优化方案(新课标,全国卷Ⅰ)高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型专题突破三七选五跟踪训练

第二组(建议用时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2015·济南3月模拟)If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock.According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers and non­joggers for 12 years.The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die.The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour.The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non­joggers.The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉)．Over time, this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy.Anything more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful.”The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as t’ai chi, yoga and brisk walkin g may be better for us than “iron man” events, triathlons and long­distance running and cycling.According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You don’t actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health.And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much.”1．The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”．A．hard B．regularC．practical D．flexible2. The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to________.A．suggest giving up joggingB．show risks of doing sportsC．provide supportive evidenceD．introduce the research process3．According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?A．It may injure the heart and arteries.B．It can make the body tired out.C．It will bring much pressure.D．It consumes too much energy.4．What can be inferred from the text?A．No exercise at all is the best choice.B．More exercise means a healthier life.C．Marathon runners are least likely to die.D．Proper exercise contributes to good health.BBig Ben，the Queen，a plate of ham and eggs—no，no，no.If you’re looking for a symbol of Britain，only one thing passes the test—the umbrella.Now，I know what you’re thinking—we have rain in China and we have umbrellas too.Certainly，I will never forget the way it rained when I lived in Beijing: The streets became rivers at once and the sky was full of lightning for hours on end.People ran for cover under bin bags，the shops were emptied of their plastic raincoats within seconds and I found myself soaked from head to foot，my poorly ­chosen skirt and T­shirt turned totally see­through.This would never have happened in Britain.For one thing，during my year in Beijing，it only really rained about 10 times.But although we never get a Beijing­style washout in London，the drizzle that does fall is there all the time.Even when the sky is perfectly blue，you can be sure it’s going to cloud over and start drizzling again within the hour.And when it does，there is chaos.Trains stop and buses break down as if this were the first time the local authorities had seen this wet stuff coming out of the clouds.So—as with so many things in the UK—it’s up to ordinary people to sort themselves out.No self­respecting Briton will ever leave home without his or her “brolly”—as the umbrella is known to us.A brolly has hundreds of uses，even on rare rain­free days.A real gentleman of London will use his umbrella as a walking stick.A traditional game of cricket(板球) can be played using an umbrella as a bat(球棒)．Nor do you ever have to be afraid of robbers—your umbrella doubles as a defensive weapon.There is no brolly more British than m y own.But it’s not from London or Manchester or anywhere in the UK.It was a gift from my Chinese teacher—in Beijing.How fitting that my No.1 symbol of Britishness—like almost everything in Britain nowadays—was made in China.5．The author mentioned her rainy weather experience in Beijing to show that ________．A．many foreigners have embarrassing moments living in BeijingB．the rain in Beijing is usually much heavier than the rain in LondonC．British people are more used to rainy weather than Chinese peopleD．both Beijingers and Londoners have unpleasant experiences with sudden rain6．The underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refers to “________”．A．people getting extremely wet on rainy daysB．sudden rain leading to traffic troublesC．people being well­prepared on rainy daysD．it only raining a dozen times per year7．The tone of the article is ________．A．humorous B．optimisticC．objective D．annoyed8．What is the main idea of the article?A．Beijing­style rain and London­style drizzles both bring chaos.B．Everything in Britain was made in China.C．Why the umbrella is the best symbol of Britain.D．What British people use a brolly for.Ⅱ.七选五(2015·云南师大附中适应性考试)1.________ However, sometimes resigning is the best way for you to move forward. Here are some signs that may point you toward the exit door.●Your work environment is not healthy.Stress is part of any job. But sometimes the frustrations of your job can begin to harm you.They can make you sick or depressed.2.________●You need more income.Maybe you thought the salary was OK when you took the job. However，now you need more income to support your family due to different life circumstances. Or maybe you feel that you’re not making what you’re worth.●3.________You have been in your position for a while, and your skills have improved. Now the work you’re doing no longer seems interesting. Maybe you can get more responsibilities at a different job.●The company is going down fast.The slow economy has hurt a lot of businesses.4.________ Your position might be cut next.●You have a bad relationship with your boss or coworkers.People at work don’t respect or value you. Your boss takes advantage of you. Your relationships have gotten so bad that they’re affecting the quality of your work. So finding new people to work with is a wise choice.●You quest ion the company’s moral principles.Sad to say, but many leaders in business are not very honest.5.________ Maybe the company is lying about its products or stealing ideas from others. In that case, you should find a better company to work for.Remember: The exit door can sometimes open up a world of new opportunities.A．If so, it’s time to leave.B．You are not being challenged.C．You are not highly spoken of.D．It’s common that people like changing jobs.E ．Sometimes you are told to do what you know is wrong.F ．Budget cuts and layoffs occur too often for businesses to stay alive.G ．In the economy crisis, it seems unbelievable to consider quitting your job. Ⅲ.短文改错(2015·云南第二次复习统一检测)Yesterday afternoon ，I fell illness all of a sudden.I was about to get up from the sofa while I felt dizzy as if everything were spinning around.Then my head ached a lot of.That is a kind of feeling you have when you get drunk.I go to the hospital nearby ，where I was given a medical examination.To my relief ，there was something seriously wrong with me.The doctor said the symptom was probably caused by too many pressure and tiredness.Now I think it necessarily to forget my work for little while.I need to taking some exercise every day and find ways to relax me.That really matters.第二组Ⅰ.阅读理解【解题导语】 最新的一项科学研究显示：从事剧烈运动的人与根本不锻炼的人死亡几率是一样的，而适度的锻炼会有益于健康。

七选五——线索词汇距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

命题解读专家解惑阅读七选五的五个题目难度设置分为高、中、低档三个层次。

题目设置由三个左右的中低档题，两个左右的中高档题构成。

研究近三年的高考试题可知，常会根据核心词的复现设置一道试题。

考生在做题时，应注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。

恰当地利用线索词汇，包括同义语义场的复现、反义语义场的复现及代词的指代，不仅能够帮助解答中低档题，也能够在中高档题排除干扰选项时，起到决定性的作用。

名师指要——微技法巧图解高考热考法1词汇复现法[答题微点]介绍段落主旨时，常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式出现。

考生在做题时，应注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。

[图解技巧][经典感悟]【例1】(2021·全国甲卷)A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization 37.解析：本空表示条件，与本段中的“more than that”构成反义词复[答题微点]代词的使用主要是为避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。

第二部分专题二第1讲A(2023·河南省安阳市高三一模)Need to take a screenshot (截屏) on your Windows PC? 1 , there are several quick and easy ways to take screenshots in Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows 8．This article will teach you how to use keyboard shortcuts and the built-in Snipping Tool app to screen capture (捕获) any area of your Windows desktop．1． 2 ．Before you can take a screenshot, make sure that the screen which you want to screenshot is up with no distractions (e．g．open windows or programs)．2．Find the “Print Screen” key on your keyboard．The Print Screen key is most often found in the upper-right side of the main keyboard, and it usually has “SysReq” (“System Requirements”) written below it． 3 ．3．Press the Win key and the Print Screen key at the same time．Doing so will take a screenshot of the current screen; in most cases, you'll see the screen dim (变暗) briefly．Your screen won't dim if your computer has certain display settings disabled．This is most common on old computers which you upgraded to Windows 10． 4 , try pressing Ctrl＋Win＋Print Screen or Fn＋Win＋Print Screen．4．Find the screenshot．You'll find the screenshot inside of the “Screenshots” folder (文件夹), which is inside of your computer's “Pictures” folder． 5 ．For example, the first screenshot you take will be marked “Screenshot(1)”， etc．A．Go to the screen that you want to screenshotB．If your screenshot doesn't appear when you look for itC．This perfect program can be fixed in all Windows computersD．Whether you want to make a full screenshot or just one window or areaE．The Print Screen key will usually be printed as “PrtSc” or something similar F．The recommended way for screenshots is PNG, due to the high quality and small file sizeG．Each screenshot that you take will be marked “Screenshot (number)” to correspond with the order in which the screenshot was taken【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

推理判断题A(2015·北京东城区综合练习二)Hunger is the greatest motive for the inexperienced cook.But many people are now worried that we are producing a generation without the slightest idea of how to cook—a generation that is frightened to cook.I have just received a handout from Focus on Food，which is running a competition to get children back into the kitchen.Has television cooking become a replacement for the real thing？Is this an age where famous professional cooks have turned cooking into a sort of show，with dishes far too difficult for the beginner to copy?I decided to ask my oldest daughter，Miranda，for her opinion.Are children learning enough about the importance of good cooking？Do they know cooking is a basic life skill？Sociology and other “new” subjects are all very well，but without the ability to cook，or to understand the pleasure and principles of good food and its relationship to good health，are we really preparing them for adult life?Miranda started her cooking at the age of nine，when she decided to enter the Sainsbury’s Future Cook competition.She was motivated by a different kind of greed：the first prize—a trip to Disney World.The problem，from the parental point of view，was that if she made it through to the regional (区域性的) finals，she would have to cook her meal in front of the judges.Some 30，000 children entered and she made it through as the youngest regional finalist.Now she had to learn to cook.Her hands were not even big enough to hold the knife and slice the onions.Six Saturdays running we ate the same lunch—Mozzarella meatballs in fresh tomato juice and blueberry.First，she cooked by my side，then alone with timings and instructions.Finally，she went alone against the clock.The kitchen looked like a battlefield，but she had gained victory.The tiny be－capped figure then stood in an unknown Bristol hotel，looking like a professional who had been at the stove for years.She didn’t win，but she came home with ￡50 and the most valuable part of them all：confidence.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

推理判断题推理判断题(一)A(2016·江西重点中学盟校第一次联考)Based on new analysis，we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe.Geographers predict that within the next eighty years，current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear.Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter，forcing animals to migrate(迁徙) north.Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases.Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense.If the changes come too quickly，animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.According to Science Daily，a new study predicts that by the year 2100，many of today’s familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today’s world.It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these far－reaching consequences for the whole world.The planet itself has been showing signs of change.In 2004，a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008，thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake.Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake.Within just the last few months，new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought.At this point，it doesn’t matter what is causing it，but rather，what can be done about it.What’s more，our world is getting more and more unstable every year.There is war and threat of war everywhere.Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.However，other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this.No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。

阅读七选五(二)A(2024·安徽省宿州市高三一模)No matter where you go, you'll notice something strange about trees—the fact that their bottoms are painted white．Generally speaking, the purpose of whitewashing is to protect trees from heat and insects． 1 ．Let's check them out!Blocking the sunYou might sometimes notice that some tree trunks' surfaces get dry and crack easily． 2 ．Simply put, they are exposed to the burning sun and the temperatures change wildly between day and night．Fortunately, painting a tree's trunk white is similar to adding sunscreen, which helps block the sun．Heat protection3 ．White paint reflects the heat and allows trees to spend more time on transpiration(蒸腾) and growing their fruits．Additionally, when trees are cooler, they have less stress, which makes their stomata(气孔) stay open a bit longer for the exchange of gases．Defending against pestsMore often than not, a tree's surface will crack, allowing insects to creep inside． 4 ．Therefore, people whitewash trees using latex paint and water, which prevents insects from climbing up trees and entering inside through the cracks．5Last but not least, the surface of trees is painted white to make them more visible, specifically for those on the side of the road．Why is that important? Because accidents involving trees are extremely common, especially during the night, when drivers can not see them much more clearly．A．Stopping accidentsB．Improving visibilityC．Whitewashing is a good way to solve the problemD．The cause of this phenomenon has already been foundE．Whitewashing helps young trees remain cool in springF．However, there're many other reasons for whitewashing treesG．Bacteria will feed on the tree's inner parts, eventually killing it【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

阅读七选五(三)A(2023·四川省成都市高三三模)The human brain is the command centre for the nervous system and enables thoughts, memory, movement, and emotions．1 As the population ages, the challenges for the preservation of brain health increase．It is therefore vital for seniors to understand how to protect it．Exercise regularly．Regular physical exercise tends to help fight against the natural reduction in brain connections that occur during aging．Multiple studies show that physically active people are less likely to experience a decline in their mental function and have a lower risk of developing brain disease．2 Have a “right” nap．Having a nap after lunch can be good for your brain and many seniors have developed such a good habit for long．3 While a 30-min to 90-min nap has brain benefits, anything longer than an hour and a half may create problems with cognition, the ability to think and form memories．4 Your brain is similar to a muscle—you need to use it or lose it．There are many things that you can do to keep your brain in shape, such as doing crossword puzzles, reading, or playing cards．You can also learn something new such as musical instruments, drawing, or even digital devices．Combine different types of activities to increase the effectiveness．Eat a Mediterranean diet．Studies show people who closely follow a Mediterranean diet are less likely to have brain disease than people who don't follow the diet． 5 However, we at least know that omega fatty acids found in olive oil and other healthy fats are vital for your cells to function correctly．A．Stay mentally active．B．Explore new interests if possible．C．But keep in mind that the length matters．D．Your diet plays a large role in your brain health．E．The benefits result from increased blood circulation．F．Maintaining a healthy brain is the primary goal in pursuing health．G．Further research is needed to decide which parts of the diet help brain the most．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

细节理解题A(2015·山东省实验中学一模)Three decades ago，Steve McCurry took arguably the most famous picture of all time.Yet even after all this time，the photographer is filled with enthusiasm when he talks about Afghan Girl.“I knew she had an incredible look，a sharp gaze，”he recalls.“It was before digital camera and with the big crowd and dust all around，you never knew what would happen with the film.When I developed the picture，I knew it was special.I showed it to the editor of the National Geographic，and he jumped to his feet and shouted，‘That’s our next cover’．”Not only did Afghan Girl become the magazine’s next cover，but the most successful in its distinguished history.The striking portrait of 12－year－old Sharbat Gula，in a refugee camp，was taken in December 1984 and published the following year.When McCurry reflects upon its popularity，what excites him most is the impact that this single image has had on the real world.“People volunteered to work in the refugee camps because of that photograph，”he says.“Afghans are incredibly proud of it，as the girl is poor but shows great pride，strong will and self－respect.It drew attention to their poor situation，and inspired a lot of people.” It also led the National Geographic to set up the Afghan Children’s Fund—and meant that to this day，McCurry is never charged a fare by appreciative Afghan taxi drivers.The portrait forms the centerpiece of a major exhibition of McCurry’s work，which opened recently in Monza，Italy，and will run until 6 April.The famous photograph is just one of thousands of extraordinary pictures that McCurry has taken over a 40－year career，during which he has won dozens of awards.For many years，frontline war photography like this was McCurry’s stock in trade.Indeed，it enabled him to make his name.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。