被动语态(完整版)

一、谓语动词用主动表被动的五种情形(1) 某些连系动词 (如 look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove 等)要用主动表被动，因为连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式：That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。

Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。

My advice proved to be wrong.我的意见证实是错的。

(2)当 open, close, shut, lock, move 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义：The door won't shut.这门关不上。

The supermarket doors shut automatically.超市的门是自动关的。

【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can't, won't等连用，注意它与用被动语态含义不同：The window won't shut.这窗户关不上。

(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了)The window won't be shut.这窗户将不用关上。

(窗户本身没问题，只是不用关)有时可能用主动和被动形式均可，只是强调重点稍有不同：Suddenly the door opened.突然门开了。

(不强调动作执行者)The door was suddenly opened.门突然被打开了。

(强调动作执行者)(3)当 read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时，通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：The cloth washes well.这种布料好洗。

The book sells quickly.这书销售得快。

This cheese doesn't cut easily. It's too soft.这乳酪不容易切，太软了。

被动语态的几种特殊用法(1)主动形式表示被动意义1)常见的这类动词有：“act，add up，clean，compare，count，cook，draw，fill，iron，keep，let，look，make up，milk，kill，open，photograph，prove，read，sell，smoke，spoil”等。

The window won’t open．(这扇窗户打不开。

)The cow milks well．(这头牛出奶率很高。

)Damp wood will not fire．(湿木不易燃烧。

)She doesn’t photograph well．(她不上相。

)His judgment proved wrong．(他的判断是错的。

)The banana peels easily．(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。

)Flies kill easily in autumn．(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。

)It turned out fine that day．(结果那天天气很好。

)How did his coat catch on a nail? (他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?)2)实用动词“need／want／deserve／require +V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义。

My hair needs cutting。

．The bike wants repairing．It doesn’t deserve mentioning．Hamlet is required reading for the course．(《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。

)3)一些固定句型如："be worth doing sth．have/get sth．(sb.)done"，以及to be under(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义：Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting．(北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。

The Passive Voice被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化1)am/is/are +done (过去分词 ) 一般现在时2） has /have been done现在完成时3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时4） was/were done 一般过去时5） had been done 过去完成时6） was/were being done 过去进行时7） shall/will be done 一般将来时8） should/would be done 过去将来时2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。

其形式为：情态动词＋ be ＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for hisbirthday.3)当“动词 +宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词 have, make,let以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为 A stranger was seento walk into the building.5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。

The Passive Voice被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1。

被动语态的基本时态变化1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时2）has /have been done 现在完成时3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时4）was/were done 一般过去时5）had been done 过去完成时6）was/were being done 过去进行时7）shall/will be done 一般将来时8）should/would be done 过去将来时2。

被动语态的特殊结构形式1）带情态动词的被动结构。

其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。

例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby—sitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。

例His mother gave him a present for his birthday。

可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday。

3）当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。

例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词have，make,let以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear，feel，observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5）有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词",“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。

语态(VOICE)语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态：主动语态(Active V oice)和被动语态（Passive V oice）。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

如：The people supported him. He was supported by the people.一、被动语态的形式(Forms of Passive Voice)被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成。

助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

[注] 被动语态与不同时态结合的变化形式一概表现在助动词be上。

一般现在时：English is widely spoken all over the world.一般过去时：The bridge was built in 1973.一般将来时：The baby will be taken to hospital soon.过去将来时：He said he would be criticized for what he did.现在完成时：The book has been translated into many languages.过去完成时：By 1960, 100 schools had been set up.现在进行时：The building is being built.过去进行时：When I went to the city, a high building was being built.将来完成时：This class will have been taught by Mr. Brown for two years by next summer.过去将来完成时：The headmaster said the article would have been translated by six o’clock.[注] 一般说来，及物动词可用于被动语态，因为及物动词有宾语，把宾语变成主语，句子即可改为被动结构。

(完整版)被动语态练习题含答案一、选择题1．As soon as books ________, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.A．are raised B．were raised C．raised D．have raised 2．—How do you like the poem ? —It’s a bit too long, but anyway, it________well. A．reads B．is read C．is reading D．has read 3．Don’t discuss the problem with your partner unless you ________ to.A．ask B．are asked C．will ask D．will be asked 4．—Do you have any problems if you _________ this job?—Well, I'm thinking about the working day.A．offer B．are offered C．will offer D．will be offered 5．— Who got the first prize?— Millie did. The result ______ just now.A．is announced B．announce C．was announced D．announced 6．—Excuse me, Mum. When can we have dinner?—Not until it ___________in half an hour.A．is prepared B．has been preparedC．will be prepared D．was prepared7．Penicillin(青霉素)was first _______ by Fleming early in the twentieth century. A．invented B．discovered C．created D．produced 8．—Aunt Li, who is the pretty girl in red in the picture?—It’s my daughter. The picture________10 years ago.A．took B．is taken C．has taken D．was taken9．At last, the girl was made _________ to music and began to do her homework.A．stop listening B．to stop to listenC．to stop listening D．stop to listen10．The historical drama Serenade of Peaceful Joy has received high praise for its story, costume, and make-up since it ________ on screen on April 7th.A．was put B．is put C．has been put D．will be put 11．Don't touch that machine ________ you ________.A．if; are allowed B．unless; are allowedC．if; allow D．unless; are allowed to12．— Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone?— Because it ___________ by Huawei last week.A．was produced B．would produce C．have produced D．was producing 13．Good news! The film Titanic has returned to big screen in 3D fifteen years after it ________. A．has shown B．was shown C．shows D．will be shown 14．— Amy, do you know what will happen in Dongtai?— The high-speed railway from Yancheng to Nantong ________ soon.A．will be completed B．will complete C．was completed D．completed 15．—Excuse me, sir. When can we drive on the highway? —Not until it ________next week. A．is built B．builds C．will build D．will be built 16．When the natural park _____ ，it will be a good place for people to play and relax.A．has completed B．will complete C．is completed D．will be completed 17．— When can we play football in our football field? — Not until it________.A．will be repaired B．is repaired C．repairs D．has repaired 18．Last March, thousands of trees ______ along the street to make our city more beautiful. A．were planted B．were planting C．would plant D．planted 19．Different kinds of robots________in the coming robot show in our city.A．display B．are displayed C．will display D．will be displayed 20．The villagers expect that the bridge_______before the rainy season comes.A．is completed B．was completed C．will be completed D．has been completed 21．The film Hi! Mom has received high praise since it ________ on screen on February 12. A．was put B．is put C．has been put D．will be put 22．—Mr Yang, when shall we leave school this afternoon?—Not until the classroom _______.A．has cleaned B．will clean C．will be cleaned D．is cleaned 23．Experienced doctors and nurses ________ in Hubei Province at the beginning of this year. A．need B．were needed C．are needed D．needed24．It’s known that Chinese by more and more people in the world now.A．speak B．was spoken C．spoke D．is spoken 25．After the Chinese spacecraft’s landing on Mars ________ on May 16, 2021, we felt even prouder of our country.A．announces B．announced C．were announced D．was announced 26．—Over the past 70 years, China’s high-speed railway ________ fast.—That’s true. The project of Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway that goes through Rugao ________ by the end of this year.A．has developed; will be completed B．is developing; will completeC．has developed; will complete D．is developing; will be completed 27．—Henry, did you drive back to your hometown during the May Day holiday?— No. I was ________ to take the train because the traffic is often the busiest on the highway. A．praised B．taught C．prevented D．advised28．It is reported that a total of 71,000 5G base stations ________ in Jiangsu Province in 2020. A．build B．built C．were built D．have built 29．Finally both sides have reached an agreement, but the details later.A．are discussing B．are discussed C．will discuss D．will be discussed 30．— When shall we hand in our book review on The Kite Runner?— As soon as it ________.A．completes B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed31．—It’s so cold! Why not close the window?—Sorry. It________. I’ll have it________.A．won’t be shut , repaired B．won’t shut , repairingC．haven’t shut , repairing D．isn’t shutting , repairing32．After the first luna r samples ________, Chang’e 5 finished its task on the moon.A．collect B．collected C．were collected D．will be collected 33．When the new city square ________ next year, it will be a good place for people to relax. A．will be finished B．is finishing C．was finished D．is finished 34．When he went abroad for further study, his parents and children _______ by his wife. A．are well taken care of B．took good care ofC．were taken good care D．were taken good care of35．A number of volunteers ____________ for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. A．will be needed B．were needed C．are needing D．will be needing 36．—Aunt Li, who is the lovely boy in red in the picture?—It’s my son. The picture ________ 10 years ago.A．took B．is taken C．has taken D．was taken 37．The 24th Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing on February 2, 2022.A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．are hold38．A new railway station ________ in my town next year.A．builds B．built C．is built D．will be built 39．—Are you going to Sam’s birthday party the day a fter tomorrow?—I’m not sure. I will go with you if I ______.A．will invite B．invite C．will be invited D．am invited 40．With the development of 5G technology, more self-driving cars ________ in the near future. A．use B．are used C．will use D．will be used【参考答案】一、选择题1．B【详解】句意：书一被筹集好，志愿者们就给希望小学的学生们寄去了。

【英语】被动语态（完整版）一、单项选择被动语态ually Beijing Roast Duck together with special pancakes, green onions and sweetsauce.A. was servedB. will serveC. is servedD. served【答案】C【解析】考查时态和被动语态。

句意：通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。

句子说的是一般情况，要用一般现在时态；句子主语Beijing Roast Duck是单数第三人称，和谓语动词serve之间是被动关系，所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为Co2.The two nurses 100, 000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of theexplosion.A. rewardedB. would be rewardedC. have been rewardedD. had been rewarded【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100, 000元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。

根据"but donated it to victims of the explosion/,可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏100, 000元”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选D。

考点：考查时态和语态3.（桂林部分学校高三质量检测）The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front to arrive.A. will be expectedB. is expectingC. expectsD. is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。

被动语态(完整版)一、单项选择被动语态1．The classroom ________ by students every day.A．cleans B．cleanedC．is cleaned D．is cleaning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。

句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。

句子主语The classroom，单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选C。

2．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology.A．has discovered B．has been discoveredC．had discovered D．had been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。

科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。

3．—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?—Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.A．was sent B．has been sentC．had been sent D．would be sent【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。

句意：——Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？——很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。

由语境可知，Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时态。

被动语态用法详解TENSE 主动语态被动语态am\is\are+V(p. 一般现在时be+V.\V.sp)一般将来时will'be going to\be (about)to+V. will be +V(p.p)am\is\are+bein 现在进行时am\is\are+V.ingg+V(p.p)was\were+V(p. 一般过去时①was\were ② V.edp)have\has+bee 现在完成时have\has+V.p.pn+V(p.p)had+been+V(p 过去完成时had+V.p.p.p)was\were+bein 过去进行时was\were+V.ingg+V(p.p)情态动词情态动词情态动词+V.+be+V(p.p)被动语态牢记一点，be加动词过去分词。

分析句中主和谓，承受者作主语即被动。

短语动词不可忘介、副词。

另有不及物动词，只有主动无被动。

还要注意其时态，与主动语态全相同。

不用被动语态的情况1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：appear, die （死亡）,disappea（（消失），end （vi. 结束），fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silenee, lose heart, take place. After the fire, very littleremained of my house. 比较：rise, fall, happen 是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。

（错）The price has been risen.（对）The price has risen.（错）The accident was happened last week.（对）The accident happened last week.（错）The price has raised.（对）The price has been raised.（错）Please seat.（对）Please be seated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。

被动语态用主动表达被动语态是指在不知谁是动作执行者或没必要指出谁是动作执行者，或需要强调动作的承受者时使用，其基本形式是“系动词+过去分词”。

但在现实语言运用中，会出现一些用主动形式表达被动含义的情况，现将英语中用主动语态表达被动含义的几种情况归纳如下：1. 表“需要”含义的动词，如need, want, require等作谓语时，其主语若是物时，这些动词后面可接动名词主动形式表示被动含义。

如：The garden doesn't need watering, it rained last night. 这个园子不需要浇水，昨晚刚下过雨。

The carpet really requires cleaning. 这块地毯确实需要清理了。

注：这种情况下，也可接不定式的被动语态表达同种含义。

如：This sentence needs explaining once more.=This sentence needs to be explained once more. 这个句子需要再解释一遍。

2. 有一类动词既是及物的，又是不及物的，但如果表示主语内在的特征、性质或所处的状态而不是强调动作本身，就要用动词的主动形式表被动，这样用起来简洁，符合英美人的习惯。

常见的动词有：sell, wash, write, wear, open, shut, lock, close, start,begin, read, tear, boil, burn, grow, break, change, weigh, measure等。

请看下面三个句子，体会划线部分的不同：His books sell well, so they are sold out soon. 他的书很畅销，所以很快就被卖光了。

The door won't open, so we'll ask the repairman to open it. 这门就是打不开，所以，我们将请修理工打开它。

(完整版)现在完成进行时的被动语态一、现在完成进行时的构成：现在完成进行时的被动语态由“have been being + 过去分词”构成。

其中，have/has been表示谓语动词的完成进行时，being表达动作正在进行，过去分词表示动作的被动。

例如：The cake has been being baked.（蛋糕一直在被烤。

）The work has been being done by my assistant.（这项工作一直被我的助手进行。

）二、现在完成进行时的用法：1. 表示已经开始并持续进行的动作，在现在甚至过去一段时间内都可能持续进行下去。

例如：He has been being trained as a pilot for two years.（他已经接受飞行员培训两年了。

）The books have been being written by the author for months.（这些书作者已经写了好几个月。

）2. 描述对现在或将来的影响，主要强调动作的持续性。

例如：The road has been being repaired, so you should find an alternative route.（这条路一直在修，所以你应该找一条替代道路。

）She has been being treated for the illness, but her condition is still unstable.（她一直在治疗这个病，但她的情况仍然不稳定。

）三、特殊情况：1. certain, describe, and know这些词在现在完成进行时的被动语态中不使用。

例如：Incorrect: The new project has been being known by everyone.（错误：新项目已被大家所知。

）Correct: The new project has been known by everyone.（正确：新项目已被大家所知。

()1. One or two man-made satellites ______ in our country every year.A. have been sent upB. will be sent upC. is sent upD. are sent up()2. Our TV set _____ yesterday.A. is repairedB. was repairedC. had been repairedD. would be repaired()3. A new building _____ in our school next year.A. will be builtB. is builtC. is being builtD. has been built ()4. Many books on science _____ since I went to college.A. were boughtB. have been bought C, will be bought D. are bought()5. A wonderful English talk _____ by Mr Liu tomorrow.A. has been givenB. is givenC. is being givenD. will be given()6. How _____ the Great Pyramid ()____ many years ago withoutmodern machines.A. isbuiltB. would be builtC. have been builtD.was built() Food and clothes ____ by women.A is often talk about B. are often talkedC. are often talked aboutD. often talked about()8. _____ the work _____ yet ?A. isfinishedB. Willbe finishedC. Has been finishedD. Would be finished()Such films _____ by children like you.A. must be not seenB. must not be seeC. must not seenD. must not be seen()10.Trees _____ in winter but in spring.A. not can be plantedB. can be not plantedC. can ’ t be plantedD. can not be plant()11.This kind of cars ____ in Japan ten years ago.A. can only be madeB. could only madeC. be could only madeD. could only be made() Jack often does things foolishly, so he ____ sometimes _____ byothers.A. is laughedB. is laughed atC. was laughedD. has been laughed at()13.The bear ______ to the zoo tomorrow morning.A. may be sendB. may is sentC. may be sentD. is may sent()14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _____ in our city.. A. are put up B. have put upC. have been putD. have been put up( )15. Such films _____ by children like you.A. must be not seenB. must not be seeC. must notseen D. must not be seen二、用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。

【精品】被动语态(完整版) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．Many subway stations, including the one near our school, ________ at present for a better transport in the city. A．are constructing B．are being constructed C．is constructing D．is being constructed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中，以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行，句中主语Many subway stations和动词construct是被动关系，所以此处用现在进行时的被动，与主语一致，故选B. 【点睛】 现在进行时的被动结构：be + being+过去分词 A number of Dongfeng trucks are being shipped abroad.一批东风卡车正被运往国外。

1）“be being done” 中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。

2）将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是：把be doing变为be being done. 例1. The students are cleaning the classroom now. →The classroom is being cleaned now. 现在学生们正在打扫教室。 (are cleaning变为is being cleaned) 例2. The boy is counting some sheep. →Some sheep are being counted. 那男孩正在数羊。 (is counting 变为 are being counted)

2．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。

英语被动语态总结与练习一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be随时态的变化而变化。

以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done 现在完成时All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here．4) was/were done 一般过去时I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5) had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6) was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there.7) shall/will be done 一般将来时Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8) should/would be done 过去将来时The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）The project will have been completed before July.10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1) 带情态动词的被动结构。