multiple choices

第一部分实用英语语法专项训练第一章名词和名词词组（含名词属格）I. Multiple choices.Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section, each of which is supplied with four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to choose the one answer that best complete the sentence.1. The room was small and contained far too _____.A. many new furnitureB. much new furnitureC. many new furnituresD. much new furnitures2. The department purchased_____ to improve the working conditions there.A. a new equipmentB. a new piece of equipmentC. new equipmentsD. new pieces of equipments3. In the United States, presidential elections are held once _____.A. every four yearB. every four yearsC. four every yearD. four every years4. At least we are required to write five_____ every year.A. thesesB. thesisC. thesisesD. pieces of thesis5. A hammer_____ a means of driving a nail.A. wasB. isC. areD. were6. He has given a series of _____ of his loyalty and sincerity.A. proofB. proovesC. proofsD. proofes7. He was eager to make some extra money, since during these years he could hardly live onhis _____.A. wagesB. little wageC. wageD. few wage8. The police _____ the house attempting to find some traces of the questioned.A. is searchingB. searchC. searchingD. searches9. After ten years, all these youngsters became _____.A. growns-upsB. growns-upC. grown-upD. grown-ups10. All the _____ got a rise last month without any expectation.A. woman doctorsB. women doctorsC. women doctorD. woman doctor11. The police put the criminal _____.A. in a ironB. into a ironC. in ironsD. into a pair of iron12. Some _____ from the countryside want to find jobs in the city.A. youthB. youthsC. a youthD. the youth13. Ten years have passed, I found my mother had_____.A. a little white hairB. a few white hairsC. much white hairD. some white hair14. ―Did _____ go to the party?‖A. many John friendsB. many John‘s friendC. many of John‘s friendsD. many friends of John15. This shop sells_____ and sometimes other fashionable things.A. men‘s clothingB. man clothesC. clothing of menD. man‘s clothing16. _____ receives only a small portion of the total amount of the sun‘s energy.A. The surface of the earthB. The earth‘s surfaceC. The earth surfaceD.The surface earth17. ―What can I do for you?‖ ―I want _____.‖A. two dollar‘s worth of candyB. two dollars‘ worth of candyC. dollars worth of candyD. two dollars-worth candy18. Numerous materials are available to _____.A. today of designersB. today‘s of designersC. today‘s designersD. today designers19. John has a _____ daughter.A. five-years-oldB. five-year oldC. five year oldD. five-year-old20. I had my hair made at _____ near the department store.A. the barberB. the barbersC. the barber‘sD. the barbers‘II. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong.21. His arguments, comparatively speaking, have a firm basis.A B C D22．He was employed as a consultant on the base of three weeks.A B C D23. They designed a new type of TV device.A B C D24. There are so many convenient kitchen sets in this specialty.A B C D25. The harvest to the crops was serious because of the storm.A B C D26. He invested his money in stocks at an adventure.A B C D27. They have got everything ready for the three day‘s voyage in the mountains.A B C D28. When the couple went to the party, they were in their best clothing.A B C D29. Several articles of clothes were found in the suitcase.A B C D30. Our university received a gift of a million dollars.A B C DIII. Give the plural of :31. sit-in 32. clothes hanger33. woman driver rmation office35. gentleman farmer 36. saving bank37. evening dress 38. great aunt39. take-off 40. passer-byIV. Fill in the blanks with the cues in the brackets, using a countable or uncountable noun in its proper number.41. They grow their own _____. (carrot)42. Good stew(炖菜) must contain _____.(carrot)43. _____is refreshing in summer. (beer)44. They had two _____.(beer)45. Rich men live in _____.(luxury)46. A refrigerator is _____here. (luxury)47. _____travels faster than sound. (light)48. Do you have _____ in the corridor? (light)49. _____ is its own reward. (virtue)50. Her _____ were well-known. (virtue)【参考答案与解析】I. Multiple choices.1.【B】furniture 是表总称的物质名词（也有的书称为集合名词），没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词连用，含义上永远是单数。

1. When there is rapid inflation,A) growth in nominal GDP exceeds growth in real GDP.B) growth in real GDP exceeds growth in nominal GDP.C) growth in real GDP and nominal GDP are roughly equal.D) there can never be any growth in nominal GDP.2.The three approaches to measuring GDP are called theA) accounting approach, the income approach, and the expenditure approach.B) product approach, the cost approach, and the expenditure approach.C) product approach, the income approach, and the expenditure approach.D) accounting approach, the statistical approach, and the income approach.3.Jim's Nursery produces and sells $1100 worth of flowers. Jim uses no intermediate inputs. He pays his workers $700 in wages, pays $100 in taxes and pays $200 in interest on a loan. Jim's contribution to GDP isA) $900.B) $1000.C) $1100.D) $1800.4. Suppose that GDP is equal to 1000, national saving is equal to 200, the current account deficit is equal to 100, and the government budget deficit is equal to 50. Private savings must equalA) 150.B) 200.C) 250.D) 300.5.The value of a producer's output minus the value of all intermediate goods used in the production of that output is called the producer'sA) net output.B) accounting profit.C) value added.D) profit margin.6. The defining feature of business cycles is that theyA) are inherently bad.B) represent the underlying trend of real GDP in the economy.C) are fluctuations about trend in real GDP.D) measure prospects for future growth in the economy.7. A lagging variable can be recognized by the fact thatA) its persistence is smaller than that of GDP.B) its turning points happen before the turning points of GDP.C) the turning points of GDP happen before its turning points.D) its persistence is larger than that of GDP.8. Value added is equal to the value of a firm's production minusA) all of its costs of production.B) labor costs.C) investment expenditures.D) intermediate goods used in production.9. The expenditure components of GDP include all of the following exceptA) consumption.B) investment.C) government spending on goods and services.D) the sum of government spending on goods and services, transfer payments, and interest on the national debt.10.The income-expenditure identity is best paraphrased asA) all spending generates income.B) all profits are used for investment spending.C) on average, consumers cannot save.D) on average, government can spend no more than what it collects in income taxes.11. If real GDP grows faster than nominal GDP, it is a sign thatA) inflation is negative.B) there is no inflationC) there is inflation, but little.D) there is galloping inflation.12. A dynamic decision is one thatA) is made very quickly.B) involves only the present.C) involves only the future.D) involves planning over more than one time period.13. The consumer's work-leisure choice problem focuses on how a consumer's work-leisure decision is affected by the consumer'sA) preferences and productivity.B) productivity and psychology.C) psychology and preferences.D) preferences and constraints.14. When the representative firm maximizes profits,A) it sells as much as possible.B) the wage equals average labor productivity.C) the wage equals marginal labor productivity.D) business taxes must be zero.15. Goods and services provided by the government are calledA) government goods.B) public goods.C) free goods.D) social goods.16. In an economic model, an endogenous variable isA) a stand-in for more complicated variables.B) determined by the model itself.C) determined outside the model.D) a variable that has no effect on the workings of the model.17. In a one-period model, government is likely to runA) a deficit but not a surplus.B) a surplus but not a deficit.C) either a surplus or a deficit.D) neither a surplus nor a deficit.18. When the tax rate increases, the tax revenueA) always increases.B) does not change.C) always decreases.D) may increase or decrease.19. The simplest device to analyze dynamic decisions is aA) one-period model.B) two-period model.C) model that includes only the number of years of a typical consumer's lifetime.D) continuous time model.20. Savings in two-period model areA) durable consumption.B) non-durable consumption.C) postponed consumption.D) money.21. If the interest rate increases, lifetime wealth (we)A) increases.B) stays constant.C) decreases.D) changes in an ambiguous way.22. A permanent increase in income today leads toA) a small increase in current consumption.B) a large increase in current consumption.C) a small decrease in future consumption.D) a large decrease in future consumption.23. The Ricardian equivalence implies thatA) the level of government spending has no impact.B) the level of taxes has no impact.C) the distribution of government expenses though time has no impact.D) the distribution of taxes through time has no impact.24. The marginal propensity to consume out of incomeA) is larger than one.B) is equal to one.C) is smaller than one.D) varies around one.25. The most distinguishing economic feature of money is itsA) medium of exchange role.B) store of value role.C) unit of account role.D) standard of deferred payment role.26. Which of the following is included in M2, but not in M1?A) currency (outside the U.S. Treasury, the Federal Reserve, and the vaults of depository institutions)B) travelers' checksC) demand depositsD) savings deposits27. The condition, MRS l,C = w, describes the representative consumer'sA) investment decision.B) consumption - savings decision.C) current period work - leisure decision.D) future period work - leisure decision.28. Positive correlation between x and y implies thatA) when x is high, y is high.B) when x is high, y is low.C) when x is zero, y is positive.D) x and y are positively unrelated.29. If real GDP helps to predict the path of a particular macroeconomic variable, it is said to be aA) conventional variable.B) coincident variable.C) leading variable.D) lagging variable.30. The expenditure components of GDP include all of the following exceptA) consumption.B) investment.C) net exports.D) net factor payments.31. Real GDP values current production atA) current year prices.B) the best estimate of next year's prices.C) the average of price levels over the entire sample period.D) base year prices.32. The real wage denotesA) the number of units of consumption goods that can be exchanged for one unit of labor time.B) the number of units of labor time that can be exchanged for one unit of consumption goods.C) the number of units of labor time that can be exchanged for one unit of leisure time.D) the number of units of leisure time that can be exchanged for one unit of labor time.33. In a one-period economyA) consumption equals disposable income.B) consumption equals disposable income plus the value of non-market work.C) savings is always positive.D) consumers may increase their consumption by borrowing.34. The defining feature of business cycles is that they areA) changes in the trend component of real GDP.B) fluctuations about trend in real GDP.C) fluctuations about trend in the unemployment rate.D) fluctuations about trend in the level of employment.35. Predicting business cycles is difficult becauseA) they are very persistent.B) the weather changes unpredictably.C) statistics lie.D) their frequency is irregular.36. At the optimal consumption bundle, the marginal rate of substitution of leisure for consumption is equal toA) the real wage and the budget line is tangent to an indifference curve.B) minus the real wage and the budget line is tangent to the indifference curve.C) the real wage and the budget line intersects the indifference curve.D) minus the real wage and the budget line intersects the indifference curve.37. An increase in the real wageA) represents a pure substitution effect.B) represents a pure income effect.C) represents a combination of income and substitution effects.D) causes a parallel shift in the consumer's budget line.38. As the quantity of labor increases, the marginal product of laborA) is constant.B) increases.C) decreases.D) may either increase or decrease.39. If a macroeconomic variable tends to aid in predicting the future path of real GDP, it is said to be aA) convenient variable.B) coincident variable.C) leading variable.D) lagging variable.40. A static decision is one thatA) is made very slowly.B) involves planning over one time period.C) involves planning over exactly two time periods.D) involves planning over more than one time period.41. Which of the following relationships does not hold in the one-period model?A) G=TB) Y=C+GC) Y=zF(K,N)D) π=Y-wN-C42. Points on the production possibilities frontier have the property that theyA) are inherently unattainable.B) show the maximum amount of leisure that can be consumed for given amounts of goods consumed.C) show the maximum amount of goods that can be consumed for given amounts of government spending.D) show the maximum amount of leisure that can be consumed for given amounts of hours worked.43. In macroeconomic analysis, the representative consumerA) denotes the consumer with the average amount of income.B) plays the role of a stand-in for all consumers in the economy.C) is the consumer who bargains with firms for all workers in the economy.D) is always a misleading fiction.44. When the representative firm maximizes profitsA) production is at its maximum.B) the slope of the production function is at its flattest.C) labor costs are minimized.D) the marginal product of labor equals the wage.45. In an economic model, an exogenous variable isA) a stand-in for more complicated variables.B) determined by the model itself.C) determined outside the model.D) a variable that has no effect on the workings of the model.46. In a one-period economic model, the government budget constraint requires that government spendingA) = taxes + transfers.B) = taxes + borrowing.C) > 0.D) = taxes.47. A competitive equilibrium is Pareto optimal if there is no way to rearrange or to reallocate goods so thatA) anyone can be made better off.B) no one can be made worse off.C) someone can be made better off without making someone else worse off.D) someone can be made better off without making everyone else worse off.48. The Laffer curve is a curve showingA) output as a function of the tax rate.B) tax revenue as a function of the tax rate.C) government expenses as a function of how liberal the government is.D) the tax rate as a function of government expenses.49. Consumption smoothing refers toA) the tendency of all consumers to choose the same amount of current consumption.B) the tendency of consumers to seek a consumption path over time that is smoother than income.C) the tendency of consumers to seek an income path over time that is smoother than consumption.D) consumer's concerns about going heavily into debt.50. If the interest rate increases, lifetime wealth (we)A) increases.B) stays constant.C) decreases.D) changes in an ambiguous way.51. An increase in first-period income results inA) an increase in first-period consumption, an increase in second-period consumption, and an increase in saving.B) an increase in first-period consumption, a decrease in second-period consumption, and an increase in saving.C) a decrease in first-period consumption, an increase in second-period consumption, and an increase in saving.D) an increase in first-period consumption, an increase in second-period consumption, and a decrease in saving.52. An increase in lifetime wealth is likely toA) increase current labor supply and increase current consumption demand.B) increase current labor supply and decrease current consumption demand.C) decrease current labor supply and increase current consumption demand.D) decrease current labor supply and decrease current consumption demand.53. The most distinguishing economic feature of money is itsA) medium of exchange role.B) store of value role.C) unit of account role.D) standard of deferred payment role.54. Going from M0 to M1 and to M2, what is the principle?A) from household money demand to firm money demandB) from illiquid to liquidC) from most usable to least usable for transaction purposesD) from most usable to least usable as a store of value55. The Fisher relationship may be described by the following equation in which R is the nominal rate of interest, r is the real rate of interest, and i is the inflation rate.A) i = r + RB) 1 + i =(1+r)/(1+R)C) 1 + r =(1+i)/(1+R)D) 1 + r =(1+R)/(1+i)56. With a higher nominal interest rate, households willA) use more money and more banking services.B) use more money and less banking services.C) use less money and more banking services.D) use less money and less banking services.57. A competitive equilibrium has all of the following properties exceptA) MPN = slope of PPF.B) MRSl,C = MRTl,C.C) MRTl,C = MPN.D) MPN = w.58. An increase in total factor productivityA) increases consumption, increases output, and increases the real wage.B) reduces consumption, increases output, and increases the real wage.C) reduces consumption, increases output and reduces the real wage.D) reduces consumption, reduces output, and reduces the real wage.59. We use a two-period model becauseA) the business cycle has two phases: contraction and recovery.B) it is the simplest dynamic model.C) we want to make a distinction between young and old households.D) this is the horizon of the politicians that formulate policy.60. A one-period bond is a promise to repayA) 1/(1+r) units of goods in the second period.B) r units of goods in the second period.C) (1 + r) units of goods in the second period.D) the original amount lent.。

Chapter 5 Syntax 句法I. Multiple Choices:1.D. Immediate Constituent2. B. semantic3. A. concord4. A. the future is not expressed by morphological change5. D. substitutability6. C. co-occurrence7. B. Predicate 8.B. syntactic 9. C. self-control10. D. Government 11. D. coordinateII. Fill in the blanks with the most suitable words:1. Cohesion refers to ties and connections which exist within texts. They are also called formal links between sentences and between clauses.2. A sentence structure that is made up of layers of word groups is called a hierarchical structure.3. Sentences are traditionally assumed to be made up of words in _linear___ direction.4. Provide linguistic terms for the following descriptions.1) a type of relation holding with each other at aparticular place in a structure:2) an operation that moves a phrase category from its original position generated byPS rules to another within a structure: transformation3) the branch of linguistics which studies the rules governing the combination ofwords into sentences: syntaxIII. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false in the bracket before each of them:T 1. It is characteristic of Halliday’s theory that more attention is paid to paradigmatic relations than to syntagmatic relations, which is the main concern of Chomsky.F2. Tense and aspect are two important categories of the verb, and they were separated in traditional grammar. (they were not separated in traditional grammar)F 3. Paradigmatic relation in syntax is alternatively called horizontal relation.(Paradigmatic relation is also called vertical relation; horizontal relation is a term for syntagmatic relation.)T 4. All human languages utilize a finite set of discrete units to form an infinite set of possible sentences.F 5. The English sentence "If only I could fly!" is in imperative mood. subjunctivemoodF 6. GOVERNMENT may be defined as the requirement that the form of two or morewords in a syntactic relationship should agree with each other. concordT 7. The SYNTAGMATIC RELATION is a relation between one item and others in a sequence, or between elements which are all present.T 8. The deep structure may be defined the abstract representation of the syntactic properties of a construction, i.e. the underlying level of structural relations between its different constituents, such as the relation between the underlying subject and its verbs, or a verb and its object.F 9. Categorization is the process of classifying our experiences into same categoriesbased on commonalities and differences. As a major ingredient in the creation of human knowledge, it allows us to relate present experiences to past ones.different categoriesF 10. The syntagmatic relation is also known as vertical relation. horizontal relationF 11. "Singing an English song" is an exocentric construction. endocentricconstructionT 12. Single words and clauses can both be constituents.IV. Define the following terms:1. IC analysisIC analysis. IC analysis (immediate constituent analysis) refers to the analysis of a sentence in terms of its immediate constituents ---- word groups ( or phrases), which are in turn analyzed into the immediate constituents of their own, and the process goes on until the ultimate constituents are reached. In practice, for the sake of convenience, we usually stop at the level of word.2. paradigmatic relationparadigmatic relation: Saussure originally called associative, is a relation holding between elements replaceable with each other at a particular place in a structure, or between one element present and the others absent.3. Lexical ambiguityLexical ambiguity: It refers to ambiguity explained by reference to lexical meanings. For example, “I went to the bank” is lexically ambiguous in the sense that “bank” in this sentence could refer to a business establishment or a slop of landing adjoining a river.4. Grammatical ambiguityGrammatical ambiguity: Grammatical ambiguity occurs when the grammatical structure of a sentence allows two different interpretations, each of which gives rise toa different meaning.5. Concord (or: Agreement)Concord (or: Agreement) could be defined as the requirement that the forms of two or more words in a syntactic relationship should agree with each other in terms of some categories. For example, in English the determiner and the noun it precedes should concord in number as in “this man”, “these men”; “book”, “same books”.6. endocentric constructionEndocentric construction is one kind of syntactic constructions whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable centre or head. An endocentric construction is also known as a headed construction, for example, in the noun phrase “all these last few days”, days is the head. And this phrase is an endocentric construction.V. Questions:1. What is the aim of IC analysis? Make an IC analysis of the following sentence bymeans of either brackets or a tree diagram.北外2010My brother said Mary liked the handbag.The aim of IC analysis is to discover and demonstrate the interrelationships of the words in a linguistic structure—the sentence or the word-combination. The IC analysis views the sentence not just as a linear sequence of elements but as sequence made up of “layers”of immediate constituents, each lower-level constituent being part of a higher-level constituent.Though IC analysis, the internal structure of a sentence may be demonstrated clearly and ambiguities, if any, will be revealed.We can analyze the sentence like this:SNP VPVSˈNP VPN V NPDet N Det NMy mother said Mary liked the handbag. OrMy mother said Mary liked the handbag. 2. Why did Chomsky make the distinction between Deep and Surface structures?人大2006In generative grammar, deep structure is the abstract syntactic representation of a sentence, the underlying level of structural organization which specifies all the factors governing the way the sentence should be interpreted. On the other hand, surface structure is the final stage in the syntactic representation of a sentence, which provides the input to the phonological component of the grammar, and which thus most closely corresponds to the structure we articulate and hear.According to Chomsky, it is necessary to make the distinction, since it is helpful to differentiate and analyze syntactic structures such as "John is easy to please" and"John is eager to please", and also to disambiguate structures like "the shooting of the hunters". More importantly, it reflects two of the stages of how the language is processed through the generative grammar: the deep structure, which is an underlying structure, has to be transformed to the surface structure via a set of transformational rules.3.Try to identify the possible paradigmatic relation between any items in thefollowing poem by Lu Xun (i.e. tell if there is such a relation between which and which items).岂有豪情似旧时，花开花落两由之。

1.The Greek myths and legends are known today primarily from____.A. Greek literatureB. Greek chronologyC. Homer’s poemsD. Greek Theology (神谱)2. The myths deal with ____.A. the creation of the gods and the worldB. the struggle among the gods for supremacy and the triumph of ZeusC. the love affairs and quarrels of the godsD. the effects of their adventures and powers on the mortal worldE. all of the above3. ____ is not among the great stories of Greek mythology and legend.A. the Trojan WarB. the tragedy of OedipusC. Jason's search for the Golden FleeceD. Hera’s persecution of Zeus’s lovers4. ____are not the principle figures in Greek mythology.A. GodsB. MortalsC. HeroesD. Vampires5. In Greek mythology, ____was the formless primeval emptiness of the universe before things came into being.A. ChaosB. ChaoticC. ErebusD. Gaea6. In Greek mythology heroes are ____.A. HumansB. living in the heavenC. immortalD. mortal7. ____is god of darkness.A. ErebusB. NyxC. TartarusD. Uranus8. ____is god of ocean.A. OceanusB. GaeaC. the TitansD. Uranus9. ____ is goddess of earth.A. GaeaB. NyxC. HeraD. Aphrodite10. Uranus and Gaea had twelve children known as____.A. TantalusB. the TitansC. PelopsD. Cyclops11. Zeus was then brought up by the ____in the island of Crete.A. nymphsB. Metis, daughter of OceanusC. Rhea, his motherD. his grandmother Gaea12. ____is the lord of the underworld in Greek mythology.A. CronusB. PoseidonC. HadesD. Pluto13. The Olympians refers to the____ major gods and goddesses dwelling on Mount Olympus.A. 10B. 12C. 13D. 2014. ____was called the father of both gods and men.A. CronusB. ZeusC. GodD. Jesus15. ____ is NOT the offspring of Zeus.A. DaphneB. HelenC. ArtemisD. Persephone16. ____ was also the goddess of marriage and family.A. RheaB. HeraC. IoD. Artemis17. The underworld was divided into two regions: Erebus, where the dead pass as soon as they die, and____, the deeper region, where the Titans had been imprisoned.A. HypnosB. ThanatosC. abyssD. Tartarus18. ____was the goddess of war, wisdom and handicraft.A. AthenaB. MetisC. AresD. Attica19. Aphrodite was the goddess of love and beauty. The Greek word “aphros” means____.A. foamB. scallopC. surfD. blood20. Apollo was the sun god, his forename “phoebus”means____.A.brightB. sunshineC. musicD. oracle21. ____ was the messenger of gods, also the god of thieves and traders.A. HephaestusB. HermesC. AtlasD. Hestia22. Dionysus was the god of____.A. wine and ecstasyB. alcohol and carnivalC. the resurrection of the deadD. madly drunkard23. ____ , an epic poem attributed to Greek poet Homer, tells the story of the Trojan War.A. The IliadB. OdysseyC. UlyssesD. Helen of Troy24. ____ was doomed that he would kill his father and marry his mother.A. LaiusB. PolynicesC. OedipusD. Daedalus25. The Olympics date back to ____.A. 776 BCB. the 12th century BCC. 1896 BCD. the 4th century AD26. Originally, the Olympics was confined to ____.A. runningB. joggingC. wrestlingD. chariot racing27. ____from the start had an indirect role in the festivities, since the winners were always lauded with garlands of laurel.A. ZeusB. ApolloC. PoseidonD. Daphne28.The idiom “Pandora’s box” means ____.A. the fountainhead of all evils.B. source of plaguesC. human’s hopeD. fatal temptation29. “Tantalus’s torture” means ____.A. permanent frustrationB. permanent hungerC. eternal thirstD. torture from God30. “Sisyphean task” suggests ____.A. pushing a huge stone up a hillB. everlasting fruitless hard laborC. harsh punishmentD. betraying Zeus31. “The golden apple” or “the apple of discord” involves the goddesses ____.A. Eris, Aphrodite, Hera, and AthenaB. Aphrodite, Hera, Athena, and HelenC. Aphrodite, Hera, Athena, and CassandraD. Eris, Aphrodite, Hera, and Artemis32. “____heel” refers to the only part of the body that remains vulner able.A. Achilles’sB. Ache lles’sC. Achiles’sD. Achilli s’s33.The metaphorical meaning of the idiom ____ is the mystical person or thing that is hard to be understood.A. “The prophecies of Cassandra”B. “Labyrint h”C.“Cretan maze”D. “Sphinx riddle”。

双重选择的英语作文Title: The Dilemma of Dual Choices。

In the realm of decision-making, navigating between two equally compelling options often presents a challenging conundrum. This dilemma, commonly referred to as the "double-edged sword" or the "dual-choice dilemma," entails weighing the pros and cons of each alternative before arriving at a final decision. In this essay, we delve into the complexities inherent in such situations and explore strategies to effectively tackle them.To begin with, dual choices can arise in various facets of life, ranging from personal matters to professional endeavors. Whether it's choosing between two job offers, two academic paths, or even two potential life partners, individuals often find themselves at crossroads, uncertain of the most optimal path forward. This uncertainty stems from the inherent trade-offs associated with each option, as well as the fear of making the wrong decision and facingpotential regret in the future.One of the primary challenges of confronting dual choices is the fear of missing out (FOMO) on the benefits offered by the alternative not chosen. This phenomenon, exacerbated by the pervasive influence of social media and societal pressure, can induce anxiety and indecision. Moreover, the cognitive overload resulting from the need to thoroughly evaluate each option's merits and drawbacks can further exacerbate the dilemma, leading to decision paralysis.In addressing the dilemma of dual choices, it is imperative to adopt a systematic approach that incorporates both rational analysis and intuitive judgment. Firstly, one should conduct a comprehensive assessment of the available options, considering factors such as long-term consequences, personal values, and short-term objectives. This entails creating a pros and cons list for each alternative and assigning weights to different criteria based on their relative importance.Furthermore, seeking advice from trusted mentors, friends, or family members can provide valuable insights and perspectives that may not have been consideredinitially. However, it is essential to maintain autonomy over the decision-making process and not solely rely on external opinions, as ultimately, the consequences of the decision will be borne by the individual making the choice.Additionally, practicing mindfulness and introspection can help individuals tune into their inner wisdom and discern the option that resonates most authentically with their values and aspirations. Engaging in activities such as meditation, journaling, or contemplative walks canfoster clarity of thought and facilitate a deeper understanding of one's priorities and desires.Moreover, reframing the perception of dual choices as opportunities for growth and self-discovery can alleviate the anxiety associated with making decisions. Viewing each option as a stepping stone towards personal and professional development can imbue the decision-making process with a sense of empowerment and purpose.In conclusion, the dilemma of dual choices is an inherent aspect of the human experience, requiring careful deliberation and introspection to navigate effectively. By adopting a systematic approach that integrates rational analysis, intuitive judgment, and mindfulness, individuals can confront dual choices with confidence and clarity. Ultimately, embracing the uncertainty inherent in decision-making and viewing it as an avenue for growth can transform dilemmas into opportunities for self-discovery and fulfillment.。

Multiple Choices 21. It’s _____ best to make _____ friends with those who are honest. A: the; 不填 B. 不填; 不填 C. 不填; the D. the; the 22. If one has no _____, there is little possibility that he can achieve success. A. coincidence B. convenience C. confidence D. circumstance 23. Whatever you do, devote yourself to it _____ you’ll make it sooner or later. A. or B. so C. but D. and 24. Jane is so _____. She always says what she thinks directly. A: outspoken B. awkward C. modest D. secretive 25. —Don’t _____ me while I am speaking. -----Sorry, but I’ve got something urgent to tell you. A: discourage B. tease C. disappoint D. interrupt 26. —Is English easy _____? —Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. A: learning B. to learn C. to be learnt D. learnt 27. She was so absent-minded while typing that she _____ the entire second paragraph. A. gave out B. found out C. put out D. left out 28. —Sorry, I am late. —Why, you _____ to the company today, for it is Sunday. A. couldn’t have come B. needn’t have come C. wouldn’t come D. couldn’t come 29. Mr. Li forgot to lock the door; _____, his TV set was stolen by a thief. A. in addition B. in a nutshell C. in advance D. as a consequence 30. What’s the matter, Sarah? You look sad today. What can I do to _____? A. cheer you up B. give you up C. put you up D. pick you up 31. Oh, I’m sorry, I misunderstood you, _____ I should make an apology. A: whom B. which C. for whom D. for which 32. _____ we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few. A. Since B. If C. While D. As 33. She is sensitive to what people think of her. Do be _____ not to offend her feelings. A. cautious B. anxious C. curious D. serious 34. —The box is too heavy. Will you please _____ me a favour? —Yes, with pleasure. A. give B. make C. do D. ask 35. —Let’s go to play football, shall we? —_____ This is what I wanted to say. A. I’m sorry. B. So what? C. Why not? D. Well done! 36. —Tom wants to give you a ride. —He _____. My home is only five minutes’ walk from here. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 37. —Mr. Wang, I will fetch four chairs for the meeting. —You _____ fetch four; two will do. A: won’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 38. You _____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight. A. needn’t go B. had better not go C. should not go D. needn’t have gone 39. —I didn’t go to work today. —You _____; it’s Sunday today. A. mustn’t have B. didn’t need to C. can’t have D. needn’t have 40. It’s a wonderful way of visiting Italy, and it _____ very much. A. needn’t to cost B. doesn’t need cost C. needn’t cost D. doesn’t need costing 21. Without _____ doubt, the Internet is playing _____ important part in our daily life. A. 不填; 不填 B. the; 不填C. the; theD. 不填; an 22. The Ministry of Education announced that the _____ for all schools would include information technology. A: curriculum B. schedule C. certificate D. structure 23. —Parents should teach their children how to _____ themselves. —Yes, or they will do anything at will. A: behave B. believe C. help D. enjoy 24. The teacher gave the students such a maths problem _____ nobody worked out. A. as B. which C. that D. so 25. You can never be too careful while _____. Always wear your safety belt! A. drive B. to drive C. driving D. having driven 26. —I don’t know why Lily didn’t finish her home-work. —She _____ it, but her mother asked her to practise playing the piano all day. A. must have finished B. might finish C. ought to finish D. could have finished 27. Between the two trees _____ a hanging bed on which a boy is reading a fiction. A. is B. are C. has D. have 28. They sat on the beach side by side silently,their eyes _____ upon the sea. A. fixing B. to fix C. fixed D. having fixed 29. Cartoons _____ children because they are very interesting and their music sounds great. A. turn to B. lead to C. appeal to D. refer to 30. Lightning flashed and rain was pouring down. It looked as if the heaven _____ open. A. had been broken B. has been broken C. would be broken D. is broken 31. _____ whether to accept the offer or not, Mary turned to her close friend for advice. A. Not to know B. Not knowing C. Having not known D. Not knew 32. The newly-designed fishing tool is made of special material, _____ it possible for the end to bend freely. A. thus making B. it makes C. to make D. Makes 33. The peasant Zhu Zhiwen never dreams of there _____ a chance for him to become a superstar. A. being B. is C. to be D. been 34. It rained really heavily for a few days but _____ the river stayed within its banks in our area. A: utterly B. fortunately C. alertly D. definitely 35. —_____ It’s about 11 o’clock. —It was so late. I’ve got to catch the last bus. A. Look at the time! B. Give me a moment. C. See what I mean? D. I’m stuck. 36. The World Expo is like a big stage for cultural exchanges, ____ people closer to the rest of the world. A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. having brought 37. ____ on the Internet, many people often use “88” for “bye-bye”. A. When chat B. When chatting C. Chat D. To chat 38. The research is so designed that once____ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. to begin D. begun 39. ____ such a difficult problem, the manager doesn’t know what to do. A. Faced B. Facing C. To be faced D. Being faced 40. ____ the instructions carefully on the bottle,Mr. Yang took too many pills. A. Not read B. Not to read C. Not having read D. Having not read