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使用PerkinElmer 紫外/可见/近红外分光光度计和UV WinLab 软件测试涂层面板的太阳光总反射比油漆制造商对他们产品的反射率十分关心。
反射率特性在可见光区域体现为颜色的差异，在近红外区域体现为涂料的太阳光辐射率的差异。
特别值得一提的是，反射的程度是最重要的。
该涂料可能被设计成保温的，这就要求太阳光总反射率（TSR）较低。
另外，在涂料的目的在于阻止温度上升时则需要有较高的太阳光总反射率。
以上这些测定的范围大致在280或300nm到2500nm之间。
实际中的测试范围的上限由使用的积分球所决定，积分球内壁的材料通常使用 Spectralon®，它是一种特殊的白色聚四氟乙烯烧结材料，仅当波长长于 2500nm 才会产生很强的吸收。
太阳光总反射率的计算需要初始的反射数据和每个波长下对应的太阳光加权因子。
上述算法和太阳光加权因子在各自的标准中均可查阅（如：ASTM® G 173）。
通常我们将初始数据辅以电子表格进行计算，但是这样太过冗繁——尤其是数据量非常大的情况下——并且不方便，在QC环境中能够实时显示最终结果会更方便。
应 用 资 料作者:Steve UpstonePerkinElmer, Inc. Seer Green, UK因为UV WinLab™ v6 软件具有强大的内置计算器，能够让这些类型的计算自动执行，并且通过自定义的报告模板输出。
图1中列出了一些典型涂料样本的光谱。
图1 涂料面板反射光谱（使用 Lambda950 和 150mm 积分球进行测量）现行标准表1中列出了最常用的测定或计算涂料中太阳能总反射率的标准。
大多数的制造商已经接受了ASTM ® G173新标准，其他标准尽管逐渐正式召回，但仍在使用。
结果输出图2中显示了典型报告（通用的方法和模版可以根据要求向 PerkinElmer 索取）图2 依据ASTM ® G 173.标准的太阳能总反射率的紫外WinLab报告。
Liquid ChromatographyThe PerkinElmer ®Flexar ™PDA Plus ™detector has twomodular flow cells with path lengths of 10 mm and 50mm. The 50 mm flow cell provides up to five times moresensitivity than the 10 mm path length flow cell. Thus,the 50 mm flow cell is suitable for samples with loweranalyte concentration whereas the 10 mm flow cell isadequate for samples with relatively high analyte concentration. The two levels of sensitivity provided by the modular flow cells offer options that otherwise would require the use of different types of detectors. In addition to its functionality, the unique design of these modular flow cells makes their installation virtually effortless with just one motion.A solution for achieving lower quantitation limit than with conventional UV or PDA detectorFigures 1, 2 and 3 represent chromatograms from the analysis of a solution containing 0.2 µg/mLacetaminophen and aspirin using a conventional UV/Vis detector, and the Flexar PDA Plus Detector. The two compounds are detected when the PDA Plus is used, whereas none of them are detected when a conventional UV/Vis detector is used. As shown on Table 1, when the 50 mm flow cell is used, the limit of quantitation is four times lower. The upper limit is twice as low as with the 10 mm flow cell because higher signals on the 50 mm flow cell are above the electronic threshold of the detector.Detector Flow Cells with Different Path Length forWide Linearity Range and Adjustable Level of Sensitivity Flexar PDA Plus DetectorFigure 2: Chromatogram from the analysis of 2 µ/mL solution, using the PDA Plus with a 10 mm flow cell.Figure 3: Chromatogram from the analysis of 2 µ/mL solution using the PDA Plus with a 50 mm flow cell.Linearity RangeDetector Compound (µg/mL) R-square Conventional UV/Vis Acetaminophen 1.67 - 1000 0.9999Aspirin5.20 - 1000 PDA Plus with 10 mm flow cell Acetaminophen 0.84 - 1000 0.9999Aspirin0.84 - 1000 0.9994PDA Plus with 50 mm flow cell Acetaminophen 0.20 - 500 0.9996Aspirin0.20 - 500Table 1. Linearity range Chromatographic conditions:Mobile phase: 69:28:3 water/methanol/acetic acid Sample solvent: Mobile phase Flow/injection: 0.3 mL/min; 2 µLFlush solvent: 5% acetonitrile in waterColumn: Brownlee ™ SPP C18, 100 x 2.1 mm, 2.7 µm at 45 °C (Cat# N9308404) Analytical wavelength: 275 nmChromera ®version 4.0. Sampling rate: 5 pts/secFigure 1: Chromatogram from the analysis of a 2 µ/mL solution, using a conventional UV/Vis detector.For a complete listing of our global offices, visit /ContactUsCopyright ©2013, PerkinElmer, Inc. All rights reserved. PerkinElmer ® is a registered trademark of PerkinElmer, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.010942_04PerkinElmer, Inc. 940 Winter StreetWaltham, MA 02451 USA P: (800) 762-4000 or (+1) 203-925-4602PerkinElmer’s PDA Plus, with its interchangeable modular flow cells, covers the widest detection range of any PDA or typical UV/Vis detector on the market. As shown in this technical note, the PDA Plus’ exceptional sensitivity enable the quantitation of analytes at levels that might not have been quantifiable or otherwise may have gone undetected by other UV or PDA detectors.Flow Cell path length t-isocohumulone t-isohumulone t-isoadhumulone Cohumulone Humulone 10 mm 1542353 2264386 658316 821539 1294058 395848 50 mm7226540 10548112 3147941 3919426 6099670 X times improvement4.74.74.84.84.74.8Table 2. Response from the analysis with the PDA Plus detector fitted with 10 mm and 50 mm flow cells.Figure 4. α-acids in hops using the PDA Plus a flow cell with a 10 mm path flow cell. Figure 5. α-acids in hops using the PDA Plus a flow cell with a 50 mm path flow cell.Switching from the 10 mm to the 50 mm flow cell results in a five-fold increase in responseFigures 4 and 5 represent chromatograms of a solution of hops a -acids analyzed on the Flexar FX-15 fitted with the PDA Plus™ detector. As shown in Table 2, there is a five-fold increase in response when switching from a 10 mm to a 50 mm path length flow cell.Chromatographic conditions:Mobile phase: 35%: 0.1% phosphoric acid,0.2 mmol/L EDTA 2NA 65% B: acetonitrile Sample solvent: 8:2 methanol/0.1% TFA in water Flow/injection: 1 mL/min; 4 µL volume Flush solvent: 1:1 methanol/waterColumn: Brownlee ™ SPP C18, 100 x 3.5 mm, 2.7 µm at 40 ° C (Cat# N9308410) Analytical wavelength: 270 nmChromera ® version 4.0, sampling rate 5pts/sec。
TG-GC/MS: Analysis of Microplastics in Suspended Solids1IntroductionMicroplastics are a major concern due to their impact on the environment. There is growing research into microplastics, typically submillimeter in size, and which often end up in waterways and oceans. They remain in a suspended state and can be ingested by marine organisms; thereby entering and accumulating within the food chain.
Material thermal decomposition analysis is commonly done by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. The products are accumulated and analyzed indirectly thereafter. Unfortunately, this often results in insufficient information on the identity of the degradation products and little to no information on when degradation products are formed.
Hyphenated thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS), referred to as TG-GC/MS, enables in-depth characterization of evolved gases through real-time analysis of the products resulting from the thermal decomposition of the suspended microplastic matter. This results in greater information on the identity of the degradation products as well as details on when the degradation products are formed.
页 1/9根据 GB/T 16483-2008, GB/T 17519-2013打印日期 2020.05.13在 2020.05.13 审核· GHS危险皮肤腐蚀/严重眼睛损伤打印日期 2020.05.13在 2020.05.13 审核化学品中文(英文)名称, 化学品俗名或商品名：SIX ELEMENT A/S STD AL/CA/CR/NI/K/NA(在 1 页继续)· 事故响应P303+P361+P353如皮肤(或头发)沾染:立即脱掉所有沾染的衣服。
用水清洗皮肤/淋浴P305+P351+P338如入眼睛进:用水小心冲洗几分钟。
如戴隐形眼镜并可方便地取出,取出隐形眼镜。
继续冲洗P310立即呼叫急救中心/医生P321具体治疗(见本标签上的)· 安全储存P405存放处须加锁· 废弃处置P501处置内装物/容器按照地方/区域/国家/国际规章· 其他有害性本产品不包含任何有机卤化物混合物 (AOX)、硝酸盐、重金属混合物或甲醛.· PBT(残留性、生物浓缩性、毒性物质) 及 vPvB(高残留性、高生物浓缩性物质)评价结果· PBT(残留性、生物浓缩性、毒性物质)不适用的· vPvB(高残留性、高生物浓缩性物质):不适用的氧化性液体 第 皮肤腐钙粉遇水放出易燃气体的物钾遇水放出易燃气体的物 皮肤腐金属 遇水放出易燃气体的物 皮肤腐铝粉镍致癌性 第 敏化铬打印日期 2020.05.13在 2020.05.13 审核化学品中文(英文)名称, 化学品俗名或商品名：SIX ELEMENT A/S STD AL/CA/CR/NI/K/NA(在 2 页继续)· 食入:喝大量的清水和提供新鲜的空气. 马上召唤医生.· 给医生的资料:· 最重要的急慢性症状及其影响无相关详细资料。
· 需要及时的医疗处理及特别处理的症状无相关详细资料。
