江西省2021版高三上学期历史12月联考试卷(I)卷(新版)

2023-2024学年江西省赣州市大余县部分学校高三上学期12月联考地理试题为实现“双碳”目标，我国通过多种途径实施减排，取得了显著成果。

下表示意我国2020年与2025年（预计）碳排放对比，能耗统计以热值为参照。

据此完成下面小题。

1A．总量和比重均上升B．总量和比重均下降C．总量上升，比重下降D．总量下降，比重上升2．2025年单位GDP能耗明显低于2020年，表明期间我国可能（）①能源结构优化②产业结构优化③技术水平上升④经济总量上升A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①④我国有多种区域界线与秦岭大致重合，秦岭也因此成为我国重要的地理分界线。

下图是秦岭南北两侧植被类型分布示意图。

据此完成下面小题。

3．有可能位于图示两种植被类型分界线上的地点是（）A．①B．②C．③D．④4．甲区域的植被群落中，落叶阔叶树种在竞争中处于劣势地位的原因是（）A．对热季气温不适应B．对冷季气温不适应C．枝叶量少于常绿阔叶林D．生长季短于常绿阔叶林5．②、③两地冬季气温差别显著的原因是秦岭（）A．属于热量带分界线B．属于自然带分界线C．两侧气流垂直运动方向不同D．两侧气流水平运动方向不同下图是某区域地形略图，该区域内图示公路规划时，把线路坡度和长度作为重点考虑课题。

据此完成下面小题。

6．图示公路选线比该区域内其他位置（）①同等坡度下长度更小②同等坡度下长度更大③同等长度下坡度更小④同等长度下坡度更大A．①③B．①④C．②③D．②④7．该公路规划除了考虑线路坡度和长度外，还需特别关注（）A．地形起伏B．区域需求C．技术水平D．资金投入地质考查队对某断层进行考查，该断层长达126km，有河流沿断层线发育，流向自东北向西南。

下图是队员们利用地理信息技术制作的地层模型示意图，建模地段位于河流源头附近，虚线箭头表示河流流向，实线箭头表示地层上下错动方向。

据此完成下面小题。

8．河流沿断层线发育是因为断层线附近（）A．岩层破碎B．落差较大C．降水丰富D．植被缺乏9．该断层形成过程中，甲处水平作用力的方向是（）A．东南向东北B．西北向东南C．西南向东北D．东北向西南10．依据图中信息可确定的地层上下最少错动次数，①、②地层分别为（）A．1次,1次B．2次,2次C．1次,2次D．2次,1次因工作需要，陈先生经常往返于上海与成都。

江西省2021版高三上学期历史12月阶段考试试卷D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题：本大题共20题，每题3分，共60分。

(共20题；共60分)1. （3分）《韩非子》载：“先王立司南以端朝夕。

”《鬼谷子》载：“郑（国）人之取玉也，载司南之车，为其不惑也。

”（注：朝夕——东西方向；惑——迷失方向）根据材料和所学知识，推断下列说法正确的是（）A . 春秋战国时期指南针技术十分成熟B . 战国时期使用司南辨别方向C . 这是司南技术用于航海的最早记载D . 《韩非子》等不是科技著作，无参考价值2. （3分）(2018·浙江模拟) 【加试题】“他们凭藉祖先的余荫……凡州郡掌管选举诠叙的官吏，如中正、主簿、功曹之类，都非由他们中择人任用不可，而且由中央到地方的高级长官亦由他们包揽独占，使一般平民不易有参加的机会。

”材料反映的是（）A . 科举制形成的必然性B . 察举制引发社会动荡C . 科举制打破特权垄断D . 世家大族垄断选官权3. （3分）(2018·浙江模拟) 图为宋代苏轼的书法作品《寒食帖》，下列对该帖字体的特点描述正确的是（）A . 非真非草，行云流水B . 写意奔放，风卷残云C . 方正平直，循乎法度D . 笔画圆匀，形体修长4. （3分） (2017高二上·郑州开学考) 唐代长安东西两市见于记载的有肉行、绢行、药行、大衣行、秤行、鼓行、铁行等；而当时一些新兴的工商业城市中，同类商品也多集中在一个区域进行交易。

由此可见当时（）A . 手工业生产分工细B . 城市经济空前繁荣C . 商品销售的专业化D . 城市经济功能增强5. （3分）电影《墨攻》讲述了由香港影星刘德华饰演的墨家智者革离孤身拯救遭十万赵国大军围攻梁城的故事，据说拍戏前刘德华苦读相关剧本资料，下列介绍故事背景的资料违背史实的是（）A . 思想界出现了“百家争鸣”的局面B . 原先地位低的“士”阶层开始崛起C . 有些墨家学派成员会使用铁犁牛耕D . “学在官府”导致墨家不能办私学6. （3分）朱熹指出：“一草一木，与他夏葛冬裘、渴饮饥食，君臣父子、礼乐器数，都是天理流行”。

江西省五市九校协作体2024届第一次联考历史试卷考生须知：1.本卷满分100分，考试时间75分钟。

2.所有答案必须写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，只需上交答题卡。

一、选择题(本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，不选、多选、错选均不得分)1.江西省万年县的仙人洞、吊桶环遗址出土了大量遗物，有石器、骨器、穿孔蚌器、原始陶片、人骨标本以及兽骨残片，对遗址的稻作化石分析证实了该地区是亚洲乃至世界上最早栽培水稻的地区。

据此可知，这一文化遗存( )A.证明江西是最早农业起源地B.体现了中华文明的多元性C.说明原始的手工业非常发达D.出现了社会阶级贫富分化2.贾谊在《新书·等齐》中描述了汉初官制：“天子之相，号为丞相，黄金之印；诸侯之相，号为丞相，黄金之印，而尊无异等，秩加二千石之上。

天子列卿秩二千石，诸侯列卿秩二千石，则臣已同矣……天子卫御，号为大仆，银印，秩二千石；诸侯之御，号曰大仆，银印，秩二千石，则御已齐矣。

”据此可知，汉初( )A.政治设计削弱中央集权B.继承了秦朝的政治制度C.形成了完备的官僚体系D.正确吸取了秦亡的教训3.秦汉时期推行乡里制度，但到东晋南朝，以户口编排为基础的“里”逐渐松弛，丘、村等自然聚落逐步演变成为实际的乡村行政管理单位，与“里”并存，甚至慢慢地取代了“里”。

这一变化说明()A.国家主动对基层社会管理制度进行调整B.传统制度脱离当时社会发展的实际情况C.血缘聚居取代地缘聚居为主的聚合形态D.国家治乱兴衰影响了社会基层组织形态4.理学大师朱熹提出了著名的“存天理，灭人欲”的命题，但朱熹也说：“人欲中自有天理。

”又说：“饮食者，天理也；要求美味，人欲也。

”其体现的主旨是( )A.张扬自我的人生态度B.建立伦理道德秩序C.用道心克制过度欲望D.去除人的一切欲望5.据明万历《嘉兴府志》记载当地的风俗：小满时节，家家关门闭户，叫做“蚕关门”,直到采茧时，才开禁，亲戚之间才可以互相走动，叫做“蚕开门”。

第四单元细胞的生命历程（测试）测试卷时间：90分钟分值：100分一、单选题(共50分,120题每题1分，2135题每题2分）1．（2023春·湖南衡阳·高二校考期末）某同学在观察植物细胞有丝分裂时发现，绝大多数细胞处于间期。

下列关于细胞周期的叙述，正确的是（）A．抑制DNA的合成，细胞将停留在分裂期B．细胞周期分为前期、中期、后期、末期C．分裂期存在核膜、核仁消失与重建过程D．分裂前的间期DNA含量和染色体数目都加倍2．（2023春·四川凉山·高二校联考期末）显微镜观察为有丝分裂的研究提供了可靠的证据，结合以下某高等植物细胞有丝分裂不同时期图像分析，相关叙述不正确的是（）A．在有丝分裂过程中，正确的图像顺序是badcB．图a是观察染色体的最佳时期，但该时期无法看到赤道板C．图b时期最明显的变化是细胞内出现了染色体D．该细胞分裂成两个新细胞的标志是细胞板的形成3．（2023·湖北·高一学业考试）在植物细胞分裂周期中，下列哪个时期经历的时间最长？（）A．间期B．前期C．中期D．后期4．（2023春·河北衡水·高一河北阜城中学校考阶段练习）下列有关细胞大小和分裂的叙述，正确的是（）A．细胞体积越小，表面积也越小，物质运输效率越低B．人的红细胞可进行有丝分裂，蛙的红细胞可进行无丝分裂C．有丝分裂过程包括物质准备和细胞分裂两个连续的阶段D．无丝分裂过程中没有纺锤体和染色体的变化5．（2023春·辽宁丹东·高一校考期中）科学家通过模拟实验探究细胞大小与物质运输的关系，结果如图所示。

阴影部分表示NaOH在琼脂块上扩散的区域，空白部分表示未扩散的区域。

下列叙述错误的是（）A．边长3cm琼脂块扩散面积最大，说明其扩散速率最快B．NaOH在边长1cm的琼脂块内扩散的比例最高C．NaOH扩散体积与琼脂块总体积之比可以反映细胞的物质运输效率D．本实验可说明，细胞体积越小，其相对表面积越大，物质运输的效率就越高6．（江苏省苏州市2022—2023学年高一下学期学业质量阳光指标调研生物试题）通过观察某动物睾丸细胞分裂装片，绘制了如图所示的同源染色体对数变化曲线。

江西省三新名校2023-2024学年高二上学期12月联考地理试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题下图为某天北京时间20：00张老师在新疆赛里木湖区（44°N，81°E）拍摄的太阳紧贴湖面的景观照片。

据此完成下面小题。

1、该照片拍摄的方向是( )A.东北B.西北C.东南D.西南2、拍摄该景观后的一周内( )A.广州夜长变短B.昆明日出东南C.地球公转速度渐快D.南昌正午日影渐长下图为沿23.5°S的世界某区域板块边界示意图。

据此完成下面小题。

3、下列地区与图示地区的边界类型相同的有( )①冰岛②直布罗陀海峡③落基山脉④台湾岛⑤马达加斯加岛⑥夏威夷群岛A.①②④B.②③④C.②③⑥D.③④⑤4、该板块边界所在沿海地区，其对应气候条件下的典型建筑特点最可能为( )A.厚墙小窗B.尖顶飞檐C.粉墙黛瓦D.干栏式高脚屋地质图上，构造等高线是指某一岩层顶部海拔相同点的连线。

下图示意某区域的构造等高线和地形等高线，地形等高线的等高距是100m，山峰最高点海拔为885m，河流甲处有一落差25m的瀑布。

据此完成下面小题。

5、下列叙述正确的是( )①图中河流向北流入湖泊②丙处坡面径流是由东南向西北流③图中河谷为背斜成谷④丁处地下岩层具有良好储油构造A.①②B.③④C.②③D.②④6、图中乙处该岩层顶部的最小埋藏深度可能是( )A.210mB.130mC.125mD.100m茎柔鱼属于冷水性鱼类，集中分布在秘鲁西部海域。

鱼群对栖息地环境及水温变化极其敏感，会随水温变化而迁移，鱼类数量、体型也会发生变化。

下图示意2019年11月赤道太平洋东部海域表层水温距平值（相比多年平均值的差值）分布。

据此完成下面小题。

7、茎柔鱼集中分布在秘鲁西部海域的原因是( )A.上升流带来的营养物质多B.寒暖流交汇，营养物质丰富C.河川径流带来的营养物质多D.大陆架地区光照充足8、2019年11月茎柔鱼的迁移方向为( )①向低纬度地区迁移②向高纬度地区迁移③向深海方向迁移④向浅海方向迁移A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④9、2019年秘鲁西部海域茎柔鱼( )A.数量增多，体型增大B.数量增多，体型减小C.数量减少，体型减小D.数量减少，体型增大下表记载的是一个较为稳定的天气系统某月1日—5日经过武汉市的气压、风向和日最高气温等随时间变化情况。

江西省10月份高三联考地理本试卷满分100分，考试用时75分钟。

注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

4．本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容。

一、选择题：本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

城市政府驻地迁移会导致资源在空间上的重新配置，从而影响地区经济发展。

铜川市为陕西能源型重化工城市，为促进空间均衡发展，铜川市政府驻地于2003年由王益区迁入耀州区。

铜川市政府驻地搬迁初期，耀州区经济发展速度比王益区更快，但2012年却被王益区反超。

图1示意铜川市政府搬迁后15年间两区人均生产总值增长率对比。

据此完成1-3题。

图11．政府驻地搬迁初期，耀州区人均生产总值增长率较高，主要得益于（）A．产业升级快速推进B．基础设施投资拉动C．居民收入水平提高D．行政治理能力提升2．2012年后，王益区人均生产总值增长率反超耀州区，主要是因为王益区具有（）A．及时更新的配套设施B．通达便捷的交通条件C．相对完善的产业基础D．更加庞大的人口基数3．两区2015-2016年人均生产总值增长率较低的原因可能是（）A．环保政策趋严B．产业外迁减速C．工业设施老化D．能源价格下跌日本以东海域和菲律宾以东海域的海温有些年份冬季出现“跷跷板”式异常。

当日本以东海域海温偏高，而菲律宾以东海域海温偏低时，西北太平洋中高纬地区对流层低层形成异常反气旋，此时我国东北松花江流域降雪增加。

据此完成4-5 题。

4．当日本以东海域海温偏高时，该海域（）A．表层海水密度偏大B．海洋向大气输送热量增加C．表层海水冻结期缩短D．海洋吸收的太阳辐射减少5．西北太平洋中高纬地区对流层低层形成异常反气旋时，为松花江流域带来降雪的主要是（）A．东南气流B．东北气流C．西南气流D．西北气流随着电商物流的高速发展和居民消费习惯的转变，利用互联网平台与即时配送方式购买生鲜食品已成为重要趋势。

第I 卷（选择题）一、选择题(本大题共25小题，每题2分，共50分。

每题所列的四个选项中，只有一项是最合题目要求的。

）1．海昏侯墓的发掘是近年史学考古上的重大事件。

海昏侯墓墓主刘贺，曾当过27天西汉皇帝，后被辅政大臣、博陆侯霍光率领群臣，以“荒淫迷惑，失帝王礼谊，乱汉制度”为理由奏请太后废黜。

这一历史事件说明A．西汉的君主专制制度遭到破坏B．官僚集团对皇权存在一定程度制约C. 霍光“废帝”的举措符合董仲舒的“天人感应”D．西汉诸侯势力严重影响中央集权2．有学者研究发现，唐代城市道路功能单纯．主要满足城市交道需要。

到了宋代，城市进路的性质发生了变化，两旁分布着各种商店，形成繁华的商业街，成为城市生活的中心，道路宽度缩小。

这种情况一直廷续到明清。

这种变化反映了A．手工业发展使商业繁荣 B．城市经济功能的增强C．江南工商业市镇的兴起 D．城市建筑风格的质变3．《文献通考》对古代农业生产有过如下一段描述：圩田、湖田多起于（北宋）政和以来……大概今之田昔之水，徒知湖中之水可涸以耕田，而不知湖外之田将胥而为水也。

”这说明A．宋代农业生产技术得到极大的提高B．古人对过度开发具有一定的警醒和反思C．经济的发展促进了土地的开垦开发D．宋代政和年间出现了较严重的水患灾害4. 元朝在对行省划界时广泛采用‘犬牙交错”的原则，例如陕西行省跨越秦岭，溯广行省、江西行省均踌越南岭，河南江北行省跨越淮河，中书省直辖区则跨越太行山。

元朝的这一做法A．使地方享有更充分的军事、行政管理权 B.分割地方，以便于加张对地方的控制C．肥瘠搭配，便于农也生产的管理和发展 D.充分体砚了元朝以北制南的治国理念5．黄宗羲在《明夷待访录》中指出历史上的赋税制度有“三害”: “有积累莫返之害，有所税非所出之害，有田土无等第之害。

”他的观点以及所反映的历史现象被现代学者总结为“黄宗羲定律”这一“定律”反映的古代赋税制度的弊端在于A．沿用旧制，鲜有改革 B．赋役沉重，百姓困苦C.单一赋种，没有差等D. 统一征缴，耗时费力6．黄仁宇说：“过去曾有不少读史者，以光绪帝不能毅然下决心清算慈禧太后为憾。

高三历史试卷本试卷满分100分，考试用时75分钟。

注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

4.本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容。

一、选择题：本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

在每小题所给的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.在新石器时代晚期江西境内的文明遗址中，都出土了少量的与偃师二里头文化相同或相似的器物，如广丰社山头遗址的卷沿深腹盆、敞口深腹外饰凸棱平底盆，就与二里头二期文化的同类器物相似。

这可用来说明当时A. 夏王朝统治范围到达江西B. 江西地区早期文明发展迟滞C. 区域之间存在着文明交流D. 江西文明发展呈现多元特征2.汉初，家族形态仍沿袭商鞅变法以来秦国的小家庭制，孩子成年后必须分家，另立门户；不分家的就必须以赋税加倍的方式来惩罚。

但西汉后半期及东汉，社会舆论都以几代同堂，几世不分财为佳话。

这一变化反映了A. 社会秩序日益稳定B.儒家伦理影响力的增强C.宗法制的社会影响D.百姓赋税负担的减轻3.“变文”最初是唐代寺院里以通俗语言解说佛经所依据的文本。

唐代中后期，变文发展出了新的形式，它们全篇大量使用白话，没有用来吟唱的韵文，而且以讲人物故事的形式出现在都市中。

“变文”形式的变化反映出唐代中后期A. 民众教育水平的提升B.士大夫审美情趣变化C. 佛教日益中国化趋势D. 城市商品经济的发展4.两宋之交的农学家陈敷说，湖州安吉县农户“唯藉蚕办生事”。

据南宋洪迈记述，湖州地区的某些村落中，已不乏“递年以桑蚕为业”的农户。

苏州太湖洞庭山方圆数十里，“多种柑橘、桑麻，糊口之物，尽仰商贩”。

材料意在说明宋代江浙地区A.已出现农业专业化经营B.农业生产结构多样化C. 长途贩运贸易比较发达D.自然经济走向了瓦解【高三历史第1页(共6页)】5.朱元璋下令在全国设置申明亭和旌善亭，前者公布本地犯罪人员的姓名及其所犯之罪，后者定期公布本地孝子贤孙、贞女节妇的事迹。

江西省赣州市大余县部分学校联考2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Books We Love returns with new titles handpicked by NPR staff and trusted critics. Find 11 years of recommendations all in one place.MobilityLydia KieslingLydia Kiesling pulls off a feat in this novel about fossil fuels and climate change. A big part of why Mobiliry works so well is Kiesling’s choice of hero: a foreign service guy named Bunny. As the 1990s teenager witnessed the global fight for oil and trips into an oil career in Texas in young adulthood, he worries about our climate-damaged future.LimitlessJeanna SmialekNew York Times reporter Jeanna covers the organization the Federal Reserve (Fed), and explains how important the Fed is to the lives of ordinary people and details the changing role of the Fed among worldwide financial crisis. Through human-level storytelling, she makes the Fed’s decision-making feel refreshingly transparent.Land of Milk and HoneyC Pam ZhangSet in a future where the Earth suffers widespread crop failures and food shortages, the story follows a chef who finds herself in a world of cooking delights among a landscape of scarcity and despair. It’s a deep exploration of human nature, leaving you questioning the delicate balance between survival and the price we are willing to pay for pleasure in a world on the brink.The Right CallSally JenkinsSally Jenkins has made the highest achievements in sports, by individuals and by teams. With The Right Call, she looks back to capture what makes some athletes and coaches reach the peak of their game. Whatever part of life you want to do well in, this book will have you rethinking what you do and how you might do it differently.1．What can we learn from Limitless?A．A climate-damaged future.B．The Fed’s influence on people’s lives.C．A delighted chef.D．The crop failures in the world. 2．What do Mobiliry and Land of Milk and Honey have in common?A．Both aim at ways to tackle food problems.B．Both investigate the qualities of athletes.C．Both deal with global financial systems.D．Both are concerned with the environment.3．Whose book can motivate a reader to be outstanding?A．Jeanna Smialek’s.B．C Pam Zhang’s.C．Sally Jenkins’s.D．Lydia Kiesling’s.Having decided to join Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade (游行) with our five-year-old daughter, Kerry, we caught the dawn train to Grand Central along with hundreds of excited celebrants. Like many other families, we packed a small backpack with sliced turkey sandwiches and juice boxes—eating in New York City is expensive. Kerry was wide-eyed and a little overwhelmed.As the train pulled into the terminal (终点站) , everyone rose and anxiously waited to head toward the parade route along Fifth Avenue. We waited until everyone stepped off onto the platform. As we walked up to the entrance to the terminal, Kerry spotted a homeless woman sitting in the shadows, invisible to all except my curious daughter. “What’s that?” she asked in confusion. Linda and I looked at each other. We gave a simple and honest explanation.The following year, we decided to attend the parade again. So the night before Thanksgiving we went shopping for sliced turkey for sandwiches. Again, Kerry caught us off guard. “Can we bring some sandwiches for those people?” she asked. We knew immediately whom she meant. This was a golden opportunity to honor Kerry’s sense of charity. That night we prepared two dozen sandwiches into our overstuffed backpack.The next morning we took the train into Manhatan again but there was a different excitement in our little family. We were still inside the terminal when Kerry spotted the first homeless man siting motionless in a dark corner. She extracted a sandwich and took it over to him. Neither spoke a word. Then we were off to the parade, stopping along the way todistribute the rest of the sandwiches, except one for each of us. Somehow, no giant Thanksgiving sit-down feast ever tasted as good as those sandwiches.Decades later, Kerry still fulfills her sense of kindness and generosity on this day, and passes on her good example with her daughters. There’s nothing like sharing a turkey sandwich with new friends.4．Why did the author take some sandwiches on the first parade?A．To follow in others’ footsteps.B．To save expenses on food.C．To obey the parade tradition.D．To distribute them to homeless people. 5．What made Kerry confused at the terminal?A．That some people were homeless.B．Where they could go for the parade.C．That the homeless was invisible to others.D．Why people rushed to the parade route hurriedly.6．What excited the family on the next parade?A．They were inside the same terminal.B．They’d attend a Thanksgiving feast.C．They had their backpack overstuffed.D．They’d do charity for the homeless. 7．What have Kerry’s daughters learned from her?A．Helping others is helping ourselves.B．One should do things independently.C．Performing acts of kindness is a good virtue.D．Traditional festivals should not be forgotten.The rainforests are alive with the sound of animals. If you want to measure the biodiversity of a land, listen for animal calls rather than dig for tracks. But such “bioacoustic (生物声音) analysis” is time-consuming and requires an expert pair of ears.A group of researchers led by Jorg Muller, an ecologist at the University of Wurzburg in Germany, describe a better way: have a computer do the job. Smartphone apps already exist that identify birds, bats or mammals simply by listening to their sounds. Their idea was to apply the principle to conservation work. The researchers took recordings from 43 sites in the Ecuadorean rainforest. Sound recordings were taken four times every hour, over two weeks. The various calls were identified by an expert, and then used to construct a list of the species present. As expected, the longer the land had been free from agricultural activity, the greaterthe biodiversity it hosted.Then it was the computer’s turn. The researchers put their recordings into artificial-inteligence models that had been trained, using sound samples from elsewhere in Ecuador, to identify 75 bird species from their calls. “We found that the AI tools could identify the sounds as well as the experts,” says Dr. Muller.Since not everything in a rainforest makes a noise, Dr. Muller and his colleagues used light- traps to capture night-flying insects, and DNA analysis to identify them. Reassuringly, they found that the diversity of noisy animals was a reliable replacement for the diversity of the quieter ones, too.The results may have relevance outside ecology departments, too. Under pressure from their customers, firms such as L’Oreal, a make-up company, and Shell, an oil firm, have been spending money on forest restoration projects. Dr. Muller hopes that an automated approach to checking the results could help monitor such efforts, and give a standardised way to measure whether they are working as well as their sponsors say.8．What’s the disadvantage of bioacoustic analysis?A．It calls for some digging work.B．It takes an expert a lot of time.C．It can only be performed on land.D．It can’t be done on a large scale. 9．How did the researchers carry out their research?A．They fed the recordings to AI models for identification.B．They strengthened the reservation of the rainforest species.C．They limited agricultural activities to allow for biodiversity.D．They built up a list of endangered species for protection.10．What does the author indicate by mentioning L’Oreal and Shell?A．The AI model can be used in research on automation.B．Customers have realized the importance of the research.C．Large companies have taken action to protect the environment.D．The research can help measure the effect of forest restoration.11．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Promote Rainforest Biodiversity Through AIB．Protect a Forest’s Inhabitants by ListeningC．Identify the Calls of the Wild With AI AidD．Find a Way to Monitor Deforestation SituationScientists who study the intersection of conflict and human behavior say it’s essential to understand the biology behind some of these bitter interactions. As social beings, humans form strong bonds with groups that could help us survive against outside threats.Olga Klimecki, a neurology researcher in Germany, says brain scans show how powerfully social identity can shape our emotional response to situations. For example, if someone sees a fellow member of the group in pain, the brain will react with empathy. “My brain would imitate the suffering of the other person by reactivating how I feel when I’m feeling bad,” Klimecki explains. But if it is an adversary who is experiencing pain, the same empathetic region of the brain isn’t active, and we also see more activation related to joy.Worse still, conflict literally weakens our brain’s ability to feel love. Klimecki says studies show couples who just argued have less activity in regions of the brain that sense attachment and fondness. Conflict deepens quickly when we feel it threatening things we hold dearest—our values or our people. We dig in deeper, becoming less rational (理性的).So, facing an urgent situation first requires releasing a brain dominated by defensive emotion. Phillips, a veteran conflict-resolution expert, says it means saying to your opponent, for example: “I understand this is core to your identity and your community, and I respect your sacred values.”If you’re in a heated argument, Klimecki, the neurologist, suggests taking “microbreaks” to help regain perspective. She also suggests taking measures to reduce stress, because stress reduces function in a part of the brain that helps us think rationally. So, she advises getting more sleep, trying deep breathing or thinking of something that makes you feel positive. All these can cut down stress and give you greater capacity to handle conflict better, and hopefully keep dialogue open with your friends and loved ones, even when you disagree. 12．What does Olga Klimecki find in his research?A．People show their weakness facing threats.B．We tend to show great sympathy to the weak.C．We have a social identity to protect ourselves.D．Social identity decides our situational response.13．What does the underlined word “adversary” in paragraph 2 mean?A．Friend.B．Enemy.C．Victim.D．V olunteer. 14．What do the studies of arguing couples show?A．People in conflict don’t see things rationally.B．Conflicts arise when the brain senses no love.C．We need a sense of attachment to stop conflict.D．Fondness of each other helps couples face threats.15．What does the last paragraph focus on?A．How to connect with people of the same identity.B．Where to seek help in time of a heated argument.C．What to do to become rational after an argument.D．Who to rely on to remove your irrational feeling.Toymakers are developing new games to target people aged over 65 . They suggest thehave raised doubts about their claims.17 It’s now including images of older people in its marketing efforts. The move came after the company Educational Insights noticed last year that its toys were popular with older customers. Long before the pandemic, many adults purchased Legos or collectible items to connect with their inner child. During the pandemic, many adults used animals and robotic pets as companions during lockdown. 18About 5 percent of the total U. S. toy sales are for males ages 35 and over, up 13 percent since last year. About 4 percent of total U. S. toy sales are for females ages 35 and over, up 9 percent since last year. 19 But grandparents who bought toys for their grandchild have big spending power. And grandparents spent on average 7 percent more per toy than the total market during the fourth quarter of 2022. They make up the highest. amount spent across all buyer groups.Still, some scientists warn of these products’ limitations. Brain games like crossword puzzles help preserve mental abilities such as reasoning or thinking. 20 It’s such cognitive skills that determine how we perform everyday living activities, such as job performance or maintaining independent living. Additionally, researchers also said that there is limited evidence to date that playing games can greatly reduce loneliness.A．They could also reduce loneliness.B．But the games don’t promote the cognitive skills.C．There has been a sharp growth of the trend ever since.D．Educational Insights produces toys for young children.E．Sales data for the over 65 group hasn’t been estimated.F．Evidence shows that toy sales are targeted at adult buyers.G．People get better in specific skills if they play the games.二、完形填空I came to the U.S. for my undergraduate studies. I got used to life here and did wellconsultant 23 . But six months after that, I was laid off.Like any person who loses their job, I felt anger and anxiety. I could have one-year 24 of my student visa when I could work, but I was only allowed 90 days of unemployment before I had to leave the country. I felt painfully 25 .After taking a few days to 26 from the shock, I began my 27 . Whereas in my Previous post — Ph. D．job search I had 28 science because of lack of confidence, now I needed to explore every possible 29 . That’s when the surprises really started. When I contacted major corporations whose labs I might be interested in working in, many 30 enthusiastically. They saw my Ph. D．as 31 that I was capable of learning and persevering.And I knew from the experience that obtaining a visa while working at a university is relatively straightforward. Perhaps academic science had a place for me after all.Working now at a university lab, I’ve begun my life as a postdoc, and I’m beginning to 32 my confidence. Some days are really hard, but most days are exciting, 33 me of the joys of reading papers, learning about new 34 findings, and working with my new lab mates and enjoying their 35 . I’m grateful I was forced to give science — and myself — a second chance.21．A．traditionally B．economically C．academically D．psychologically 22．A．arranged B．preserved C．allowed D．meant 23．A．therefore B．instead C．otherwise D．too 24．A．transformation B．devotion C．decision D．extension 25．A．unwelcome B．unconcerned C．astonished D．delighted26．A．escape B．separate C．learn D．recover 27．A．education B．presentation C．application D．foundation 28．A．laid out B．ruled out C．pulled up D．kept up 29．A．range B．change C．detail D．option 30．A．admitted B．predicted C．responded D．illustrated 31．A．evidence B．justice C．certification D．comparison 32．A．recognize B．regain C．review D．reproduce 33．A．reminding B．ridding C．curing D．warning 34．A．daily B．scientific C．complex D．thorough 35．A．company B．advice C．situation D．occupation三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

【高三考试英语试卷 第1页（共IO 页）】• 21 — IO-134（、•江西金太阳（新高考）2021届髙三上学期12月联考（134C ）英语试卷注意事项：1. 签卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回签非选择题时，将答案写在 答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节,满分30分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出1⅛佳选 项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读 2. What does the WOman think Of Ihe weather?A. It ,s warm.B. It's fine.3. What Will the man do?A. GiVe a lecture. B Atten （I a meeting. 4. What ,s the PrObable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates.B. BOSS and secretary. 5. What does the WOman Want the man to do?A. SPeak louder.B. APOIOgiZe to her.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22. 5分〉听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A 、E 、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。