托福作文1.替换词

托福写作常用的50个替换词1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summit /toeflpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)。

【关键字】托福连词替换：1. Firstly: previously, beforehand,foremost, initially★★★★★,originally, formerly（后面须有相对应的latterly）, principally, mainly,essentially, basically,fundamentally★★★★★, to beginwith, to start with, at the outset…2. Then: subsequently★★★★★,afterward, thereafter, after that,succeeding (adj.), what is more,furthermore (furthermore)…3. Lastly: ultimately★★★★★,eventually, in conclusion, toconclude, as a final point, last ofall…4. Too: as well (句末), in addition（句前）, besides（句前）, moreover（句前）, additionally（句前）★★★★★…5. And（这些换用多用在句子间连接）:plus, as well as, along with, inaddition★★★★★, bonus, with…6. Or r（这些换用多用在句子间连接）:otherwise, if not, before, or else…7. So (adv): therefore★★★★★, thus,consequently, accordingly, as aresult, for that reason, hence8. Because: as, due to★★★★★（后面只能接宾语，不能接句子）, since★★★★★, as to, in that, for thereason that, for, now that…9. But: however（换用的时候需要注意与but的区别）, moreover,nevertheless★★★★★,nonetheless★★★★★, on thecontrary, on the other hand, 让步although, even thought, though,even if, while, despite the fact that★★★★★…10. Only: just, merely, barely★★★★★, singly, solely, rarely★★★★★…11. Without: excluding★★★★★…12. Very: extremely★★★★★, acutely,decidedly, deeply, exceedingly,greatly, highly, uncommonly,profoundly★★★★★, unusually…13. Actually: as a matter of fact★★★★★, in fact, in point of fact, inreality, literally★★★★★, truly …名词替换：1.Forefather祖先：Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同：Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime犯罪：Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment环境：Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution污染：Contamination6.Human人类：The human race、Humanity、Humankind7.Danger危险：Peril、Hazard8.Inmodernsociety在当今社会：In contemporary society、In present-day society、In this day and age（这是最牛的说法）1. Problem: issue★★★★★, case,trouble, difficulty, dilemma（注意与Problem之间差别）.2. Meeting: conference★★★★★,discussion, assembly, conclave,congress, convention★★★★★,gathering session, assignation★★★★★, encounter, confrontation,argument, controversy…3. Study: lessons, research, schoolwork, examination, analysis★★★★★（此词仅有名词词性,consideration, contemplation,inspection, investigation★★★★★,knowledge, scholarship…4. Advantage: benefit, dominance,precedence, profit, superiority,merit…5. Disadvantage: shortcoming★★★★★, weakness, inconvenience,drawback★★★★★, deficiency,flaw★★★★★, handicap (also v.妨碍), downside, limitation.6. Life: existence★★★★★, conduct,life style★★★★★, way of life形容词/ 副词替换：1.Everywhere普遍的：Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good好的：Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful有害的：Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich富有的：Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor贫穷的Impoverished6.cheap便宜的：Economical、Inexpensive7.Serious严重的：Severe8.Obvious明显的：Manifest、Apparent、Evident1. Important: essential, significant★★★★★, vital, crucial★★★★★,profound★★★★★, play apushing role, indispensable,requisite, critical★★★★★,fundamental★★★★★, primary,elementary, underlying,rudimentary★★★★★, basically,necessary…2. Angry: annoyed★★★★★, cross,displeased, enraged, exasperated★★★★★, incensed, infuriated,irate, mad (informal), livid(informal), berserk, outraged★★★★★, resentful★★★★★…3. Big: gigantic★★★★★, massive★★★★★, colossal, enormous,immense★★★★★, gargantuan,tremendous★★★★★, titanic,giant, vast, large, huge, monster,bulky,4. Good: marvelous, fabulous,gorgeous, spectacular★★★★★,outstanding★★★★★,distinguished, remarkable★★★★★, superb, incredible, unbelievable,out of this world, magnificent★★★★★, charmin★★★★★g,stunning, fantastic★★★★★,terrific, excellent, great, wonderful,amazing, awesome5. Many: numerous, myriad★★★★★, infinite,6. Forever (adv): infinity, eternal,timeless★★★★★, everlasting★★★★★，undying, endless,changeless, perpetually★★★★★…无老师的《iBT新托福金牌五星作文模板词》又来啦！7. Small: minimum, diminutive★★★★★, minute★★★★★, petite, wee,undersized, teeny, tiny, little, petite（女子身高娇小）8. Bad: awful★★★★★, terrible,dreadful, defective, faulty,imperfect★★★★★, inadequate★★★★★, poor, substandard,unsatisfactory★★★★★, harmful,damaging, deleterious, detrimental,hurtful, ruinous, unhealthy, evil,immoral（此词的意思是“不道德的”，请用于适当场合）★★★★★…9. Beautiful: charming★★★★★,charismatic★★★★★, attractive,gorgeous, pretty, endearing, sweet★★★★★, adorable, eye-catching★★★★★, handsome, hot, cute,good-looking, lovable, engaging…10. Clever: brilliant, knowledgeable★★★★★, intellectual, intelligent★★★★★, excellent, bright, smart 11. Happy: delightful★★★★★,delectable, elated, glad, overjoyed★★★★★, pleased, jubilant★★★★★, merry, joyful,12. Fast：swift★★★★★, quick, rapid,speedy★★★★★, hasty, nippy,like lightning★★★★★,13. Hurry (v): hustle★★★★★, rush★★★★★, make haste, tear, step onit, dash, get a move on, step on it,scoot.14. Clear: obvious, apparent, blatant,comprehensible★★★★★,conspicuous★★★★★, distinct,evident, manifest, palpable, plain,pronounced★★★★★,recognizable, transparent,intelligible★★★★★, lucid, plain,understandable★★★★★,uninvolved, simple, …15. Easy: simple, effortless★★★★★,no trouble, painless★★★★★,plain sailing, uncomplicated★★★★★, undemanding, unproblematic,a piece of cake (informal), child’splay (informal),…16. Dangerous: perilous, breakneck,chancy (informal), hazardous★★★★★, insecure, precarious, risky,unsafe, vulnerable★★★★★17. Personally：from my personalperspective★★★★★, as far as Iam concerned, from my point ofview, from my angle★★★★★,consider, conceive, perspective★★★★★…18. Direct: bald★★★★★, basic, frank,naked, plain★★★★★, sincere★★★★★, stark, straightforward,candid, forthright, outspoken….19. Difficult: hard, tricky, complicated★★★★★, complex, intricate★★★★★, involved, knotty, perplexin★★★★★g, puzzling, thor ny…动词替换：1.Improve提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.Change改变：Transform3.Emphasize强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break破坏：Impair、Undermine这两词指抽象意义上的破坏；Jeopardize、Devastate这两个词用了就牛X了6.Keep保存：Preserve、Conserve保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect，protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。

托福写作同义词替换⼤全在同学们平常学习⽣活中，总能看见⼀些同义词，在托福写作中进⾏同义词替换，以此来增加⽂章语⾔的多样性，在这⾥托福⼩编对同义词都做了⼀个整理，从⽽帮助⼤家备考。

托福写作同义词替换⼤全1合适的： suitable/ advisable/ sound/ temperate/ rational/ preferable/ reliable/ fitting/ modest/ moderate 精致的： elegant/ delicate/ elaborate/subtle美好的： gorgeous/ glorious/ splendid/ admirable/ breathtaking/ impressive/ spectacular/ superb杰出的： outstanding/ distinguished/ eminent/ excellent/ supreme/ extraordinary/ prominent/ matchless/ foremost托福写作同义词替换⼤全2著名的： famous/ illustrious/ celebrated/ notable聪明的： intelligent/ wise/ ingenious/ sensible/ smart/ clever/ knowledgeable/ capable⼤的： immense/ huge/ spacious/ prodigious/ massive/ enormous/ vast/ tremendous/ expansive⼩的： slight/ tiny/ microscopic/ small/ diminutive/ minuscule重要的： important/ significant/ concernful/ pivotal/ superb/ momentous/ vital/ primary/ essential/ principal/ leading/ major/ dominant/ predominant/ fateful最好的： optimum/ premium托福写作同义词替换⼤全3基本的： underlying/ elementary/ fundamental/ essential/ cardinal不⾜的： insufficient/ scanty/ meager/ needy/ poor/ scarce/ devoid/ empty/ lacking充⾜的： fraught/ sufficient/ enough/ adequate/ abundant过多的： excessive/ redundant/ overabundant/ inordinate特殊的： unique/ matchless/ unrivaled/ extraordinary / special奇怪的： odd/ bizarre/ quaint/ weird/ queer相似的： similar/ approximate/ proximate/ homogeneous/ identical/ equal/ equivalent/ coordinate.托福写作同义词替换⼤全4⽆效的： null/ invalid/ void有效的： valid/ acceptable/ effective/ resultful/ efficient/ competent⾼兴的： delightful/ happy/ hilarious/ exultant/ gleeful/ joyous/ exalted/ blessed/ pleasing/ amusing成就，成功： success/ triumph/ victory/ accomplishment/ achievement/ fruition/ consummation/ attainments失败： failure/ be defeated/ a case of crabs观点： point of view/ standpoint/ viewpoint/ frame of reference/ theory托福写作同义词替换⼤全5财产： treasure/ profit/ fortune/ moneybag/ wealth/ belongings/ estate/ possessions/ property/ riches/ worth好处： advantage/ behoof/ benefit/ gain/ good/ stead优点： excellence/ merit/ strongpoint/ virtue缺点： bug/ disfigurement/ limitation/ objection/ vice/ lacuna/ defect/downside发展： development/ evolution/ progress/ grow普及： popularization/ prevalence.。

以下是一些雅思托福替换词大全：- important：- vital：至关重要的。

- crucial：立即着手解决这个问题是至关重要的。

- prominent：投资的较大幅度增加，对拉动经济增长发挥了明显作用。

- cardinal：尊重生命是英国法律最重要的原则。

- good：- excellent：她一直因其优秀的短篇小说享有很高的声望。

- outstanding：得奖学金的女孩是相当优秀的。

- extraordinary：她的意志力是非凡的。

- remarkable：中国的经济外交具有鲜明的特点和卓越的成就。

- interesting：- amusing：只要觉得好笑就尽管笑。

- entertaining：这部电影令人捧腹，却又发人深省。

- engaging：他迷人的个性使他深受同龄人的喜爱。

- energetic：- dynamic：南亚仍然是世界上最具活力的经济区。

- vigorous：我们强烈要求立即采取有力措施。

- animated：他的言论引起了一场气氛热烈而活跃的讨论。

- abundant：- ample：农业迅速发展, 从而为轻工业提供了充足的原料。

- plentiful：炎热的气候和充足的雨水有助于植物生长。

- generous：没有人指望今年会有大幅度的工资增长。

- brave：- courageous：这些开拓者的确有勇气, 他们克服了一个又一个的困难。

- bold：重大而成功的举措需要既大胆又善于控制局势的经理来实施。

- fearless：他的言论引起了一场气氛热烈而活跃的讨论。

托福作文考试百个精选替换词高分助力1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinion=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen )92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often)100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。

一、形容词替换1.合适的：suitable, advisable, sound, temperate, rational, preferable, reliable, fitting, modest, moderate2.精致的：elegant, delicate, elaborate, subtle3.美好的：gorgeous, glorious, splendid, admirable, breathtaking, impressive, spectacular, superb4.杰出的：outstanding, distinguished, eminent, excellent, supreme, extraordinary, prominent, matchless, foremost5.著名的：famous, illustrious, celebrated, notable6.聪明的：intelligent, wise, ingenious, sensible, smart, clever, knowledgeable, capable7.大的：immense, huge, spacious, prodigious, massive, enormous, vast, tremendous, expansive8.小的：slight, tiny, microscopic, small, diminutive, minuscule9.重要的：significant, pivotal(中心的，关键的), superb, momentous, vital, primary, essential, principal, leading, major, dominant, predominant, fateful（决定性的）10.最好的：optimum, premium11.基本的：underlying, elementary, fundamental, essential, cardinal（最重要的）, chief12.不足的：insufficient, scanty, meager, needy, poor, scarce, devoid,empty, lacking13.充足的：fraught, sufficient, enough, adequate, abundant14.过多的：excessive, redundant, overabundant, inordinate15.特殊的：unique, matchless, unrivaled, extraordinary, special16.奇怪的：odd, bizarre, quaint, weird, queer17.相似的：similar, approximate, proximate, homogeneous, identical, equal, equivalent, coordinate18.无效的：null, invalid, void19.有效地：valid, acceptable, effective, resultful, efficient, competent20.高兴地：delightful, happy, hilarious, exultant, gleeful, joyous, exalted, blessed, pleasing, amusing21.普遍的：everywhere, widespread, prevalent, overflow, rampant22.好的：good, beneficial, advantageous23.有害的：harmful, inhumane, detrimental, baneful24.富有的：rich, wealthy, affluent25.贫穷的：poor, impoverished26.严重的：serous, severe27.明显的：obvious, manifest, apparent, evident28.便宜的：cheap, economical, inexpensive二、动词替换1.提高：improve, promote, advance, enhance2.改变：change, transform3.强调：emphasize, highlight, stress, address4.培养：develop, agriculture, cultivate, nurture, foster5.破坏：break, impair, undermine (后两词指抽象意义上的破坏) jeopardize, devastate6.保存：keep, preserve, conserve (保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect指保护具体的东西)7.解决：deal with, tackle, address(高难度用法), resolve, cope with8.需要：need, require, necessitate, call for (奥巴马用的高级用法)9.提供：supply, provide, offer10.思考：consider, speculate, ponder, think, meditate11.建议：propose, suggest, advance, mention, recommend, advise, offer12.吸引：engross, absorb, draw, attract, intoxicate, lure, entice, tempt13.揭示：reveal, exhibit, expose, disclose, unveil, show, transpire, indicate, denote14.理解：understand, comprehend15.说明：illuminate, clarify, illustrate, exemplify, explain, elaborate, demonstrate16.暗示：imply, allude, insinuate17.开始：start, emerge, launch, begin commence, initiate18.带来，引起：generate, produce, give rise to, engender19.停止：stop, cease, halt, terminate, end, finish, conclude20.赞同：agree with, applaud, approve, go along with, in favor of, can not agree more with21.反对：oppose, argue against, combat, rebut三、名词替换1.祖先：forefather, ancestor, predecessor2.不同：difference, gap(简单且牛)，distinction3.犯罪：crime, delinquency, criminal act4.环境：environment, circumstance, atmosphere, surrounding, ambiance5.污染：pollution, contamination6.人类：human, the human race, humanity, humankind7.危险：danger, peril, hazard8.在当今社会：in modern society, in contemporary society, in contemporary world, in present-day society, in this day and age(最牛的说法)9.成就，成功：success, triumph, victory, accomplishment, achievement, fruition, consummation, attainments10.失败：failure, loss, defeat, break down, a case of crabs11.观点：point of view, standpoint, viewpoint, frame of reference, theory12.财产：treasure, profit, fortune, moneybag, wealth, belongings, estate, possessions, property, riches, worth13.好处：advantages, behoof, benefit, gain, good, stead14.优点：excellence, merit, strongpoint, virtue15.缺点：bug, disfigurement, limitation, objection, vice, defect, downside, drawbacks16.发展：development, evolution, progress, grow17.普及：popularization, prevalence18.出现：emergence19.情况：circumstance, condition20.原因：causation, cause, matter, reason21.影响：infection, influence, impact写作高频词汇高频动词Verb Alternative Meaning Language in Usedisdain despise 轻视，贬抑Despised all cowards(懦夫) andflatters(拍马屁的人)deride Mock, ridicule, flout 嘲笑，嘲讽He derides her naive attitude.deceive cheat, trick, fool 欺骗，诈骗He deceived me into signing the papers. reveal Uncover, disclose,expose揭秘，泄露Her laugh revealed her even teeth.rob Loot, pillage 掠夺，抢劫Not only do they rob you, they smasheverything too.slander Discredit, denigrate 诽谤，中伤He claims he was slandered at themeeting.extol Compliment, glorify,laud, praise赞扬He keeps extolling her goodness.dissent Demur, deprecate,dissident 反对，不赞成Dissent from official policydispute Refute, renounce, reject 否认，拒绝，驳斥Dispute resolution in health care deplore Regret, lament, dirge 哀悼，后悔Deplore someone's violent behavior deport Banish, expel, exclude 驱逐，出境Deport sb.reside Dwell, abide, inhabit 居住Dwell on... (place)exaggerate Bombast, overstate 夸张，吹牛Exaggerate the difficultiesrepeal Nullify, abolish 取消，撤销，废除The Congress decided to repeal the law. impede Hamper, hinder 妨碍，阻挠Impede economic recoverypromote Accelerate, advance,promote促进，帮助Promote public welfaresuppress Extinguish, mollify, 镇压Suppress the truth about sth./ movementsubdueindulge pamper 放纵He no longer indulged himself insmoking.eliminate Efface, erase 消除，除去Eliminate differences高频形容词Adjective Alternative Meaning Language in Usetrivial Frivolous, worthless,trifling 琐碎的；不重要的，微不足道的Differences are triviala frivolous novelimpetuous Hasty, headlong,rash, brash,precipitate 轻率的；鲁莽的；冲动的An impetuous young manferocious Bloodthirsty, brutal,cruel, fierce, wild 残忍的，野蛮的The ferocious winds seemed about totear the ship to pieces.sinister Diabolic, forbidding 邪恶的；有害的；致命的A sinister smilepernicious virulent 可怕的，令人难以亲近的A pernicious influence on societyreckless heedless 鲁莽的，不顾后果的A reckless driverHe's quite reckless of his own safety.furtive Covert, sneak 偷偷的，鬼鬼祟祟的；小心谨慎的He cast a furtive glance at her.A furtive movementcovert Hidden, hideaway 秘密的，不公开的Covert military operationsfrugal Prudent, sparing,thrifty 节约的，节省的（花费）A very frugal existence(生活非常节俭)stint abstemious 节制、限制某人（尤指食物）Don't stint on the cream.prodigal Extravagant, lavish,spendthrift, wasteful 浪费的，挥霍的They are prodigal in theirexpenditures.active Vivacious,active,animated,brisk, dynamic,energetic, lively 活泼的An active member of the school'stheatre clubnaughty Prankish, impish,puckish, devilish顽皮的 A naughty boyclumsy Cumbersome,awkward,burdensome笨拙的；麻烦的He chided his son for being clumsy.extraordinary Colossal, enormous,gigantic, huge,immense 巨大的，惊人的She wears the most extraordinaryget-ups.exceptional Remarkable,stupendous 例外的，奇特的，罕见的Forestry has advanced withexceptional speed.miraculous Wonderful,marvelous 奇妙的，不可思议的He made a miraculous recovery.bold Audacious, daring,valiant 大胆的，莽撞的You are so bold that you never dosomething on second thought.productive Prolific, fecund,fertile, fruitful 多产的，丰富的They work hard, but their efforts arenot very productive.barren sterile 贫瘠的，不毛之地A barren desertindigent Improvised,penniless, wretched 贫困的，贫乏的，没钱的Indigent migrantsvigilant Cautious, prudent,wary 谨慎的，警觉的 A vigilant sentry(卫兵)He has to learn how to remainvigilant through these long nights.Impassive Unfeeling, unmoved,apathetic 冷静的，不为所动的Her face remained impassive.cranky Irascible, irritable 坏脾气的，暴躁的A cranky personI'm always cranky when I don't get enough sleep.stubborn Headstrong, willful 固执的Stubborn pride(死要面子) meek Submissive,obedient, tame温顺的，驯服的 A meek or humble mannercharming Attractive,intriguing, appealing 吸引人的My husband was handsome,spontaneous(诚挚) and charming inhis youth.preposterous Absurd, ridiculous,nonsensical荒谬的，可笑的 A preposterous price(漫天要价) reasonable Logical, sound 合理的 A reasonable explanationappropriate Proper, suitable,fitting 相称的，合适的Plain, simple clothes are appropriatefor school wear.1.理解Comprehend, comprehension, interpret，interpretation，percept, perception,2.培养Instill, cultivate, foster, cultivation3.启发Enlightening, inspirational, edifying, thought-provoking4.成功Reap success, reap the fruits of..., accomplish, in the lead, lead forward to success5.帮助Assist，with the assistance/aid of,6.使用Utilize，apply...to..., make the most of, take advantage of。

【写作词汇】托福写作中30个常用替换词以下是30个最经典的替换词，各位同学可以参考一下：1.individuals，characters， folks替换(people ，persons)2： positive， favorable， rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect， pleasurable ， excellent， outstanding， superior替换good3：dreadful， unfavorable， poor， adverse， ill (有害的)替换bad如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games， enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ，as a result， they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of， an ocean of， a sea of， a multitude of ，a host of， many， if not most)替换many.注：用many， if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

Eg. Many individuals， if not most， harbor the idea that….同理用most， if not all ，替换most.5： a slice of， quiet a few ， several替换some6：harbor the idea that， take the attitude that，hold the view that， it is widely shared that，it is universally acknowledged that)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)7：affair ，business ，matter 替换thing8： shared 代common9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits )10：for my part ，from my own perspective 替换in my opinion11：Increasing(ly)，growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。

动词替换：1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate这两个词用了就牛X了6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect，protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。

7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for（这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个）形容词替换：1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive名词替换：1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human raceHumanityHumankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary societyIn present-day societyIn this day and age（这是最牛的说法）连接词+名词Firstly: previously, beforehand, foremost, initially★★★★★, originally, formerly（后面须有相对应的latterly）, principally, mainly, essentially, basically, fundamentally★★★★★, to begin with, to start with, at the outset…Then: subsequently★★★★★, afterward, thereafter, after that, succeeding (adj.), what is more, furthermore (further more)…Lastly: ultimately★★★★★, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all…Too: as well (句末), in addition（句前）, besides（句前）, moreover（句前）, additionally （句前）★★★★★…And（这些换用多用在句子间连接）: plus, as well as, along with, in addition★★★★★, bonus, with…Or（这些换用多用在句子间连接）: otherwise, if not, before, or else…So (adv): therefore★★★★★, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason, henceBecause: as, due to★★★★★（后面只能接宾语，不能接句子）, since★★★★★, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that…But: however（换用的时候需要注意与but的区别）, moreover, nevertheless★★★★★, nonetheless★★★★★, on the contrary, on the other hand, 让步although, even thought, though, even if, while, despite the fact that ★★★★★…Only: just, merely, barely★★★★★, singly, solely, rarely★★★★★…Without: excluding★★★★★…Very: extremely★★★★★, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly★★★★★, unusually…Actually: as a matter of fact★★★★★, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, literally★★★★★, truly …名词Problem: issue★★★★★, case, trouble, difficulty, dilemma（注意与Problem之间差别）.Meeting: conference★★★★★, discussion, assembly, conclave, congress, convention★★★★★, gathering session, assignation★★★★★, encounter, confrontation, argument, controversy…Study: lessons, research, school work, examination, analysis★★★★★（此词仅有名词词性, consideration, contemplation, inspection, investigation★★★★★, knowledge, scholarship…Advantage: benefit, dominance, precedence, profit, superiority, merit…Disadvantage: shortcoming★★★★★, weakness, inconvenience, drawback★★★★★, deficiency, flaw★★★★★, handicap (also v. 妨碍), downside, limitation.Life: existence★★★★★, conduct, life style ★★★★★, way of life形容词/副词Important: essential, significant★★★★★, vital, crucial★★★★★, profound★★★★★, play a pushing role, indispensable, requisite, critical★★★★★, fundamental★★★★★, primary, elementary, underlying, rudimentary★★★★★, basically, necessary…Angry: annoyed★★★★★, cross, displeased, enraged, exasperated★★★★★, incensed, infuriated, irate, mad (informal), livid (informal), berserk, outraged★★★★★, resentful★★★★★…Big: gigantic★★★★★, massive★★★★★, colossal, enormous, immense★★★★★, gargantuan, tremendous★★★★★, titanic, giant, vast, large, huge, monster, bulky,Good: marvelous, fabulous, gorgeous, spectacular★★★★★, outstanding★★★★★, distinguished, remarkable★★★★★, superb, incredible, unbelievable, out of this world, magnificent★★★★★, charmin★★★★★g, stunning, fantastic★★★★★, terrific, excellent, great, wonderful, amazing, awesomeMany: numerous, myriad★★★★★, infinite,Forever (adv): infinity, eternal, timeless★★★★★, everlasting★★★★★，undying, endless, changeless, perpetually★★★★★…无老师的《iBT新托福金牌五星作文模板词》又来啦！Small: minimum, diminutive★★★★★, minute★★★★★, petite, wee, undersized, teeny, tiny, little, petite（女子身高娇小）Bad: awful★★★★★, terrible, dreadful, defective, faulty, imperfect★★★★★, inadequate★★★★★, poor, substandard, unsatisfactory★★★★★, harmful, damaging, deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, ruinous, unhealthy, evil, immoral（此词的意思是“不道德的”，请用于适当场合）★★★★★…Beautiful: charming★★★★★, charismatic★★★★★, attractive, gorgeous, pretty, endearing, sweet★★★★★, adorable,eye-catching★★★★★, handsome, hot, cute, good-looking, lovable, engaging…Clever: brilliant, knowledgeable★★★★★, intellectual, intelligent★★★★★, excellent, bright, smartHappy: delightful★★★★★, delectable, elated, glad, overjoyed★★★★★, pleased, jubilant★★★★★, merry, joyful,Fast：swift★★★★★, quick, rapid, speedy★★★★★, hasty, nippy, like lightning★★★★★,Hurry (v): hustle★★★★★, rush★★★★★, make haste, tear, step on it, dash, get a move on, step on it, scoot.Clear: obvious, apparent, blatant, comprehensible★★★★★, conspicuous★★★★★, distinct, evident, manifest, palpable, plain, pronounced★★★★★, recognizable, transparent, intelligible★★★★★, lucid, plain, understandable★★★★★, uninvolved, simple, …Easy: simple, effortless★★★★★, no trouble, painless★★★★★, plain sailing, uncomplicated★★★★★, undemanding, unproblematic, a piece of cake (informal), child’s play (informal),…Dangerous: perilous, breakneck, chancy (informal), hazardous★★★★★, insecure, precarious, risky, unsafe, vulnerable★★★★★Personally：from my personal perspective★★★★★, as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, from my angle★★★★★, consider, conceive, perspective★★★★★…Direct: bald★★★★★, basic, frank, naked, plain★★★★★, sincere★★★★★, stark, straightforward, candid, forthright, outspoken….Difficult: hard, tricky, complicated★★★★★, complex, intricate★★★★★, involved, knotty, perplexin★★★★★g, puzzling, thorny…动词Think (that): hold★★★★★the (opinion/ belief/ position/stand point/idea) that, assume, believe, deem, reckon, argue, maintain★★★★★, suppose, conceive, insist(坚定认为）★★★★★, be convinced, to my knowledge,Show: convey★★★★★, reveal★★★★★, express, corroborate, justify, imply, verify, clarify, signify, exemplify, illuminate, substantiate, demonstrate, elucidate, denote★★★★★, characterized as, instruct, display, disclose★★★★★, indicate, means, explain, give an/a example (reason, explanation) of, bear out, point out, point toward…Know: realize, comprehend, identify, distinguish, discern, notice, perceive, recognize, see, understand, figure out, be acquainted with, be familiar with,Get: acquire, attain★★★★★, achieve（本词其实很棒，但是只限于艰苦努力后的获得）, obtain, gain★★★★★Suggest: have a proposal in,Increase: magnify★★★★★, expand, proliferate, mushroom, improve, enhance, advance★★★★★…无老师的《iBT新托福金牌五星作文模板词》又来啦！Affect: Impress★★★★★, inspire, influence ★★★★★, imprint of, impact★★★★★Stop: halt★★★★★, cease★★★★★, desist, end, pause, put an end to★★★★★, quit, refrain, shut down, terminate★★★★★…Make: create★★★★★, assemble, built, construct★★★★★, form★★★★★, manufacture; fore, cause★★★★★, compel, constrain★★★★★, drive, impel, induce, oblige, prevail, upon, require…Give: present★★★★★, award, contribute, deliver, donate★★★★★, grant, hand over, hand out, provide, supplyBreak：separate, burst, crack★★★★★, destroy, disintegrate, fracture★★★★★, fragment, shatter★★★★★, smash, snapDestroy: ruin★★★★★, raze, annihilate, crush★★★★★, demolish, devastate★★★★★, eradicate, shatter, wipe out, wreck★★★★★, obliterate, weaken, undermine★★★★★…Happen: occur, come about★★★★★, come to pass, develop, result, take place, transpire。

【写作词汇】托福写作中30个常用替换词以下是30个最经典的替换词，各位同学可以参考一下：1.individuals，characters， folks替换(people ，persons)2： positive， favorable， rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect， pleasurable ， excellent， outstanding， superior替换good3：dreadful， unfavorable， poor， adverse， ill (有害的)替换bad如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games， enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ，as a result， they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of， an ocean of， a sea of， a multitude of ，a host of， many， if not most)替换many.注：用many， if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

Eg. Many individuals， if not most， harbor the idea that….同理用most， if not all ，替换most.5： a slice of， quiet a few ， several替换some6：harbor the idea that， take the attitude that，hold the view that， it is widely shared that，it is universally acknowledged that)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)7：affair ，business ，matter 替换thing8： shared 代common9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits )10：for my part ，from my own perspective 替换in my opinion11：Increasing(ly)，growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。

1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinion=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen )92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worrieshim/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often)100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。