “we are going to play seek-and-hide.” The two children were quite alone, bu they went on seriously with their game （24）______ _____ they were in a magnificent playground with dozens of children to play with. Oh, the wealth of a child’s imagination and capacity for enjoyment of minor stuff.Sometimes their fun served all the family--blackberrying, (25)______(nut) or picking apples in autumns--though often it was to gather for themselves a little of (26)______ the countryside had to offer. Sybil Marshall and her friends in Cambridgeshire explored and en joyed the world that lay all around them. Looking back to her childhood she wrote: “We dug up tansy roots (27)______(eat) and filled our pockets with wheat whenever we could. We then went on w gather different sorts of flowers to dress ourselves up to play”Kings and Queens”.Children played in the Victorian countryside-- and shopkeeping was one of their games. They also worked Labouring families were among the largest in this country for the reason that almost as soon as they could walk and talk the children (28)_______(expect) to help in some way. The help might be (29)______ the form of small domestic duties, though in areas of cottage industry girls would be made to learn handicraft skills at an early age. And there were always jobs to be done outside--gathering branches or running errands-- and promises to be carried from tasks such as scaring birds or picking stones from the fields. Farmers would prevent children workingtogether, (30)______ they would soon turn to play. “Two boys is half a boy, and thre e boys no boys at all. At harvest, everyone, of any age, took part in the communal effort.The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory. It was a (31) _____ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean. It (32) ________ coastlines, communities and brought death to many people.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Car Cleaner Sent to PrisonLast week, cleaner Peter Blain was sent to prison for six years after (21)________ (find) guilty of stealing. Blain is no ordinary, however, and at first, police were confused about the case. The fact was that over a period of months, Blain cleaned thirty-six cars. This (22)_________not sound like a crime, but they were not his cars, it was not his job and he (23)_________(not pay) to clean them.All the cars, many of (24)________had a price of more than ￡40,000 each, were stolen from expensive car showrooms in the Midlands area of England. Blain was able to steal the cars using a technique which he perfected over time. He walked into car showrooms and pretended that he wanted to buy a car. He then chose a car and said he wanted test-drive it. He drove away from roads, never (25)_________(come) back, absolutely spotless inside and out. Blain washed and clean each one (26)_________leaving it. He was called, “the man you would most want to steal your car” by one judge.When asked in court, Blain revealed that he stole cars in order to make (27)________feel important. He explained that he was a cleaner who didn’t have his own car. So, he drove each car to a different street and spent time cleaning it. He said he felt happy when people saw him and thought the car was (28)__________.When the police finally worked out what was happening, Blain was arrested at his home inSheffield. (29)_________the cars weren’t damaged and he didn’t sell the cars for his own financial benefit, Judge Alan Goldsack told him that a long prison sentence was inevitable. The judge explained that the owners of the car showrooms were victims and (30)_________Blain’s actions did affect their business.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Documentary in Japan Reveals Dark HistoryEvery September 2 -- a day marking Japan’s surrender in the War of Aggression Against China -- is a sensitive day for China and Japan. It has become routine (21)______ on the day Japan’s prime minister gives an empty speech and China urges Japan to reflect upon the history. This year, however, Japanese broadcaster NHK’s independent voice won universal praise in China.Last month, NHK, Japan’s national public broadcasting or ganization, broadcast a documentary titled The Truth of Unit 731. Unit 731 was a secret chemical warfare development of unit of the Japanese military during WWII. Set up around 1936 in Harbin, it conducted cruel experiments (22)______ live human beings to test chemical weapons. Most of the victims were Chinese, some of (23)______ were children. The unit is a subject seldom touched in Japan. The authorities have been eager to cover up that part of history. The documentary, however, reveals the cold-blooded truth to the public.“I have seen no one who left the camp alive after (24)______(experiment) on,” said an officer of Unit 731. Another officer told NHK that (25)______(cover) up their crimes, the unit killed all the people who survived their experiments. “The war was so cruel... it was something that (26)______ never have happened,” he said with tears in eyes in the documentary.In China, Unit 731 has had such a bad reputation that even kids in kindergarten (27)______(hear) about it. The documentary immedia tely caught Chinese audience’s attention(28)______ was widely discussed on China’s social media. Many netizens praised NHK’s courage and called it a “station with a conscience” for releasing the documentary at such a sensitive time.When (29)______(ask) a bout China’s opinion on the documentary, the Foreign Ministry spokesperson replied that the country appreciates the courage of (30)______ who chose to reveal the historical truth. Meanwhile, she urged the Japanese government again to deeply reflect upon the history of aggression by the Japanese military.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Crown Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator(发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity-roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will ______21_____（give）meat tickets worth $ 36 _____22_____they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones ____23______ (attach) to the handlebars measuring how much power _____24_____ (generate) for the hotel.The plan, a world-first, _____25______ (start) on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Fredericka Tomemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman, said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There ____26______be people who will cycle just _____27_____(get) a free meal, but generally I don’t think peopl e will take advantage of our programme.”Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of _____28______(high) percentages in the world , according to the websites visitcopenhagen dk. US environmental website treehugger com recently voted Copenhagen the world’s best city for cyclists. “____29___Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well _______30___a symbol of the hotel’s green profile(形象).”If successful, the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AA young man was getting ready to graduate from college.For many months he had wanted a beautiful sports car in a show room,and (21)_______(know) his father could well afford it,he told him that was all he wanted.As Graduation Day came near,the young man expected signs(22)______that his father had bought the gift.Finally,on the morning of his graduation,his father called him into his own study and told him how proud he was(23)________(have) such a fine son,and told him how much he loved him.He handed his son a beautifully wrapped gift box.Curious,and somewhat disappointed,the young man opened the box and found a lovely,leather(24)_________(bind) Bible, with the young man's name pressed in gold.Angry,he raised his voice to his father,and said "With all your money,you give me a Bible?" and stormed(25)_________the house.Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, (26)________realized his father was very old,and thought perhaps he should go to him.However,(27)________he could make arrangements,he received a telegram(28)_______(tell) him his father had passed away, and willed all his possessions to his son.When he arrived at his father's house,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.He began to search through his father's important papers and saw the still gift-wrapped Bible just as he (29)_________(leave) had left it years ago.With tears,he opened the Bible and began to turn the pages.Suddenly,a car key dropped from the back of the Bible.It had a tag,which(30)________(read) the date of his graduation on it,and the words PAID IN FULL.BThe need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water. (31)_________97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture,the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. (32)_______the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country,many of the world's agricultural industries (33)________(experience) constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons,the costs of water redistribution are very high.Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself,but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. (34)________valleys（山谷）are flooded to create dams,houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides,water may flow easily through pipes to fields,but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to (35)_________.Each country (36)_________ therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation.In Texas, farmers overuse of irrigation water (37)_______ (result) in a 25% reduction of the water stores.In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA,a huge water engineering project provided water (38)________ farming in dry valleys,but much of the water use has been poorly managed.Saudi Arabia's attempts (39)________ (grow) wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves.Because there is no rainfall in these areas,such reserves can only decrease,and it is believed that fifty years of pumping (40)_______ (see) them run dry.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.“Have you gotten married received a salary raise?” “Have you bought a house?”Are you familiar with these questions starting with have you?If you answer is yes, and you are getting sick of answering these questions, you probably have become a member of the “home-fear group”.The “home-fear group” refers to (21)________ feeling anxious about returning home during the spring Festival, they have deep concerns about going back home for such factors as heavy economic pressure, high cost of the festival, the troubles of buying tickets, the long distance of the journey and exposure of private matters (22)________ (involve) family or love life.Now, a special song has been tailor-made for this group.The seven-minute song utilizes a choir style and rap. The beginning of the song (23)_______(sing) by the choir, which involves a family scene (24)________ a recently returned young adult is asked a series of questions by family members. After the “question attack” from relatives, the young man decides to reflect (25)________ his past and also defend himself through rap.According to the official Weibo account of Shanghai rainbow indoor chorus, This is more than just a funny song but a useful guide for young people, a careful listen to some of the lyrics will inspire you on (26)________ to wisely answer many spring festival specific questions.“It is a very interesting yet brainwashing song, truly describing the(27)________ (satisfactory) situation quite a few young Chinese people have been trapped in” Sina W eibo user Santilin clouds said.According to a survey recently conducted among 1,918, young people have been by the research center at China Youth Daily, an overwhelming 86.4 percent of interviewees think it is necessary (28)_______ (return) to their homeland during the spring Festival, (29)______ _______ they are afraid of losing face for an average life or career.“Indeed, we (30)_______ not be that good but we will work hard in the future. That's enough! After all, the essence of spending the Spring Festival is reunion not compression,” the song echoes the theme at the ending.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In most industrialized countries about 105 boys are born for every 100 girls, for a ratio of 1.05, known as the secondary sex ratio, or SSR; the primary sex ratio is the ratio at conception. This is often expressed as the percentage of boys among all births, or about 51.2 percent. The percentage of males among all births is not fixed, however. Since the 1950s and 1960s the overall SSR (21)__________ (decline) in the U.S., Canada and several European countries. There are also both personal and environmental factors that affect the average sex ratio.(22)_________chance of having a boy appears (23)__________(decline) with the mother's age, the father's age and the number of children the family already has. These effects are small. One study in Denmark found that the SSR of children born to fathers younger than 25 was 51.6 percent, which decreased (24)_________51.0 percent among children of fathers at least 40 years of age. Therefore it is unlikely that the declining SSR in many countries results solely from large-scale changes in such personal factors. With regard to environmental factors, improved prenatal and obstetrical care during the first part of the 20th century is largely responsible for an (25)_________(increase) SSR over this period in many countries. The male fetus is more susceptible to loss in the womb than is the female fetus, so with more conceptions reaching term, proportionally more males are born.It is difficult to discern how much of the decrease in sex ratio since the 1950s arises from contaminants in the environment. What is known is that drug use, high occupational exposures and environmental accidents (26)__________ affect SSR. For example, hopeful mothers (27)_________ (take) clomiphene citrate (Clomid) for infertility bore babies with an SSR of only 48.5 percent. Workers producing 1,2- dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), a chemical used to kill worms in agriculture, experienced even larger decreases in the number of male babies . Effects of DBCP on sperm quality (28)__________ (discover) incidentally when male workers found that they were unable to father children. After the exposure ended, male workers experienced some recovery of sperm quality and 36 children were born to 44 workers. Of these 36 children only 10 were boys--an SSR of just 27.8 percent.These dramatic changes resulting from extreme exposures raise the concern that chemicals inthe environment at (29)_________ (low) concentrations may also change the SSR by exposing people over longer periods of time. For example, there are reports that parental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and mercury, each of which is widely distributed in the environment, can affect the sex ratio. (30)___________(confirm)such effects will take careful work on large populations, but the results may be quite important.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There seems never (21)______ (be) a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.In the ancient world, as is today, most boys (22)________ (play) with some kinds of toys and most girls with others. In societies (23)________ social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls (24)_________ (prepare), even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.(25)_________ is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly (26)_________ craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology.It is the universality (普遍性) of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present (27)_______ is amazing. In Egypt, America, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life (28)________ toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.Because toys (29)________ be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cart to the automobile is a direct line of ways up. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓)used by a baby in 3,000 BC to (30)_________ used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness (独创性). Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Feds Want to Know Who’s Protesting TrumpInternet companies often receive requests by law enforcement (21)________ customer info. to help with ongoing investigation. Rarely, however, (22)________ a court order hit up a Web hosting company for upwards of 1.3 million IP addresses to find out who’s been visiting a particular Web site.That’s exactly what happened recently when the U.S. Justice Department tried to get the company DreamHost to turn over contact info, e-mails, photos and data related to a Web site called DisruptJ20. DisruptJ20 (23)________(involve) in organizing protests against the Trump administration.DreamHost bristled at the court order and filed (24)________ appeal. Company special counsel Chris Ghazarian told me that DreamHost rarely gets requests to turn over that much client information. IP addresses, in particular, can identify (25)________ computers visited a site, when they visited, what they viewed and for how long. IP addresses can also be used to reveal a Web user’s identity.The Justice Department later revised its request, (26)________ (say) it was not going to force DreamHost to turn over text and photos from blog posts written but never (27)________ (post) to DisruptJ20.A Washington, D.C., Superior Court then further amended the government’s request. The judge asked the Justice Department to list the names of all government investigators who will have access to DreamHost’s data and to explain how it will search through the data to gatherevidence against Trump dissenters. Justice (28)________ (bar) from sharing the information with other government agencies.We’ll see whether the government ends up prosecuting anyone (29)________(use) DreamHost’s data. If that happens it could drive digital civil disobedience to encrypted mobile apps or possibly the Dark web, a largely uncharted online realm (30)________ it’s easier to remain anonymous.That would raise disturbing questions about the state of citizens’ First Amendment11 rights in the U.S. these days.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Hair products have risen sharply in popularity over the past decade. The average woman spends about $50,000 on her hair over her lifetime and almost two hours a week (21) (style) her hair. What is the reason for the high interest in hair maintenance? This is not just because women believe that appearances are important, (22) also because hair represents their personality, thoughts and beliefs."I’m having a bad hair day!" Many women have said it. For them a bad hair day equals a bad day: when their hair is too frizzy (卷曲的),too dry, turning grey or falling out, their self-esteem is seriously affected. The ties (23)_____ hair and self-esteem is evident throughout history, philosophy and even religion.To some extent, hair has become a big part of women's identity. It helps define the persona (人物角色）they aim to create to impress others, whether as an intellectual or a rebel. Hair can also influence the way (24) they define themselves, as an extension of their identity.Blonde women, for example, often have to justify themselves about "not being dumb." Nevertheless, a significant percentage of white women have recently dyed their hair blonde. That may be attributed to the fact that blonde women are relatively (25) (attractive) to theopposite sex. Meanwhile, brunettes (26)________ (depict) as competent and red-haired women are believed to be "fiery (暴躁的)."However, (27)________most women can choose to change their hair as they wish, we often hear that some religions force women to cover their hair. And in Brazil, the Dominican Republic and many other Latin American countries, hairstyles are so important that women feel the need to straighten their hair to land a job. Hair really matters, as Hillary Clinton told Yale graduates in her commencement speech back in 2001. "'Your hair will send significant messages to those around you --- (28)________hopes and dreams you have for the world and for your hair"In a sense, the time and money (29)________ (spend) on their hair isn't just the exercise of personal preferences. It tells everyone how they feel about (30)________and their ability to influence the world.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Who are not designed for?Hello, everyone. Today, I want your perception challenged. I am 105 centimeters tall. To me, the word “midget”(侏儒）is (21) insult. Actually, i am incredibly proud (22)_______ (inherit)the condition of achondroplasia.(软骨发育不全）I often forget that I am a little person, but it’s the physical environment and society(23)_________ remind me. It’s difficult to find garments and shoes that (24)________ reflect my maturity, professionalism and sophistication in the children’s wear depa rtment. I have to carry hand cleaners with me every single day because the sink, soap dispenser, and hair dryer in a public bathroom are all (25)_______ _______ my reach. And the coffee shop is not designed well, at least not for me. I (26)_________ (stand) just beside the counter when the barista shouts “Next, please!” but they can’t see me. With the stranger next to me pointing to my existence, I order quickly and move along to collect my coffee. However, up high and without a lid, (27)_________。

复旦大学附属中学2018学年第一学期高三年级英语期中考试试卷（2018.11.15）（时间120分钟满分140分）I.Listening ComprehensionSection AShort ConversationsDirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.B.At a booking office.D.At a restaurant.B.She had no chance of winning.D.Her coach didn’t listen to her.3. A.$35.C.$100.D.$6.B.Take a bit of the ice-cream.D.Sell the ice-cream.1. A.At a theatre.C.At a railway station.2. A.Her coach didn’t help her enough.C.She didn’t follow her coach’s advice.B.$70.4.A.Pass up the food.C.Make a wish.5. A.The man will go to meet the woman this evening.B.The man and the woman have an appointment at 7o’clock.C.The woman can’t finish making the jam before 7o’clock.D.The woman won’t be able to see the man before 7o’clock.6. A.She’s learned a lot from the literature class.B.She’s written some books about world classics.C.She’s met some of the world’s best writers.D.She’s just back from a trip around the world.7. A.The furnished apartment was inexpensive.B.The apartment was provided with some old furniture.C.The furniture in the market was on sale every Sunday.D.The furniture he bought was very cheap.8. A.She has learned a lot from the novel.B.She also found the plot difficult to follow.C.She usually has difficulty remembering names.D.She can recall the names of most characters in the novel.9. A.The man is late for the trip because he is busy.B.The woman is glad to meet Mr.Brown in person.C.The man is meeting the woman on behalf of Mr.Brown.D.The woman feels sorry that Mr.Brown is unable to come.10. A.Most students would like to work for a newspaper.B.Most students find a job by reading advertisements.C.Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate.D.Most students don’t want jobs advertised in the newspapers.Section B Short PassagesDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages.The passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11. A.Captain Singleton. B.Robinson Crusoe. C.Moll Flanders. D.Colonel Jack.12. A.People’s life. B.Sports. C.Politics. D.Music.13. A.Daniel was the youngest son of his family.B.Daniel finished his most famous novel at the age of59.C.Daniel was a famous novelist but not a journalist.D.Daniel was fined and put in prison several times because he failed in business.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14. A.To learn to recognize plants and animals.B.To get to know more about yourself and your place in nature.C.To learn how to make use of a map to find your way.D.To learn how to set up a tent and cook by yourself.15. A.A simpler lifestyle. B.Work and worries.C.Wilderness and animals.D.Good service.16. A.To feed the animals. B.To water the plants.C.To treat nature with respect.D.To go on an adventure alone.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations and you will be asked two questions on each of the conversations.The conversations will be read twice but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions17through18are based on the following conversation.17. A.Taking pictures of everything. B.Having a knee surgery.C.Taking pictures of people exercising.D.Giving free classes.18. A.A fitness center. B.A hospital.C.A photo shop.D.An interview room.Questions19through20are based on the following conversation.19. A.He wants to do some shopping. B.He wants to get a camera.C.He wants to buy some shells.D.He wants to get his camera repaired.20. A.In the Washington Building. B.In the Shell Building.C.In the post office.D.In the Showing Building.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Chinese actress Fan Bingbing has been fined for tax evasion,state media reported.It is the first public pronouncement about the star(21)__________she mysteriously disappeared from public view in June.According to state-run news agency Xinhua,Fan has been ordered to pay almost$130million,after she misreported how much money she(22)__________(receive)for certain film projects,using so-called "yin-yang contracts"to conceal(23)__________the authorities her true remuneration(薪酬)and avoid millions of dollars in taxes.Fan and companies related to her were ordered to pay around$42million in late taxes and fees,along with a fine of$86million.Because she was(24)__________first-time offender,the government said criminal charges would not be filed against her if she pays all the money by an undisclosed deadline,Xinhua reported.Fan's disappearance from public view sparked widespread speculation(25)__________she had been detained by the authorities.Xinhua said she had been under investigation by tax authorities in Jiangsu province,but(26)__________didn't provide any details on her current whereabouts.In a letter(27)__________(post)on social media,Fan,37,apologized profusely and repeatedly to the public and government."As a public figure,I should have abided by laws and regulations,and been a role model in the industry and society,"she said."I shouldn't have lost self-restraint or become lax in managing my companies,(28)__________led to the violation of laws,in the name of economic interests.""Without the favorable policies of the Communist Party and state,without the love of the people,there (29)__________have been no Fan Bingbing,"she added.Her case was clearly designed as a warning to other high profile celebrities,with the State Administration of Taxation saying it had launched a campaign(30)__________(recover)all back taxes in the entertainment industry.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.China’s first private research-oriented university Westlake University,which is backed by some of the country’s biggest business tycoons,was31inaugurated on Saturday morning in Hangzhou,East China’s Zhejiang Province,according to media reports.Westlake University is the first research-oriented university funded by private32and supported by the Chinese government in the country,33news website reported on Saturday.The non-profit institution was launched by a slew of34academia(学术机构)in the country and funded by high-profile business35,including Tencent Holdings Ltd Chairman Pony Ma and Wanda Group Chairman Wang Jianlin,according to information on the school’s website.Headed by Shi Yigong,a biologist and former vice president of the prestigious Tsinghua University in Beijing,Westlake will be36to the study of natural science and engineering,with world-class environment and state-of-the-art research facility.Construction for the university started in April and is expected to be completed by2021.Total investment for the project is37to be3.68billion yuan ($585million),according to media reports.The opening of Westlake University also comes as Chinese business leaders are throwing their support behind the country’s education38.Several other Chinese business leaders,including Alibaba Group founder Jack Ma Yun and Lenovo Group founder Liu Chuanzhi,have also39started a non-profit institution-Hupan University in Zhejiang.The university was inaugurated in March2015.Jack Ma,who announced his retirement from Alibaba in September to focus on40work,including education,was the university’s first president.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher,Anne Mansfield Sullivan,came to me.I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrasts between the two lives which it connects.It was the third of March,1887,three months before I was seven years old.On the afternoon of that eventful day,I stood on the porch,dumb,41.I guessed vaguely from my mother's signs and from the hurrying to and fro in the house that something unusual was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps.The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle that covered the porch,and fell on my upturned face.My fingers lingered almost42on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just43to greet the sweet southern spring.I did not know what the future held of44or surprise for me.Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor(倦怠)had45this passionate struggle.Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog,when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship,tense and anxious,groped her way toward the shore with plummet(铅锤)and sounding-line(测深索),and you waited with beating heart for something to happen?I was like that46 before my education began,only I was without47or sounding-line,and had no way of knowing how near the48was."Light!Give me light!"was the wordless cry of my soul,and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.I felt approaching footsteps.I stretched out my hand as I would to my mother.Someone49it, and I was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to50all things to me,and,more than all things else,to love me.The morning after my teacher came she led me into her room and gave me a doll.The little blind children at the Perkins Institution had sent it and Laura Bridgman had dressed it;but I did not know this until51.When I had played with it a little while,Miss Sullivan slowly spelled into my hand the word "d-o-l-l."I was at once interested in this finger play and tried to52it.When I finally succeeded in making the letters correctly I53with childish pleasure and pride.Running downstairs to my mother I held up my hand and made the letters for doll.I did not know that I was spelling a word or even that words existed;I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation.In the days that followed I learned to spell in this54way a great many words,among them pin,hat,cup and a few verbs like sit,stand and walk.But my teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood that everything has a55.41. A.hesitant B.reluctant C.expectant D.defendant42. A.consequently B.unconsciously C.deliberately D.simultaneously43. e forth B.brought about C.left behind D.hidden away44. A.panic B.result C.position D.marvel45. A.succeeded B.exposed C.inherited D.demonstrated46. A.fog B.ship C.shore D.plummet47. passion promise pass panion48. A.paradise B.habitat C.residence D.harbor49. A.took B.shook C.clung D.rescued50. A.share B.devote C.reveal D.celebrate51. A.beforehand B.backward C.afterward D.forward52. A.illustrate B.exhibit C.guess D.imitate53. A.fluttered B.flourished C.flashed D.flushed54. A.unrealistic B.uncomprehending C.unsurmountable D.unproductive55. A.title C.credit D.roleSection BDirections:Read the following passages.Each passage is followed by questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AI’ve become increasingly concerned about the linguistic sloppiness of the average worker,and not those who have learned English as a second language but native English speakers,regardless of income level,schooling or other determining factors.The number of people who read seems to be decreasing.The digital world has become the preferred baby sitter for children and the most effective way for adults to comfort themselves after a day’s work. Teachers,overworked and underpaid,seem to be fighting a losing battle–or are some prolonging it?These days I see glaring grammatical errors on résumés and cover letters,websites,signs,emailsregardless of management skills or income level.Job hunters write asking me for“advise”.People who are in the job market,hoping to be invited in for an interview,write some of these,and the paperwork is full of punctuation and grammatical mistakes.Were they careless?Or do they not know?Maybe it doesn’t matter. Maybe the hiring authority doesn’t know the difference either.The other day I saw the back of a company shirt that said:“providing quality service since10years.”A company shirt?How many were printed and are worn by employees who walk around advertising that their company has someone in an upper-level management position who didn’t catch the error or,worse yet, didn’t know the difference?Last week a senior level manager emailed me.He confused“its”and“it’s”in three different places. Here’s another example:I do product testing for a research panel.The product came with a slip of paper that said:“This commitment covers not discussing this product or it’s usage with others outside your home.”Here’s what really bugs me:a rule that seems to have come into effect–if in doubt,add an apostrophe. So what has happened is that people all over America have lost the understanding of the difference between plural and possessive.Your résumés and your cover letter are not just a summary of your background.They are not just an introduction of you when you hope to be considered for an interview.First and foremost,it is a brochure, and it is selling a product,and the product is you.If you wouldn’t go to an interview in blue jeans,don’t send your cover letter and résumés with mistakes to a prospective employer.Don’t rely on Microsoft Word’s ABC/grammar checker.It isn’t able to detect if a word is spelled correctly but used out of context.The grammar checker won’t help you unless you have a fundamental understanding of grammar to begin with.In fact,if you defer to the grammar checker’s advice,you’ll probably increase your number of mistakes.An excellent reference book to keep on hand is The Elements of Grammar by Margaret Shertzer.In “Words Often Confused”,it clarifies the differences between pairs of words such as“well/good”and “less/fewer”.Don’t tell yourself it doesn’t matter.Above all,don’t tell yourself that everyone speaks poorly these days,and the hiring authority won’t know or care.The ability to communicate,written and spoken,is of utmost importance–certainly in business.And it only becomes more valuable as fewer people are able to demonstrate it.56.The examples cited in paragraphs4and5are intended to illustrate______.A.the employees are proud of their companyB.to err is humanC.holding senior positions doesn’t guarantee correct usage of languageD.managers are so busy as to be careless with their language57.According to the author,when American people are not sure whether to use“it’s”or“its”,they arelikely to______.e the formere the latterC.ask the author for adviceD.turn to Microsoft Word58.The underlined word“defer”can be best replaced by______.A.consultB.followC.objectD.yield59.Which of the following statements will the author probably agree with?A.Going to a job interview in smart jeans is better than sending résumés with mistakes to aprospective employer.B.Microsoft Word’s spelling checker cannot always spot a mistake because it has a limitedvocabulary.C.Some teachers are themselves using language incorrectly.D.The hiring authorities care about linguistic correctness and act as role models.BKettlebells do not hurt people.People do.A kettlebell will get your respect–the easy way or the hard way.Here is the easy way.1.Get a medical clearance.Get clearance,especially from an orthopedist and a cardiologist.The latter is no joking matter,since kettlebell training can be extremely intense.2.Always be aware of your surroundings.Find a training area with a non-slippery surface on which you are not afraid to drop a kettlebell.The area must be clear of objects you might trip over–including other kettlebells–or that you might hit with a kettlebell.There should be no people or animals in a radius where you could injure them.3.Train barefoot or wear shoes with a flat,thin sole and room for the toes to spread.Training barefoot is superior for health and performance reasons.If you must wear shoes,wear Converse Chuck Taylors,Vibram Five Fingers,or similar shoes that have thin soles and do not pinch the toes together.You have sensory receptors on the bottoms of your feet that make you stronger and improve balance and coordination.Wearing traditional shoes diminishes the ability of these receptors to work properly,and therefore inhibits performance and can increase the risk of injury.Go native.4.Never contest for space with a kettlebell.Do not try to save a rep that has gone wrong.Guide the kettlebell to fall harmlessly,and move out of the way if necessary.And remember,quick feet are happy feet.5.Practice all safety measures at all times.Respect every kettlebell,even the lightest one.Always use perfect form picking up and setting down a kettlebell.The set is not over until the bell is safely parked.6.Keep moving once your heart rate is high.After a hard set,keep moving by walking,shadow boxing,or moving your arms to help your heart pump the blood.Stop only when your heart rate is halfway down to normal.Consider getting a heart rate monitor.7.Don’t put your spine into flexion during or after training.Forward-bending stretches and slouching after training,harmless as these seem,could injure your back.Unless counter-indicated,back-bending stretches are recommended following training.8.Focus on quality,not quantity.Gray Cook,physical therapist extraordinaire,points out that motor control goes south with fatigue and “the body will always sacrifice quality for quantity.”When you are no longer able to continue with perfect technique,the gig is up.Instruction cannot cover all possible scenarios and there is no substitute for good judgement.Be a responsible adult,not a victim.60.What is probably a kettlebell?A.A domestic appliance.B.An exercise tool.C.A medical device.D.An offensive weapon.61.Which of the following is recommended in the passage?A.Getting the assent of doctors before using a kettlebell.ing a kettlebell when no one is in sight.C.Persisting until exhaustion when using a kettlebell.D.Bending your back forward after using a kettlebell.62.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.The passage advises caution.B.A kettlebell comes with a heart rate monitor.C.It is undesirable to stop immediately after you use a kettlebell.D.Going barefoot is better than wearing boots when you use a kettlebell.CPublic distrust of scientists stems in part from the blurring of boundaries between science and technology,between discovery and manufacture.Most governments,perhaps all governments,justify public expenditure on scientific research in terms of the economic benefits the scientific enterprise has brought in the past and will bring in the future.Politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines “our scientists”have invented,the new drugs to relieve old disorders,and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously unmanageable conditions may now be treated and lives saved.At the same time,the politicians demand of scientists that they tailor their research to“economics needs”,and that they award a higher priority to research proposals that are“near the market”and can be translated into the greatest return on investment in the shortest time.Dependent,as they are,on politicians for much of their funding,scientists have little choice but to comply.Like the rest of us,they are members of a society that rates the creation of wealth as the greatest possible good.Many have reservations,but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring,creative spirit.In such circumstances no one should be too hard on people who are suspicious of conflicts of interest. When we learn that the distinguished professor assuring us of the safety of a particular product holds a consultancy with the company making it,we cannot be blamed for wondering whether his fee might conceivably cloud his professional judgment.Even if the professor holds no consultancy with any firm, some people may still distrust him because of his association with those who do,or at least wonder aboutthe source of some of his research funding.This attitude can have damaging effects.It questions the integrity of individuals working in a profession that prizes intellectual honesty as the supreme virtue,and plays into the hands of those who would like to discredit scientists by representing them as corruptible.This makes it easier to dismiss all scientific pronouncements,but especially those made by the scientists who present themselves as“experts”. The scientist most likely to understand the safety of a nuclear reactor,for example,is a nuclear engineer, and a nuclear engineer is most likely to be employed by the nuclear industry.If a nuclear engineer declares that a reactor is unsafe,we believe him,because clearly it is not to his advantage to lie about it.If he tells us it is safe,on the other hand,we distrust him,because he may well be protecting the employer who pays his salary.63.What is the chief concern of most governments when it comes to scientific research?A.The reduction of public expenditure.B.Quick economic returns.C.The budget for a research project.D.Support from the voters.64.Why won’t scientists complain about the government’s policy concerning scientific research?A.They know it takes patience to win support from the public.B.They realize they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge.C.They think compliance with government policy is in the interests of the public.D.They are accustomed to keeping their opinions to themselves.65.According to the author,people are suspicious of the professional judgment of scientists because______.A.some of them do not give priority to intellectual honestyB.sometimes they hide the source of their research fundingC.they could be influenced by their association with the project concernedD.their pronouncements often turn out to be wrong66.Why does the author say that public distrust of scientists can have damaging effects?A.Scientists themselves may doubt the value of their research findings.B.People will not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.C.It makes things difficult for scientists to seek research funds.D.It may wear out the enthusiasm of scientists for independent research.Section CDirections:Read the following article and choose the most suitable statement from A–AC for each blank. There are two extra statements which you do not need.A.The monks who lived there did the same.B.There was no such thing as an illiterate monk.C.From an early age,he was determined to leave the home life.D.When he started to go to school,he took on a study name,Minghai.AB.Some monks in this place ended up far away;Most,though,ended up in local temples in the county. AC.He was present at the time and decided that it made sense and that there was no reason to oppose.Minghai had been a monk for four years.He came here when he was thirteen.The name of this place is a bit strange.It’s called Nunnery Zhao Village.Zhao,because most of the folks in the village were surnamed Zhao.It’s called a village,but people lived scattered all over–two or three families here,two or three families there.Stepping outside,the houses could be seen in the distance,but it took some time to reach them on foot because there were no roads,and a person had to follow the winding field ridges. Nunnery,because there was a nunnery there.It was called Bodhi Nunnery,but most people pronounced it Biqi Nunnery.67“Where is your temple?”“Biqi Nunnery.”A nunnery was originally a place where nuns resided;monks lived in temples and nuns in nunneries.But Monks lived at Biqi Nunnery.Perhaps it was because Biqi Nunnery was small–temples are big and nunneries are small.When Minghai lived at home,he was called Little Mingzi.68They didn’t call it leaving the home life where he came from;they called it being a monk.His hometown produced monks the way other places produced pig gelders,mat weavers,bucket makers,cotton fluffers,artisans,and prostitutes.His hometown produced monks.If a family had a lot of boys,one would be sent to be a monk.In order to be a monk,one had to rely on connections or groups.Minghai’s family didn’t have a large amount of farmland, and his three older brothers were enough to farm the land they had.He was the fourth son.The year he turned seven,his uncle,who was a monk,returned home for a visit.After his parents conferred with his uncle,it was decided that he would become a monk.69Being a monk had its advantages.One didn’t have to cook–every temple had someone who was in charge of the meals.One could also save money.Aslong as one learned to relieve the hunger of hungry ghosts and release their souls,and to chant the Litany of Liang Wu Di for the dead,he normally shared some money,and by saving it up,he could resume secular life by taking a wife.If he didn’t resume secular life,he could buy several mu of land.But being a monk wasn’t that easy.One had to have a face like a bright moon,a bell-like voice,and be smart and have a good memory.His uncle examined his features and had him take a few steps forward and then back.He had him shout as if he were driving an ox on a threshing ground:“gedangde…”His conclusion was:“Mingzi has what it takes to be a good monk.I guarantee it!”But to be a monk,one had to invest a little by studying for several years.70Thus Mingzi began to study.He read The Three-Character Classic,The Hundred Surnames,The Four Characters and Mixed Words,The Elegant Valuable Collection for Young Learners, The Analects in two volumes,and The Mengzi in two volumes.Every day he wrote a page of characters, which the villagers praised as good and solid.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Dear Mom,Clear My CalendarSeptember is around the corner,and some of us are already complaining about summer’s end.But parents have a special reason to do so.The end of summer means the start of school.And these days, planning a young child’s schedule is a big challenge.The challenge is no longer finding activities to fill a child’s day;it is saying no to the hundreds of options available.Our mailbox is filled with brochures urging us to sign our kids up for classes from cooking to martial arts(武术).Educators are themselves discouraged by the number of special classes that many children attend.In the name of“enrichment”,three-year-olds not only go to preschool in the morning but study French or gymnastics after lunch.One teacher tells of a four-year-old asking for help in the toilet before hurrying off to tennis.Another teacher says that children sometimes hold on to her at pickup time.What happened to unstructured time?A generous explanation is that we enjoy giving children opportunities we never had.The truth, however,is that many parents have doubts about how much time they spend away from their families.And。

2017学年髙三英语试题(试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）I. Listening Comprehension (25’)II. Grammar and vocabulary (20’)Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.You know that business of business is making money. What you may not realize is : 21 simple that business is. You need two fundamental ingredients—-a good product that customers want to own, and bright, charismatic people who will 22 sell it and, if necessary, defend it. And of the two 23 (desire) product and competent people—good people are, in the long run, more important than good products.You can't expect to produce one popular product after another. You can, however, cover your bets by staffing your enterprise with superb employees who will continue to ref lect the company’s strengths 24 24 the products are weak. It is your responsibility to keep those employees 25 (perform) as well as they c an. They won’t remain superb 26 reliable leadership and, in fact, there is a perfect time to address this issue. Most successful companies have a defining moment 27 profits are skyrocketing, and business 28 not be better. That is precisely the time to look closely at your customer service. That you are earning more money than ever before 29 (indicate) your product is terrific, but it doesn’t necessarily mean the same about your customer service. It is the ideal time to examine your reputation and expand the success you earning from your product to include customer service.Every business wants to be known for its customer service. Although even a slow but steady giant such as Radio Shack Corporation will often come up with a hot product, it is its customer service 30 keeps it in business year after year.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canonly be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Throughout history, people have fought bitter wars over political ideology, national sovereignty and religious expression. How much more 31 will these conflicts be when people fight over the Earth’s most indispensable resource water? We may find out in the not-too-distant future if projections about the 32 of water in the Middle East and other regions prove correct. Less than thr ee percent of the planet’s 33 is fresh water, and almost two-thirds of this amount is 34 in ice caps, glaciers, and underground aquifers too deep or too remote to access. In her book, Pillars of Sand-Can the Irrigation Miracle Last, Sandra Postel outlines three forces that 35 tension and conflict over freshwater: Using up the water “resource pie”. In India, the world’s second-most populous nation, with over 1 billion inhabitants, the rate of groundwater 36 is twice that of recharge, a deficit higher than in any other country. Although water is a renewable resource, it is not a(n) 37 one. The freshwater available today for more than 6 billion people is no greater than it was 2,000 years ago, when global population was approximately 200 million. (The current U.S. population is 287 million.)Global 38 accounts for about 70% of all freshwater use. In five of the world's most water-stressed, controversial areas the Aral Sea region, the Ganges, the Jordan, the Nileland and Tigris-Euphrates population increases of up to 75% are projected by 2025. With the fastest rate of growth in the world, the population of Palestinian territory will more than 39 over the next generation. Most experts agree that, because of geography, population 40 and politics, water wars are most likely to break out in the Middle East, a region where the amount of available freshwater per capita will decrease by about 50% over the next generation.III. Reading Comprehension (45’)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In an ideal world, people would not perform experiments on animals. For the people, they are expensive. For the animals, they are stressful and often painful. That ideal world,number of animal experiments carried out in the European Union, by requiring toxicity tests on everybeen tested. It wants 30,000 of these to be examined right away, and plans to spend between $ 4 billion -$ 8 billion doing so. The number of animals used for toxicity testing in Europe will thus, experts reckon, quintuple (翻五倍）from just over 1 million a year to about 5 , unless they areexperimentation will therefore be around for some time yet. But the search for substitutes continues.responsible for breaking toxic chemicals down into safer molecules that can then be eliminated from body. Two firms, one large and one small, told the meeting how they were using human liver cells removed incidentally during surgery to test various substances for long-term toxic effects.PrimeCyte, the small firm, grows its cells in cultures(士音养基）over a few weeks and dosesIf the number of cells in a culture changes after a sample is added, that suggests the chemicalof the lungs. According to Huang Song, one of Epithelix's researchers, the firm's cultured cellssame way to various chemical messengers. Dr. Huang says that they could be used in long-term toxicity tests of airborne chemicals and could also help identify treatments for lung diseases.All this suggests that though there is still some way to go before drugs, vaccines and other substances can be tested routinely on cells rather than live animals, useful progress is being made.Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Personality may play only a small part in leadership effectiveness but there is no doubt that some leaders have a certain magic that leaves peers envious and followers entranced. If you could bottle this leadership X-factor —charisma- the queue of interested executives would be along-one. But what qualities can these often highly successful leaders be said to possess?As individuals, charismatic leaders have highly developed communication skills, including the ability to convey emotions easily and naturally to others, says Ronald Riggio, professor of leadership and organizational psychology. “They are able to inspire and arouse the emotions of followers through their emotional ex pressiveness and verbal skills.”“They, connect with followers because they seem to truly understand others' feelings and concerns.”“And they are great role models because they have the ability to engage others socially and display appropriate role-playin g skills that allow them to walk the talk,” Professor Riggio says.“One quality we like in our leaders is if they are seen to really represent us. We think someone is more charismatic, the more they represent our collective identity,” Professor Van Knippenberg says. In this way, a charismatic leader is somehow a larger-than-life version of ourselves.Academics say that charismatic leaders also manage to stand out from the crowd. They might do this by being unconventional or by taking a different approach to problem-solving, for example.“They are up for new things, and they are not stuck in the status quo. They are open-to out-of-the-box thinldng, etc. An optimistic, energetic quality helps us to see leadership qualities in them and makes us open to their influence,” he says. . .“A lot of charismatic leadership, and leadership in general, is very contextual. It's really entrepreneurial firms. It's also good for turnarounds if the organization is in a bad state because it Kai Peters, the chief executive of Ashridge Business School.But not every organization needs a charismatic leader. Leaders loaded with the X®1 narcissistic(自恋的)，self-glorifying, exploitative and authoritarian (专制的).As Peters says: “ Where it is a problem is where you have' look at me, I'm a star'.”56.Which word is closest in meaning to charisma in the first paragraph?A.charmB. characterC. gratitudeD. optimism57.The charismatic leaders become great role models due to their -A. proper role-playing skillsB. subtle emotional expressivenessC. marvelous problem-solving abilityD. unconventionality in the crowds58. According to Professor Knippenberg, what kind of leaders would be welcomed by us?A. The one who has a heroical image.B. The one who can speak for us.C. The one who is a collective version of us.D. The one who resembles us in characteristic.59.Whafs Peters’ attitude towards the contextual feature of charismatic leadership?A. CriticalB. ApprovedC. NeutralD. Suspicious(B)4 Hotels That Will Make Your Life EasierBy John BrandonFor the business traveler who’s all about efficiency: check out these hotels that will get you in and out with a minimum trouble. , .When you’re pressed for time on a business trip, nothing can infuriate you more than a slow hotel check-in process. On your next trip, try these hotels that offer a speedier check-in process. 1: Yotel New York -The self-service kiosks at this high-tech New York -hotel are open 24x7 and work just like the ones you’d see at an airport. There are just five-steps to register and obtain your card key. There's even a robotic luggage bellboy. You tap in the number of bags you're carrying and sizes, then wait for a robot arm to swing down and store your luggage in a locker(say, for a day trip). This also speeds up the check-in process if the first thing you need to do, like me,is head to a series of meetings.2: Marriott Detroit AirportAnother option for business travelers in a hurry: Marriott is rolling out its mobile check-in app to 325 hotels this year, including the Marriott Detr oit Airport hotel. (I’ve tested the app itself but not for a real visit quite yet.) here is the basic idea: you download the iPhone or Android app. The night before, you can “check-in” virtual ly. When you arrive, you get an alert that the room is ready and your key, which is already tied to your reservation, is waiting for you at the desk.3. Hyatt Regency MinneapolisI happened to stay at this hotel recently and liked haw fast the kiosk check-in works. Like the Yotel, the kiosk asks you to insert your credit card, similar to an airport terminal. The whole process took about 3' minutes. When I left, I was equally impressed with the fast check-out：An agent meets you in the lobby with, an iPad and asks for an email to use for a receipt. The big advantage: you never have to wait in line. .. '4. Radisson LaCrosseThe Radisson is trying to make the kiosk process even faster. At a few select hotels like the Radisson Lacrosse in Wisconsin，you use a mobile app to register the then receive a barcode by email or text. When you get to the kiosk, you can scan the barcode to get your key without any other steps required. It's super fast. You can find this new check-in system at the Radisson hotels in Salt Lake City, Seattle, and Phoenix as well .60. What does the word ‘infuriate’, in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. annoyB. remindC. amuseD. impress61. Which two hotels offer a mobile app for customers to check in ?A. Yotel New York and Marriott Detroit AirportB. Marriott Detroit Airport and Radisson LaCrosseC. Marriott Detroit Airport and Hyatt Regency MinneapolisD. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis and Radisson LaCrosse62. Which1 hotel will send you a receipt by email?A. Yotel New York'B. Marriott Detroit AirportC. Radisson LaCrosseD. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis(C)Increasingly, over the past few decades, people especially young people, have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat，particularly processed food, is not good for health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods. Foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in fanning today. 'Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil thatis rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount—but not the quality of foods grown in commercial farming areas.Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(牧场).Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are battery farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than i rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food, they also lay eggs which lack important vitamins. There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a non-essential food ! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it. It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two j centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide j us with energy, in the form, of calories. There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, forexample, the fiber has been removed：But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantifies of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of wholemeal bread and more vegetables by modem experts on “healthy eating".63. People have become more interested in natural foods because .A. they are more health consciousB. they want to taste all kinds of foodsC. natural foods are more delicious than processed foodsD. they want to return to nature64. Soil that is rich in organic matter .A. has had chemicals and fertilizer added to itB. contains vegetable matter that has not been consumedC. has been nourished by fertilizer 'D. already, contains large quantities of vitamins and minerals.65. According to, the passage, .A. people need sugar to give them energyB. sugar is bad for healthC. the addiction of eating sugar makes people depend on itD. sugar only sweetens food, but provides us with nothing useful66. The best title for this passage is .A. People’s Growing Interest in Natural FoodsB. Natural Foods and Health DietC. Harmful Effects of SugarD. The Importance of Fibre in FoodsSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be-used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you needThis Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think, about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware ofwhat’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. ____67___ They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also, responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. ____68____Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking likea fool?First, understand that some opportunities for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. ____69____And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative ideawhile you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep. ____70____.Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.IV. summaryDirections: Read the passage carefully. Write a summary of the passage in no more than 60 words.Stress for a teenager is as real as stress for an adult. Therefore, it’s important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers.When parents change their jobs or if the family "decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life.Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Notevery child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides school work to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsens grades.Extra curricular（课外活动）such as playing a sport, or attending art classes can weigh heavily on your child's mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends get unmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school.These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs suchas poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress go unrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress.V. Translation ,Directions: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.71.各国科学家正加强合作，寻求节能的有效方法。