冶金工程专业英语词汇

冶金工程专业英语词汇1. 冶金学冶金学是冶金工程专业的核心课程，主要讲授钢铁冶金和有色金属冶金过程的基本原理、工艺及装备，包括炼铁、炼钢、精炼、连铸、铝冶金、铜冶金、稀土冶金等内容。中文英文冶金学metallurgy钢铁冶金iron and steel metallurgy有色金属冶金nonferrous metal metallurgy炼铁ironmaking炼钢steelmaking精炼refining连铸continuous casting铝冶金aluminum metallurgy铜冶金copper metallurgy稀土冶金rare earth metallurgy高炉blast furnace转炉converter电炉electric furnace真空精炼vacuum refining钢包ladle结晶器crystallizer铝电解槽aluminum electrolytic cell铜闪速熔炼copper flash smelting稀土萃取分离rare earth extraction and separation熔盐电解法molten salt electrolysis method冶炼产品smelting products生铁pig iron钢水molten steel铝锭aluminum ingot铜阳极泥copper anode slime稀土氧化物rare earth oxides冶炼渣smelting slag炉渣性质slag properties脱硫desulfurization脱磷dephosphorization脱氧deoxidation合金化alloying溅渣护炉splashing slag lining protection终点控制endpoint control中文英文出钢操作tapping operation凝固传热机制solidification heat transfer mechanism凝固结构与缺陷solidification structure and defects氧化还原反应oxidation-reduction reaction造渣反应与造渣制度slagging reaction and slagging system2. 冶金物理化学冶金物理化学是冶金工程专业的基础理论课程，主要讲授冶金过程中涉及的物理化学原理和方法，包括平衡与相图、溶液理论、电化学、表面与胶体化学、传递现象等内容。中文英文冶金物理化学physical chemistry of metallurgy平衡与相图equilibrium and phase diagram溶液理论solution theory电化学electrochemistry表面与胶体化学surface and colloid chemistry传递现象transport phenomena化学平衡chemical equilibrium相平衡phase equilibrium热力学平衡thermodynamic equilibrium亚稳平衡metastable equilibrium相图phase diagram相律phase rule溶解度solubility活度activity理想溶液ideal solution实际溶液real solution电极电势electrode potential电池电动势cell electromotive force电解质溶液electrolyte solution泊松方程Nernst equation极化与过电位polarization and overpotential表面张力surface tension湿润现象wetting phenomenon吸附与膜层adsorption and film layer胶体粒子与胶体溶液colloid particles and colloid solution胶体稳定性与胶体凝聚colloid stability and colloid coagulation扩散与渗透diffusion and permeation对流与热对流convection and thermal convection热传导与热辐射heat conduction and heat radiation3. 冶金传输原理冶金传输原理是冶金工程专业的基础理论课程，主要讲授冶金过程中涉及的传输现象的基本原理和计算方法，包括质量传输、动量传输、能量传输等内容。中文英文冶金传输原理transport principles of metallurgy质量传输mass transfer动量传输momentum transfer能量传输energy transfer浓度梯度concentration gradient流速梯度velocity gradient温度梯度temperature gradient质量通量mass flux动量通量momentum flux能量通量energy flux质量传输系数mass transfer coefficient动量传输系数momentum transfer coefficient能量传输系数energy transfer coefficient质量传输方程mass transfer equation动量传输方程momentum transfer equation能量传输方程energy transfer equation质量平衡mass balance动量平衡momentum balance能量平衡energy balance传输过程的模拟与优化simulation and optimization of transport processes4. 冶金反应工程冶金反应工程是冶金工程专业的基础理论课程，主要讲授冶金过程中涉及的反应工程的基本原理和计算方法，包括反应动力学、反应器设计、反应器模型、反应器性能等内容。中文英文冶金反应工程metallurgical reaction engineering反应动力学reaction kinetics反应器设计reactor design反应器模型reactor model反应器性能reactor performance反应速率reaction rate反应级数reaction order反应速率常数reaction rate constant反应机理reaction mechanism反应活化能reaction activation energy反应温度对反应速率的影响effect of reaction temperature on reaction rate反应浓度对反应速率的影响effect of reaction concentration on reaction rate反应压力对反应速率的影响effect of reaction pressure on reaction rate反应催化剂对反应速率的影响effect of reaction catalyst on reaction rate中文英文均相反应器homogeneous reactor非均相反应器heterogeneous reactor批式反应器batch reactor半批式反应器semi-batch reactor连续搅拌流动反应器（CSTR）continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR)管式流动反应器（PFR）plug flow reactor (PFR)微型流动反应器（MFR）micro flow reactor (MFR)固定床反应器（FBR）fixed bed reactor (FBR)流化床反应器（FBR）fluidized bed reactor (FBR)气固两相流动床反应器（GFB）gas-solid two-phase fluidized bed reactor (GFB)气液两相流动床反应器（GLB）gas-liquid two-phase fluidized bed reactor (GLB)5. 冶金热力学冶金热力学是冶金工程专业的基础理论课程，主要讲授冶金过程中涉及的热力学原理和计算方法，包括热力学基本概念、热力学第一定律、热力学第二定律、热力学第三定律、自由能与化学势、吉布斯相律等内容。中文英文冶金热力学metallurgical thermodynamics热力学基本概念thermodynamic basic concepts热力学第一定律first law of thermodynamics热力学第二定律second law of thermodynamics热力学第三定律third law of thermodynamics自由能与化学势free energy and chemical potential吉布斯相律Gibbs phase rule系统与环境system and surroundings过程与状态process and state平衡与稳定equilibrium and stability状态方程equation of state状态函数与过程函数state function and process function焓与内能enthalpy and internal energy熵与不可逆性entropy and irreversibility卡诺循环与卡诺效率Carnot cycle and Carnot efficiency克劳修斯不等式与热力学第二定律的数学表达式Clausius inequality and mathematical expression of the second law ofthermodynamics热力学温标与热力学温度计thermodynamic temperature scale and thermodynamic thermometer热力学第三定律的表述与意义statement and significance of the third law of thermodynamics自由能的定义与计算definition and calculation of free energy化学势的定义与计算definition and calculation of chemical potential混合物的自由能和化学势free energy and chemical potential of mixture活度和活度系数的定义和计算definition and calculation of activity and activity coefficient吉布斯杜赫姆方程和吉布斯能最小原理Gibbs-Duhem equation and minimum principle of Gibbs energy相变和相平衡条件phase transition and phase equilibrium condition中文英文相图的绘制和应用drawing and application of phase diagram6. 冶金分析化学冶金分析化学是冶金工程专业的基础理论课程，主要讲授冶金过程中涉及的分析化学原理和方法，包括重量分析、容量分析、光谱分析、色谱分析、电化学分析等内容。中文英文冶金分析化学analytical chemistry of metallurgy重量分析gravimetric analysis容量分析volumetric analysis光谱分析spectroscopic analysis色谱分析chromatographic analysis电化学分析electrochemical analysis沉淀法precipitation method灼烧法ignition method滴定法titration method标准溶液standard solution指示剂indicator原子吸收光谱法atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS)原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS)原子发射光谱法atomic emission spectroscopy (AES)分子吸收光谱法molecular absorption spectroscopy (MAS)分子荧光光谱法molecular fluorescence spectroscopy (MFS)红外光谱法infrared spectroscopy (IR)紫外可见光谱法ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis)拉曼光谱法Raman spectroscopy (RS)核磁共振光谱法nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)质谱法mass spectrometry (MS)X射线衍射法X-ray diffraction (XRD)X射线荧光法X-ray fluorescence (XRF)气相色谱法gas chromatography (GC)液相色谱法liquid chromatography (LC)离子色谱法ion chromatography (IC)凝胶渗透色谱法gel permeation chromatography (GPC)薄层色谱法thin layer chromatography (TLC)电位法potentiometry电导法conductometry极谱法polarography电解滴汞池法coulometric dropping mercury electrode method (CDME)7. 冶金材料学