Book I of the Analects

英语四六级翻译中国特色词汇四大名著《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms《西游记》 Journey to the West; Pilgrimage to the West《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Tales of the Water Margin《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions经典作品《史记》 Historical Records《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers 《山海经》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《孝经》 Book of Filial Piety《孙子兵法》 The Art of War《三字经》 The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio; Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio近现代佳作《围城》 Fortress Besieged《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q《吾国吾民》 My Country and My People《京华烟云》 Moment in Peking《骆驼祥子》 Rickshaw/James《茶馆》 Teahouse《边城》 The Border Town《倾城之恋》 Love in a Fallen City《十八春》 Eighteen Springs四书五经四书五经 The Four Books and The Five Classics1、四书 the Four Books《大学》 The Great Learning《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》 The Analects of Confucius《孟子》 The Mencius/The Works of Mencius2、五经 The Five Classics《春秋》 the Spring and Autumn Annals《诗经》 The Books of Songs;The Book of Odes《易经》(《周易》) I Ching; The Book of Changes《礼记》 The Book of Rites《尚书》 (《书经》) The Books of History传统节日十二生肖the twele Chinese zodiac signs本命年one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches传统节日traditional holidays春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month)清明节the Pure Brightness Festival / the Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th)端午节the Dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month)中秋节the Moon Festival / the Mid-Autumn Day (15th of the eight lunar month)重阳节the Double Ninth Day / the Aged Day天干地支阳历 solar calendar公历 Gregorian calendar阴历 lunar calendar天干 heavenly stem地支 earthly branch闰年 leap year二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms民间传说 folklores寓言 fable传说 legend神话 mythology古为今用,洋为中用 make the past serve the present and the foreign serve china赋诗 inscribe a poem对对联 matching an antithetical couplet中国瑰宝习武健身 practice martial art for fitness气功 qigong, deep breathing exercises篆刻 seal cutting upriteous工艺, 手艺 workmanship / craftsmanship卷轴 scroll蜡染 batik泥人 clay figure漆画 lacquer painting唐三彩 Trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝 cloisonné文房四宝 The four stationery treasures of the Chinese study --- a writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and paper戏剧文化皮影戏 shadow play; leather-silhouette show说书 story-telling叠罗汉 make a human pyramid折子戏 opera highlights踩高跷 stilt walk哑剧 pantomime; mime哑剧演员 pantomimist戏剧小品 skit马戏 circus show单口相声 monologue comic talk, standup comedy特技表演 stunt相声 witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk杂技 acrobatics京韵大鼓 the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment 秦腔 Shaanxi opera国粹术语生 (男性正面角色) male (the positive male role)旦 (女性正面角色) female (the positive female role)净 (性格鲜明的男性配角) a supporting male role with striking character丑 (幽默滑稽或反面角色) a clown or a negative role花脸 painted role歌舞喜剧 musical滑稽场面, 搞笑小噱头 shtick滑稽短剧 skit京剧人物脸谱 Peking Opera Mask汉语汉字 Chinese character单音节 single syllable汉语四声调 the four tones of Chinese characters阳平 level tone阴平 rising tone上声 falling-rising tone去声 falling tone五言绝句 five-character quatrain七言律诗 seven-character octave八股文 eight-part essay; stereotyped writing文化遗产重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts文物 cultural relics中国画 traditional Chinese painting书法 calligraphy水墨画 Chinese brush painting; ink and wash painting工笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting中国结 Chinese knot旗袍 Cheongsam中山装 Chinese tunic suit唐装 traditional Chinese garments (clothing)，Tang suit艺术词汇文人 men of letters雅士 refined scholars表演艺术 performing art现代流行艺术 popular art, pop art纯艺术 high art高雅艺术 refined art电影艺术 cinematographic art戏剧艺术 theatrical art才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies中国意念词(Chinesenesses) 八卦trigram 阴、阳yin, yang 道Dao(cf. logo) ’world) 江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traitse.g. You can’t control everything in a traits人在江湖，身不由己) ’world. (人在江湖，身不由己道Daoism(Taoism) 上火excessive internal heat 儒学Confucianism 红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology 世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia 开放kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world) 大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done 伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge 铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post 脱贫to shake off poverty; anti-poverty 治则兴，乱则衰Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline 中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)中国电信China Telecom 中国移动China Mobile 十五计划the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网Chinanet 三峡工程the Three Gorges Project 希望工程Project Hope京九铁路Beijing CKowloon Railway 扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project 温饱工程Decent-Life Project安居工程Economy Housing Project 扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign 西部大开发Go-West Campaign 中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)馄饨wonton锅贴guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷steamed twisted rolls套餐set meal盒饭box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐rice tofu魔芋豆腐konjak tofu米粉rice noodles冰糖葫芦a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 火锅chafing dish八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝glass noodles豆腐脑jellied bean curd中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Children’s Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节 Women’s Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节 Teachers’ Day五四青年节 Youth Day。

四书:(Four Books)《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Words of Mencius五经:(Five Classics)《诗经》The Book of Songs《书经》The Book of History《易经》The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《三国演义》Three Kingdoms or Romance of The Three Kingdoms《水浒传》The Water Margin or the Outlaws of the Marsh《西游记》Story of a Journey to the West or The Pilgrimage to the West 《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions or A Red-Chamber Dream《聊斋志异》Strange Stories from a Scholar's Studio《山海经》Mountain and Sea Classics《战国策》Stratagems of the Warring States《史记》Records of the Grand Historian《世纪新说》New sayings of the World《西厢记》Romance of the Western Chamber《醒世恒言》Stories to Awaken Men(觉醒者的故事)《喻世明言》Stories to Enlighten Men(开导者的故事)《警世通言》Stories to Warn Men (警告者的故事)《官场现形记》Exposure of the Official World(接触官方世界) 《本草纲目》Outline of Herb Medicine《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror(以史为镜《儒林外史》The Scholars《金瓶梅》the Golden Lotus《孙子兵法》Sun Tzu The Art Of War《道德经》Tao Te Ching《汉书》The History of the Han Dynasty《后汉书》The History of Latter Han《三国志》The History of the Three Kingdoms《二十年目睹之怪现状》Odd things witnessed over twenty years 《孽海花》A torn lily or flower in the vicious sea《老残游记》Travels of Lao Tsan or Travels of an Old Man 《孝经》Book of Filial Piety。

中国传统文化相关的英语读物以下是一些关于中国传统文化英语的读物推荐：1.Chinese Classics Series：《The Analects of Confucius》、《The Art of War》、《TheBook of Poetry》、《The Book of Changes》、《The Spring and Autumn Annals》、《The Doctrine of the Mean》、《The Rites of Zhou》、《The Rites of Spring》、《The Classic of Music》、《The Scroll of the Landlord》等。

2.Chinese Mythology Series：《Journey to the West》、《The Dream of the RedChamber》、《The Outlaws of the Marsh》、《The Water Margin》、《The Sword and the Rose》等。

3.Chinese Folklore Series：《Folk Songs of the Red Guards》、《Folk Novels of the RedGuards》、《Folk Tales of the Red Guards》、《Folk Customs of the Red Guards》、《Folk Beliefs of the Red Guards》等。

4.Chinese Cuisine Series：《The Chinese Cuisine》、《Chinese Cuisine：A CulturalJourney》等。

5.Chinese Philosophy Series：《Dao De Jing》、《Zhuangzi》、《Xunzi》等。

6.Chinese History Series：《The Cambridge History of China》、《A History of China》等。

24部中国名著的英文翻译《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio《论语》 Analects of Confucius《山海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers《围城》 A Surrounded City《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror《史记》 Shi Ji/ Historical Records四书(《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》）The Four Books (The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean,The Analects of Confucius, The Mencius)《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals《论语> THE ANALCETS OF CONFUCIUS《诗经> the book of odes《世说新语》 essays and criticism (shi shuo hsin yu)《封神演义》 the legend of deification《金瓶梅》 The golden lotus《西厢记》 The west chamber英语国家概况美国部分精讲系列Chapter 13chapter 13 geography 地理位置1.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American.Alaska northwestern Canada,and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州。

从《孔子与论语新论》看儒学翻译与海外英语儒学研究的理路资源。

库珀曼由此推定，孔子有自然性的哲学思想。

孔子认为“礼”的灵魂在于与人交往要自然。

库氏将儒家自然交往的思想与亚里士多德和尼采的思想相比较，认为伦理抉择在亚里士多德和尼采（Friedrich Wihelm Nietzsche）哲学中只是个人游戏，而在孔子哲学中则是多人游戏。

库氏说：“什么是自然？这个词暗示着行为上的自由自在，即行为者对自己的行为感到理所应当，舒适自如。

”自然的态度不仅在礼仪中是重要的，在政治上也有重要意义。

可见，库珀曼关于自然的一切论述实际上并非真正的孔子思想，而仅是一管之见。

值得注意的是，这种由误译引发的儒学讨论，在国际汉学界绝非仅仅发生在库珀曼身上。

如何对待这种现象，值得我们探讨。

五、比较哲学解读 [41]李耶理的《〈论语·里仁〉的存在主义解读》（“An Existentialist Reading of Book 4 of the Analects”）是从存在主义哲学角度对《论语·里仁》有关道、孝、死亡等伦理观念的解读。

虽然作者所引译文中有的意思不够准确，譬如“Of neighborhoods virtue is the m ost beautiful. Ifone does not choose to dwell in virtue， how could one be wise？”（《论语·里仁》“里仁为美，则不处仁，焉得知？”）但其对孔子思想的整体把握还是基本准确的。

李耶理认为，对经典的解读可以用原教旨主义（fundamentalism）人的方法，也可以将经典与现实联系在一起解读，以指导当下的生活之道。

他的解读方法是将以上两种方法结合，既尊重经典文本意义的历史性，看到其中的缺点，又力求发现对于人的生存有指导意义的东西。

首先，存在主义认为，好恶对于大多数人来说仅是反射式的反应而已。

而孔子认为“唯仁者能好人，能恶人”（《里仁》），仿佛只有仁者才能有好恶，因为只有他们的好恶，才是真正意义的好恶。

论语英文推荐信第一篇：英文论语读后感The Review of The Analects of ConfuciusDay DaytheGreat The Review of The Analects of ConfuciusThis winter holiday I read the book The Analects of Confucius, there are many important points about our daily life. As the saying goes, "We must fix ourselves before we can fix others" (己所不欲勿施于人) I learned how to deal with others.So I suggest you to read this book in the future, because it really can help you to make improvement. (不算题目一共60字 ) 中文翻译：论语读后感这个寒假我阅读了孔儿子的论语，论语中有许多我们日常生活中很重要的信條。

正如”己所不欲勿施于人”所说的－－样，我学会了怎样与别人相处。

所以我建议你在未来也能够读上一读这本书，因为它真的可以让你取得很大的进步。

莫道君行早更有早行人第二篇：于丹论语心得英文读后感When I finished reading this book Yu Dan' s Insights on”The Analects" , my heart was shake. It makes me realize the truth of Confucius. And it also makes me have new idea aboutwisdom,psychology and morality. The Analects of Confucius is a book which recorded the life of Confucius and his students. When I was a middle school student, I can' t understand the truth of Confucius. I only read" Is it not a pleasure, having learned something, to tryit out at due intervals? Is it not a joy to have like-minded friends come from afar?" ①But now Professor Yu Dan has her own idea in a modern way to get close between us and sage. In my opinion, Confucius is an ancient sage who is far away from us. But, Yu Dan professor makes us know that Confucius is a simple and peaceful teacher. As ProfessorYi Zhongtian said, Confucius still affects us since ancient times, but we shouldn' t think over in another way.②Now I have two opinions from Yu Dan' s Insights on”The Analects" . First, the rules of conduct.In modern life, our life is rich. But life style is quick and work is so hard. People seem to be more and more impetuous, the spiritual world is void. A lot of people' s mind is unbalanced and complaining. In fact, people' s life is short, how to make our life meaningful,do a real person? Yu Dan told us, if you want to let your own limited life become meaningfuI, you should get along with others content with the labor and offer to the society. Second,philosophy of life.④Not only work but also dealing with affairs, people want tofind a way to be responsible for themselves and others in Social Communications. The Master said,"Do not concern yourself with matters of goverment unless they are the responsibility of the office you are in."⑤It means that he who is not in a particular office has nothing to do with plans for administration of its duties.Not only doing work in this way but also getting along with。

2024年高考英语模拟题语法填空精选练习第一篇Over the 5,000 years of Chinese history, the Chinese dragon used to be a totem (图腾) . Gradually, it has evolved into animage____56____(represent) the spirit of the Chinese nation. According to reports, long was first translated to“dragon”____57____The Travel of Marco Polo. And in China’s Qing Dynasty, westerners translated long as “draco”, ____58____is Latin for “dragon”.Legend goes that the Chinese dragon can fly and has the magical power to control wind and rain, so can spurt (喷出) water from its mouth____59____(ensure) a good harvest with timely rainfall. To show their supreme power and dignity, emperors in ancient China always____60____(regard) themselves as “true dragons”.Across____61____land of China, ordinary people worship the dragon, whose images and names can be found in architectural structures or____62____(decorate), such as the Nine-dragon Wall and the Dragon Boat. There are many idioms____63____(relate) to the Chinese dragon, such as Hua Long Dian Jing, meaning “Pai nting the dragon to life”.Of all the 12 Chinese zodiac animals (生肖动物), the dragon is one of people’s favorites. When people name newborn babies, long isa____64____(frequent) selected character, especially for boys born in the Year of the Dragon, as it is hoped____65____they will grow as strong and energetic as a dragon.练习第二篇Confucius: The Famous Chinese PhilosopherIf we take a look back at history, there are a lot of people that have shaped the current civilization with____56____(they) ideas and teachings. Confucius was one of those amazing teachers and philosophers.The real spread of knowledge____57____(start) after his death when his students and followers passed on his teachings. One of his very famous books is The Analects (语录) of Confucius. His belief focuses on the____58____(significant) of having a good moral character and personal ethics. There is actually more depth tothis____59____it seems.The main values of Confucianism____60____(be) ancestor worship and human-centered virtues. You might have heard the famous saying: “Do not do unto others____61____you would not want others to do unto you.” That is the Golden Rule of Confucianism. Confucius believed that the government system should only be based on pure virtue rather than wealth. He was dedicatedto____62____(teach) people the method of virtuous living to have afulfilled life. He expected people____63____(realize) the importance of moral principles, self-cultivation (修养), and education. His teachings are being followed____64____(wide) in Chinese society even today. ____65____he passed on a long time ago, his sayings and teachings are still preserved in the book The Analects of Confucius up to this day.练习第三篇湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期末适应性考试英语Huazhao Festival has remained silent for centuries. However, the traditional festival closely____56____(connect) with spring is coming back to life because of people's intense enthusiasm fortraditional Chinese culture and a rising need for seasonal sightseeing tours.Huazhao Festival____57____(say) to be celebrated as the birthday of the flower goddess in every second month on the Chinese lunar calendar. Its origin can date____58____the period before the Qin Dynasty and was____59____(official) set as a festival during the Sui and Tang dynasties. During the Tang Dynasty, the festival____60____(fall) on the 15th day of the second lunar month. It was one of the three nationwide celebrations back then. The other two were Lantern Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.However, the timing of the festival varies between regions, because of thedifference in when flowering begins. As____61____result, many parts of the country took turns____62____(launch) their celebrations as if presenting a feast for the eyes in relays.Despite various highlights, the celebrations across different regions shared the features of hanfu____63____flower appreciation. The festival also plays a key role in boosting shopping and caters to spending in nearby areas.Its renaissance (复兴) reflects the change in young people's aesthetic orientation(审美取向), emotional needs and consumption preferences, and indicates their____64____(recognize) of excellent traditional Chinese culture. Behind that is the____65____(grow) cultural confidence among young people.答练习第一篇答案56. representing 考查非谓语动词。

该好好学习，这明明很好玩嘛，可他们就是不喜欢。

”说完孔子噘起了小嘴。

那人冷笑一声，大声说道：“什么文王，全是骗人的鬼话；小孩子鸟事不懂，在这里装模作样，实在可恶！”这时，正逢孔子母亲走过，只听母亲说道：“这位先生贵姓？为何当街作此等模样，吓唬小孩子？”这时那人对孔子母亲行了个礼，说：“夫人您好！这位应该是令郎吧？我看他虽是儿童，在玩耍时却有一种雍容的气度，所以多说了几句。

请问夫人，令郎玩的游戏是您教他的吗？”孔子的母亲微微一笑，说：“正是我教的。

”那人说道：“小子姓李名耳，又名老聃，刚才出言冒犯，请夫人原谅。

小子虽然不才，对周礼却略知一二，愿意为令郎做指引；夫人虽是大贤，恐怕对周礼还不如小子知道的多。

”孔子的母亲禁不住露出了笑容，说：“那就有劳李先生了。

”7天之后，孔子因为有老师指点，学得很快，整天乐呵呵很兴奋的样子。

孔子的母亲看了很高兴，李耳也对他赞不绝口，原本丑陋阴沉的脸也渐渐有了光彩。

后来人们也知道，李耳即是中国古代伟大的哲学家和思想家、道家学派创始人老子。

老子在孔子家呆了6个月，一直教孔子学“礼”。

最后，老子留书信一封，告别了孔子母子二人：“孔夫人：令郎孔子，师从本人李耳，时逾半载，其艺已成；近日李耳有事在身，不敢请辞，请夫人见谅。

”然后有礼而去。

I n Book Ⅰ of The Analects, Zi Qin saidto Zigong, “When our Master arrives ina fresh country he always manages tofind out about its policy. Does he do thisby asking questions, or do people tell himof their own accord?” Zigong said, “OurMaster gets things by being cordial, frank,c o u r t e o u s,t e m p e r a t e,def e r e n t i a l.T h a tis our Master’s way of enquiring—a verydifferent style, certainly, from the way inwhich enquiries are generally made.”Legend has it that when he was six yearsold, Confucius played the “rite” game witha neighboring child. Confucius played therole of Prime Minister and the other childplayed the role of King. At that time, a manin shabby clothes with a peculiar face cameu p t o t h e m a n d a s k e d:“K i d s,w h a t a r eyour names?” Confucius replied: “My nameis Kong Qiu. I’m six years old.” That manasked: “What are you playing?” Confuciussaid with a smile: “Rites. My mom taughtme. It’s great fun.”Confucius’ mother happened to pass by.S h e a s k e d t h e m a n:“W h a t’s y o u r n a m e,sir?” The man saluted her and said: “Hello,madam! Is this your son? Although he isa child, he displays an elegant attitude inthe game. So I asked him some questions.Did you teach him the game?” Confucius’mother smiled gently and said: “Yes, I did.”The man said: “I am Li Er, also named LaoDan. I am sorry to disturb you. Though Iam not talented, I know something aboutrites of the Zhou Dynasty. So I would like toinstruct your son. Despite your being veryknowledgeable, madam, I am afraid you donot know as much about the rites of ZhouDynasty as I do.A t t h a t t i m e,C o n f u c i u s’ m o t h e r w a sworrying about how to find a good teacherfor Confucius. So he was very pleased atthe offer from Li Er and said in great joy:“Thank you, Mr. Li.”T h a n k s t o t h e i n s t r u c t i o n f r o m h i st e a c h e r,C o n f u c i u s m a d e r a p i d p r o g r e s sin one week. Seeing him happy every day,his mother was also very happy. Li Er alsopraised Confucius very much. Li Er, in fact,was Lao Zi, a great ancient philosopher andthinker and founder of Taoism in China.Lao Zi stayed at Confucius’ home for sixmonths to teach him the rites. Cordial, Frank, Courteous, Temperate, Deferential图/田跃民论语情景雕塑 A sculpture of the scene of The Analects。

30分语言运用练(六)语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

[2021·湖南省衡阳市联考]Starting as a journey to find the true meaning of happiness, The Smile Project began in the late fall of 2011 as Liz drove home from school.“I had my windows down and my radio up. I couldn't tell you the name of a single song, but I __1__ I was happy，” Liz recalled.“__2__，when I got home I posted a Facebook status stating, ‘Day 1: Happiness is... those perfect car __3__ where the radio just plays all the right songs’．”As day I turned into Day 2，3，4 and now 3，307 __4__ days of finding joy, The Smile Project has grown into a widespread campaign with one simple __5__：share joy.Liz started writing down what made her happy each day. This __6__ of writing daily joy has __7__ many people across the globe to pause, reflect, and __8__ one joy that may have brushed through their days.She __9__ that it was difficult initially to stay true to the __10__ of finding gratitude every day but found a __11__ strength to believe that there is no day without __12__.When she __13__ Day 3，000, she wrote, “It's easy to feel that what we do is so small, but none of us will truly by able to grasp the deep __14__ that our lives will have on one another. It doesn't have to be about money, just about making the __15__ to make someone's day.”1．A.imagine B．rememberC．agree D．predict2．A.Therefore B．OtherwiseC．Instead D．However3．A.rides B．jobsC．shops D．tests4．A.awkward B．continuousC．passive D．relative5．A.character B．exampleC．chance D．task6．A.practice B．discussionC．difference D．change7．A.urged B．orderedC．inspired D．begged8．A.walk around B．wind upC．cut down D．look for9．A.denies B．doubtsC．admits D．guesses10．A.invitation B．commitmentC．discovery D．pain11．A.curious B．firmC．temporary D．complex12．A.trust B．confidenceC．joy D．company13．A.counted B．choseC．left D．reached14．A.influence B．understandingC．pity D．faith15．A.money B．senseC．way D．effort第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

英汉对比与翻译概论期末复习指南Cha. 1一、汉语的注音⏹汉语是象形文字，不具有表音的作用。

⏹历史上曾有过多种为汉字注音的尝试，如：❑直音：午，音五。

❑反切：力，了一切。

∴王力→王了一❑注音字母(1918)：ㄅㄆㄇㄈㄉㄊㄋㄌ(bpmfdtnl)❑Wade-Giles (威妥玛–翟理斯式拼音法,简称威氏拼音法, 1867/1912): Mao Tse-tung, Chou Enlai❑汉语拼音(1958/1978)：Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai❑2009年初台湾宣布采用汉语拼音二、英语的注音⏹国际音标⏹KK音标⏹韦氏音标Cha. 2一、音译⏹音译法⏹是用一种语言文字写出或读出另一种语言的词或词组的发音而引入吸收新词的一种主要方法。

❑音译法常用来翻译专有名词(人名、地名)，但有些外来商品的商标，部分书名、电影、电视剧、戏剧名，科技发明创造，以及某些新生事物所产生的新词语也采用音译法。

❑音译往往是不得已而为之，音译过来的东西往往无法从字面上看出其内涵，有时译文会使读者产生文化隔膜，导致理解上的困难。

⏹全音译：⏹指全部按照英语单词的发音来选择汉字表达的翻译方法。

❑这种译法很有异国情调，给人以新鲜感，时髦感，体现时代精神，紧跟时代潮流。

⏹analgin 安乃近⏹Bisquit 百事吉⏹copy 拷贝⏹Delicious 得利斯⏹Fiyta 飞亚达⏹Kodak 柯达⏹Ford 福特⏹Lactov 乐口福⏹Lucky 乐凯⏹Paloma 百乐满⏹party 派对⏹Polaroid 宝利莱⏹salad 色拉⏹shampoo 香波⏹toast 吐司⏹部分音译部分意译：⏹指在英语名词音译前或后再加上说明性文字，让人们知道该名称的性质是什么。

❑但随着该词的流行和接受程度，意译部分逐渐淘汰，弃而不用。

⏹B owling 保龄球⏹Cookies 曲奇饼⏹Clean & Clear 可伶可俐洗面奶⏹Disco 迪斯科舞⏹Jacket 夹克衫⏹Golf 高尔夫球⏹Good 古德面包⏹Head & Shoulders 海飞丝洗发露⏹Jeep 吉普车⏹More 摩尔香烟⏹Pizza 比萨饼⏹Safeguard 舒肤佳香皂⏹Sardine 沙丁鱼罐头⏹Toffee 太妃糖⏹Top 脱普洗头膏⏹Sony 索尼电器⏹Waltz 华尔兹舞⏹约定俗成的译名不应重新改译，最好尽量保留原译名。

四书The Four Books大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Confucian Analects《孟子》The Works of Mencius|《论语》The Confucian Analects学而时习之，不亦说乎It is indeed a pleasure to acquire knowledge and,as you go on acquiring,to put into practice what you have acquired.有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎A greater pleasure still it is when friends of congenial minds come from afar to seek you because of your attainments.温故而知新，可以为师矣。

If a man will constantly go over what he has acquired and keep continually adding to it new acquirements,he may become a teacher of men.学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

Study without thinking is labor lost. Thinking without study is perilous.君子周而不比，小人比而不周。

A wise man is impartial,not neutral.A fool is neutral but not impartial.知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。

To know what it is that you know,and to know what it is that you do not know,—that is understanding.xx 译| 《孟子》The Works of Mencius故天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨、饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。

新视野大学英语读写教程（第三版）Book 1课后答案1-8单元Unite 11.选词填空explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为・・・所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的)1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school.2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because someparts are very deep.3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared.4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do,they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable.5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability.6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high.7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population.8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population.9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action.10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey.2.15选10attain赢得，获得，得到 fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue追求，致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加 passion强烈的爱好，热爱 virtually实际上 classify分类归类 acquire获得，取得，学到 fashionable流行的 especially特别的sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at theuniversity will enable us to (1) classify them roughly into three groups:those who have a(n) (2) passion for learning, those who wish to (3) attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, thereare many students who learn simply because they (4) pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the computer screen, working on a new program, (5) virtually day and night, because they find some computer programs1(6) fascinating, and they dream of becoming a \ Secondly, there are students who work hard mainly for a better and more (7) prosperous future. It seems that the majority of students fall into this group. After admission tothe university, they read books after books to (8) acquire knowledge from allof the resources which are (9) available to them, and finally, to succeed inthe future job market. Thirdly, there are still some students who learnwithout a clear goal. They take courses, finish homework, enjoy life on campus, but don't want to (10) sample anything new or challenging. They have no idea what they will be doing after college. And they may end up with nothing intheir lives.3.选词组open the door to 给・・・以机会 in advance 预先，提前all at once 同时，一下子 reap the benefits (of) 得享（某事物）的好处make the most of最大限度的利用某物 over time逐渐地，慢慢地get by过活，活的去 stand a chance (of)有（做成某事）的希望remind ... of 使某人想起 take pleasure in乐于做某事1. My family got by on my father's unemployment benefit after he lost his job.2. Many subway riders read books or listen to music in order to make the most of their time on the way to work.3. In order to make sure he would be able to attend the meeting, I called him up two weeks in advance.4. Experts say our company is amazing in that sales have been increasing steadily over time .5. In order to reap the benefits of the physical exercise, you have to exercise regularly, and for at least half an hour each time.6. They all tried to talk all at once , but I couldn't hear anything they said.7. Yellow flowers in the field always remind me of my childhood in the countryside. 8. We have been practicing for so long and so hard that our team should stand a chance of winning the game.9. Research on genes will open the door to exciting new medical treatments.10. Every one of you has made a contribution and I take pleasure in acknowledging what each of you has done to make this academic convention sucha success.4.汉译英孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，被尊称为古代的\圣人\（sage）。

Unit 1孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（Confucianism）的创始人，被尊称为古代的"圣人"（sage）。

他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》（The Analects）一书中。

《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。

不研究《论语》，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。

孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。

在21世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。

Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient "sage". His words and life story were recorded in The Analects. An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, The Analects has had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius. Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years' traditional Chinese culture. Much of Confucius' thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on Chinese society. In the 21st century, Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community.Unit 2每年农历（Chinese lunar calendar）八月十五是我国的传统节日——中秋节（the Mid-Autumn Festival）。

百科知识（一）Encyclopedic knowledge (a)【四大名绣】苏绣〖苏州〗、湘绣〖湖南〗、蜀绣〖四川〗、广绣〖广东〗Four big embroidery embroidery 】[suzhou], [in hunan], shu embroidery [sichuan], GuangXiu [guangdong]【四大名扇】檀香扇〖江苏〗、火画扇〖广东〗、竹丝扇〖四川〗、绫绢扇〖浙江〗"The four most famous fan" sandalwood fan [jiangsu], fire painting [sichuan] [guangdong], bamboo fan, silk damask fan [zhejiang]【四大名花】牡丹〖山东菏泽〗、水仙〖福建漳州〗、菊花〖浙江杭州〗、山茶〖云南昆明〗Peony's four big famous flowers 】【[shandong heze], narcissus [fujian zhangzhou], [zhejiang hangzhou], camellia, chrysanthemum [yunnan kunming]【十大名茶】西湖龙井〖浙江杭州西湖区〗、碧螺春〖江苏吴县太湖的洞庭山碧螺峰〗、信阳毛尖〖河南信阳车云山〗、君山银针〖湖南岳阳君山〗、六安瓜片〖安徽六安和金寨两县的齐云山〗、黄山毛峰〖安徽歙县黄山〗、祁门红茶〖安徽祁门县〗、都匀毛尖〖贵州都匀县〗、铁观音〖福建安溪县〗、武夷岩茶〖福建崇安县〗West lake longjing top ten famous tea 】【[lake in hangzhou, zhejiang province], "biluochun" [in wuxian, jiangsu taihu lake dongting mountain BiLuo peak], xinyang maojian tea [henan xinyang CheYunShan], [hunan yueyang JunShan] JunShan needles, luan GuaPian [of two counties of anhui luan and Jin Zhai qiyun moutain], huangshan maofeng tea [rapidly in anhui and huangshan mountain], [anhui QiMenXian] qiinen black tea, DouYun maojian tea [DouYun county in guizhou] wuyi rock tea, tieguanyin [fujian anxi], [] of anxian county, fujian chung【扑克人物】"Poker characters"黑桃J：查尔斯一世的侍从，丹麦人霍克拉Spades J: Charles I's retinue, Danish hawk红桃J：查尔斯七世的宫廷随从拉海亚Red peach J: Charles vii's court after the sea梅花J：亚瑟王的著名骑士兰斯洛特PAM: famous arthurian knight Lancelot方块J：查尔斯一世的侍从罗兰Square J: Charles I's retinue Roland黑桃Q：帕拉斯o阿西纳，古希腊神话中智慧与战争女神O o spades Q: pallas, ancient Greek mythology goddess of wisdom and war红桃Q：朱尔斯，德国人，查尔斯一世的妻子Red peach Q: Jules, germans, Charles I's wife梅花Q：英国的兰开斯特王族的约克王后Plum Q: British Lancaster royal queen of york方块Q：是《圣经o旧约》中的约瑟夫的妹妹，莱克尔皇后Square Q: o the old testament of the bible is in Joseph's younger sister, recker queen黑桃K：戴维，公元前10世纪的以色列国王索洛蒙的父亲，擅长弹奏竖琴Spades K: David, the 10th century BC, king Solomon of Israel's father, is good at playing the harp红桃K：查尔斯一世，弗兰克国王沙勒曼The red peach K: Charles I, king of frank Salem梅花K：马其顿国的亚历山大大帝，最早go-vern-ment世界Plum K: Alexander the great of Macedonia, the earliest go Vern - ment of the world方块K：罗马名将和政治家朱亚斯o西泽，罗马统一后成为独裁统治者Square K: Roman name and politicians Zhu Yasi o Caesar, the Roman unification become autocratic rulers【年龄称谓】【title 】age襁褓：未满周岁的婴儿Baby: those under the age of the baby孩提：指2——3岁的儿童As a child: refers to children aged 2-3垂髫：指幼年儿童（又叫“总角”）Early childhood: refers to the young children (also called "accumulated Angle")豆蔻：指女子十三岁Nutmeg: refers to women's thirteen years old及笄：指女子十五岁JiJi refers to women's fifteen加冠：指男子二十岁（又“弱冠”）Crowns: refers to the men twenty years old (or "coming of age at 20")而立之年：指三十岁Focus: refers to the age of thirty不惑之年：指四十岁Appears: refers to 40知命之年：指五十岁（又“知天命”、“半百”）Years of things: refers to the age of fifty (" is ", "half")花甲之年：指六十岁Reach refers to 60 years old古稀之年：指七十岁Three score and ten: refers to the age of seventy耄耋之年：指八、九十岁期颐之年：一百岁, there's ninety - year - old age: refers to the eight years: the age of one hundred【科举职官】〖乡试〗：录取者称为"举人"，第一名称为"解元"、〖会试〗：录取者称为"贡生"，第一名称为"会元"、〖殿试〗：录取者称为"进士"，第一名称为"状元"，第二名为"榜眼"，第三名为"探花" 【】the imperial official [after having obtained] : students referred to as a "juren", the first name is "XieYuan", [to] : students called "gongsheng", the first name is "HuiYuan", [position] : students called "jinshi", first name for the "top", the second is called "second", the third is called "no."【四书】《论语》、《中庸》、《大学》、《孟子》r books" the analects of Confucius, "the doctrine of the mean", "university", "mencius"【五经】《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《易经》、《春秋》"Five classics", the book of songs "history", "rites", "I ching", the spring and autumn annals【八股文】破题、承题、起讲、入手、起股、中股、后股、束股【六子全书】《老子》、《庄子》、《列子》、《荀子》、《扬子法言》、《文中子中说》"Teachers" presentation, amplification ChengTi, up speak, starting, shares, stocks, posterior divisions, bunch of stocks [sixth encyclopedia] "Lao zi", "zhuang zi", "liezi", "xunzi", "the Yangtze law says", "the child said"【汉字六书】象形、指事、形声、会意、转注、假借Pictographic Chinese characters Chinese characters 】【, self-explanatory, echoism, knowing, conversion, under the guise of【书法九势】落笔、转笔、藏峰、藏头、护尾、疾势、掠笔、涩势、横鳞竖勒Put pen to paper and pencil, and calligraphy nine potential 】【hide peak, CangTou and shield tail, for potential, pen, acerbity potential, horizontal scale, vertical【竹林七贤】嵇康、刘伶、阮籍、山涛、阮咸、向秀、王戎【饮中八仙】李白、贺知章、李适之、李琎、崔宗之、苏晋、张旭、焦遂Ji kang, bamboo QiXian 】【LiuLing, ruan ji, shan tao, a plucked stringed instrument, to show, Wang Rong "drinks the eight immortals in the" li bai, He Zhizhang, Li Shizhi, lee Jin, Cui Zong, Su Jin, zhang xu, JiaoSui【蜀之八仙】容成公、李耳、董促舒、张道陵、严君平、李八百、范长生、尔朱先生Rc, shu of the eight immortals 】【Li Er, promoting the shu dong, that, YanJunPing, eight hundred, Fan Changsheng, li zhu【扬州八怪】郑板桥、汪士慎、李鱓、黄慎、金农、高翔、李方鹰、罗聘Yangzhou eight eccentrics Zheng Banqiao 】, Wang Shishen, lee 鱓, Huang Shen, Li Fangying, qing-era painting, "and in the open【北宋四大家】黄庭坚、欧阳修、苏轼、王安石"Northern song dynasty four everybody" huang tingjian, ouyang xiu, su shi, wang anshi【唐宋古文八大家】韩愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩Eight people 】【ancient prose in tang and song dynasty, ouyang xiu, sponsored by han yu and liu zongyuan Su Xun, su shi and su zhe and wang anshi, 曾巩【十三经】《易经》、《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《仪礼》、《公羊传》、《榖梁传》、《左传》、《孝经》、《论语》、《尔雅》、《孟子》【ShiSanJing 】"I ching", the "book of songs", "history", "rites" and "yili", "ram biography", "grain Liang Chuan", "zuo zhuan," xiao ", "the analects", "er ya", "mencius"【四大民间传说】《牛郎织女》、《孟姜女》、《梁山伯与祝英台》、《白蛇与许仙》【】the four most famous folk tales in "the gigolo knit", "meng jiangnu", "butterfly lovers", the white snake and xu xian【四大文化遗产】《明清档案》、《殷墟甲骨》、《居延汉简》、《敦煌经卷》【】four cultural heritage in the archives of Ming and qing dynasties, the Yin ruins oracle, "bamboo slips", "dunhuang books"【元代四大戏剧】关汉卿《窦娥冤》、王实甫《西厢记》、汤显祖《牡丹亭》、洪升《长生殿》【】four yuan dynasty drama works DouE case, wang shifu "western chamber", tang xianzu, the peony pavilion and hong sheng "palace"【晚清四大谴责小说】李宝嘉《官场现形记》、吴沃尧《二十年目睹之怪现状》、刘鹗《老残游记》、曾朴《孽海花》Four condemnation novels in late qing dynasty Li Baojia 】the officialdom in the sky, and wu WoYao twenty years saw the strange situation, LiuE LaoCan travel notes, Ceng Piao the resources to spend【莎士比亚四大悲剧】《汉姆莱特》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》、《奥赛罗》Shakespeare four great tragedies 】【ham Wright, king Lear, Macbeth, "Othello"【五彩】青、黄、赤、白、黑【color 】black, yellow, red, white and black【五音】宫、商、角、徵、羽[sound] palace, shang, horn, characteristics, plume【七宝】金、银、琉璃、珊瑚、砗磲、珍珠、玛瑙Gold, silver, lapis lazuli, qibao 】【coral, tridacna, pearls, agate【九宫】正宫、中吕宫、南吕宫、仙吕宫、黄钟宫、大面调、双调、商调、越调Lu in the palace, palace, south jiugong 】【lu palace, fairy palace, huang gong lu, bedding face, double adjustable, ShangDiao, YueDiao【七大艺术】绘画、音乐、雕塑、戏剧、文学、建筑、电影】【seven art, music, sculpture, painting, drama, literature, architecture, film【四大名瓷窑】河北的瓷州窑、浙江的龙泉窑、江西的景德镇窑、福建的德化窑"Four big famous kilns" Long Quanyao kiln porcelain states of hebei province and zhejiang province, jiangxi's jingdezhen kiln, fujian dehua kiln【四大名旦】梅兰芳、程砚秋、尚小云、荀慧生Mei lanfang, cheng yanqiu, shang xiaoyun, four MingDan 】【, xun【六礼】冠、婚、丧、祭、乡饮酒、相见Crown, marriage, funerals, six ceremony 】【offerings, township drinking, meet each other【六艺】礼、乐、射、御、书、数【LiuYi 】, music, archery, royal, book, number【六义】风、赋、比、兴、雅、颂"Six righteousness" wind, fu, bi, xing, elegant, and praise【八旗】镶黄、正黄、镶白、正白、镶红、正红、镶蓝、正蓝【十恶】谋反、谋大逆、谋叛、谋恶逆、不道、大不敬、不孝、不睦、不义、内乱"Eight banners" set is yellow, yellow, with white, is set with red, white, red, blue, is blue 【10 】evil rebellion, seeks the regicide, conspiracies, seeks the inverse, not word, irreverent, unfilial, discord and injustice, and civil strife【九流】儒家、道家、阴阳家、法家、名家、墨家、纵横家、杂家、农家【】nine flow, Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang family, famous artists, mohism, legalism, sage, and home farm【三山】安徽黄山、江西庐山、浙江雁荡山"Three mountain" huangshan mountain in anhui, jiangxi, zhejiang yandang mountain【五岭】越城岭、都庞岭、萌诸岭、骑田岭、大庾岭YueChengLing, DouPangLing, the five ridges 】【'ZhuLing, ride Tian Ling, big it【五岳】〖中岳〗河南嵩山、〖东岳〗山东泰山、〖西岳〗陕西华山、〖南岳〗湖南衡山、〖北岳〗山西恒山[its] [he] henan songshan, [dongyue] shandong taishan, [the west] shaanxi huashan, [le] hunan hengshan, [beiyue] mount heng in Shanxi Province【五湖】鄱阳湖〖江西〗、洞庭湖〖湖南〗、太湖〖江苏〗、洪泽湖〖江苏〗、巢湖〖安徽〗"Five lakes" [] in jiangxi poyang lake, dongting lake [in hunan], [jiangsu], [jiangsu] hongze lake taihu, chaohu [anhui]【四海】渤海、黄海、东海、南海【all 】the bohai sea, yellow sea, east China sea, the south China sea【四大名桥】广济桥、赵州桥、洛阳桥、卢沟桥"Four big famous bridge" wide and zhaozhou bridge, the bridge's LuoYangQiao, Marco Polo bridge【四大名园】颐和园〖北京〗、避暑山庄〖河北承德〗、拙政园〖江苏苏州〗、留园〖江苏苏州〗【】most famous four gardens [Beijing] the Summer Palace, the summer resort of chengde in hebei province], the humble administrator's garden of suzhou, jiangsu province], the lingering garden [jiangsu suzhou]【四大名刹】灵岩寺〖山东长清〗、国清寺〖浙江天台〗、玉泉寺〖湖北江陵〗、栖霞寺〖江苏南京〗"Four famous" LingYanSi [shandong pingyin], zhi xu claimed [zhejiang tiantai], yuquan temple [hubei jiangling], were [jiangsu nanjing]【四大名楼】岳阳楼〖湖南岳阳〗、黄鹤楼〖湖北武汉〗、滕王阁〖江西南昌〗、大观楼〖云南昆明〗"Four famous towers" yueyang of hunan yueyang], [hubei wuhan] the yellow crane tower, tengwang pavilion [nanchang of jiangxi province], DaGuanLou [yunnan kunming]【四大名亭】醉翁亭〖安徽滁县〗、陶然亭〖北京先农坛〗、爱晚亭〖湖南长沙〗、湖心亭〖杭州西湖〗"Four big famous pavilion" ZuiWengTing [chuhe county in anhui], TaoRanTing XianNongTan [Beijing], love late pavilion [in changsha, hunan province], lake [hangzhou west lake]【四大古镇】景德镇〖江西〗、佛山镇〖广东〗、汉口镇〖湖北〗、朱仙镇〖河南〗"Four big ancient town" jingdezhen of jiangxi] [guangdong], hankou town, foshan town [in hubei], immortals township [henan]【四大碑林】西安碑林〖陕西西安〗、孔庙碑林〖山东曲阜〗、地震碑林〖四川西昌〗、南门碑林〖台湾高雄〗Xi 'an forest of steles four forest of steles 】【[xi 'an in shaanxi province], Confucius temple, the forest of steles [shandong qufu] the forest of steles, earthquake [sichuan xichang], south gate the forest of steles [Taiwan kaohsiung]【四大名塔】嵩岳寺塔〖河南登封嵩岳寺〗、飞虹塔〖山西洪洞广胜寺〗、释迦塔〖山西应县佛宫寺〗、千寻塔〖云南大理崇圣寺〗"Four big famous tower" this temple tower [henan dengfeng this temple], the flying tower [shanxi hongtong guangsheng temple] [Buddha palace temple in shanxi so], Buddha tower, qianhe tower [yunnan Dali footprints temple]【四大石窟】莫高窟〖甘肃敦煌〗、云岗石窟〖山西大同〗、龙门石窟〖河南洛阳〗、麦积山石窟〖甘肃天水〗【】's four big grottoes the mogao grottoes of dunhuang, gansu province], [shanxi datong] yungang grottoes and longmen grottoes of luoyang, henan] [gansu tianshui], maijishan grottoes【四大书院】白鹿洞书院〖江西庐山〗、岳麓书院〖湖南长沙〗、嵩阳书院〖河南嵩山〗、应天书院〖河南商丘〗"Four academy" white deer cave academy [jiangxi lushan], yuelu academy of hunan changsha], song Yang college [henan songshan], should be college [henan shangqiu]【四大佛教名山】浙江普陀山〖观音菩萨〗、山西五台山〖文殊菩萨〗、四川峨眉山〖普贤菩萨〗、安徽九华山〖地藏王菩萨〗【】the four famous buddhist mountains of zhejiang mount putuo [guanyin bodhisattva], wutai mountain in shanxi [manjushri], [samantabhadra bodhisattva] mount emei in sichuan, anhui jiuhua [earth treasure bodhisattva]【四大道教名山】湖北武当山、江西龙虎山、安徽齐云山、四川青城山"The four famous mountains of Taoism" wudang mountain in hubei, jiangxi, qiyun moutain in anhui, sichuan qingcheng mountain, mount longhu【五行】金、木、水、火、土"Five lines of" gold, wood, water, fire and earth【八卦】乾〖天〗、坤〖地〗、震〖雷〗、巽〖风〗、坎〖水〗、离〖火〗、艮〖山〗、兑〖沼〗"Gossip" dried [day], he [to], [mine], xun [wind] and [water] from [the fire], gen [hill], the [bog]【三皇】伏羲、女娲、神农[three] fuxi, nuwa, shennong【五帝】太皞、炎帝、黄帝、少皞、颛顼"Five emperors" too 皞, yan emperor, huangdi, 皞, ZhuanXu less【三教】儒教、道教、佛教"Three religions" Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism【三清】元始天尊〖清微天玉清境〗、灵宝天尊〖禹余天上清境〗、道德天尊〖大赤天太清境〗Beginning sanqing 】【Buddha [micro day jade qing qing condition], spi Buddha [yu yu qing sky condition], moral Buddha [big red day too clear borders]【四御】昊天金阙无上至尊玉皇大帝、中天紫微北极大帝、勾陈上宫天后皇大帝、承天效法土皇地祗Heaven gold que supreme supreme science four royal 】【the jade emperor, zhongtian Chinese arctic emperor, tick on Chen huang emperor palace days, days according to soil emperor DeZhi【八仙】铁拐李、钟离权、张果老、吕洞宾、何仙姑、蓝采和、韩湘子、曹国舅"Eight immortals" turn iron, clock from power, the zhang guolao, li lu dongbin, He Xiangu, blue and, Han Xiangzi, cao guojiu【十八罗汉】布袋罗汉、长眉罗汉、芭蕉罗汉、沉思罗汉、伏虎罗汉、过江罗汉、欢喜罗汉、降龙罗汉、静坐罗汉、举钵罗汉、开心罗汉、看门罗汉、骑象罗汉、探手罗汉、托塔罗汉、挖耳罗汉、笑狮罗汉、坐鹿罗汉Ocean's 18 arhats 】【cloth, ocean's long eyebrow, ocean's banana, ocean's ocean's contemplation, ocean's fighter, river, ocean's joy, JiangLong lohan, ocean's meditation, for ocean's bowl, ocean's happy, ocean's guard and ride like lohan, ocean's agent hand, TuoDa lohan, ocean's ear, laughing lion ocean, by ocean's deer【十八层地狱】[第一层]泥犁地狱、[第二层]刀山地狱、[第三层]沸沙地狱、[第四层]沸屎地狱、[第五层]黑身地狱、[第六层]火车地狱、[第七层]镬汤地狱、[第八层]铁床地狱、[第九层]盖山地狱、[第十层]寒冰地狱、[第十一层]剥皮地狱、[第十二层]畜生地狱、[第十三层]刀兵地狱、[第十四层]铁磨地狱、[第十五层]寒冰地狱、[第十六层]铁册地狱、[第十七层]蛆虫地狱、[第十八层]烊铜地狱Eighteen layers of hell [] [] of the first layer of mud plough hell, hell, the [second] wheels/layer 3 boiling boiling shit hell hell, layer [4], [5] layer black body, layer [6] train hell, hell layer [7] wok soup hell, hell layer [8] iron bed, cover layer [9] mountain, layer [10] ice hell, hell layer [11] skinning, [2] 10 animal hell, hell bill layer [13], [14] layer iron grinding hell, hell layer [15] ice, iron layer [16] of the hell, helllayer [17] maggot, copper layer [18] Yang hell hell【五脏】心、肝、脾、肺、肾[five] heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney【六腑】胃、胆、三焦、膀胱、大肠、小肠"Fu", bravery, the sanjiao (triple energizer), bladder, stomach, small intestine, large intestine【七情】喜、怒、哀、乐、爱、恶、欲"Seven emotions" happiness, anger, sorrow, joy, love, evil, desire【五常】仁、义、礼、智、信[the p5] benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, intelligence and faith【五伦】君臣、父子、兄弟、夫妇、朋友[each] this, father and son, brother, wife, friend【三姑】尼姑、道姑、卦姑Three gu 】【nun, Taoist, hexagrams gu【六婆】牙婆、媒婆、师婆、虔婆、药婆、稳婆Six shiva YaPo 】, matchmaker, shiva, sincere woman, shiva, midwife【九属】玄孙、曾孙、孙、子、身、父、祖父、曾祖父、高祖父[9 genera] great-great-grandson, the son, Samson, the son, and his body high, father, grandfather, great grandfather, grandfather【五谷】稻、黍、稷、麦、豆[corn] rice, millet, millet, wheat, beans【中国八大菜系】四川菜、湖南菜、山东菜、江苏菜、浙江菜、广东菜、福建菜、安徽菜"China's eight regional cuisines" sichuan cuisine, hunan cuisine, shandong cuisine, jiangsu cuisine, zhejiang cuisine, cantonese cuisine, fujian cuisine and anhui cuisine【五毒】石胆、丹砂、雄黄、矾石、慈石[ruling] lithocholic, cinnabar and realgar, alum stone, CiShi【配药七方】大方、小方、缓方、急方、奇方、偶方、复方And easy dispensing seven party 】【, party, party, party, odd, even, compound【中华人民共和国十大元帅】：朱德、彭德怀、贺龙、陈毅、刘伯承、罗荣桓、徐向前、聂荣臻、林彪、叶剑英。