软件工程专业英语软件工程英语软件度量学:Software Metrics软件经济学:Software Economics 文档:Documents软件计划WHY软件分析WHAT软件工具:Software Tools软件实现HOW工具箱:Tool Box软件生存周期过程的开发标准集成工具:Integrated Tool Standard for Developing Software 软件工程环境:SoftwareLife Cycle Process Engineering Environment软件开发模型:Software 传统:ConventionalDevelopment Model 经典:Classical编码员:Coder解空间:Solution Domain瀑布模型:Waterfall Model 问题空间:Problem Domain快速原型模型:Rapid Prototype 清晰第一，效率第二Clarity the Modelfirst, Efficiency the next.增量模型:Incremental Model 设计先于编码Design before线性思维:Linear Thinking coding演化模型:Evolutionary Model 使程序的结构适合于问题的结构螺旋模型:Spiral Model Make the program fit the problem对象:Object开发伴随复用，开发为了复用类:ClassDevelopment with reuse,继承:InheritanceDevelopment for reuse.聚集:Aggregation 靠度量来管理:Management by消息:MessageMeasurement面向对象,对象Object+分类结构化分析:SA(StructuredAnalysis) Classification+继承Inheritance+消息通信Communication with 由顶向下，逐步细化 Top-Down Messages Stepwise Refinement 构件集成模型:Component 面向对象分析:Object-Oriented Integration Model Analysis转换模型:Transformationa包含:l ContainsModel 临近:Is Next To 净室软件工程:Cleanroom传到 :Transmits to Software Engineering 来自:Acquires from 净室模型:Cleanroom Model 管理:Manages软件需求规格说明书:Software 控制:ControlsRequirement Specification ,SRS组成: Is Composed of 分析模型:Analysis Model 细化:Refinement便利的应用规约技术:Facilitated 抽象:AbstractionApplication Specificat模块:ion ModuleTechniques ,FAST 策略:Strategy结构化语言:Structured Language 信息隐藏:Information Hiding 判定树:Decision Tree 数据封装:Data Encapsulation 基数:Cardinality 抽象数据类型:Abstract Data type事件轨迹:Event Trace 模块化设计:Modular Design 对象,关系Object-Relationsship 分解:Decomposition模块性:Modularity 内容偶合: Content Coupling由底向上设计:Bottom-Up 单模块软件:MonolithicSoftware Design模块独立性:Modul自顶向下设e 计:Top-Down Design Independence 正式复审:Formal Review 内聚:Cohesion 非正式复审:Informal Review 偶然性内聚:Coincidental 走查，排练:Walk-Through Cohesion 会审:Inspection 逻辑性内聚:Logical Cohesion 映射:Mapping时间性内聚:Temporal Cohes传入路径:ion Afferent path 过程性内聚: Procedural传出路径: Efferent path Cohesion 变换中心:Transform Center 通信性内聚: Communicational接受路径: Reception path Cohesion 动作路径:Action path 顺序性内聚:Sequential Cohes事务中心:ion Transaction Center 功能性内聚:Functional Cohes分支分解:ion Factoring of 非直接偶合:No Direct CouplBranding ches数据偶合:Data Coupling 瓮形:oval-shaped特征偶合:Stamp Coupling 一个模块的控制域:Scope of 控制偶合:Control Coupling Control外部偶合:External Coupling 一个模块的作用域:Scope of 公共偶合:Common Coupling Effect结构化程序设计:Structured结点: Node接口:Interface Programming通心面程序:Bowl of Spaghetti包: Package流程图:Flow Diagram 注释: Note编码:Coding 特化:Specialization 方框图:Block Diagram 元元模型:Meta-Meta Model PDL (Pidgin):Program Design 用户模型:User Model Language 静态图:Static Diagram 伪代码:Pseudo Code 动态图:Dynamic Diagram JSD:Jackson System Developmen用例视图:t Use Case View 对象建模技术:Object Model逻辑视图:ing Logical View Technique 并发视图:Concurrent View 基础设施:Infrastructure 构件视图:Component View 控制线程:Thread of Control 实现模型视图:Implementation 保护者对象:Guardian Object Model View 协议:protocol 部署视图:Deployment View UML:Unified Modeling Language 航向:Navigability OMG:Object Management 重数:MultipliciGroup ty 统一方法:Unified Method 共享聚集:Shared Aggregation 关联:Association 组合:Composition 泛化:Generalization 泛化:Generalization 依赖:Dependency 简单消息:Simple Message同步消息:Synchronous Messa程序风格设ge 计要素:先求正确后求快 Make it right 异步消息:AsynchronousMessage before you make it faster. 事件说明:Event_Signature 先求清楚后求快 Make it clear 守卫条件:Guard_Condition before you make it faster. 动作表达式:Action_Expression 求快不忘保持程序正确 Keep it 发送子句:Send_Clause right when you make it faster. 时序图:Sequence Diagram 保持程序简单以求快 Keep it 协作图:Collaboration Diagrsimplam e to make it faster. 前缀:Predecessor 书写清楚，不要为“效率”牺牲清循环子句:Iteration-Clause 楚 Write clearly-don't sacrifice 活动图:Activity Diagram clarity for "efficiency"构件图:Component Diagram 文档化:Code Documentation 配置图:Deployment Diagram 内部文档编制:Internal 建模过程指导(RUP):Rational Documentation Unified Process 序言:Prologue可执行代码:Executalbe Codes用户友善: User Friendly 实现:Implementation 纠错:Debugging编码风格:Coding Style 测试用例:Test Case 标准:Classical 穷举测试:Exhaustive Testing 控制流的直线性:Linearity of 选择测试:Selective Testing Control Flow 静态分析:Static Analysis黑盒测试:Black Box Testing 高级测试:Higher order Testing不可达的:Unreachable 白盒测试:White Box Testing等价分类:Equivalenc办公桌检查e :Desk Check Partioning 走查:Walk-Through 边界值分析法:Boundary Value代码会审: Code Inspection Analysis 测试驱动模块:Test Driver 所谓猜错:Error Guessing 测试桩模块:Test Stub 因果图:Cause-Effect Graph 群:Cluster逻辑覆盖测试法:Logic Cover混合方式测age 试:Sandwich Testing Testing 渐增式测试:Incremental 试凑:Trial and Error Testing回溯:Back Tracking 非渐增式:Non-Incremental 病因排除法:Cause Eliminatio配置复审:n Configuration Review 测试纠错:Debugging by Testing 测试终止标准:Test Completion 蛮力纠错技术:Debugging by Criteria Brute Force 基于线程的测试:Thread-Based 回归测试:Regression Testing Testing单元测试:Unit Testing 基于使用:Use-Based综合测试:Integration Testing 基于构件的软件开发:确认测试: Validation Testing Component Based Software 系统测试:System TestingDevelopment ,CBSD 模块测试:Module Testing 领域工程:Domain Engineering 需求规约:Requirements Maintenance预防性维护:Preventive Specification变体:Variant Maintenance组件对象模型，COM:Componet 结构化的翻新:Structured Object Model Retrofit对象链接与嵌入:Object Linki可维护性:ng Maintainability and Embedding 可理解性:Understandability 公共对象请求代理体系结构，可修改性:Modifiability CORBA:Common Object Reque可测试性st :Testability Broker Architecture 调用图:Call Graph枚举分类:Enumerater交差引用表 :Cross-Reference Classification Directory呈面分类:Faceted Classification 数据封装技术:Data 属性-值分类:Attribute-ValueEncap sulationClassification 维护申请单MRF:Maintenance 应用系统工程，ASE:ApplicatioRequen st FormSystem Engineering 软件问题报告单SPR:Software 完善性维护:Perfective Problem ReportMaintenance 软件修改报告单SCR: Software 适应性维护:Adaptive Change ReportMaintenance 修改控制组CCB:Change Control 纠错性维护:CorrectiveBoard 软件配置:Software Configuration 估算模型:Estimation Model资源模型:Resource Model 版本控制库:Version ControlLibrary 构造性成本模型:Constructive 活动比:Activity Ratio cost Model 工作量调节因子EAF:Effor组织:t OrganicAdjustment Factor 半独立:Semidetached 软件再工程:Software 嵌入:EmbededReengineering 算法模型:Algorithmic Model 逆向工程:ReverseEngineering 分类活动结构图WBS:Work 重构:Restructure Breakdown Structure 演化性:Evolvability 人员,时间权衡定律问题定义:Problem DefinitionPeople-Time Trade-Off Law 系统目标与范围的说明:无我小组:Egoless Team Statement of Scope and Objectives主程序员小组: 可行性研究:Feasibility StudyChief -Programmer Team 系统流程图:System Flowchart PERT:Program Evaluation and 成本,效益分析:Cost-Benifit Review Technique Analysis 关键路径:Critical Path 风险识别:Risk Identification 知识产权:Intellectual Property 风险预测:Risk Projection 靠质量来管理:Management by 风险估计:Risk Estimation Measurement风险评价:Risk Assessment 质量保证:Quality Assurance质量认证: Quality Certification 交互操作性:Interoperability验证与确认:Verification and 质量检验:Quality Inspection全面质量管理TQC:Total QualiValidty ation ,V&V Control 基线:Baselines 质量体系:Quality System 平均故障时间:Mean Time To 计划-实施-检查-措Failure ,MTTF 施 Plan-Do-Check-Action 错误传入:Error Seeding 合格论证:Conformity冗余: Redundancy Certification 容错:Fault Tolerance 可靠性:Reliability 公理化归纳断言法:Axio-Matic 效率:Efficiency InductiveAssertion 运行工程:Human Engineering 循环不变式:Loop Invariant 正确性:Correctness 能力成熟度模型:Capability 使用性:Usability Maturity Model 完整性:Integrity 关键过程域:Key Process 可理解性:Understandability Area ,KPA可测试性:Testability 关键实践:Key Practice 可修改性:Modifiability 初始级:Initial可移植性:Portability 可重复级:Repeatable 可维护性:Maintainability 已定义级:Defined可适应性:Flexibility 已管理级:Managed可重用性:Reusability 优化级:Optimizing主任评估师:Lead Assessor Factor 技术复杂性因子测度:Measurement 极值程序设计:ExtremeProgramming 最终用户:End-User; 自适应软件开发:Adaptive 计算机辅助软件工程Software Development CASE:Computer Aided Software 轻载:Light weight Engineering重载:Heavy Weight 拉出:pull-out 返工:Rework 下拉: pull-down 进度:Schedule 一致性:Unification自动化:Automation 时间:Duration 过程模型:Process Model软件开发环境SDE:Software 成本:Cost Development Environment软件设计支持环境PSE:Programming 代码行LOC:Lines of Code Support Environment集成化项目支持IPSE:Integrated 面向功能:Function-Oriented Project Support Environment集成化框架:Integration Framework 面向规模: Size-Oriented 质量从头抓起:Quality from Beginning 功能点:Function Points 缺陷:Defect 权系数:Weighting Coefficient 变更请求:Change Request 用户输入:User Input 功能扩充:Enhancement 用户输出: User Output Request 用户查询: User Inquirty主文件处理:Master File外部界面:External InterfaceTCF:Technical Complexity。
