高中英语名词练习题及答案
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1 / 37 高中英语名词练习题及答案
一、名词的分类
专有名词主要是指人名、地名或某类人或事物的名称，如Beijing，China等。
普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。
专有名词 不可数名词
物质名词
普通名词集体名词 可数名词
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词。
Proper Nouns： 指人名、地名及某些人和事物专有的名称
Eg: Diana; Beijing; Americans; English; May; New
Year‘s Day
注意：专有名词的第一个字母要大写
Common Nouns：一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词
1. Individual Nouns: 指作为个体而存在的人或东西
可以指具体的人或物。Eg: aunts; a panda; 精品文档
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2 / 37 apartments
也可指抽象东西。Eg: a year; fairy tales; a dream
2. Collective Nouns: 表示若干个个体组成的集合体
Eg: army; audience; crew; family; team; police;
government; public
集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看。一般来说，视为整体时作单数看，突出它的成员时作复数看。
His family _____ not large.
His family ______ all music lovers.
有少数集体名词通常用作单数。Eg: The gang is being
hunted by the police.
Our company is sending him to work in Berlin.
个别集体名词则多作复数看待。
Eg: The police are looking for him.
3. Material Nouns: 指无法分为个体的物质。
Eg: beer; cake; cloth; cotton; detergent; fur;
ice; paint; paper; soil
一般来说，物质名词是不可数的，因而没有复数形式。但有一些特殊情况：
1) 有些物质名词可用作可数名词，表示―一份‖、―一杯‖、―一种‖
Eg: Two strong black coffees, please. 精品文档
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3 / 37 Three beers, please. It was a special tea.
2)个别物质名词的复数形式可以表示特别的意义。
Eg: rains sands snows waters…
4.Abstract Nouns:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念
Eg: education; love; policy; trust; nature;
fashion; relief; silence; truth,etc.
多数情况下，这种名词常用于单数形式，不加任何冠词。
Eg: He‘s learning French for fun.
I wish you good luck.
抽象名词转化为可数名词。
Failure is the mother of success.
As a teacher , she is a success, but as a mother,
she is a failure because she devotes little time to
looking after her child.
二、名词的数不可数名词一般没有单复数之分，它包括抽象名词、物质名词和专有名词。 例如：health, advice,
glass, wood, English, America
不可数名词作主语，谓语动词须用单数形式。
Notes:
1. stomach -- stomachs 精品文档
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4 / 37 2. 以元音+y或以专有名词+y结尾的名词，直接在词尾加-s. Eg: boys; toys; Heys
3. 以-o 结尾的名词+ es在课本中出现的有hero,
potato, tomato；其余以-o结尾的词+ s:
4:以f/fe结尾只加-s的词：proofs; gulfs; cliffs;
roofs; serfs; beliefs; chiefs
handkerchief的复数形式两者都可以。
不规则变化：
变内部元音：foot-feet, tooth-teeth,
goose-geese ,mouse-mice, man-men, woman-women,
policeman-policemen
词尾加-en或ren：ox-oxen, child-children
ouse – ice：mouse-mice; louse-lice
有些外来词的不规则复数形式：Eg:
analysis-analyses;basis-bases;thesis-theses;criss-criss
criteri-criteri; phenomen-phenomenmedi
单复数相同的情况：sheep; deer; means; fish; works;
species; Chinese; Japanese
以及由汉语音译表示度量衡、货币等单位的名词。 Eg:
yuan, jiao, fen, jin, mu
只有复数形式的情况：trousers; glasses; 精品文档
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5 / 37 compassesa pair of thanks; clothes; remains; goods;
people; cattle
―某国人‖的复数形式：
?单、复数相同Chinese, Japanese, Swiss,…
?词尾加-sAfricans, Asians, Canadians,
Australians, Italians,……
?变man为men Englishman---Englishmen,
Frenchman---Frenchmen
但：German---Germans
复合名词的复数形式：1.一般将主体名词变为复数。father-in-law → fathers-in-law,
passer-by→passers-by,
looker-on→lookers-on, editor-in-chief →
editors-in-chief
2.无主体名词的在词尾加复数。如：grown-ups,
good-for-nothings，go-betweens ，look-outs
3.由man, woman,构成的复合名词应将前后两个词都变成复数。men-doctors, women-drivers, women-singers
?boyfriends, girlfriends, boy students, girl
students
有些名词可以兼作可数名词和不可数名词。
beauty---a beauty 精品文档
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6 / 37 danger—a danger
failure—a failure
honour—an honour
pity—a pity
success—a success
surprise—a surprise
pleasure—a pleasure
worry—a worry
experience—an experience
service—a service
英语中有许多对词，一个可数，一个不可数。
a poem poetry
a machine machinery
a job work
a laugh laughter
a permit permission
a garment clothing
a bag luggage, baggage
a loaf bread
a hair hair
几个名词的特殊用法1. hair
His hair is white. 精品文档
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7 / 37 He has a few grey hairs.
2. fruit
The fruit is sweet.
He likes pears, peaches, grapes and other fruits.
3. police
The police are searching for the murderer.
dozen, score
two dozen pencilsthree dozen of them / these
pencils
dozens of studentstwo score of studentsscores of
people
word, man，前面不加冠词，也不用复数形式，谓语用单数。
三、名词的格英语中的名词有三个格：主格、宾格、所有格。
