情态动词和虚拟语气（测试时间：40分钟，总分：60分）班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 座号：____________ 得分：____________I.用适当的情态动词或括号内所给词的适当形式填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)1. (2017·北京卷)Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that _______ shock the heart back into work.2. (2017·北京卷)The possibility of entering into and losing such a match _________ concentrate the minds of computer scientists.3. (2017·天津卷)What _________ she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall?4.Jack is a great talker. It's high time that he ________ (do) something instead of just talking.5.We ________ (face) the difficulty together，but why didn't you tell me?6.Don't handle the vase as if it ________ (be) made of steel.7.Sorry，I am too busy now. If I ________ (have) time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.8.Sometimes smiles around the world ________ be false，hiding other feelings like anger，fear or worry.9.According to the factory safety rules，all accidents ________ be reported to the safety officer.10.—School is over. How can we contact Robert?—Try phoning him. He ________ be home by now. He lives only a stone's throw from the school. 【参考答案】1.can2. should3. would4.did/should do5.could have faced6.were7.had8.can9.shall 10.shouldⅡ.单项填空(每小题0.5分，共5分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. (2017·北京卷)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. need【答案】C【解析】A. must 必须 B. should 应该 C. can 能 D. need 需要。
句意:Samuel，我们班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书。
此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用can，答案为C。
2. (2017·北京卷)If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。
根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。
3. (2017·天津卷)My room is a mess, but I ___________ clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.A. dar en’tB. shouldn’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t【答案】C【解析】句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以明天早晨再打扫。
A. 不敢；B. 不应该；C. 不需要；D. 禁止。
根据句意，故选C。
4. (2017·天津卷) —Do you have Betty’s phone number?—Yes. Otherwise, I ___________ able to reach her yesterday.A. hadn’t beenB. wouldn’t have beenC. weren’tD. wouldn’t be【答案】B5. (2017·江苏卷) ____________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it 【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略。
虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。
6.— What happened to the young trees we planted last week?—The trees __________ well, but I didn’t water them.A. might growB. would have grownC. needn’t have grownD. would grow【答案】B7.My phone ______ have been stolen while I was taking a bus. I can't find it anywhere.A. canB. mustC. shouldD. would【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词。
句意：一定是我乘坐公共汽车的时候手机被偷了。
我到处都找不到它。
can能；must 必须；should应该；would将会。
must have done过去一定做某事。
故选B。
8.—Did you say something rude to her due to what she had done?—Yes, but I ____________so.A. had better not doB. would rather not doC. oughtn’t to doD. would rather not have done【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。
结合语境可知，say something rude已经是过去的动作，答句表示“我宁愿我没说那样的话”，表示与过去事实相反的情况，would rather后应用have V-ed，故选D项。
9._____ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Interact games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.A. If I devotedB. Had I devotedC. Would I be devotedD. Should I be devoted【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。
句意：如果我投入更多的精力在我的学习上，而不是着迷于网络游戏，我现在就会坐在一个舒适的办公室里了。
本句运用了虚拟语气，根据句意可知，从句是对过去时期的推测。
所以，从句的完整表达方式应该是if I had devoted more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Interact games.此时，可以省去if，提前had。
故选B。
10.If I had the chance, I _____ a business at my university that would benefit my classmates.A. startedB. would startC. had startedD. would have started【答案】BIII.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
（2017·江苏卷）A new commodity brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust（反垄断）regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago, the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants（巨头）that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google, Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime. The giants’ success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery. Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The Internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a ＂God’s eye view＂ of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required — and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move from the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并), for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms’data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-born threat. When this takes place, especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them. Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form it. Governments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users’ consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy. But if governme nts don’t wanta data economy controlled by a few giants, they must act soon.1.Why is there a call to break up giants?A. They have controlled the data market.B. They collect enormous private data.C. They no longer provide free services.D. They dismissed some new-born giants.2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A. Data giants’ technology is very expensive.B. Google’s idea is popular among data firms.C. Data can strengthen giants’ controlling position.D. Data can be turned into new services or products.3. By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulators could ____________.A. kill a new threatB. avoid the size trapC. favour bigger firmsD. charge higher prices4. What is the purpose o f loosening the giants’ control of data?A. Big companies could relieve data security pressure.B. Governments could relieve their financial pressure.C. Consumers could better protect their privacy.D. Small companies could get more opportunities.【文章大意】本文主要讲的是信息时代的信息数据的垄断现象。
