蜂鸣器产品选型表

下面是电磁式蜂鸣器的外形图片及结构图。

程序中改变单片机P3.7引脚输出波形的频率，就可以调整控制蜂鸣器音调，产生各种不同音色、音调的声音。

另外，改变P3.7输出电平的高低电平占空比，则可以控制蜂鸣器的声音大小，这些我们都可以通过编程实验来验证。

二、蜂鸣器列子下面我们举几个简单的单片机驱动蜂鸣器的编程和电路设计的列子。

1、简单的蜂鸣器实验程序：本程序通过在P3.7输出一个音频范围的方波，驱动实验板上的蜂鸣器发出蜂鸣声，其中DELAY延时子程序的作用是使输出的方波频率在人耳朵听觉能力之内的20KHZ以下，如果没有这个延时程序的话，输出的频率将大大超出人耳朵的听觉能力，我们将不能听到声音。

更改延时常数，可以改变输出频率，也就可以调整蜂鸣器的音调。

大家可以在实验中更改#228为其他值，听听蜂鸣器音调的改变。

ORG 0000HAJMP MAIN ;跳转到主程序ORG 0030HMAIN: CPL P3.7 ;蜂鸣器驱动电平取反LCALL DELAY ;延时AJMP MAIN ;反复循环DELAY:MOV R7,#228 ;延时子程序，更改该延时常数可以改变蜂鸣器发出的音调DE1: DJNZ R7,DE1RETEND2、倒车警示音实验程序：我们知道各种卡车、货柜车在倒车时候，会发出倒车的蜂鸣警示提示音，同时警示黄灯也同步闪烁，提醒后面的人或车辆注意。

本实验例程就实现倒车警示功能，通过实验板上的蜂鸣器发出警示音，同时通过实验板上P1.2和P1.5上的两个黄色发光二极管来发出黄色警示灯。

ORG 0000HAJMP START ;跳转到初始化程序ORG 0033HSTART:MOV SP,#60H ;SP初始化MOV P3,#0FFH ;端口初始化MAIN: ACALL SOUND ;蜂鸣器发声ACALL YS500M ;延时AJMP MAINSOUND:MOV P1,#11011011B ;点亮2个警示黄色发光二极管MOV R2,#200 ;响200个周期SND1: CLR P3.7 ;输出低电平T1导通,蜂鸣器响ACALL YS1ms ;延时SETB P3.7 ;输出高电平T1截止，蜂鸣器不响ACALL YS1ms ;延时DJNZ R2,SND1MOV P1,#0FFH ;熄灭黄色警示灯RETYS1ms: ;1ms延时子程序MOV R0,#2YL1: MOV R1,#250 ;改变R0的数值可改变声音频率DJNZ R1,$DJNZ R0,YL1RETYS500M: ;500ms延时子程序MOV R0,#6YL2: MOV R1,#200YL3: MOV R2,#250DJNZ R2,$DJNZ R1,YL3DJNZ R0,YL2RETEND3、“叮咚”电子门铃实验程序：常见的家用电子门铃在有客人来访时候，如果按压门铃按钮时，室内会发出“叮咚”声音，本实验程序模拟电子门铃的发音，当我们按压实验板上的K 1按钮时候，蜂鸣器发出“叮咚”音乐声，是一个比较实用的程序。

目录目录 (1)PCP产品选型 (2)第一章国产D2系列接触器型号说明 (3)第二章进口Tesys D系列接触器型号说明 (4)第三章进口Tesys F系列接触器型号说明 (5)第四章国产电容接触器系列接触器型号说明 (6)第五章国产LR2系列热继电器型号说明 (7)第六章进口LR9系列热继电器型号说明 (7)第七章进口LRD系列热继电器型号说明 (8)第八章热继电器和电子过流继电器的区别： (8)第九章 GV型号说明 (9)第十章 CA2系列继电器型号说明 (9)第十一章 CA*-KN 系列继电器型号说明 (10)第十二章 CAD系列继电器型号说明 (11)第十三章 XB6-E系列按钮/指示灯的选型 (12)第十四章 XVM系列组合信号指示灯（45mm型）的选型 (13)第十五章 XVB系列组合信号指示灯（70mm型）的选型 (14)第十六章标准K1/K2凸轮开关选型 (15)第十七章定制K1/K2凸轮开关选型 (16)第十八章继电器本体 (16)第十九章 XB2系列普通弹簧复位按钮 (17)第二十章 XB2系列带灯按钮 (17)第二十一章 XB2系列锁扣式急停按钮 (18)第二十二章 XB2系列指示灯 (19)第二十三章 XB2系列选择开关 (20)第二十四章 XB4系列普通弹簧复位按钮-螺钉夹紧接线 (20)第二十五章 XB4系列选择开关 (21)第二十六章 XB4系列钥匙开关 (21)第二十七章 XB4系列指示灯 (22)第二十八章 XB4系列带灯按钮 (22)第二十九章 XB4系列带LED灯的旋钮开关 (23)PCP产品选型第一章国产D2系列接触器型号说明第四章国产电容接触器系列接触器型号说明第六章进口LR9系列热继电器型号说明第八章热继电器和电子过流继电器的区别：第九章GV型号说明第十章CA2系列继电器型号说明第十一章CA*-KN 系列继电器型号说明第十二章CAD系列继电器型号说明第十三章XB6-E系列按钮/指示灯的选型1、XB6系列按钮及指示灯选型（经济型）选型提示型号说明型号组成XB6- E * * * * * C 开孔尺寸 16mm材料工程塑料A：圆形按钮外形C：方形D：长方形A：弹簧复位按钮D：选择开关G：钥匙开关产品类别F：自锁带灯按钮W：自复位带灯按钮V：指示灯1白色2黑色3绿色颜色4红色5黄色6蓝色8橙色LED灯电压J：带LED、12VB：带LED、24V触点形式1：1C/O2：2C/O产地C中国制造XVM系列组合信号指示灯（45mm型）选型提示型号说明型号组成XVM * * **** *外形尺寸mmB：24Vac/dc电压G：120VacM：230Vac光源类别1：白炽灯2：LEDR：红色注：颜色编码后缀发光类别颜色&发光A：橙色无后缀：恒定光源类别G：绿色后缀'5'：闪烁光源B：蓝色后缀'6'：闪光放电管蜂鸣器S：带蜂鸣器无标注则不带蜂鸣器XVM系列组合信号指示灯选型说明：XVM系列组合信号指示灯是完整供货指示灯组。

摘要：本设计是基于PLC的五键密码锁控制系统，以CPU221作为主控元件，通过外围硬件电路和软件程序，实现了密码锁的启动，密码输入，开锁,报警和复位等功能。

本设计给出了PLC的I/O分配,PLC的外部接线图和梯形图程序，并将所有程序均通过了仿真测试。

本次设计使用MCGS组态环境软件制作了组态模拟界面，通过编写脚本程序，进而实现了密码锁的动画模拟与仿真测试。

该设计的五键密码锁控制系统具有性能稳定,操作简单，经济好用等优点.关键字：PLC CPU221 密码锁组态第一章绪论1.1电子密码锁的发展状况随着科技的发展，传统的机械锁被破解的概率越来越高了，新型的盗贼也学会了与时俱进，通过各种技术方法和手段即会在短时间内开启结构复杂的机械锁，会不留痕迹的登堂入室，给失主和警方留下各种不易解开的疑团.由此我们想到,要是在机械锁的基础上再装上一把密码锁，就彻底杜绝了单一机械锁易被开启的弊端，从而极大提高门锁的安全防范性能。

电子密码锁是采取电子电路控制，以电磁铁或者微型电机和锁体作为执行装置的机电一体化锁具，相比传统的机械锁具，电子锁不使用金属钥匙，保密性、精度都有很大提高。

当今世界,电子密码锁发展已经到了非常高的程度，由于电子元件特别是PLC应用技术在最近几年得到空前发展，密码锁无论是在功能还是在稳定性方面都有了较大的提高。

就整体形势而言，密码锁在国外发展比较早，所以应用也比较广泛，主要用于家庭门锁，银行公司等的财务保险柜锁和政府机关及高级宾馆等重要场合的智能控制门锁等。

在国内这方面发展也较快，不管自己开发或是引进都有，在重要场合应用也比较多。

由于电子密码锁价钱较普通机械锁贵，在国内早几年应用较少,现在越来越普及到平常化，未来的发展趋势也会是越来越大众化.由于电子密码锁的功能和安全性是普通机械锁锁无法比拟的，它存在非常广阔的发展前景。

就目前而言，各类电子锁已相继问世，其中包括电子密码锁,指纹识别电子锁,IC 卡识别电子锁、人声识别电子锁等。

蜂鸣器的介绍 Prepared on 22 November 2020蜂鸣器的介绍一）蜂鸣器的介绍1．蜂鸣器的作用蜂鸣器是一种一体化结构的电子讯响器，采用直流电压供电，广泛应用于计算机、打印机、复印机、报警器、电子玩具、汽车电子设备、电话机、定时器等电子产品中作发声器件。

2．蜂鸣器的分类蜂鸣器主要分为压电式蜂鸣器和电磁式蜂鸣器两种类型。

3．蜂鸣器的电路图形符号蜂鸣器在电路中用字母“H”或“HA”（旧标准用“FM”、“LB”、“JD”等）表示。

（二）蜂鸣器的结构原理1．压电式蜂鸣器压电式蜂鸣器主要由多谐振荡器、压电蜂鸣片、阻抗匹配器及共鸣箱、外壳等组成。

有的压电式蜂鸣器外壳上还装有发光二极管。

多谐振荡器由晶体管或集成电路构成。

当接通电源后（~15V直流工作电压）,多谐振荡器起振,输出~的音频信号，阻抗匹配器推动压电蜂鸣片发声。

压电蜂鸣片由锆钛酸铅或铌镁酸铅压电陶瓷材料制成。

在陶瓷片的两面镀上银电极，经极化和老化处理后，再与黄铜片或不锈钢片粘在一起。

2．电磁式蜂鸣器电磁式蜂鸣器由振荡器、电磁线圈、磁铁、振动膜片及外壳等组成。

接通电源后，振荡器产生的音频信号电流通过电磁线圈，使电磁线圈产生磁场。

振动膜片在电磁线圈和磁铁的相互作用下，周期性地振动发声。

一、常规电磁蜂鸣器产品是如何工作的无源电磁蜂鸣器工作原理是：交流信号通过绕在支架上的线包在支架的芯柱上产生一交变的磁通，交变的磁通和磁环恒定磁通进行叠加，使钼片以给定的交流信号频率振动并配合共振腔发声。

产品的整个频率和声压的响应曲线与间隙值、钼片的固有振动频率（可粗略折射为小钼片的厚度）、外壳（亥姆霍兹共振声腔）频率、磁环的磁强漆包线的线径有直接关系。

二、常规电磁无源蜂鸣器产品由哪些材料组成三、常规压电蜂鸣器产品是如何工作的压电蜂鸣片是将高压极压化后的压电陶瓷片黏贴于振动金属片上。

当添加交流电压后,会因为压电效应,而生成机械变形伸展及收缩，利用此特性使金属片振动而发出声响1、周边支持方式-将蜂鸣片外径边缘固定于共振腔内，一般采无回授式蜂鸣片,而其蜂鸣片须与共振腔频率搭配,才会有较高的音压输出,并由外部振荡电路生成推动信号,使蜂鸣器发出声音.节点支持方式-将蜂鸣片固定于约与陶瓷片直径同尺寸的环形结构内。

阿玛特（江苏）电气有限公司产品选型表一、工业级有源滤波器APF1、型号说明AMT -APF 150/0.4-44: Three-phase four-wire 3: Three-phase three-wire额定电压kVRated voltage kV容量ACapacity A有源电力滤波器Active power filter企业代号Corporate code二、工业级静止无功发生器SVG1、型号说明AMT -SVG 100/0.4-44：三相四线 3：三相三线4: Three-phase four-wire 3: Three-phase three-wire额定电压kVRated voltage kV容量kvarCapacity kvar静止无功发生器Static var generator企业代号Corporate code2、SVG规格选型表三、工业级全效电能质量模块ASVG1、型号说明AMT -ASVG 150/0.4-44: Three-phase four-wire 3: Three-phase three-wire额定电压kVRated voltagek V容量50A+100kvarCapacity 50A+100kvar全效电能质量模块Full-efficiency power quality module企业代号Corporate code2、ASVG规格选型表四、欧式圆柱形自愈式低压并联电容器1、型号说明AMT-R-480/30-TPhase number (T: 3-phasetogether fill, S: single-phasepoints fill)容量kvarCapacity kvar额定电压VRated voltage V欧式圆形(R:roundness)European round企业代号Corporate code2、单相分补圆柱电容器选型表单相额定电压250V 50Hz三相额定电压480V 50Hz三相额定电压525V 50Hz五、AMT-Z系列抗谐型智能电容器产品型号规格及数据表AMT-Z - 480 / 30 - 7% - TT:三相 S：单相T: Three-phase S: Single-phase额定电抗率Rated reactance ratio额定容量kvarRated capacity kvar额定电压VRated voltage V智能电容器Intelligent capacitor企业代号Corporate code六、高压并联电容器1、型号说明AMT-BFMR-6.6/√3/200-1WW:表示户外，户内不表示，1：表示单相，3：表示三相W: Outdoor, not indoor, 1: single-phase, 3: three-phase额定容量kvarRated capacity kvar额定电压kVRated voltage kV设计代号R：表示放电电阻，r:表示内熔丝，H：表示集合式Design codes: R: discharge resistance, r: internal fuse, H: assemblytype固体介质(M为全膜，聚丙烯膜)Solid dielectric (M: full film, polypropylene film)液体介质A：表示芐基甲苯，F：表示二芳基乙烷Liquid dielectric: A: 4-Benzyltoluene, F: BibenzylB:表示并联电容器B: Shunt capacitor企业代号Corporate code3、电容器技术参数七、低压串联电抗器1、型号说明AMT -SR-480/30-7%-TT：三相，S：单相T: Three-phase, S: Single-phase额定电抗率XL/Xc%Rated reactance ratio XL/Xc%电容三相容量(kvar)Three-phase capacity of capacitor (kvar)额定电压(V)Rated voltage (V)串联电抗器(SR:series reactor)SR:series reactor企业代号Corporate code2、产品型号及规格（1）单相标称电压250V的7%电抗器（2）三相标称电压480V或525V的7%电抗器（3）三相标称电压525V的14%电抗器八、高压串联电抗器1、型号说明AMT -SR TC - 10／900-6%额定电抗率XL/Xc%Rated reactance ratio XL/Xc%电容三相容量(kvar)Three-phase capacity of capacitor (kvar)配电电容器额定线电压(kv)Rated line voltage of distribution capacitor (kv)G：干式空气冷却 C:环氧浇注G: Dry air cooling C: Epoxy castT：三相，S：单相T: Three-phase, S: Single-phaseSR:串联电抗器SR: series reactor企业代号Corporate code2、产品型号及规格（1）三相系统电压6KV、10KV的5%电抗器（2）三相系统电压6KV、10KV的6%电抗器（3）三相系统电压6KV、10KV的12%电抗器九、低压晶闸管投切模块1、型号说明AMT -SCR -480/30-TT:三相 S:单相T: Three-phase S: Single-phase额定容量kvarRated capacity kvar额定电压VRated voltage V晶闸管投切开关Thyristor switching switch企业代号Corporate code2、常用型号列表十、AMT-C200无功补偿控制器1、型号说明AMT- C200 - RJ:接触器专用 R:晶闸管开关专用 Z：智能电容器专用J: Special for contactor R: Special for thyristor switch Z: Specialfor intelligent capacitor控制器型号Control model企业代号Corporate code2、控制器常用型号列表。

一、LCP二、PBS三、PBT四、PPO五、PP、ABS、PET、PVC一 LCP液晶高分子聚合物（Liquid Crystal Polymer），简称LCP。

是80年代初期发展起来的一种新型高性能工程塑料一、概述LCP是一类具有杰出性能的新型聚合物。

LCP是包含范围很宽的一类材料：a、溶致性液晶：需要在溶液中加工；b、热致性液晶：可在熔融状态加工。

最初工业化液晶聚合物是美国DuPont公司开发出来的溶致性聚对亚苯基对苯二甲酰胺（Kevlar®）。

由于这种类型的聚合物只能在溶液中加工，不能熔融，只能用作纤维和涂料。

以下内容只包括热致性LCP。

LCP外观：米黄色（也有呈白色的不透明的固体粉末）；LCP密度：1.35-1.45g/cm³。

液晶树脂的耐热性分类(低、中和高耐热型)类型热变形温度/℃ ASTM分类日本分类牌号举例低耐热＜177 Ⅰ型Ⅲ型 Vectra® A430、Rodrun® LC3000 中耐热177～243Ⅱ型Ⅱ型 Zenite® 6330、Vetra® A130、Novaccurate®E335G30、Sumikasuper® E7000、Rodrun®LC5000、UenoLCP®1000高耐热＞243 Ⅲ型Ⅰ型 Xydar® -930、Zenite®6130 Vectra® C130、Ueno LCP®2000、Titan LCP® LG431、Novaccurate® E345G30高耐热液晶聚合物的代表性质牌号 Xydar®G-930 Titan®LG431 Zenite®7130 Zenite®6130 Vectra®E130i Vectra®c130相对密度 1.60 1.63 1.66 1.67 1.61 1.62拉伸强度/MPa 135 139 145 150 165 159弯曲强度/MPa 172 170 174 170 221 214Izod缺口冲击强度/（J/m） 96 299 160 123 208 176热变形温度（1.82 MPa）/℃ 271 275 289 263 276 255二、LCP的特性与应用1、特性a、LCP具有自增强性：具有异常规整的纤维状结构特点，因而不增强的液晶塑料即可达到甚至超过普通工程塑料用百分之几十玻璃纤维增强后的机械强度及其模量的水平。

HMT331 Humidity and Temperature TransmitterFor wall mounting1234567891011121314151617181920212223 Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Transmitter HMT3301A0A PRICE 1Transmitter type HMT33112Wall probe A3No additional temperature probe04Parameters RH+T ARH+T+Td+Tdf+a+x+Tw+ppm+pw+pws+h+dT B5Display No display0Graphic LCD with backlight16Power supply10...35 VDC , 24 VAC0Galvanic isolation for outputs 10...35 VDC, 24 VAC1Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC)2Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + US power cord3Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + EUR power cord4Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + UK power cord5Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + AUS power cord67Signal output Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3) 4... 20 mA1Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 20 mA2Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 1 V3Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 5 V4Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 10 V5+ Serial interface RS232 or optional communication module8Analog output signals No 3rd analog output A9for Ch1 , Ch2 and Ch3RH (0...100%RH)B B B10T (range: see below)C C CTd (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)D D DTdf (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)E E Ea (0...600g/m3)(0...262 gr/ft3)F F FTw (0...100°C)(+32...+212°F)G G Gx (0...500g/kg d.a)(0...3500gr/lb)H H Hh (-40...1500 kJ/kg)(-9.5...+652.6 Btu/lb)J J Jppm (0…5000)(0…5000)K K Kpw (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)L L Lpws (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)M M MdT (-10...+50 °C)(14...+122 °F)N N NSPECIAL Define quantity Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________X X XDefine scale Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________Channel 1Channel 2Channel 3, choose A if not needed11Analog output range No temperature output Afor temperature-40...+60°C(-40...+140°F)BNote:-20...+60°C(-4...+140°F)F- Choose option A, if no0...+60°C(+32...+140°F)KT output is desired Special:_______________________X12Output units Metric1Non-metric213Option for module slot 1No module0Relay output 1RS-485 serial interface (galvanically isolated)2Data logger module614Option for module slot 2No module0Relay output13rd Analog output Choose also analog output signal for Ch33Data logger module Not possible if the data logger module has already been chosen in item 13615Cable bushings Cable gland M20*1.5A Note! The Universal Conduit fitting NPT1/2"BAC power not connected8-pole connector with 5 m cable Cthrough 8-pole connector!8-pole counter connector equipped with screw terminals D16Transmitter installation Normal mounting0Wall mounting plate1Pole installation kit2Pole installation kit with rain shield3DIN rail kit417Humidity sensor type General purpose HUMICAP1801Special sensor for high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180L22Chemical purge HUMICAP180C4General purpose and high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180R AChemical purge HUMICAP180RC C18Sensor protection PPS plastic grid & stainless steel netting APPS plastic grid BSintered stainless steel filter C19No probe installation kit A20Operating manual No manual A language English BGerman CFrench DFinnish EJapanese JRussian K21PC Accessories No AService cable for PC, RS232BMI70LINK software for Windows® with RS232 service cable CService cable for PC, USB DMI70LINK software for Windows® with USB service cable E22Calibration /ISO9001 compliant factory calibration / No calibration contract A Calibration contract ISO 9001 compliant calibration 3 years B ISO 9001 compliant calibration 5 years CISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) (replaces standard factory calibration)DISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 3 years (calibration contract)EISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 5 years (calibration contract) FISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 0...60°C (replaces standard factory calibration)KISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 0...60°C 3 years (calibration contract)LISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 0...60°C 5 years (calibration contract)M23Additional maintenance No maintenance and repair contract1 Maintenance and repair contract 3 years2Maintenance and repair contract 5 years3 * Additional maintenance contract can be chosen only if calibration contract is also chosen for the same time periodTOTALQTYTOTAL VALUE Selections in bold are included in the prices of the basic versions.Selections in italic are available at an extra price.Example of order code with typical settings:For general use1234567891011121314151617181920212223 Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Transmitter HMT33030PRICE 1Transmitter type HMT33332Cable length 2 m cable, +80°C E5 m cable, +80°C F10 m cable, +80°C G2 m cable, +120°C45 m cable, +120°C510 m cable, +120°C 63No additional temperature probe04Parameters RH+T ARH+T+Td+Tdf+a+x+Tw+ppm+pw+pws+h+dT B5Display No display0Graphic LCD with backlight16Power supply10...35 VDC , 24 VAC0Galvanic isolation for outputs 10...35 VDC , 24 VAC1Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC)2Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + US power cord3Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + EUR power cord4Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + UK power cord5Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + AUS power cord67Signal output Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3) 4... 20 mA1Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 20 mA2Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 1 V3Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 5 V4Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 10 V5+ Serial interface RS232 or optional communication module8Analog output signals No 3rd analog output A9for Ch1 , Ch2 and Ch3RH (0... 100%RH)B B B10T(range: see below)C C CTd (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)D D DTdf (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)E E Ea (0...600g/m3)(0...262 gr/ft3)F F FTw (0...100°C)(+32...+212°F)G G Gx (0...500g/kg d.a)(0...3500gr/lb)H H Hh (-40...1500 kJ/kg)(-9.5...+652.6 Btu/lb)J J Jppm (0…5000)(0…5000)K K Kpw (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)L L Lpws (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)M M MdT (-10...+50 °C)(14...+122 °F)N N NSPECIAL Define quantity Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________X X XDefine scale Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________Channel 1Channel 2Channel 3, choose A if not needed11Analog output range No temperature output Afor temperature-40...+60°C(-40...+140°F)B- Choose option A, if no-40...+80°C(-40...+176°F)CT output is desired-40...+120°C(-40...+248°F)D-20...+60°C(-4...+140°F)F-20...+80°C(-4...+176°F)G-20...+120°C(-4...+248°F)H0...+60°C(+32...+140°F)K0...+120°C(+32...248°F)Mspecial:_______________________X12Output units Metric1Non-metric213Option for module slot 1No module0Relay output 1RS-485 serial interface (galvanically isolated)2Data logger module614Option for module slot 2No module0Relay output13rd Analog output Choose also analog output signal for Ch33Data logger module Not possible if the data logger module has already been chosen in item 13615Cable bushings Cable gland M20*1.5A Note! The Universal Conduit fitting NPT1/2"BAC power not connected8-pole connector with 5m cable Cthrough 8-pole connector!8-pole counter connector equipped with screw terminals D16Transmitter installation Normal mounting0Wall mounting plate1Pole installation kit2Pole installation kit with rain shield3DIN rail kit417Humidity sensor type General purpose HUMICAP1801Special sensor for high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180L22Chemical purge HUMICAP180C4General purpose and high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180R AChemical purge HUMICAP180RC C18Sensor protection PPS plastic grid & stainless steel netting APPS plastic grid BSintered stainless steel filter C19Installation kit No kit A for probe Duct installation kit CCable gland AGRO D20Operating manual No manual A language English BGerman CFrench DFinnish EJapanese JRussian K21PC Accessories No A Service cable for PC, RS232BMI70LINK software for Windows® with RS232 service cable CService cable for PC, USB DMI70LINK software for Windows® with USB service cable E22Calibration /ISO9001 compliant factory calibration / No calibration contract A Calibration contract ISO 9001 compliant calibration 3 years B ISO 9001 compliant calibration 5 years CISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) (replaces standard factory calibration)DISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 3 years (calibration contract)EISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 5 years (calibration contract)FISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) (replaces standard factory calibration)GISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 3 years (calibration contract) HISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 5 years (calibration contract)J23Additional Maintenance No maintenance and repair contract1 Maintenance and repair contract 3 years2Maintenance and repair contract 5 years3 * Additional maintenance contract can be chosen only if calibration contract is also chosen for the same time periodTOTALQTYTOTAL VALUE Selections in bold are included in the prices of the basic versions.Selections in italic are available at an extra price.For pressurized processes1234567891011121314151617181920212223 Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Transmitter HMT33040PRICE 1Transmitter type HMT33442Cable lenght 2 m cable H5 m cable J10 m cable K3No additional temperature probe04Parameters RH+T ARH+T+Td+Tdf+a+x+Tw+ppm+pw+pws+h+dT B5Display No display0Graphic LCD with backlight16Power supply10...35 VDC , 24 VAC0Galvanic isolation for outputs 10...35 VDC , 24 VAC1Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC)2Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + US power cord3Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + EUR power cord4Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + UK power cord5Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + AUS power cord67Signal output Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3) 4... 20 mA1Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 20 mA2Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 1 V3Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 5 V4Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 10 V5+ Serial interface RS232 or optional communication module8Analog output signals No 3rd analog output A9for Ch1 , Ch2 and Ch3RH (0... 100%RH)B B B10T(range: see below)C C CTd (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)D D DTdf (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)E E Ea (0...600g/m3)(0...262 gr/ft3)F F FTw (0...100°C)(+32...+212°F)G G Gx (0...500g/kg d.a)(0...3500gr/lb)H H Hh (-40...1500 kJ/kg)(-9.5...+652.6 Btu/lb)J J Jppm (0…5000)(0…5000)K K Kpw (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)L L Lpws (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)M M MdT (-10...+50 °C)(14...+122 °F)N N NSPECIAL Define quantity Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________X X XDefine scale Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________Channel 1Channel 2Channel 3, choose A, if not needed11Analog output range No temperature output Afor temperature-40...+60°C(-40...+140°F)B-40...+80°C(-40...+176°F)CNote:-40...+120°C(-40...+248°F)D- Choose option A, if no-40...+180°C(-40...+356°F)ET output is desired-20...+60°C(-4...+140°F)F-20...+80°C(-4...+176°F)G-20...+120°C(-4...+248°F)H-20...+180°C(-4...+356°F)J0...+60°C(+32...+140°F)K0...+100°C(+32...+ 212°F)L0...+120°C(+32...248°F)M0...+180°C(+32...356°F)N-60...60 °C(-76...+140°F)PSpecial:_______________________X12Output units Metric1Non-metric213Option for module slot 1No module0Relay output 1RS-485 serial interface (galvanically isolated)2Data logger module614Option for module slot 2No module0Relay output13rd Analog output Choose also analog output signal for Ch33Data logger module Not possible if the data logger module has already been chosen in item 13615Cable bushings Cable gland M20*1.5A Note! The Universal Conduit fitting NPT1/2"BAC power not connected8-pole connector with 5m cable Cthrough 8-pole connector!8-pole counter connector equipped with screw terminals D16Transmitter installation Normal mounting0Wall mounting plate1Pole installation kit2Pole installation kit with rain shield3DIN rail kit417Humidity sensor type General purpose HUMICAP1801Special sensor for high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180L22Chemical purge HUMICAP180C4General purpose and high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180R AChemical purge HUMICAP180RC C18Sensor protection PPS plastic grid & stainless steel netting APPS plastic grid BSintered stainless steel filter CStainless steel grid D19Installation kit Fitting body M22 x 1,5E for probe Fitting body NPT 1/2"F20Operating manual No manual A language English BGerman CFrench DFinnish EJapanese JRussian K21PC Accessories No A Service cable for PC, RS232BMI70LINK software for Windows® with RS232 service cable CService cable for PC, USB DMI70LINK software for Windows® with USB service cable E22Calibration /ISO9001 compliant factory calibration / No calibration contract A Calibration contract ISO 9001 compliant calibration 3 years B ISO 9001 compliant calibration 5 years CISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) (replaces standard factory calibration)DISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 3 years (calibration contract)EISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 5 years (calibration contract)FISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) (replaces standard factory calibration)GISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 3 years (calibration contract)HISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 5 years (calibration contract)J23Additional Maintenance No maintenance and repair contract1 Maintenance and repair contract 3 years2Maintenance and repair contract 5 years3 * Additional maintenance contract can be chosen only if calibration contract is also chosen for the same time periodTOTALQTYTOTAL VALUE Selections in bold are included in the prices of the basic versions.Selections in italic are available at an extra price.For high temperatures1234567891011121314151617181920212223 Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Transmitter HMT33050PRICE 1Transmitter type HMT33552Cable lenght 2 m cable L5 m cable M10 m cable N3No additional temperature probe04Parameters RH+T ARH+T+Td+Tdf+a+x+Tw+ppm+pw+pws+h+dT B5Display No display0Graphic LCD with backlight16Power supply10...35 VDC , 24 VAC0Galvanic isolation for outputs 10...35 VDC , 24 VAC1Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC)2Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + US power cord3Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + EUR power cord4Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + UK power cord5Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + AUS power cord67Signal output Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3) 4... 20 mA1Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 20 mA2Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 1 V3Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 5 V4Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 10 V5+ Serial interface RS232 or optional communication module8Analog output signals No 3rd analog output A9for Ch1 , Ch2 and Ch3RH (0... 100%RH)B B B10T(range: see below)C C CTd (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)D D DTdf (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)E E Ea (0...600g/m3)(0...262 gr/ft3)F F FTw (0...100°C)(+32...+212°F)G G Gx (0...500g/kg d.a)(0...3500gr/lb)H H Hh (-40...1500 kJ/kg)(-9.5...+652.6 Btu/lb)J J Jppm (0…5000)(0…5000)K K Kpw (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)L L Lpws (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)M M MdT (-10...+50 °C)(14...+122 °F)N N NSPECIAL Define quantity Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________X X XDefine scale Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________Channel 1Channel 2Channel 3, choose A, if not needed11Analog output range No temperature output Afor temperature-40...+60°C(-40...+140°F)B-40...+80°C(-40...+176°F)CNote:-40...+120°C(-40...+248°F)D- Choose option A, if no-40...+180°C(-40...+356°F)ET output is desired-20...+60°C(-4...+140°F)F-20...+80°C(-4...+176°F)G-20...+120°C(-4...+248°F)H-20...+180°C(-4...+356°F)J0...+60°C(+32...+140°F)K0...+100°C(+32...+ 212°F)L0...+120°C(+32...248°F)M0...+180°C(+32...356°F)N-60...60 °C(-76...+140°F)PSpecial:_______________________X12Output units Metric1Non-metric213Option for module slot 1No module0Relay output 1RS-485 serial interface (galvanically isolated)2Data logger module614Option for module slot 2No module0Relay output13rd Analog output Choose also analog output signal for Ch33Data logger module Not possible if the data logger module has already been chosen in item 13615Cable bushings Cable gland M20*1.5A Note! The Universal Conduit fitting NPT1/2"BAC power not connected8-pole connector with 5m cable Cthrough 8-pole connector!8-pole counter connector equipped with screw terminals D16Transmitter installation Normal mounting0Wall mounting plate1Pole installation kit2Pole installation kit with rain shield3DIN rail kit417Humidity sensor type General purpose HUMICAP1801Special sensor for high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180L22Chemical purge HUMICAP180C4General purpose and high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180R AChemical purge HUMICAP180RC C18Sensor protection in probe PPS plastic grid & stainless steel netting APPS plastic grid BSintered stainless steel filter CStainless steel grid D19Installation kit No kit A for probe Mounting flange G20Operating manual No manual A language English BGerman CFrench DFinnish EJapanese JRussian K21PC Accessories No A Service cable for PC, RS232BMI70LINK software for Windows® with RS232 service cable CService cable for PC, USB DMI70LINK software for Windows® with USB service cable E22Calibration /ISO9001 compliant factory calibration / No calibration contract A Calibration contract ISO 9001 compliant calibration 3 years B ISO 9001 compliant calibration 5 years CISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) (replaces standard factory calibration)DISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 3 years (calibration contract)EISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 5 years (calibration contract)FISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) (replaces standard factory calibration)GISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 3 years (calibration contract)HISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 5 years (calibration contract)J23Additional Maintenance No maintenance and repair contract1 Maintenance and repair contract 3 years2Maintenance and repair contract 5 years3 * Additional maintenance contract can be chosen only if calibration contract is also chosen for the same time periodTOTALQTYTOTAL VALUE Selections in bold are included in the prices of the basic versions.Selections in italic are available at an extra price.For high humidities1234567891011121314151617181920212223 Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Transmitter HMT33070PRICE 1Transmitter type HMT33772Cable lenght 2 m cable S5 m cable T10 m cable U3Additional temperature No probe0probe4Parameters RH+T ARH+T+Td+Tdf+a+x+Tw+ppm+pw+pws+h+dT B5Display No display0Graphic LCD with backlight16Power supply10...35 VDC , 24 VAC0Galvanic isolation for outputs 10...35 VDC , 24 VAC1Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC)2Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + US power cord3Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + EUR power cord4Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + UK power cord5Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + AUS power cord67Signal output Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3) 4... 20 mA1Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 20 mA2Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 1 V3Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 5 V4Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 10 V5+ Serial interface RS232 or optional communication module8Analog output signals No 3rd analog output A9for Ch1 , Ch2 and Ch3RH (0... 100%RH)B B B10T(range : see below)C C CTd (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)D D DTdf (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)E E Ea (0...600g/m3)(0...262 gr/ft3)F F FTw (0...100°C)(+32...+212°F)G G Gx (0...500g/kg d.a)(0...3500gr/lb)H H Hh (-40...1500 kJ/kg)(-9.5...+652.6 Btu/lb)J J Jppm (0…5000)(0…5000)K K Kpw (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)L L Lpws (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)M M MdT (-10...+50 °C)(14...+122 °F)N N NSPECIAL Define quantity Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________X X XDefine scale Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________Channel 1Channel 2Channel 3, choose A, if not needed11Analog output range No temperature output Afor temperature-40...+60°C(-40...+140°F)B-40...+80°C(-40...+176°F)CNote:-40...+120°C(-40...+248°F)D- Choose option A, if no-40...+180°C(-40...+356°F)ET output is desired-20...+60°C(-4...+140°F)F-20...+80°C(-4...+176°F)G-20...+120°C(-4...+248°F)H-20...+180°C(-4...+356°F)J0...+60°C(+32...+140°F)K0...+100°C(+32...+ 212°F)L0...+120°C(+32...248°F)M0...+180°C(+32...356°F)N-60...60 °C(-76...+140°F)PSpecial:_______________________X12Output units Metric1Non-metric213Option for module slot 1No module0Relay output 1RS-485 serial interface (galvanically isolated)2Data logger module614Option for module slot 2No module0Relay output13rd Analog output Choose also analog output signal for Ch33Data logger module Not possible if the data logger module has already been chosen in item 13615Cable bushings Cable gland M20*1.5A Note! The Universal Conduit fitting NPT1/2"BAC power not connected8-pole connector with 5m cable Cthrough 8-pole connector!8-pole counter connector equipped with screw terminals D16Transmitter installation Normal mounting0Wall mounting plate1Pole installation kit2Pole installation kit with rain shield3DIN rail kit417Humidity sensor type General purpose HUMICAP1801Special sensor for high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180L22Chemical purge HUMICAP180C4General purpose and high chemical concentrations HUMICAP180R AChemical purge HUMICAP180RC C18Sensor protection PPS plastic grid & stainless steel netting APPS plastic grid BSintered stainless steel filter CStainless steel grid D19Installation kit No kit A for probe Duct installation kit CCable gland AGRO DSwagelok NPT 1/2"KSwagelok ISO 3/8"LSwagelok ISO 1/2"Y20Operating manual No manual A language English BGerman CFrench DFinnish EJapanese JRussian K21PC Accessories No A Service cable for PC, RS232BMI70LINK software for Windows® with RS232 service cable CService cable for PC, USB DMI70LINK software for Windows® with USB service cable E22Calibration /ISO9001 compliant factory calibration / No calibration contract A Calibration contract ISO 9001 compliant calibration 3 years B ISO 9001 compliant calibration 5 years CISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) (replaces standard factory calibration)DISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 3 years (calibration contract)EISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 5 years (calibration contract)FISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) (replaces standard factory calibration)GISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 3 years (calibration contract)HISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 5 years (calibration contract)J23Additional Maintenance No maintenance and repair contract1 Maintenance and repair contract 3 years2Maintenance and repair contract 5 years3 * Additional maintenance contract can be chosen only if calibration contract is also chosen for the same time periodTOTALQTYTOTAL VALUE Selections in bold are included in the prices of the basic versions.Selections in italic are available at an extra price.Example of order code with typical settings:HMT337 Humidity and Temperature Transmitter with warmed probeFor high humidities1234567891011121314151617181920212223 Vaisala HUMICAP® Humidity and Temperature Transmitter HMT3307PRICE 1Transmitter type HMT33772Cable lenght 2 m cable S(dew point probe) 5 m cable T10 m cable U3Additional temperature No probe0probe 2 m cable15 m cable210 m cable34Parameters Td+Tdf+x+pw(dew point probe only)CRH+T+Td+Tdf+a+x+Tw+ppm+pw+pws+h+dT(with additional T probe)D5Display No display0Graphic LCD with backlight16Power supply10...35 VDC , 24 VAC0Galvanic isolation for outputs 10...35 VDC , 24 VAC1Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC)2Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + US power cord3Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + EUR power cord4Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + UK power cord5Universal AC-power (100...240 VAC) + AUS power cord67Signal output Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3) 4... 20 mA1Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 20 mA2Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 1 V3Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 5 V4Analog output channel (Ch1&Ch2&Ch3)0... 10 V5+ Serial interface RS232 or optional communication module8Analog output signals No 3rd analog output A9for Ch1 , Ch2 and Ch3RH (0... 100%RH)B B B10T(range: see below)C C C(ref. to parameters Td (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)D D Dselection above)Tdf (-20...100°C)(-4...+212 °F)E E Ea (0...600g/m3)(0...262 gr/ft3)F F FTw (0...100°C)(+32...+212°F)G G Gx (0...500g/kg d.a)(0...3500gr/lb)H H Hh (-40...1500 kJ/kg)(-9.5...+652.6 Btu/lb)J J Jppm (0…5000)(0…5000)K K Kpw (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)L L Lpws (0…1000 hPa)(0…14.5psi)M M MdT (-10...+50 °C)(14...+122 °F)N N NSPECIAL Define quantity Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________X X XDefine scale Ch1:_______________ Ch2:________________ Optional Ch3:______________Channel 1Channel 2Channel 3, choose A, if not needed11Analog output range No temperature output Afor temperature-40...+60°C(-40...+140°F)B-40...+80°C(-40...+176°F)CNOTE:-40...+120°C(-40...+248°F)D- Choose option A, if no-40...+180°C(-40...+356°F)ET output is desired-20...+60°C(-4...+140°F)F-20...+80°C(-4...+176°F)G-20...+120°C(-4...+248°F)H-20...+180°C(-4...+356°F)J0...+60°C(+32...+140°F)K0...+100°C(+32...+ 212°F)L0...+120°C(+32...248°F)M0...+180°C(+32...356°F)N-60...60 °C(-76...+140°F)PSpecial:_______________________X12Output units Metric1Non-metric213Option for module slot 1No module0Relay output 1RS-485 serial interface (galvanically isolated)2Data logger module614Option for module slot 2No module0Relay output13rd Analog output Choose also analog output signal for Ch33Data logger module Not possible if the data logger module has already been chosen in item 13615Cable bushings Cable gland M20*1.5A Note! The Universal Conduit fitting NPT1/2"BAC power not connected8-pole connector with 5m cable Cthrough 8-pole connector!8-pole counter connector equipped with screw terminals D16Transmitter installation Normal mounting0Wall mounting plate1Pole installation kit2Pole installation kit with rain shield3DIN rail kit417Humidity sensor type Composite sensor HUMICAP180C5Composite sensor with chemical purge HUMICAP180C6Composite sensor HUMICAP180RC DComposite sensor with chemical purge HUMICAP180RC EComposite sensor for fuel cell applications HUMICAP180RC F18Sensor protection PPS plastic grid & stainless steel netting ASintered stainless steel filter CStainless steel grid DMembrane SST filter for fuel cell applications F19Installation kit No kit A for probe Duct installation kit CSwagelok NPT 1/2"KSwagelok ISO 3/8"LDuct installation kit (RH + T probes)PSwagelok NPT 1/2" + Swagelok NPT 1/8" (RH+T)QSwagelok ISO 3/8" + Swagelok ISO 1/8" (RH+T)RSwagelok ISO 1/2"Y20Operating manual No manual A language English BGerman CFrench DFinnish EJapanese JRussian K21PC Accessories No A Service cable for PC, RS232BMI70LINK software for Windows® with RS232 service cable CService cable for PC, USB DMI70LINK software for Windows® with USB service cable E22Calibration /ISO9001 compliant factory calibration / No calibration contract A Calibration contract ISO 9001 compliant calibration 3 years B ISO 9001 compliant calibration 5 years CISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) (replaces standard factory calibration)DISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 3 years (calibration contract)EISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH) 5 years (calibration contract)FISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) (replaces standard factory calibration)GISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 3 years (calibration contract)HISO 17025 Accredited calibration, 7 points (RH+T) 5 years (calibration contract)J23Additional Maintenance No maintenance and repair contract1 Maintenance and repair contract 3 years2Maintenance and repair contract 5 years3 * Additional maintenance contract can be chosen only if calibration contract is also chosen for the same time periodTOTALQTYTOTAL VALUE Selections in bold are included in the prices of the basic versions.Selections in italic are available at an extra price.。

蜂鸣器报警电路原理一、蜂鸣器报警电路的基本原理1.1 什么是蜂鸣器报警电路蜂鸣器报警电路是一种用于产生持续而刺耳声音的电路装置。

它通常由蜂鸣器、信号源、驱动电路和电源组成。

通过将信号源的电信号输入驱动电路，再由驱动电路驱动蜂鸣器，就可以产生连续的声音。

1.2 蜂鸣器的工作原理蜂鸣器是一种电声转换器，它能将电信号转换为声音。

它由振膜、线圈和永磁体组成。

当电信号通过线圈产生磁场时，磁场与永磁体相互作用，使得振膜产生机械振动，并以此产生声音。

二、蜂鸣器报警电路的常见设计2.1 信号源的选择蜂鸣器报警电路的信号源可以是一个简单的开关，也可以是来自其他电路系统的信号。

在选择信号源时，需要根据具体的应用场景来确定，以保证报警信号的准确性和可靠性。

2.2 驱动电路的设计驱动电路是将信号源的电信号转换为适合驱动蜂鸣器的电信号的电路。

常见的驱动电路包括放大电路、振荡电路等。

通过合适的设计和选择元器件，可以使得蜂鸣器得到足够的电压和电流，从而产生高亮度、清晰的声音。

2.3 电源的供给蜂鸣器报警电路需要一个稳定可靠的电源来提供电能。

常见的电源包括直流电源和交流电源。

对于不同类型的蜂鸣器，其电源的额定电压和电流有所不同，因此在设计电源供给电路时需注意与蜂鸣器的匹配。

2.4 电路的保护与控制为了确保蜂鸣器报警电路的正常工作，需要在电路中加入一些保护和控制元件。

例如，可以添加过流保护电路、过压保护电路等，以防止电路元件损坏。

同时，还可以通过控制开关或滑动变阻器等元件，调节蜂鸣器的声音大小和音调。

2.5 器件的选型与优化在设计蜂鸣器报警电路时，需要根据需求选择合适的元器件。

例如，选择适合的蜂鸣器类型、合适的驱动电路、稳定可靠的电源等。

此外，还可以通过优化电路的布局、降低噪声干扰等手段，提高蜂鸣器报警电路的性能和可靠性。

三、蜂鸣器报警电路应用案例3.1 家庭防盗报警系统在家庭防盗报警系统中，蜂鸣器报警电路起到了重要的作用。

当系统感知到入侵信号时，会通过信号源触发蜂鸣器报警电路，使得蜂鸣器发出响亮的声音，起到吓退入侵者、提醒周围人员的作用。

蜂鸣器驱动电路蜂鸣器是电路设计中常用的器件，广泛用于工业控制报警、机房监控、门禁控制、计算机等电子产品作预警发声器件，驱动电路也非常简单，然而很多人在设计时往往随意设计，导致实际电路中蜂鸣器不发声、轻微发声和乱发声的情况发生。

下面就 3.3V NPN 三极管驱动有源蜂鸣器设计，从实际产品中分析电路设计存在的问题，提出电路的改进方案，使读者能从小小的蜂鸣器电路中学会分析和改进电路的方法，从而设计出更优秀的产品，达到抛砖引玉的效果。

常见错误接法上图为典型的错误接法，当 BUZZER 端输入高电平时蜂鸣器不响或响声太小。

当 I/O 口为高电平时，基极电压为 3.3/4.7*3.3V≈2.3V，由于三极管的压降 0.6~0.7V，则三极管射极电压为2.3-0.7=1.6V，驱动电压太低导致蜂鸣器无法驱动或者响声很小。

上图为第二种典型的错误接法，由于上拉电阻R2，BUZZER 端在输出低电平时，由于电阻R1和R2的分压作用，三极管不能可靠关断。

上图为第三种错误接法，三极管的高电平门槛电压就只有 0.7V，即在 BUZZER 端输入压只要超过0.7V就有可能使三极管导通，显然0.7V的门槛电压对于数字电路来说太低了，电磁干扰的环境下，很容易造成蜂鸣器鸣叫。

上图为第四种错误接法，当CPU的GPIO管脚存在内部下拉时，由于 I/O 口存在输入阻抗，也可能导致三极管不能可靠关断，而且和图3一样BUZZER端输入电压只要超过0.7V就有可能使三极管导通。

以上几种用法我觉得也不能说是完全不行，对于器件的各种参数要求会比较局限，不利于器件选型，抗干扰性能也比较差。

NPN三极管控制有源蜂鸣器常规设计上图为通用有源蜂鸣器的驱动电路。

电阻R1为限流电阻，防止流过基极电流过大损坏三极管。

电阻R2有着重要的作用，第一个作用：R2 相当于基极的下拉电阻。

如果A端被悬空则由于R2的存在能够使三极管保持在可靠的关断状态，如果删除R2则当BUZZER输入端悬空时则易受到干扰而可能导致三极管状态发生意外翻转或进入不期望的放大状态，造成蜂鸣器意外发声。