2013复习题

2.1微处理器主要由那几部分组成？解：运算器，控制器，寄存器组2.4 总线周期中，何时需要插入Tw等待周期？插入Tw周期的个数取决于什么因素？解：在每个总线周期的T3的开始处若READY为低电平，则CPU在T3后插入一个等待周期Tw。

在Tw的开始时刻，CPU还要检查READY状态，若仍为低电平，则再插入一个Tw。

此过程一直进行到某个Tw开始时，READY已经变为高电平，这时下一个时钟周期才转入T4.插入Tw周期的个数取决于READY电平维持的时间2.6 在8086/8088CPU，标志寄存器包含哪些标志位？各位为0（为1）分别表示什么含义？解：CF进位标志位。

若算术运算时最高位有进位则CF=1，否则CF=0PFo奇偶标志位。

当运算结果低8位中“1”的个数为偶数时PF=1，为奇数时PF=0AF辅助进位位。

再加（减）法操作中，b3向b4有进位（借位）时，AF=1,否则AF=0ZF零标志位。

当运算结果为零时ZF=1，否则ZF=0 SF符号标志位。

当运算结果的最高位为1时SF=1，否则SF=0OF溢出标志位。

当算术运算的结果溢出时，OF=1，否则OF=0 TF跟踪标志位。

TF=1时使CPU处于单步执行指令的工作方式IF中断允许标志位。

IF=1时使CPU可以响应可屏蔽中断请求，IF=0时则禁止响应中断DF方向标志位。

DF=1使串操作按减地址方式进行。

DF=0使串操作按增地址方式进行2.7 8086/8088CPU中，有哪些通用寄存器和专用寄存器？说明它们的作用。

解：AX,BX,CX和DX寄存器一般用于存放参与运算的数据或运算的结果。

除此之外：AX：主要存放算术逻辑运算中的操作数，以及存放I/0操作的数据BX：存放访问内存时的基地址CX：在循环和串操作指令中用计数器DX：在寄存器间接寻址的I/O指令中存放I/O地址。

在做双字长乘除法运算时，DX与AX合起来存放一个双字长数SP：存放栈顶偏移地址BF：存放访问内存时的基地址SP和BP也可以存放数据，但他们的默认段寄存器都是SSSI:常在变址寻址方式中作为源地址指针DI：常在变址寻址方式中作为目标地址指针专用寄存器包括4个段寄存器和2个控制寄存器：CS：代码段寄存器，用于存放代码段的段基地址DS：数据段寄存器，用于存放数据段的段基地址SS：堆栈段寄存器，用于存放堆栈段的段基地址ES：附加数据段寄存器，用于存放附加段的段基地址IP:指令指针寄存器，用于存放吓一跳要执行指令的偏移地址FLAGS:标志寄存器，用于存放运算结果的特征2.9 在8088CPU中物理地址和逻辑地址是什么？一直逻辑地址为1F00:38A0H，如何计算出其对应的物理地址?若已知物理地址，其逻辑地址唯一吗？解:物理地址是CPU存取存储器所用的地址。

一、在定压热容Cp的经验表达式中，若使用T2项来代替T-2项，试导出这时的焓(H)、熵(S)和Gibbs自由能(G)的表达式。

（15分）答案：见复习题T1。

二、纯Bi在0.1MPa压力下的熔点为544K。

增加压力时，其熔点以3.55/10000K.MPa-1的速率下降。

已知熔化潜热为52.7J.g-1，试求熔点下液、固两相的摩尔体积差。

（8分）答案：见习题集P13T12。

三、试用Gm-X图解法说明，为什么fcc结构的金属加入铁中后，大多会扩展Fe的fcc结构相区？而Al（fcc结构）为什么却会封闭Fe的fcc相区？(12分)答案：第一问见课本P84，第二问见习题P46T2。

（以及复习题T5）PS：注意区别BCC，FCC等，另参考习题P46T1。

四、根据相图，绘出T1、T2、T3、T4温度下各相（L、α、β）摩尔自由能-成分曲线的位置关系。

(12分)答案：见复习题T7。

五、试用正规溶体模型计算一个I AB=16.7kJ.mol-1成分为X B=0.4的二元固溶体，其发生Spinodal分解的上限温度是多少？（10分）答案：见习题集P29T3。

六、试根据Al-Mg二元相图中Mg17Al12在Mg基固溶体（β）中的溶解度数据（见下表），求Mg17Al12的生成自由能。

（8分）温度/℃400 350 300 250 200 150 溶解度(Al)at.% 11 8.2 6.1 4.3 2.9 1.7答案：见习题集P69T3。

七、试用摩尔自由能-成分图说明：1）为什么碳素钢在淬火后回火时，渗碳体的粒子越细，其周围的铁素体中的含碳量越高？2）为什么碳素钢的淬火马氏体在200℃以下低温回火时，首先析出的并不是渗碳体而是更富碳的ε碳化物？（20分）答案：第一问见习题集P69T3；第二问见课本P122例题5.1。

八、试述Bragg-Williams近似和双亚点阵模型的构建、结论和应用。

（15分）答案：见复习题T16。

一、单项选择题1、行业会计分为企业会计和（）两大系统。

A财政总预算会计B．非企业会计．C.事业单位会计 D.行政单位会计2．某商场有三个营业柜组：百货组、服装组、食品组，各组的商品期末库存商品及受托代销商品的金额之和为20000、15000、12000，本月的主营业务收入为48000、32000、20000，本月结转前的“商品进销差价”账户的金额为8000、4500、3200；则本月的综合差价率是（）A．11.7% B．9% C．10% D.10.68%3．施工企业按月摊销的临时设施摊销费应贷记（）账户。

A．临时设施摊销 B.在建工程 C．工程施工 D．开发成本4．某餐厅“鱼香肉丝”的原材料成本为38元，假定其成本毛利率为60%，则该菜式的每盘售价应为（四舍五入到个位）（）元。

A．95 B．53 C．60 D．635．批发企业购进商品运输途中的自然损耗应列为（）。

A．其他应收款 B．营业外收入C．销售费用 D．由供货单位补发新品并作进货退出处理6．工程成本核算一般用（）作为成本核算对象。

A．分项工程 B．分部成本 C．工程项目 D．单位工程7．以下存货计价方法中，( ) 主要是商业经营中才使用的方法。

A．加权平均法 B．移动加权平均法 C．先进先出法D．毛利率法8．银行的乙种账是设有借方发生额、贷方发生额、借方余额、积数等四栏，适用于在（）的明细账。

A．账页上计算发生额 B．账页上不计息C．账页上计息 D．横线登记式9、银行的丙种账设有借方发生额、贷方发生额、借方余额、贷方发生额四栏，适用于（）反映余额的账户。

A．账页上不计息 B．账页上计算发生额 C．账页上计息D．借方、贷方双方10、远洋运输，由于航行距离和航行时间长，可按航次计算成本。

一般交通运输的成本计算应该按（）计算成本。

A．车次B．月份 C．季度 D．年度 E．台班11、汽车运输从理论上讲应按劳务种类为成本计算对象，而按车型归集成本较简便。

复习题一、选择题1. 消除分析方法中存在的系统误差，可以采用的方法是-------------------------------------（）(A) 增大试样称量质量(B) 用两组测量数据对照(C) 增加测定次数(D) 进行仪器校准2. 可用于减少测定过程中的偶然误差的方法是-----------------------------------------------（）A.进行对照试验B. 进行空白试验C. 进行仪器校准D. 增加平行试验的次数3. 下列表述中，最能说明随机（偶然）误差小的是-----------------------------------------------( )(A) 高精密度(B) 与已知质量分数的试样多次分析结果的平均值一致(C) 标准偏差大(D) 仔细校正所用砝码和容量仪器等4．下列各项定义中不正确．．．的是----------------------------------------------------------------------（）(A) 绝对误差是测定值与真值之差(B) 相对误差是绝对误差在真值中所占的百分比(C) 偏差是指测定值与平均值之差(D) 总体平均值就是真值5. 准确移取1.0 mg/mL铜的标准溶液2.50 mL，于容量瓶中稀释至500 mL，则稀释后的溶液含铜(μg/mL)为-------------------------------------------------------------------------（）(A) 0.5 (B) 2.5 (C) 5.0 (D) 256. 下列各组组分中不属于．．．共轭酸碱对的是--------------------------------------------------（）(A) H2CO3和CO32-(B) NH3和NH4+(C) HCl和Cl-(D) HSO4- 和SO42-7. 对配位反应中的条件稳定常数，正确的叙述是---------------------------------------- （）(A) 条件稳定常数是实验条件下的实际稳定常数(B) 酸效应系数并不总是使条件稳定常数减小(C) 所有的副反应均使条件稳定常数减小(D) 条件稳定常数与配位滴定突跃无关8.根据标准电极电势（VEFF87.22/2=-θ，VEClCl36.12/2=-θ，VEBrBr08.12/2=-θ，VEII54.02/2=-θ，VEFeFe77.023/=++θ）判断以下说法正确的是--------------------------（）(A) 在F2、Cl2、Br2、I2中只有I2可被Fe2+还原(B) 在F-、Cl-、Br-、I-中只有I-可被Fe3+氧化(C) 在F-、Cl-、Br-、I-中除I-之外都可被Fe2+还原(D) 在F-、Cl-、Br-、I-中除I-之外都可被Fe3+氧化9. 关于基准物质下述不正确．．．的是---------------------------------------------------------------（）(A) 纯度高；(B) 组成与化学式相符；(C) 性质稳定。

一选择题1、现代国防的主体是国家，维护国家( B ) 是国防的根本职能。

A经济利益 B安全利益C政治利益D 外交与文化利益2、中国古代军事思想成熟于（ B ）时期。

A、夏商西周B、春秋战国C、秦汉宋元D、明至清3、（ C ）的问世，标志着封建社会军思想的成熟。

A《吴子兵法》B《孙膑兵法》C《孙子兵法》Ｄ《司马法》４、我国的国防类型是（ D ）A扩张型B中立型C联盟型D自卫型5、.热兵器战争的标志是（ D ）的运用。

A 指南针B 飞机 C火枪 D火药6.高技术战争是以（ A ）的运用为主要标志的。

A 精确制导武器B 飞机C航空母舰 D 无线电通信7( A )年日本帝国主义发动震惊中外的“九一八事变”在民族危亡关头，国民党政府奉行不抵抗政策，几个月之内就使东北全境沦陷。

A、1931B、1932C、19378伊拉克战争于2003年3月20号爆发，比原计划提前了24小时，其原因是（ C ）A 美国发现了大规模杀伤性武器B 在伊拉克发现了本拉登C 有情报说萨达姆在某处开会D 美国兵器走火9、国防教育的核心是（ B ）A理想信念教育B爱国主义教育C军事理论教育D军事技能教育10、战争是交战双方技术力量的竞争，（ A ）是战争胜利之魂。

A、武器装备的质量B、社会高智能群体C、指挥员的素质D、制信息权11. C4ISR系统中，S代表（ C ），R代表( D )。

A 通信系统 B情报系统C监视系统 D侦察系统12、“哈姆”导弹打击的主要目标是（ B ）。

A,坦克B、雷达C、机场D、桥梁13.飞机释放的红外诱饵属于（ A ）。

A 雷达对抗B 计算机对抗C 光电对抗D 通信对抗14、海湾战争中美军用来拦截伊拉克飞毛腿导弹的是（ A ）。

A、爱国者B、战斧C、萨姆－2D、和平卫士1５2001年8月31日全国人大常委会决定，每年9月的（ C ）个星期六为全民国防教育日。

A．第一 B．第二 C．第三. D 第四1６邓小平基于对国际形势的分析，认为：（ D ）是当代战争的主要根源。

通信原理复习题一、单项选择题1．数字通信相对于模拟通信具有（ B ）。

A．占用频带小Ｂ．抗干扰能力强C．传输容量大Ｄ．易于频分复用2．以下属于模拟信号是（ A ）。

A．PAM信号Ｂ．PCM信号C．⊿M信号Ｄ．DPCM信号3．以下信号属于模拟信号的是（ B ）。

A．PCM信号B．PAM信号C．⊿M信号D．DPCM信号4．以下属于数字信号是（ D ）。

A．PAM信号Ｂ．PDM信号C．PPM信号Ｄ．PCM信号5．对于M进制的离散消息源消息源，其平均信息量最大时的概率分布为（ A ）。

A．均匀分布B．正态分布C．瑞利分布D．指数分布6．通信系统可分为基带传输和频带传输，以下属于频带传输方式的是（C ）。

A．PAM传输方式B．PCM传输方式C．PSK传输方式D．⊿M传输方式7．通信系统可分为基带传输和频带传输，以下属于基带传输方式的是（ B ）。

A．PSK传输方式B．PCM传输方式 C．QAM传输方式 D．SSB传输方式8．按信号特征通信系统可分为模拟和数字通信系统，以下为数字通信系统的是（ D ）。

A．采用PAM方式的通信系统B．采用SSB方式的通信系统C．采用VSB方式的通信系统//残边带调制D．采用PCM方式的通信系统9．在数字通信系统中，传输速率属于通信系统性能指标中的（ A ）。

A．有效性B．可靠性C．适应性D．标准性10．以下属于码元速率单位的是（ A ）。

A．波特B．比特C．波特/s D．比特/s11．在模拟通信系统中，传输带宽属于通信系统性能指标中的（ B ）。

A．可靠性B．有效性 C．适应性 D．标准性12．产生频率选择性衰落的原因是（ C ）。

A．幅频畸变Ｂ．相频畸变C．多径传播Ｄ．瑞利衰落13．若采用空间分集技术，抗选择性衰落较差合并方式为（A ）。

A．最佳选择方式Ｂ．最大功率合并方式C．最小色散合并方式Ｄ．最大信噪比合并方式14．以下属于恒参信道的是（ D ）。

//P72A．微波对流层散射信道B．超短波电离层散射信道C．短波电离层反射信道D．微波中继信道15．改善恒参信道对信号传输影响的措施是（C ）。

心理健康辅导员复习题（2013A）一、单项选择题（1～40题，每题1分，共40分。

每题只有一个正确答案）1．青少年心理健康的特点不具有以下哪种特性（）。

A.连续性B. 波动性C.稳定性D. 阶段性”2．轻度精神发育迟滞的智商在( )之间。

A.20～34B. 35～49c. 50～69 D. 70～793．说明又叫（），就是辅导员把辅导对象的谈话内容及思想，加以综合整理后，用自己的语言反馈给辅导对象。

A. 解释B. 说明C. 释义D. 概括4．在心理辅导过程中，要根据具体情况进行积极中肯的分析，始终注意培养辅导对象积极进取的精神，帮助他们树立正确的人生观、价值观和世界观，这是心理辅导的基本原则（）。

A. 主体性B. 教育性C. 发展性D. 差异性5．下面不是个体自我概念的功能的一项是（）A. 保持个体内在的一致性B. 决定个体对经验的解释C. 决定个体的期望D. 决定个体的自我评价6．儿童针对特殊目的和指向特殊人的真正的侵犯行为出现在（）岁左右，之后儿童的侵犯行为逐渐减少。

A. １B. ２C. ３D. ４7．会谈时，与辅导对象的空间距离和相对角度也是一种重要的非言语行为，以下理解错误的一项是（）。

A. 双方相距太远会使对方产生冷漠、疏远、孤独的感觉B. 相距太远，又会使对方局促不安C. 双方位置的角度以互成180 º较好D. 直角相对既可以相向又可以侧身8．在社会认知中，对他人或事物外部特征的知觉被称之为（）。

A.认知B.印象C.归因D.判断9. 青少年心理健康个体辅导的工作范围不包括以下哪一项（）。

A.预防青少年一般心理问题的出现。

B.解决青少年的一般心理问题。

C.发现患有严重心理障碍或疾病的青少年，并进行妥善处理。

D.积极稳妥地治疗有严重心理障碍或疾病的青少年。

10. 以下不属于角色扮演方法一项是（）。

A.哑剧表演B. 独白法C. 镜像法D. 脑力激荡法11. （）即辅导员准备剧本，让团体成员进行表演，以活跃团体训练的气氛，或给团体成员提供共同探讨的话题和案例，增加团体成员的投入和参与程度。

2013年度安规复习题一、填空题1.电气设备分高压和低压两种，高压设备对地电压在1000 V及以上者，低压设备对地电压在1000 V以下者。

2. 禁止在装有易燃物品的容器上或在油漆未干的结构或其它物体上进行焊接。

3. 高压设备发生接地时，室内不得接近故障点 4米以内，室外不得接近故障点8 米以内，进入上述范围人员必须穿绝缘靴，接触设备的外壳和架构时，应戴绝缘手套。

4.触电急救首先要使触电者迅速脱离电源，越快越好，因为电流作用时间越长，对人体伤害就越重。

脱离电源就是要把触电者接触的那一部分带电设备所有的开关或其他断路设备断开，或设法将触电者与带电设备脱离。

5. 工作场所的照明，应该保证足够的亮度。

在操作盘、重要表计、主要楼梯、通道、调度室、机房、控制室等地点，还必须设有事故照明。

6.热工保护、联锁条件信号需退出或投入运行时，应严格执行审批制度和投切程序。

7. 与工作无关人员禁止在起重工作区域内行走或停留。

起重机正在吊物时，任何人人不准在吊杆和吊物下停留或行走。

8.氧气瓶应涂成蓝色色，用黒色标明氧气字样，乙炔瓶应涂成白色，并用红色字标明乙炔。

二氧化碳瓶应涂成铝白色，用黒色色标明二氧化碳。

9．降口、大小孔洞、楼梯和平台,必须装设不低于1050毫米高_栏杆__和不低于100毫米的护板。

如在检查期间需将栏杆拆除时，必须装设临时遮栏，并在检修结束时将栏杆立即装回。

10．如需变更工作负责人时，应由原工作票签发人同意并通知工作许可人，工作许可人将变动情况记录在工作票上。

非连续工作的工作负责人允许变更一次。

原、现工作负责人应对工作任务和安全措施进行交接。

11. 凡在离地面（坠落高度基准面） 2 米及以上的地点进行的工作，都应视作高处作业。

12. 电力系统的设备状态一般划分为运行、热备用、冷备用和检修四种状态。

13.所有电气设备的金属外壳均应有良好的接地装置。

14.任何电气设备上的标示牌，除原来放置人员或负责的运行值班人员外，其他任何人员不准移动。

应用统计学复习题（2013级毕业班）一、选择题（每小题2分）1.对一批食品进行质量检验,最适宜采用的调查方式是( )。

A.全面调查B.抽样调查C.街头访问D.问卷调查2. 年收入分组,其分组依次为10万元以下,10万-20万元,20-30万元、30万元以上，则（ ） A.10万元应归入第一组 B.20万元应归入第二组 C.20万元应归入第三组 D.30万元应归入第三组3. 频数分布数列中各组频率之和( )。

A.大于100%B.小于100%C.不等于100%D.等于100%4.若按考试成绩分为60分以下、60~70、70~80、80~90、90~100几组。

请问第一组的组中值近似值为( )。

A.30B.35C.45D.55 5.下列指标属于时期总量的是( )。

A.国内生产总值B.商品库存量C.年末居民储蓄存款余额D.职工人数6.总体的一部分数值与总体全部数值之比是( )。

A.比例相对指标 B.比较相对指标 C.结构相对指标 D.动态相对指标7.平均数反映了一组数据的( )A.集中趋势B.离中趋势C.变动趋势D.分布特征 8.如果一组数据呈现出右偏分布,算术平均数、中位数和众数之间的关系是( )。

A.平均数>中位数>众数 B.中位数>平均数>众数 C.众数)中位数>算术平均数 D.众数>平均数> 中位数9.某公司职工工资水平本年比上年提高了5%,职工人数增加了2%,则工资总额增加了( )。

A.7% B.7.1% C.10% D.11% 10.下列相关系数的取值不正确的是( )。

A. 0B.-0.96C.0.87D.1.0611.回归方程 中的回归系数数值表明:当自变量每增加一个单位时,因变量（ ） A.增加1.5个单位 B.平均增加1.5个单位 C.增加123个单位 D.平均增加123个单位12.某企业“十二五”计划目标是，每年的利润必须保持15%的速度增长。

材料力学复习题1. 思考题1. 两根材料不同的等截面直杆，具有相同的截面面积和长度，承受相同的轴力。

试问：（1）两杆横截面上的应力是否相等？（2）两杆的纵向伸缩量是否相同？2. 什么是应力集中现象？工程上如何避免或减小应力集中的不利影响？生活中有利用应力集中的事例吗？3. 低碳钢拉伸过程中经历了哪四个阶段？三个应力特征值（各种应力“极限”）是什么？4 什么是颈缩现象？延伸率（伸长率）和断面收缩率如何定义？5. 什么样的材料需要定义名义屈服极限σ0.2？它的含义是什么？若已知材料的σ-ε曲线，如何确定σ0.26. 剪切面是否一定是平面？试举例说明。

7. 承压面的计算面积如何确定？承压应力与一般的压应力有何区别？8. 机床拖动的电动机功率不变，当机床转速较高时，产生的转矩较大还是较小？9. 一般减速箱中的低转速轴均比高转速轴的直径粗，试解释其中的原因。

10. 在无荷载作用与均布荷载作用的梁段，剪力图和弯矩图各有何特点？如何利用这些特点绘制剪力图与弯矩图？11. 在集中力、集中力偶作用处，剪力图和弯矩图各有何特点？12. 平面图形对轴的静矩等于零的条件是什么？13. 何谓惯性半径？其量纲是什么？圆形截面对过形心的z轴的惯性半径i z是多少？矩形截面的惯性半径i z和i y各等于多少（y、z为截面的对称轴）？14. 梁发生平面弯曲时，横截面上的正应力是怎样分布的？试画出T形截面上的正应力分布图。

15. 什么是截面的抗弯系数？面积相同的圆截面和正方形截面，其抗弯系数之比等于多少？16. 利用积分法计算梁的位移时，积分常数如何确定？如何根据挠度和转角的正负判断位移方向？最大挠度处横截面转角是否一定为零？17. 减小梁的挠度和转角有哪些措施？18. 一根细长压杆的临界力与作用力（荷载）的大小有关吗？为什么？19. 什么是杆件的长细比，拉、压杆的刚度条件如何表述？20. 应力状态如何分类？能举出简单应力状态的例子吗？21. 试问在何种情况下，平面应力状态的应力圆符合以下特征：（1）一个点圆；（2）圆心在坐标原点；（3）与τ轴相切。

班级___________________ 学号_____________ 姓名________________一、选择题（每题2分，共60分）1、下列不属于老化特征的是：（e）A、渐进性B、普遍性C、累积性D、规律性E、危害性2、发展中国家对老年人年龄划分的标准是：（c）A、55岁B、60岁C、65岁D、70岁E、75岁3、老年护理被确定为一门独立的专业是：（a）A、1961年B、1900年C、1966年D、1975年E、1976年4、下列哪项不是老年肺的特征：（ c ）A、肺呈黑色B、肺泡管扩张C、小气道阻力增大D、肺泡壁弹性纤维减少E、肺气体交换面积减少5、属于心脏老化表现的是：（）A、咳嗽B、头晕C、心率加快D、下肢水肿E、心脏传导阻滞6、脑萎缩最显著的部位为：（）A、蛛网膜B、硬脑膜C、大脑皮质D、神经纤维E、运动神经元7、王太太，93岁，依照WHO关于老年人的年龄界限新的划分标准，王太太为：（）Ａ、中年人Ｂ、青年人Ｃ、年轻老年人Ｄ、老老年人Ｅ、非常老的老年人或长寿老年人8、不属于老年护理人员的角色的是：（）A、教育者B、沟通者C、研究者D、协调者E、替代者9、老年保健最初起源于（）A、美国B、日本C、英国D、中国E、德国10、根据特定的国情和传统文化，我国主要的养老模式应为（）A、居家养老B、老年公寓养老C、养老院养老D、日间护理院养老E、老年医院养老11、以社区为基础提供老年保健是下列哪项老年保健原则的含义（）A、全面性原则B、功能分化原则C、费用分担原则D、区域化原则E、联合国老年政策12、老年人自我保健的具体措施不包括（）A、自我预防B、严重病的自我治疗C、自我观察D、自我护理E、定期体格检查13、老年人自我保健的意义不包括：（）A、是最充分的保健B、有利于老年人健康长寿C、有利于延长老年人生活自理的时间，提高生活质量D、无益于控制医药费用的过快增长E、是实现“人人享有卫生保健”目标的关键14、下列老年人的记忆功能错误的是A、初级记忆保持得良好B、次级记忆减退明显C、老年人意义记忆较差D、机械记忆较差15、导致老年人抑郁的可能原因为A、疾病B、性格改变C、社会原因D、消极的认知E、以上都是16、关于老年人的智力特点下列描述正确的是A、知觉能力随增龄而增加B、远事记忆力及注意力逐渐减退C、词汇理解力随增龄而逐渐减退D、液态智力随增龄而减退较早E、晶态智力随智力而减退较早17、心理健康强调人与环境和谐一致。

2013春现代汉语复习题一、填空题1、语法是语言要素之一，是词、短语、句子等语言单位的结构规律。

语法这个术语有两个含义，一个指____________本身，另一个指语法学。

2、语法体系也有两个含义：一个指____________，另一个指语法学体系。

3、语法具有抽象性、、和民族性。

4、语法单位是指有意义的语言单位。

汉语的语法单位包括语素、、、句子。

5、依据词的语法功能，凡是能够，意义实在，即有词汇意义和语法意义的是实词；不能、只有语法意义的就是虚词。

6、在现代汉语中，语序和虚词是两种最常用的语法手段，如“鸟飞”和“飞鸟”是靠的不同来表达主谓关系和偏正关系，而“看书”和“看的书”是靠的不同来表达动宾关系和偏正关系。

7、名词经常作和宾语，时间名词还经常作语。

8、动词多数可以带“着、了、过”表示。

9、有些动词可以______，表示短促动作的动量小或时量短或尝试。

例如“走走、看看”。

10、动词和形容词的语法特征大同小异，合称为_____________。

11、趋向动词除可以单独作谓语或谓语中心外，还可以用在动词、形容词后作___ 。

12、形容词经常作______和____ __中心，例如：“太阳红-红太阳”13、有些性质形容词可以重叠表示____ _加深，例如“高高”14、代词分为___________、疑问代词、___________等三类。

15、倍数只能用来表示数目的______，不能表示数目的______；分数可以表示数目的_______，也可以表示数目的_______。

16、量词总是位于数词、名词之间，数词与量词组成短语，作定语、状语或补语、宾语等。

例如：“一个人、一把拉住、看一次、看一本”。

17、副词是一类重要的实词，它可以充当句子的成分，有些副词如“很、极”还可以作句子的成分。

18、“没有”是副词又是动词，否定人物或事情的存在是_____词，如“他没有时间”否定动作或性状的存在时是______词，如“他没有来”。

2013中考复习《电路》一、单选题（每题3分，共36分）1、如图所示电路中，当开关S 1、S 2都闭合时，下列说法正确的是 （ ）A ．只有L 1发光B ．只有L 2发光C ．L 1 、L 2都发光D ．L 1 、L 2都不发光2、如图四个电路图中，与下面实物图对应的是（ ）3、如图所示的电路 ，下列分析正确的是 （ ） A ．若S 1、S 2、S 3都闭合时，则L 1 、L 2并联B ．若S 1、S 2、S 3都闭合时，则L 1 、L 2串联C ．S 3断开、S 1、S 2闭合，L 1 、L 2并联D ．S 1闭合、S 2、S 3断开，L 1 、L 2串联4、如图所示的四个电路中，开关能使L 1 、L 2两盏灯同时发光和熄灭的是（ ）5、下列是小丽关于家庭电路和安全用电的一些说法，其中有错误的是 （ ）A ．安全用电的原则是不接触低压带电体，不靠近高压带电体B ．只有不高于220 V 的电压才是安全的C ．家庭电路中电流过大的原因有两个，一是可能发生了短路， 二是用电器的总功率过大D ．当电路中的电流过大时，保险丝和空气开关都能起到断开电路的作用6、关于物体的导电性能，下列说法中正确的是 （ ）A 、导体和绝缘体都容易导电B 、大地、人体、油都是导体C 、橡胶、塑料、碳都是绝缘体D 、导体和绝缘体之间没有绝对的界限A D C B7、图中，若L2的灯丝断了，而电路其他部分完好，则开关S闭合后（）A．L1发光，L2不发光B．L1不发光，L2发光C．L1和L2都发光D．L1和L2都不发光8、在下图中，两灯泡组成并联的电路的电路图是（）A B C D9、洗衣机、电冰箱等家用电器都使用三孔插座，是因为如果不接地( )A、家用电器不能工作B、家用电器的寿命会缩短C、人接触家用电器时可能发生触电事故D、家用电器消耗电能会增加10 、居民楼的楼道里，夜间只是偶尔有人经过，电灯总是亮着造成很大浪费。

科研人员利用“光敏”材料制成“光控开关”——天黑时，自动闭合，天亮时，自动断开；利用“声敏”材料制成“声控开关”——当有人走动发出声音时，自动闭合，无人走动时自动断开。

2013统考复习题Blank Filling第二册Unit 11.You may well be intelligent, but you are completelyimpractical.2.This book attempts to define the position of the nationalgovernment in local affairs.3.In case of emergency, the phone number for the police is9-1-1.4.After John left his wife for a younger woman, his friends allgave him the cold shoulder.5.What peculiar pleasure it is to wander all over thecountryside.6.This dishwasher is now out of stock, but it’s on order.7.The boundaries of human knowledge are being pushedfurther out.8. A bunch of boys were playing outside the window. Theymade so much noise that the old lady could hardly put up with it.9.If you happen to see him, please let me know as soon aspossible.10.The woman set fire to his neighbor’s house as she wasjealous of his wealth.Unit Two1.I tried to comfort Mary after her husband died.2.These workers have to be on their feet all day, going fromone machine to the other.3.Because of the long drought, our corn crop failed.4.Thousands of people have been compelled to flee thecountry in makeshift boats.5.The bridge trembled as the train went over it.6. A bathroom is attached to his bedroom.7.It is the part of Shanghai in which the commercial andfinancial interests are chiefly centered.8.The football game is canceled due to unavoidablecircumstances.9.It was not long before the enemy encircled our camp.10.A landslide trapped the travelers inside the cave.Unit Three1.His inability to learn foreign language is an obstacle to hiscareer.2.Only one person can do the job, namely you.3.Mother completely dominates her family and makes all thedecisions.4.Ancient Greece is the origin of the Western Civilization.5.The jury concluded from the evidence that Annie was guilty.6.The baby can’t even walk, let alone run.7.First of all, let me say how happy I am to be here.8.David might well have passed the exam if he had workedharder.9.As we know, primitive people often lived in caves.10.My classmate has been searching for work for a wholeweek.Unit Four1．In China, traffic police are not armed. They don’t carry guns.2.Are tickets for Saturday’s concert available ?3.All the teachers and students were informed of the party.4.There are various celebrations during the Chinese New Year.5.He couldn’t help weeping when he talked about the miseryhe suffered in childhood.6.Parents sometimes turn a blind eye to their children’s rudebehavior.7.The students disliked the activities their teacher hadsuggested. They had other ideas.8.That winter, millions of volunteers crossed the border tohelp the neighboring country.9.The patient was asked to keep a record of what he ate everyday.10.Social security isn’t good in cities where there are a lot ofdrug users.Unit Five1. Nancy is not getting along well with her workmates. She often makes others unhappy with a line of questioning .2. Now that I have introduced you to the subject, let's discuss it _in detail.3. The cooperation between the teacher and the students is very important to language learning.4. He has read the Bible, but he has never talked about his religious views.5. When the desire to win _got the upper hand, the runner kept training despite his former injuries.6. In the space marked "occupation " he wrote "police officer".7. Everyone laughed at him when he talked about his ambition. So he was offended and accordingly refused to attend the meeting.8. The company has been going through considerable changes for the past three years.9. The novel revealed/reveals his early years as a poor student in England.10. His impolite manners wore out his welcome at the party. No one wanted to talk with him.Unit Six1. Traditionally, women in the West are married in long white dresses.2. People from different backgrounds may have different opinions.3. The lawyer claimed the young man was not guilty.4. The president promised to make a thorough investigation to the problem.5. After graduation, he had no difficulty finding employment.6. Have you read his article on contemporary English usage?7. The washing machine I bought yesterday doesn't function so well.8. The leader of the black community said they wouldn't stand any racial discrimination.9. Lawyers and doctors have great status in most countries.10. These good conditions have guaranteed a prosperous future for the market.Unit Seven1. The rent of the house is reasonable, and moreover, its location is perfect.2. They worked very hard striving for a breakthrough in a cancer research.3. This advertising campaign has contributed significantly to the success of the new car.4. When you are older I think you're better equipped mentally to cope with whatever happens.5. Such behavior may result in the manager being asked to leave.6. If you bargain with them they might reduce the price.7. The house was set in the attractive countryside near Oxford.8. Ultimately, of course, he'd like to have his own business but that won't be for some time.9. Professor Smith has applied himself to this task with considerable energy.10. The company has published its annual reports to inform the public about its previous year's activities.Unit Eight1. The council planned to build 100 houses this year but they have fallen short of their target.2. As was expected, excessive drinking and smoking caught up with him.3. I flunked my second year exams and was fortunately not to be thrown out of college.4. There is some time before the train leaves. I think we shall make it if we hurry.5. When the new manager took over the store, he made it more efficient.6. Jane decided to enroll in the history course at the local evening school.7. Lawyers urged the parents to take further legal action if necessary.8. John went through a big upset after his father's death last year.9. If you continue driving like that, sooner or later you'll have an accident.10. Anything to do with old myths and legends fascinates me.Unit Nine1. Despite modern farming methods, food production is still dependent on weather to a great degree.2. The villagers can no longer live with the noise from the highway, because it has threatened their normal life in the village.3. The new land was quickly populated by the new settlers from abroad. Now the population has reached 1,000,000.4. Mike was very tired, but he returned to his desk, because homework was _piling up.5. The car suddenly slid into the ditch (沟) and couldn’t t run.6. The manager believed that he had benefited by/from the new way of doing business.7. My wife agreed to come over as soon as I settled down.8. The farmers in this village raised herds of cattle and horses, which was the main business of their lives.9. Miss Smith is leaving to get married and Miss Green will take over the class.10. Mr. White has taken over too much work. We should urge him not to overwork himself.Unit Ten1. It becomes increasingly apparent that the company is facing financial difficulty.2. The writing competition was better organized than the students had expected.3. Last summer Frank visited many historic battlefields in Britain to prepare for his term paper.4. The doctor used artificial respiration (人工呼吸) to bring the swimmer back to life.5. Be sure not to disturb Mr. Green, who is preparing for tomorrow's speech, unless you have got very urgent thing.6. It was his father’s courage that inspired in Henry the determination to overcome all the difficulties.7. The last item on the program was an excellent fashion display_8. The basic aim of the research project is the conquest of cancer.9. We all know the location of the factory is close to the post office.10. The local government has made great efforts to bring about a peaceful solution to the argument between the workers andmanagement.第三册Unit 11.All rooms are cleaned on a daily basis.2.New laws have rendered this kind of assistance virtuallyimpossible.3.Some of the staff are apt to arrive on Mondays.4.She decided to pursue her studies after obtaining her firstdegree.5.He thanked us again with a humble smile.6.You can go out to play as long as you stay in the backyard.7.I was worried on my own account, not yours.8.She was endowed with both looks and brains.9.The conditions are now favorable for economic recovery.10.There was no news; nevertheless we went on hoping..Unit 21.She talked to me with a(n)intimacy _____that was not therebefore.2.Their happiness was to be sadly transient______.3.The light was too dim for me to identify the criminal.4.I’m as good as a cook as she is, except when it comes topastry.5.He was given a five-year contract with an annual salary of$150,000.6.Most of his colleagues have been indebted to him for hisassistance.7.He misunderstands certain aspects of our plan; I’d like tostraighten him out.8.You’ll probably notice her h aving difficulty swallowing. Ifthis is the case, give her plenty of liquids.9.All the judges ranked Alice as the best in the singing contest.10.He is very much a selfish man and confides in no one. Multiple-Choice第二册Unit one1.This book is more interesting than _D that you have justread.A. thisB. theseC. one *D. the ones1.You will be dismissed _A___ you will never be late again.*A. Unless B. until C. when D. after2.The board of management ______seven persons.A. Consists *B. comprisesC. makes upD. composes3.The boy is lonely; he could be happier if he had someone______he could play.A. who *B. with whomC. whomD. that4.This song ______memories of my childhood in thecountryside.A. calls forB. turns off *C. calls upD. turns up5.My grandfather’s ideas are always ______. He is too old tokeep up with the times.A. in styleB. in time *C. out of styleD.out of the question6.It’s surpris ing that John and his twin brother have nothing______.*A. In common B. in turn C. in short D. in the end7.If something unexpected ______at the office, I will be homelate.A. risesB. comes *C. arisesD. goes8.It is ______to r ain. We’d better take our umbrellas with us.*A. Likely B. possible C. like D. unlike 9.The village is ______far from the highway that we feel apartfrom the world when we are there.A. suchB. too *C. soD. enough Unit Two1.When the results of the vote were announced the PrimeMinister ______defeat.*A. acknowledged B. told C. reported D. found 1.The passengers on the plane ______their seat belts when ittook off.A. lockedB. closed *C. securedD. buttoned2.It was only when Simon finally _____to sleep that theheadaches eased*A. drifted off B. took off C. picked up D. gave up3.Someone was heard _____the stairs.A. come up *B. to come upC. went upD. goes up4.When Grandma turned 85, her eyes began to _________.A. breakB. loseC. defeat *D. fail5.The people who lived near the river had to _____the theflooding waters.A. escapeB. run *C. fleeD. struggle6.I am busy at the moment. You can put the book ______youlike.A. whicheverB. whenever *C. whereverD. whatever7.I wonder if there is anything ______for you.*A. I can do B. which I can doC. that can I doD. which can I do8.Don’t be too nervous. Dr. Smith will ______your health.A. look afterB. worry about *C. check onD. make sure9.It seems that the picture is not hanging _____it should on thewall.A. when *B. whereC. thatD. whileUnit Three1.It is an _____fact that Mr. Johnson has gone bankrupt.A. abstract *B. absoluteC. advancedD. aggressive2.Our manager is always out. The vice manager is the_____head of the business.*A. virtual B. virus C. virtuousD. visible3. A warm welcome _______all our customers on their arrival.*A. as B. waits C. awaits forD. waits on4.I bet the weather _______get better tomorrow.A. is real toB. is sure toC. is certain *D. is bound to5.This research result will not stand if we do not _____there isno force of friction.A. assistB. assign *C. assumeD. assert6.This new country didn’t come into ______until the year1918.A. exhibitionB. exceptionC. exchange *D. existence7.We may ______a lot of opposition to the work scheme.*A. come up against B. come up withC. live up withD. get away with8.She is the person who can be _____whenever needed.*A. depended on B. B. deposited on C.focused on D. landed on9.100 people died and only 5 people ____ this earthquake.A. were survived fromB. survived from*C. survived D. were survived10.The famous scenery spot attracts 2,000 visitors per day____.A. in averageB. below average*C. on an average D. in an average .Unit Four.1.The whole family looked everywhere in the village __C___the lost child.A. afterB. atC. forD. into2. It was reported that five drivers were __B____ with drunk driving.A. accusedB. chargedC. blamedD. responsible3. The passengers were accused __A____ not offering help when the accident took place.A. ofB. withC. forD. to4. I don’t like those TV programs __D___ have stars as clowns (小丑).A. whereB. whoC. whenD. which5. The new government tried hard to __A___ the criminal group.A. break upB. break offC. break throughD. break out6. The villagers were grateful __B___ what the medical team had done for them.A. ofB. forC. withD. at7. If you __A___ the law, you must expect to be punished.A. breakB. cutC. failD. waste8. The students interested in playing football are closely __B___ to each other.A. linedB. linkedC. combinedD. gathered9. We have been making __C___ to save enough money to opena shop.A. tryB. effectC. attemptD. afford10. The thief was __D___ by the angry crowd yesterday evening.A. put upB. broken upC. kept upD. beaten upUnit Five1. It is essential to know C you can talk about with different people.A. howB. ifC. whatD. whether2. A computer talent C a person who is extremely good atcomputer science.A. points toB. leads toC. refers toD. takes to3. There is only five minutes left . Have you found out theanswers B all of the questions?A. ofB. toC. aboutD. with4. What an interesting party it is! It is worth B !A. being rememberedB. rememberingC. to be rememberedD. remembered5. We began to trust each other after we D a verydifficult time together.A. went byB. went underC. went upD. went through6. If I have time this summer, I’d like to B some of theless well-known parts of the country.A. expressB. exploreC. expandD. explain7. Only when he thinks he is mature, A think aboutdating.A. will heB. he willC. won’t heD. he won’t8. How can you ask such a question as “How much do youearn?” B my father?A. toB. ofC. fromD. with9. The manager said Linda could work in his company, but hisoffer was C .A. brought backB. taken awayC. turned downD. worn out10. The nurse in the hospital should be D to a patient’sneeds.A. carefulB. kindC. sensibleD. sensitiveUnit Six1. The books are sold out. We will inform you when they become __B___ .A. helpfulB. availableC. avoidableD. useful2. Success and wealth can not be __A__ with each other.A. identifiedB. idealizedC. intendedD. identical3. The __C__ of sunny days to rainy days last month was five to one.A. rateB. percentC. proportionD. frequency4. Never buying any expensive things, my mother is very __A__ with her money.A. economicalB. economicC. economicsD. economy5. Surprisingly, she showed much __D__ to this stranger while other villagersliked him very much.A. friendlinessB. affectionC. favorD. hostility6. __B__ to the names on the list, there are six other applicants to our college.A. In replyB. In additionC. In a rageD. In contrast7. Tom is __C__ his studies at Oxford University.A. pushingB. punchingC. pursuingD. puzzling8. Being a great mother, Mrs. Johnson made a lot of __B__ for her children.A. foodB. sacrificesC. safetyD. concerns9. It was __D__ of Jerry to arrive late for work.A. seldomB. oftenC. neverD. typical 10. The most difficult thing for these football players is to __C_ the hot weather of the country.A. agreeB. adhere toC. adjust toD. adoptUnit Seven1. The world market is __A changing. We must anticipate (期待) the changes and make timely adjustments.A. constantlyB. steadilyC. regularlyD. hardly2. The self-important manager didn't seem to C my advice.A. apply himself toB. judge fromC. attach importance toD. give rise to3. These books are both interesting and instructive. No wonder they D to the reading public.A. applyB. acceptC. attractD. appeal4. Most public places are simply not B to the needs of people with disabilities.A. grantedB. gearedC. greetedD. given5. Tom is an A arrogant man that he can hardly get on well with his colleagues.A. immenselyB. immediatelyC. importantlyD. impatiently6. His father was never able to relax B he took up fishing.A. ifB. untilC. whenD. after7. A new dictionary must be very good if it is to compete Cthe many already in the market.A. overB. ofC. withD. for8. Sure, I'll eat D you decide to order.A. thatB. whichC. howeverD. whatever9. The decision was taken for political B military reasons.A. better thanB. rather thanC. more thanD. other than10. Seldom A the chance to go to the cinema as we have a baby.A. do we getB. we do getC. we getD. get weUnit Eight1. Mrs. Brown, who has recently been __A__ general manager of our company, is one of the most capable women I have ever worked with.A. appointedB. arrangedC. appliedD. agreed2. We were _C__ to see how skillfully the old craftsman worked.A. frightenedB. frustratedC. fascinatedD. forgotten3. You can go swimming __D__ that you don't go too far from the river bank.A. out of conditionB. in conditionC. of conditionD. on condition4. I __D__ you all to take the time to read at least three novels on the list.A. courageB. emergeC. damageD. urge5. Who do you think will __B__ now that the governor has been dismissed?A. take upB. take overC. take inD. take off6. Susan hasn't managed to __C__ a job for more than a few weeks.A. hold offB. hold upC. hold downD. hold back7. Once a child can crawl, he won't __A__ for long.A. stay putB. stay outC. put upD. put out8. After __D__ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A. interviewedB. interviewingC. having interviewedD. being interviewed9. __B _ enough manpower and financial support, the goal can certainly be attained.A. GivingB. GivenC. To giveD. Give10. These surveys indicate that many crimes go __A__ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them.A. unrecordedB. unrecordingC. to be unrecordedD. to have been unrecordedUnit Nine1. The successful investment in the stock market __A__ John's personal fortune.A. added toB. took turnsC. settled downD. referred to2. To his parents' delight, Tom has adapted himself to the life onthe campus and is making __B__ progress in his study.A. slowB. steadyC. manyD. few3. The line of mountains ___D___ all the way from Chile to Canada.A. populatesB. treatsC. addsD. stretches4. Mother asked John to take more money with him becauseshe knew there was __A__ charge for express trains during the Christmas season.A. extraB. extremeC. extentD. excited5. It has been snowing for a whole day and snow __D__ thick on the ground now.A. lyingB. liedC. layD. lies6. __B__ one of his former classmate's influence, Sam obtaineda good appointment in the company.A. ForB. ThroughC. FromD. Within7. The audience stood around Professor Green, __A__ him all kinds of questions.A .asking B. asked C. to askingD. had asked8. __C__ everything ready in time is a big challenge to the students.A. GetB. GetsC. GettingD. That getting9. My mother felt ill this morning and left the lunch _ A__.A. unfinishedB. finishingC. to finishD. tobe unfinished10. The little boy was __C__ naughty that he broke his neighbor' s window.A. suchB. veryC. soD. tooUnit Ten1. Henry came across one of his __B__ classmates, Tom, who is now a world-famous writer.A. formalB. formerC. civilD. prior2. Sentences today __A__ from 5 or 6 words to 70, with the majority not far from 20.A. rangeB. organizeC. inspireD. bring3. There is great excitement across the country during theholiday, __D__ the newspapers have reported.A. whenB. thatC. ifD. as4. We all know that Prof. Green likes tea __C__ Prof. Whitelikes coffee.A. whenB. whichC. whileD. what5. My mother was pleased with __A__ my brother had accepted her criticism.A. the wayB. a way whichC. the way in thatD. the way at which6. The new manager __B__ an important role in the good running of the company.A. makesB. playsC. takesD. puts7. __D__ is possible for them to be late for the meeting becauseit is rush hours now.A. ThatB. WhatC. ThisD. It8. They are expected _ A_ late if necessary.A. to workB. workingC. to be workingD. work9. The __B__ in the company who have worked with the company for ten years have a fifteen-day holiday every year.A. residentsB. personnelC. knightsD. invaders10. The noble example set by the famous scientist __B__ us to make greater efforts despite all the difficulties.A. re-createdB. inspiredC. reenactedD. disturbed第三册Unit One1.The causes of the war ______the greed and incompetence ofpoliticians on both sides.A. lie withB. lie inC. bring upD. rest on2. They ____ every weekend at their cottage in the country.A. visitB. passC. expendD. spend3. By substituting the pressure of steam for atmospheric pressure Watt ____ the basis of nineteenth century industry.A. createdB. madeC. inventedD. produced4. I can’t_____ why he turned that job down.A. supposeB. denyC. considerD. imagine5. He gave his listeners a vivid_____ of his journey through Peru.A. accountB. talkC. taleD. impression6. Susan is studying algebra and geometry, and _____she’s taking microcomputerlessons.A. in a momentB. in briefC. in additionD. in conclusion7. Weather satellites and communication satellites have one feature_____. They areunmanned.A. in commonB. in detailC. in bulkD. in general8. He was last seen in public on the _____of his daughter’s wedding.A. chanceB. affairC. eventD. occasion9. He doesn’t work but he gets a good _____f rom his investment.A. wageB. earningC. incomeD. salary10. People who work in the country are often attracted by _____ seem to them theadvantage of living in a city.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whichever Unit Two10.He _____that poor dog ---he never takes him for walks orgives him any attention.A. neglectsB. refusesC. denies D overlooks2. Don’t ask me; follow your _____and do what you think is right.A. attentionB. instinctC. intentionD. inspiration3. As Shakespeare_____ it, “Our praises are our wages. “A. toldB. saidC. putD. spoke4. There was only one man in the village _____of lending him the 3000 pounds.A. desirableB. ableC. unableD. capable5. Words play a tremendous _____in your every day life.A. rockB. rollC. cellD. role6. Since 1978,the amount of money _____to buy books has fallen by 17%.A. approachableB. availableC. attainableD. applicable7. Despite all the policem en’s questions, the suspect _____that he had been at homeall evening.A. assuredB. confirmedC. affirmedD. assumed8. An ounce of prevention is _____ a pound of cure.A. worthB. worthwhileC. worthyD. worth while9. Althou gh he has a rough time _____, he isn’t discouraged.A. to communicateB. communicatingC. communicateD. communicated10. _____Bill worked on the arithmetic problem, _____confused he became.A. The more…the moreB. More … moreC. The more…moreD. More…more。

2013级《解剖》复习题一、名词解释1、胸骨角：胸骨柄和体连结处微向前凸，称胸骨角。

2、椎间盘：位于相邻两个椎体间，由两部分构成，周围部的纤维环和中央部为胶体物质，称髓核构成。

3、精索：为一对质地柔软的圆索状器官，位于睾丸上端和腹股沟管腹环之间。

它由输精管、睾丸动脉、蔓状静脉丛、淋巴管、神经和鞘韧带组成。

4、齿状线：连接各肛柱下端与各肛瓣边缘的锯齿状环行线，称齿状线或肛皮线。

5、三尖瓣复合体：右房室口纤维环、三尖瓣、腱索和乳头肌合称三尖瓣复合体，其作用是防止血液逆流。

6、肋膈隐窝：以肋胸膜和膈胸膜转折处形成的肋膈隐窝最大、位置最深，呈半环状，深吸气也不能完全被肺所充满。

7、神经核：形态和功能相似的神经元胞体集聚成一团，在中枢神经系统内（皮质以外），称神经核。

8、鼻旁窦：又称鼻窦，有骨性鼻窦衬覆黏膜而成，共4对，即上颌窦、额窦、蝶窦、和筛窦。

9、小网膜：系自肝门向下移行至胃小弯和十二指肠上部的双层腹膜结构。

10、听骨链：听小骨由外向内依次为锤骨、砧骨、镫骨。

锤骨柄和骨膜相连，镫骨底封闭前庭窗，砧骨介于二者之间。

三块听小骨相互连结成听骨链。

11、咽鼓管：是连接鼻咽与鼓室的通道。

其内面衬有黏膜并与鼻咽部黏膜和鼓室黏膜相延续。

咽鼓管口处于闭合状态，当吞咽、哈欠或尽力张口时开放，以保持鼓膜内外面的压力平衡。

12、肾窦：肾门向肾内凹陷形成一个较大的空腔，称肾窦。

13、十二指肠悬韧带：114十二指肠悬肌和包绕其下段表面的腹膜皱襞共同构成十二指肠悬韧带，又称Treitz韧带。

14、膀胱三角：在膀胱底内面，两输尿管口与尿道内口之间的三角形区域，称膀胱三角。

15、螺旋器：蜗管基底膜上有螺旋器，为听觉感受器，有支持细胞和毛细胞组成。

16、壶腹嵴；位于骨半规管内，在骨壶腹内相应的膨大即膜壶腹，其壁上的隆起称壶腹嵴，与壶腹的长轴相垂直。

17、内囊：位于背侧丘脑、尾状核和豆状核间的宽厚白质板。

18、硬膜窦：行于两层硬脑膜之间，窦壁无平滑肌，无瓣膜，窦腔常处于开放状态，利于颅内血液回流，但外伤时出血难止（见脑的内膜）。

一、填空1一台并励直流电动机拖动恒定的负载转矩，额定运行时，如果将电源电压降低10℅，则稳定后电机的电流约为 1.11 倍的额定电流（假设磁路不饱和）。

2. 直流发电机电磁转矩的方向和电枢旋转方向 相反 ，直流电动机电磁转矩的方向和电枢旋转方向 相同 。

3. 为使电压波形不发生畸变，三相变压器应使一侧绕组 采用三角形连接 。

4. 一台额定频率为60HZ的电力变压器接于频率为50HZ，电压为此变压器5/6倍额定电压的电网上运行，此时变压器磁路饱和程度 不变 ，励磁电抗 减小。

5. 一台三相八极感应电动机的（电网频率），空载运行时转速为735转/分，此时转差率为 0.02 ，转子电势的频率为 1HZ 。

6．要使三相感应电动机起动转矩达到最大，此时= 1 。

7. 三相对称绕组通过三相对称电流，顺时针相序（a-b-c-a）,其中ia＝10Sinwt（A），当Ia=10A时，三相基波合成磁势的幅值应位于 A相绕组轴线处 .8. 同步发电机不对称运行时其阻尼绕组的作用是 削弱负序磁场的作用 。

9．同步发电机在过励时向电网输出 滞后的 无功功率。

10. 凸极同步电机转子励磁匝数增加使和将 增大 。

11．一台并励直流电动机拖动恒定的负载转矩，额定运行时，如果将电源电压降低20℅，则稳定后电机的电流为 1.25 倍的额定电流（假设磁路不饱和）。

12. 直流电动机电刷放置的原则是： 空载时正、负电刷之间获得最大的电动势，这时被电刷短路的元件的电动势为零 。

13.变压器带负载运行时，若负载增大，其铁损耗将 不变 ，铜损耗将 增加 （忽略漏阻抗压降的影响）。

14.三相对称系统中三相绕组产生的5次谐波合成磁势转速为基波 1/5，其转向与基波 相反 。

5. 变压器铁心导磁性能越好，其励磁电抗 越大 。

16.选择交流绕组节距时，主要考虑同时削弱5次和7次谐波电动势，通常采用y1=。

17.同步电机参数X″q称为 交轴超瞬变电抗 。

断层解剖学复习题第一章头部一、选择题1、扣带回峡A、位于胼胝体嘴的前方B、位于胼胝体膝的前方C、位于中央旁小叶的下方D、位于距状沟的前方E、位于海马沟的前方2. 侧脑室前角腹外侧壁为A、胼胝体B、尾状核头C、透明隔D、额上回E、扣带回3. 位于顶枕沟与距状沟之间的是：A . 楔叶. B.楔前叶. C.颞叶. D.额叶. E.岛叶.4. 海马旁回A、位于枕叶B、位于额叶C、位于颞叶D、位于岛叶E、位于顶叶5、海马位于A、侧脑室下角B、侧脑室前角C、侧脑室后角D、第三脑室E、侧脑室三角区6、海马旁回A、位于枕叶B、位于额叶C、位于颞叶D、位于岛叶E、位于顶叶7、第五脑室A、又称穹窿室B、位于穹窿连合与胼胝体之间C、位于两侧透明隔之间D、下界为穹窿柱E、该脑室囊肿不会引起颅压增高8、鞍上池包括A、交叉池、脚间池和桥池B、交叉池、脚间池和终板池C、交叉池、终板池和桥池D、脚间池、终板池和桥池E、以上都不是9. 动眼神经位于A、桥池中B、脑桥小脑三角池中C、四叠体池中D、脚间池中E、交叉池中10、被称作枕大池的是A、大脑大静脉池B、小脑延髓池C、桥池D、鞍上池E、四叠体池11、面神经存在于A、脑桥小脑三角池中B、脚间池中C、小脑延髓池中D、桥池中E、环池中12、经中央旁小叶的横断层面上不应该出现的是A、楔前叶B、顶下小叶C、胼胝体D、额内侧回E、中央后回13、经胼胝体压部的横断层面上多出现A、半卵圆中心B、内囊C、楔前叶D、小脑半球E、下丘14、经半卵圆中心的横断层面上不应该出现的是A、楔叶B、楔前叶C、缘上回D、外侧沟E、顶枕沟15、经内囊的横断层面上不应该出现A、尾状核B、豆状核C、屏状核D、杏仁体E、背侧丘脑16、鞍上池的横断层面上不出现A、交叉池B、大脑纵裂池C、小脑上池D、环池E、大脑外侧窝池17、第四脑室的横断层面上不出现A、中脑B、脑桥C、延髓D、小脑半球E、小脑蚓18、正中矢状断面上的脑沟不出现A、顶枕沟B、中央沟C、距状沟D、扣带沟E、胼胝体沟19、冠状断面上的胼胝体最先出现A、胼胝体嘴B、胼胝体膝C、胼胝体干D、胼胝体压部E、体部20、经胼胝体膝的冠状层面上常不出现A、侧脑室前角B、尾状核头C、中央前回D、外侧沟E、岛叶21、冠状层面上侧脑室后角内侧壁上的隆起是A、侧副隆起B、侧副三角C、钩D、海马E、禽距22、颈内动脉发出A、大脑后动脉B、大脑中动脉C、脑桥动脉D、小脑上动脉E、小脑下前动脉23、大脑基底核不包括：A.. 屏状核B.尾状核C.豆状核D. 乳头体E.杏仁体24、不属于大脑中动脉的皮质支的是A、顶后动脉B、角回动脉C、中央沟动脉D、中央前沟动脉E、旁中央动脉25、豆状核与背侧丘脑之间的白质区是A、内囊前肢B、内囊膝C、内囊后肢D、外囊E、最外囊26、眼动脉自颈内动脉多见发出处是A、岩骨段B、海绵窦段C、膝段D、床突上段E、终段27、在大脑外侧沟内可见A、大脑中动脉B、大脑前动脉C、大脑后动脉D、后交通动脉E、椎动脉28、在侧脑室以上横断面不能看到A、额中回B、顶上小叶C、额下回D、豆状核E、楔前叶29、经垂体的冠状层面上常不出现A、视交叉B、颈内动脉C、蝶窦D、海绵窦E、Meckel腔30、经垂体的横断层面上不应该出现A、颈内动脉B、鞍背C、海绵窦D、脑桥E、Meckel腔二、名词1、断层解剖学2、断层3、Reid基线4、岛盖5、侧脑室三角区6、第五脑室7、第六脑室8、鞍上池9、腮腺床10、虹吸部11、大脑动脉环12、Meckel腔三、填空题1. 内囊在横断面上自前向后分为________、_______ 和_______三部分。