东北三省辽宁省实验中学等三校2018届高三一模理综化学试卷(含答案)

辽宁省大连市2018年高三第一次模拟考试理科综合试卷化学试题第I卷（选择题）1．中国传统文化对人类文明贡献巨大。

下列古代文献涉及的化学研究成果，对其说明不合理的是A．《天工开物》中“凡石灰，经火焚炼为用”里的“石灰”是指CaOB．《黄白第十大》中“曾青涂铁，铁赤如铜”主要发生了置换反应C．《本草纲目》中“用浓酒和糟入甑，蒸令气上，用器承滴露”，利用到蒸馏D．《梦溪笔谈》中“以剂钢为刃，柔铁为茎干，不尔则多断折”中的剂钢是指铁的合金2．洁厕灵和84消毒液混合使用会发生反应：NaClO+2HCl===NaCl+Cl2↑+H2O，生成有毒的氯气。

下列说法正确的是A．每生成1mol氯气，转移的电子数为2N AB．1 mol NaCl含有的电子数为28N AC．1L0.2mol/ L NaClO溶液中含有的次氯酸根离子数为0.2N AD．标准状况下，将22.4L HCl溶解在0.5L水中，形成2mol/L的盐酸3．下列关于有机物的说法不正确的是A．苯和乙烯均可以使溴水褪色，但褪色原理不同B．等物质的量的乙烯与乙醇完全燃烧消耗氧气的物质的量相等C．向制备乙酸乙酯后剩余的反应液中加入碳酸钠溶液，产生气泡，说明有乙酸剩余D．在C4H11N分子中，N原子以三个单键与其他原子相连接的同分异构体有8种(不考虑立体异构) 4．W、X、Y、Z为四种短周期主族元素，它们在元素周期表中的相对位置如下图所示，其中Y原子的最外层电子数是其电子层数的2倍。

下列说法正确的是A．W单质比X单质更易与氢气化合B．W的最高价含氧酸可用于制取氢气C．元素X和钠形成的化合物只含有离子键D．简单离子半径大小关系为：Y>Z>W>X5．下列实验操作、现象和结论均正确的是6．微生物燃料电池在净化废水(主要去除Cr2O72-)的同时能获得能源或得到有价值的化学产品。

如图为其工作原理，如图为废水中Cr2O72-离子浓度与去除率的关系。

下列说法正确的是A．M为电池正极，CH3COOH被还原B．外电路转移4mol电子时，M极产生22.4LCO2(忽略CO2溶解)C．反应一段时间后，N极附近pH下降D．Cr2O72-离子浓度较大时，可能会造成还原菌失活7．已知：对于电离常数为Ka的某一元弱酸，pH突变随其浓度的增大而增大，且浓度主要影响滴定终点和滴定终点之后的曲线部分。

第I卷一、选择题：本题包括21小题，每小题6分，共126分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，第1~ 18题只有一项符合题目要求，第19~ 21题有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。

1．下列过程或现象与物质跨膜运输无直接关系的是A．机体内环境渗透压维持相对稳定B．神经细胞电位的维持与产生C．胰岛B细胞中胰岛素基因的转录D．紫色洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞发生质壁分离2“分子马达”是分布于细胞内部或细胞表面的一类蛋白质，它们的结构会随着与ATP和ADP的交替结合而改变，从而使自身或与其结合的分子产生运动。

下列相关分析不正确的是A．线粒体和叶绿体中都有“分子马达”B．RNA聚合酶是沿RNA移动的“分子马达”C“分子马达”运动所需的能量由ATP水解提供D．细胞膜上的部分载体蛋白是“分子马达”3．下列关于人体内环境稳态的叙述正确的是A．浆细胞能特异性识别抗原并分泌抗体B．进食半小时后经肝脏流出的血液中血糖浓度会降低C．氧气、甲状腺激素、乙酰胆碱、呼吸酶都可以出现在内环境中D．甲亢患者体温偏高，其体内机体产热大于散热4．下列有关细胞呼吸的叙述，正确的是A．无氧呼吸过程中葡萄糖的能量大部分以热能形式散失B．无氧呼吸在第一第二阶段都能合成少量ATPC．有氧呼吸的发生必须有线粒体的参与D．细胞呼吸产生的[H]是还原型辅酶I5．以下关于生物学的研究方法错误的是A．无关变量是可对实验结果造成影响的可变因素B．沃森和克里克构建的DNA双螺旋结构属于物理模型C．将完整细胞放人离心管中，利用不同的离心速度就能将各种细胞器分离开D．膜成分年日结构的初步阐明是先提出假设，后通过观察和实验进一步验证和完善的过程6．蜜蜂中蜂王由受精卵发育而来，雄蜂由卵细胞直接发育而来。

蜜蜂褐色眼对黄绿色眼为显性性状。

杂合体的蜂王与正常褐色眼的雄蜂交配，其子代不同性别的眼色表现为A．雌蜂均为黄绿色眼B雌蜂中褐色眼黄绿色眼=1：1：1C．雄蜂均为褐色眼D．雄蜂中褐色眼：黄绿色眼=1：17、下列说法不正确的是A.聚氯乙烯可以制食物保鲜膜B.铝热反应可用于焊接钢轨C.液氯可以保存在钢瓶中D.常温下可用铁槽车运输浓硫酸8、解释下列事实的方程式正确的是A.纯碱溶液显碱性：CO32-+2H2OH2CO3+2OH-B.用稀硝酸清洗试管内壁附着的银：Ag+2H++NO3-=Ag++NO2↑+H2OC.向煤中加入石灰石可减少煤燃烧时SO2的排放：CaCO3+O2+SO2= CO2+CaSO4D.碳酸氢钠溶液与过量澄清石灰水混合出现白色沉淀：HCO3-+Ca2++OH-=CaCO3↓+H2O9、2017年1月1日屠呦呦因发现青蒿素可以抵御疟疾感染而获得诺贝尔奖。

哈尔滨师大附中2018年高三第一次联合模拟考试 理科综合能力测试东北师大附中辽宁省实验中学本试卷分第I 卷（选择题）和第II 卷（非选择题）两部分，其中第II 卷第33~40为选考题，其他题为必考题。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

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可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 Li 7 C 12 N 14 O 16S 32 Br 80第I卷（选择题，共126分）一、选择题（本大题共13小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）7．化学与生产、生活密切相关，下列说法不正确的是A．石油的分馏、石油的裂解过程中都发生了化学变化B．玻璃、陶瓷、水泥都是硅酸盐产品，属于无机非金属材料C．用纯碱溶液清洗油污时，加热可以提高去污能力D．高纯硅广泛应用于太阳能电池、计算机芯片8．设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的数值，T列说法正确的是A．一定条件下，将1 mol N2和3 mol H2混合，充分反应后转移的电子数为6N AB．6.4 g由S2、S4、S8组成的混合物含硫原子数为0.2N A C．11 g超重水（T2O）含中子数为5N AD．常温常压下，11.2 L Cl2含氯原子数为N A9．某有机物的结构简式如图所示，有关该物质的描述不正确的是A．该物质的分子式为C11H12O3B．该物质属于芳香族化合物C．该物质能使溴水和酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色，反应类型也相同D．该物质在一定条件下反应能得到环状的酯10．肼（N2H4）又称联氨，可用如下方法制备：CO(NH2)2+ ClO-+ OH-— N2H4 + Cl- + CO32- + H2O [CO(NH2)2中N为-3价，方程式未配平]，下列说法不正确的是A．N2H4是氧化产物B．N2H4中存在极性键和非极性键C．配平后，OH-的化学计量数为2D．生成3.2 g N2H4转移0.1 mol电子11．下列反应的离子方程式书写正确的是A．含等物质的量的MgCl2、Ba(OH)2、HNO3三种溶液混合：Mg2+ + 2OH- = Mg(OH)2↓B．CaCO3溶于CH3COOH：CaCO3+ 2CH3COOH = Ca2++ 2CH3COO-+ CO2↑ + H2OC．过量HI溶液加入到Fe(NO3)3溶液中：2Fe3++ 2I-= 2Fe2+ + I2D．SO2通入到溴水中：SO2+ H2O + Br2= 2H++ SO42-+ 2Br-12．下列实验操作能达到实验目的的是13．碱性硼化钒（VB 2）—空气电池工作时反应为：4VB 2 + 11O 2= 4B 2O 3 + 2V 2O 5。

辽宁省重点高中协作校2018届高三第三次模拟考试理综试卷一、选择题1.下列有关细胞内化合物的说法，正确的是A参与细胞间信息交流的受体蛋白一定位于细胞膜上B.细胞中的RNA具有催化、物质转运及控制生物性状等多种功能C.在寒冷的冬季，农作物细胞内的自由水与结合水的比值增大D.脂质中的磷脂和动物细胞中的胆固醇都能参与细胞膜的构成2.以紫色洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞作为观察植物细胞质壁分离和复原实验的材料，下列说法正确的是A.正在发生质壁分离的细胞，其吸水能力逐渐减弱B.正在发生质壁分离的细胞，其紫色区域逐渐缩小，该区域颜色逐渐变深C.发生质壁分离后完全复原的细胞，其细胞液浓度最终与外界溶液浓度相同D.该实验不选择紫色洋葱鳞片叶内表皮细胞作材料，是由于该类细胞不能发生质壁分离3.下列有关“分离”的叙述，正确的是A.自由组合定律的实质是等位基因分离的同时，非等位基因都自由组合B.分离溶解在无水乙醇中的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的方法是纸层析法C.将人成熟的红细胞中的各种细胞器一一分离的方法是差速离心法D.染色体的着丝点断裂和姐妹染色单体分离都是在纺锤体的作用下完成的4.下列有关人体内环境稳态和生命活动调节的说法，正确的是A.Na+对维持细胞内液渗透压有重要作用B.血桨中的HC03-、HP042-等能使血浆的pH保持不变C.在寒冷环境中，人体的产热量增加、散热量减少D.在血糖调节过程中存在反馈调节5.研究人员对某草原上啮齿动物多样性进行了连续8年的定点监测研究，结果如下表所示。

下列说法的是2002〜2009年啮齿动物群落中各物种的捕获量比例（%)(禁牧区:禁牧8年以上。

轮牧区:草地采取围栏轮牧。

过牧区:常年不断过度放牧)A.自然和人类干扰活动是影响物种多样性的重要因素B.可用标志重捕法调査该草原上啮齿动物的种群数量C.放牧强度对草原上啮齿动物的优势种没有影响D.食物缺乏条件下，短耳仓鼠最有可能从该草原消失6.下列关于人类遗传病的说法的是A.致病基因的表达是人患遗传病的根本原因B.调査某种遗传病的发病率应在人群中随机抽样C.画遗传系谱图是确定某些遗传病遗传方式的有效方法之一D.通过染色体组型分析可以在早期发现某些遗传病7.化学与生产生活密切相关。

东北三省四市教研联合体2018年高考第一次模拟考试理综化学试题7.化学是一门创造新物质的科学。

下列有关说法不正确的是A.《天工开物》中“凡石灰，经火焚炼为用”里的“石灰”是指CaOB.《黄白第十六》中“曾青除铁，铁赤如铜”，主要发生了置换反应C.“沈卢”古剑“以剂钢为刃，柔铁为茎干，不尔则多断折”中的剂钢是含铁的合金D.《本草纲日》中“自元时始创其法，用浓酒和糟人甑，蒸令气上，用器承滴露”，其“法”是指蒸馏8.洁厕灵和84消毒液混合使用会发生反应:NaClO+2HCl=NaCl+Cl2↑+H2O，生成有毒的氯气。

N A代表阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是A.每生成1mol氯气，转移的电子数为2N AB.1mol NaCl含有的电子数为28N AC.1L 0.2mol/LNaClO溶液中含有的次氯酸根离子数为0.2N AD.标准状况下，将22.4LHCl溶解在0.5L水中，形成2mol/L的盐酸9.下列关于有机物的说法不正确．．．的是A.苯和乙烯均可以使溴水褪色，但褪色原理不同B.等物质的量的乙烯与乙醇完全燃烧消耗氧气的物质的量相等C.分子式为C4H11N的有机物，同分异构体有8种(不包括立体异构)D.在制备乙酸乙酯后剩余的反应液中加人碳酸钠溶液，产生气泡，说明有乙酸剩余10.短周期元素W、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次增大，下图所示各物质仅由这四种元素组成，其转化关系如图所示。

其中b、d为单质，其余均为化合物。

b的水溶液显酸性且具有漂白性；d与氧气反应可得到能漂白纸浆的化合物；常温下0.01mo/Lf溶液的pH>2。

下列说法正确的是A.元素的非金属性x>W>ZB.X的氢化物中只存在极性共价键C.最简单气态氢化物的稳定性Y>ZD.Y的含氧酸钠盐的水溶液可能呈碱性11.下列实验操作、现象和实验结论均正确的是实验操作现象结论A 将少量硼酸溶液滴入到碳酸钠溶液中无气泡Ka:H2CO3>H3BO3B 向蔗糖溶液中加入稀硫酸并水浴加热，一段时间后再向混合无砖红色蔗糖未水解液中加人新制备的Cu(OH)2 悬浊液并加热沉淀C 将浸透石蜡油的石棉放置在硬质试管底部，加入少量碎瓷片并加强热,将生成的气体通人酸性高锰酸钾溶液高锰酸钾溶液褪色 石蜡油分解生成不饱和烃 D 将Na 2S 203溶液和稀硫酸榕液混合后，放入不同温度下的水浴中都变浑浊 温度对反应速率影响不大12.微生物燃料电池可净化废水，同时还能获得能源或有价值的化学产品，图1为其工作原理，图2为废水中Cr 2O 3离子浓度与去除率的关系。

东北三省四市教研联合体2018届高三高考模拟试卷（一）理综化学试卷 一、选择题详细信息1. 难度：简单化学与社会密切相关，下列说法错误的是A. 用硫酸可以洗去锅炉水垢B. 用加热的方法可以杀死流感病毒C. 食盐既可做调味品，也可以做防腐剂D. 洗涤棉制品可以使用弱碱性洗涤剂或肥皂详细信息2. 难度：简单下列有关有机物的说法正确的是A. 甲烷不能发生氧化反应B. 乙烯和苯均能发生加成反应C. 乙醇和乙酸乙酯都易溶于水D. 甲苯中所有原子可能处于同一平面详细信息3. 难度：中等2016年12月1日国际纯粹与应用化学联合会宣布，将合成的四种新元素命名为113号 (缩写为Nh)、115号(Mc)、117号(Ts)和118号(Og)。

下列说法正确的是 A. 113号元素的氧化物为两性氧化物 B. 115号元素位于第六周期第VA 族C. 117号元素的某种原子，核内含176个中子，此原子是TsD. 118号元素的原子最外层有8个电子详细信息4. 难度：中等已知有机物A. B 之间存在转化关系：A(C 6H 12O 2) +H 2O B+HCOOH （已配平）则符合该反应条件的有机物B 有（不含立体异构） A. 6种 B. 7种 C. 8种 D. 9种详细信息5.难度：困难中国科学院成功开发出一种新型铝—石墨双离子电池，大幅提升了电池的能量密度。

该电池充电时的总反应为：Al+xC+Li++PF6-=AlLi+CxPF6，有关该电池说法正确的是A. 放电时，电子由石墨沿导线流向铝B. 放电时，正极反应式为：Al+Li++e-=AlLiC. 充电时，铝电极质量增加D. 充电时，PF6-向阴极移动详细信息6.难度：中等下列说法正确的是A. KAl(SO4)2溶液中 c(K+)= 2c(SO42-)B. 向NaHCO3溶液中加入少量 Ba(OH)2固体，c(CO32-)增大C. 含有AgCl和AgBr固体的悬浊液中，C(Ag+)>c(Cl-) =c(Br-)D. 常温下，向含0.1molCH3COOH的溶液中加入amolNaOH固体，反应后溶液中c(CH3COOH) =c(CH3COO-)，则溶液显碱性。

1．已知①中国古代四大发明之一的黑火药，它是由硫磺、木炭粉和硝石组成；②油条中铝含量超标十分普遍，是影响人们健康的食品安全隐患。

油条无铝配方由碳酸氢钠（小苏打）和臭粉组成。

下列关于硝石和臭粉的成份组合正确的是A．KNO3、NH4HCO3 B．KNO3、Na2CO3 C．HNO3、(NH4)2CO3 D．NH4NO3、Na2CO3【答案】A【解析】黑火药是我国古代的四大发明之一，它是硝酸钾、硫粉、木炭粉按一定比例混合而成的，硝石是指硝酸钾，油条无铝配方由碳酸氢钠(小苏打)和臭粉组成，碳酸氢铵能说出刺激性气味的氨气，臭粉组成为NH4HCO3，硝石和臭粉的成份组合为：KNO3、NH4HCO3 ，故选A。

【点睛】解题关键是能够用化学知识解释化学现象，黑火药是我国古代的四大发明之一，它是硝酸钾、硫粉、木炭粉按一定比例混合而成的，硝石是指硝酸钾，油条无铝配方由碳酸氢钠(小苏打)和臭粉组成，碳酸氢铵能说出刺激性气味的氨气。

2．常温下，下列各组离子一定能在指定溶浓中大量共存的是A．pH=l的溶液：Ba2+、Al3+、Cl-、SO42-B．能使酚酞试液变红的溶液：Na+、K+、HCO3-、I-C．c(OH-)/c(H+)=10-12的溶液：NH4+、Cu2+、NO3-、Cl-D．含有0.1mol/LFe(NO3)2的溶液：H+、Mg2+、SCN-、SO42－【答案】C3．下列说法正确的是A．乙烯使溴水或酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色均属于加成反应B．CH3CH2CH3分子中的3个碳原子不可能在同一直线上C．聚氯乙烯、麦芽糖和蛋白质均属于有机高分子化合物D．等质量的乙烯和乙醇完全燃烧，消耗O2的物质的量相同【答案】B【解析】A．乙烯含有碳碳双键，可与溴水发生加成反应，与高锰酸钾发生氧化还原反应，反应类型不同，故A错误；B．CH3CH2CH3为烷烃，具有甲烷的结构特点，则3个碳原子不可能在同一直线上，故B正确；C．麦芽糖相对分子质量较小，不是高分子化合物，故C错误；D．乙醇可拆写成C2H4•H2O的形式，等质量的C2H4和C2H4•H2O含C2H4，乙烯高于乙醇，故消耗氧气的量乙烯大于乙醇，故D错误；故选B。

东北三省三校（哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学）2018届高三第二次模拟考试理综-化学试题1. 下列说法不正确的是A. 聚氯乙烯可以制食物保鲜膜B. 铝热反应可用于焊接钢轨C. 液氯可以保存在钢瓶中D. 常温下可用铁槽车运输浓硫酸【答案】A【解析】A. 聚氯乙烯塑料有毒不能做食物保鲜膜，故A错；B. 铝热反应可以炼铁并放出大量的热，可用于焊接钢轨，故B正确；C. 液氯易液化不和铁反应，所以可以保存在钢瓶中。

故C对；D常温下浓硫酸与铁发生钝化反应，所以可以用铁槽车运输浓硫酸，故D对。

答案：A。

2. 解释下列事实的方程式正确的是A. 纯碱溶液显碱性：CO32-+2H2O H2CO3+2OH-B. 用稀硝酸清洗试管内壁附着的银：Ag+2H++NO3-=Ag++NO2↑+H2OC. 向煤中加入石灰石可减少煤燃烧时SO2的排放：CaCO3+O2+SO2= CO2+CaSO4D. 碳酸氢钠溶液与过量澄清石灰水混合出现白色沉淀：HCO3-+Ca2++OH-=CaCO3↓+H2O【答案】D点睛：本题考查碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠的性质。

碳酸根水解显碱性，碳酸氢根与酸和碱都不能共存。

还考查了亚硫酸盐的不稳定性，例CaCO3+O2+SO2= CO2+CaSO4，易被氧化为硫酸盐。

3. 2017年1月1日屠呦呦因发现青蒿素可以抵御疟疾感染而获得诺贝尔奖。

如图所示的有机物是制备青蒿素的重要原料，下列有关该有机物的说法不正确的是A. 分子式为C21H28O2B. 能溶于水，属于芳香烃C. 可使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色D. 苯环上的一氯取代物有3种【答案】B............点睛：抓住官能团的特征进行判断物质类别。

例芳香烃的特点含苯环，只有碳氢元素组成。

一氯代物同分异构体的判断方法是通过结构简式找出含有氢的种类。

有机物被酸性高锰酸钾溶液氧化的物质类别有碳碳双键，醇，醛苯的同系物等。

4. Al-Ag2O电池是一种以NaOH溶液为电解质的水下动力电源，下列说法不正确的是A. 负极反应式为：Al+4OH--3e-=A1O2-+2H2OB. 负极可能会发生副反应：2Al+2OH-+2H2O=2A1O2-+3H2↑C. 当电路中转移0 05mole-时，正极质量减少0.4gD. 电池工作时，正极附近pH变小【答案】D【解析】Al-Ag2O电池是一种以NaOH溶液为电解质的电池，负极Al失电子生成偏铝酸盐，负极反应式为：Al+4OH--3e-=A1O2-+2H2O，故A正确；根据2Al+2OH-+2H2O=2A1O2-+3H2↑所以B正确；由电池的总反应2Al＋3Ag2O＋2NaOH=2NaAlO2＋6Ag＋H2O，正极Ag2O Ag e-减少16g,0.05 m m=16=0.4g.当电路中转移0.05mole-时，正极质量减少0.4g,正确；D. 电池工作时，正极反应式Ag2O+2e-+H2O=2Ag+2OH-,所以pH变大，故D错；答案：D。

2018届东北三省三校高三第一次联合模拟考试(有答案)2018年高三第一次联合模拟考试英语试卷第I 卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AWHERE TO GO IN AUGUST?In EuropeAugust is the height of the peak season! Millions of holidaymakers from around the world invade the beaches and countryside of Southern Europe. The climate is great for travel for just about the whole of the continent with just a few areas affected by extreme heat.The north of Europe is lovely during this month and summer is the ideal time to visit those countries that are generally considered a little cold and damp such as Ireland, Scotland or Holland. In AsiaThis season is considered the least favourable. The monsoon(季风)season is at its height over the majority of this area with the exception of only a few countries (Kerala or Tamil Nadu in India, Bali and the southern islands of Indonesia, etc.) Everywhere else a hot, and very damp climate prevails(盛行).In AfricaThe Maghreb countries are crowded with tourists. The climate is hot and dry. The In AmericaThe north is generally hot anddry(sometimes extremely hot in the desertsAtlantic coast of Morocco is pleasant thanksto the ocean influence. Further to the south itis the rainy season and it is only along thelatitude(纬度)of Kenya and Tanzania that theclimate becomes favourable to visitors.towards the west of the USA).CentralAmerica experiences a short rainy season atthis time but towards the south theconditions are more favourable.To be avoided:Although July and August are favourable to travel “climatically” speaking, it is oftennot so pleasant when it comes to quietness and prices. The vast majorities of Europeancountries have their main holidays during this period so the hotels are generally crowdedand the prices high for the majority of destinations.21. Which part may be the last choice for travelling in August?A．Asia. B．Africa. C．Southern Europe. D．Southern America.22. Besides climate,__________ can contribute to your disappointment when travelling.A．hotel prices B．peaceful environmentC．transportation expenses D．troublesome holidaymakers23. What does the underlined word “invade”in the part “in Europe” mean?A．Immigration to. B．Visit separately.C．Enter in large numbers. D．Attack and occupy.BLet me tell you about my relationship with the school desk. From my first day at Penny CampElementary School in 1982,it was terrible. This is how it went down: five seconds into class, the footstart bouncing;10 seconds in, both feet; 15 seconds, I burst out the drums ! After a few minutes, it’sall over. I’m trying to put my leg behind my neck. No, that desk and I didn’t get along.Sitting still was hard enough, but I also struggled with reading. Reading out loud in class was aspecial kind of hell(地狱).By the third grade I had progressed from being one of “those kids” tobeing the “special kid”. I was found to have multiple language-based learning disabilities andattention deficit disorder (A.D.D) (注意力缺陷障碍症). I was turned into a “patient” who neededtreatment rather than a human being with differences. I struggled with severe anxiety anddepression at age 10.哈尔滨师大附中东北师大附中辽宁省实验中学I survived this time in my life because of my mom. She knew in her heart that her child wasn’t broken and didn’t need to be fixed. My mom was right. When I think back on my school experience.I realize it wasn’t the A.D.D. that disabled me. What disabled me were limitations not in myself but in the environment. I’ve come to believe that I did not have a disability, as it is common to say, but experienced disability in environments that could not accommodate and accept my differences.In the fall of 1977,after two years at Loyola Marymount University, where my learning differences were fully accommodated, I transferred to(转学)Brown University, where I graduated with an honors d egree in English literature. I still can’t spell or sit still, but I now use support and technology to relieve my weakness and build a life on my strengths. I don’t feel stupid anymore andI know that I—and others like me—can live good lives despite these challenges.24. What does the author want to tell us in the first paragraph?A. He didn’t like to study.B. He used to be active at school.C. He suffered from a broken desk.D. He had trouble sitting still in class.25. How did the author probably feel in class in his early school years?A. Exited.B. Uneasy.C. Interested.D. Bored.26. Which of the following is correct according to the last paragraph?A. He is living a good life with his weakness.B. His disability has been cured by technology.C. He got his honors degree in English literature in the fall of 1997.D. He was transferred to Brown University because of his disability.27. From the passage we learn that__________.A. a disability is nothing but a differenceB. family’s support is the most importantC. disabled people can’t live well however hard they workD. sometimes limitations of the environment disable a personCIt’s the oldest trick in the book: threaten the kids with a piece of coal, and they’ll behave in the name of Santa Claus. Some people say that parents are purposely taking in their kids by lying to them about Santa. Is it purposely cheating or playing along with the fantasy? There are always those stories about the kindergarten teacher or pa rent who would tell the kids there’s no Santa Claus, and they’d all start crying on the lost dreams. But if another teacher goes into a third-grade class and says there is a Santa Claus, they’ll all laugh at her.What I say is that if they’re at the age wh en they’re still believing, why bother to end it?Then how long should parents pretend? Studies indicate that after eight,75 percent of kids don’t believe.That’s the first “S” word that parents have to deal with—it’s not sex. It’s Santa. So the parent has to sit down and say it in a gentle way. “Listen, Santa did exist. He was a person who gave to others and now that you’re older, you can give to others and be Santa,too.” Do you think if a kid who believes in Santa walks into a third-or-fourth-grade class, his friends are going to tell him in a gentle way? No. They’re going to make fun of him, and the kid is going to run home crying, saying you lied to him. We all remember how the news is broken to us, so if we all remember, then there’s some significance or we would have forgotten it. And it’s better to have a memory if someone doing it nicely than some kids laughing at you.Santa is also used as an instrument of guilt, because Santa knows everything. So even if the kids did bad things and got away with them, Santa knew. Still. Santa alone is not a good behavioral tool. You can’t, in, say, January, play the Santa card to your child—because Christmas is too far away.28. According to the first paragraph, parents should__________.A. telling the kids that Santa does not existB. lie to their children on the problem of Santa ClausC. not tell the truth if their children believe Santa Claus existsD. tell children in advance in case of being laughed at by classmates29. Why could your kid possibly be made fun of in the fourth grade?A. He tells a lie that he believes in Santa.B. He says Santa does exist in this world.C. He expects gentle talks from his friends.D. He gives to others and acts as Santa does.30. The underlined part in the last paragraph most probably means to__________.A. play cards with children happilyB. talk the kids out of doing something badC. clarify the truth of Santa to the kids in a gentle wayD. let the children figure the problem out by themselves31. The author’s intention in writing this text is to__________.A. introduce the detailed story of Santa Claus in all aspectsB. prevent children from being laughed at by fellow classmatesC. help children to understand whether Santa Claus is real or notD. instruct parents how to explain the existence of Santa Claus to kidsDOumuamua, an object through space that was discovered on October 19th, has already made history. The speed at which it is moving relative to the sun means that it cannot be native to the solar s ystem. Its official name is thus II/2017 UI, with the “I” standing for “interstellar(星际)”—the first time this name has ever been used.That is exciting. Some scientists, though, entertain an ever more exciting possibility: what if Oumuamua is not an asteroid(小行星),as most think, but an alien(外星的)spacecraft? Asteroid come in ll sorts of shapes and sizes, but Oumuamua seems particularly different. As best as astronomers can tell, it is cigarlike, being roughly 180 meters long but only about 30 meters wide. That makes it longer than anything known of in the solar system. Such a shape would be a sensible choice for a spaceship, since it would minimize the scouring(冲刷)effect of interstellar dust.With that in mind the Breakthrough Listen project, an organization aimed at hunting for alien life, plans to turn the world’s biggest radio telescope,the Green Bank instrument in Virginia, towards Oumuamua to see if it can hear anything interesting. Oumuamua is currently about twice as far from Earth as Earth is from the sun. At that range, the telescope should be sensitive enough to pick up a transmitter about as powerful as a mobile phone after just a few seconds—worth of observations.Will it find anything? Almost certainly not. Oumuamua has the same reddish color as many as asteroids, so probably has a similar composition. And, if it really is a spaceship, it is strange that signs of its artificial origin have not been seen already. It could, in theory, be a derelict(遗弃星球). But in that case the telescope is unlikely to hear anything. By far the most likely option is that it is exactly what it seems to be: a huge space rock, one that has come to the solar system from the vast space between the stars.32. What makes some scientists think Oumuamua is possibly an alien spacecraft?A. Its size.B. Its color.C. Its shape.D. Its speed.33. What does the underlined word “that” in the third paragraph probably mean?A. The research into the solar system.B. The purpose of hunting for alien life.C. The effect of interstellar dust on Oumuamua.D. The possibility of Oumuamua being a spaceship.34. What is Oumuamua most likely to be according to the author?A. An asteroid.B. A space rock.C. Interstellar dust.D. An alien spacecraft.35. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that__________.A. Oumuamua will return to where it’s from soonB. Oumuamua’s real identity remains to be found outC. astronomers have not seen signs of Oumuamua’s artificial originD. the Green Bank telescope has already heard something from Oumuamua第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。