被动语态专题

语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。

被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态结色是“be+及物动词的过去分词”。

be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。

以动词do为例，将被动语态的各种构成形式列表如下：一般式进行式完成式现在Am/are/is done Am/are/is beingdoneHave/has been done 过去Was/were done Was/were beingdoneHad been done将来Shall/will be done Shall/will have beendone1. 被动语态的常用句式肯定句式否定句式一般疑问句式特殊疑问句式主语+be+过去分词+by…主语+be + not+过去分词+byBe+主语+过去分词+by…?特殊疑问词（不作主语）+be +主语+过去分词+by …?特殊疑问词（作主语）+be + 过去分词+by …?The sapphire is guarded by a snake. 蓝宝石被一条蛇护卫着。

The glass was not broken by Leech. 玻璃不是李其打碎的。

Is the poem written by Shakespeare? 这首诗是莎士比亚写的吗？When was the school football team set up? 学校足球队是什么时候建立的？2. 含有情态动词的常用被动句式肯定句式否定句式一般疑问句式特殊疑问句式主语+情态动词+be原形+过去分词+by …主语+情态动词+ not+be原形+过去分词+by …情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+by …?特殊疑问词（不作主语）+情态动词+主语+be+过去分词+by …?特殊疑问词（作主语）+情态动词+be+过去分词+by …?Such work can be done in an hour or so. 这项工作可以在一个小时左右做完。

语法专题动词的语态Name:___________ Date:__________常考知识清单一1.被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词2.各种时态的主动被动语态结构（以动词do为例）going to+ bewas/were+ being二、被动语态的用法★被动语态中主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况:1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。

*This watch is made in China.2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。

*More trees must be planted every year.3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。

*Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语（强调汉语的使用广泛）4.动作的发出者不是人时.*Many houses were washed a way in the flood.常考知识清单二三步曲1.要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变主格。

2.把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。

3.谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。

主动语态：动作执行者＋谓语动词主动形式＋动作承受者被动语态：动作承受者＋谓语动词被动形式＋动作执行者*We asked him to sing an English song.*He was asked to sing an English song by us.谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可将直接宾语转化成主语。

若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接语前加上介词to或for。

*She gave me a book.（变为被动语态）→I was given a book.（间接宾语me改为主语）许多由不及物动词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态。

(完整版)被动语态专题(练习题含答案)一、选择题1．The school hall ________ next week to celebrate this year's Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 2．— Mom, can I eat a hamburger? —- Sure, if the dishes __________.A．washed B．are washed C．will wash D．will be washed 3．Much attention should ________ these details.A．pay B．be paid C．pay to D．be paid to 4．When you visit a museum, some instructions should ________ and we’d better not ________ them.A．pay attention to; be against B．be paid attention; againstC．be paid attention to; against D．be paid attention to; be against5．We're sure that the environment in our city ______ greatly through our work in the near future. A．improved B．was improved C．has improved D．will be improved 6．In Switzerland, things like glass and plastic ______ into different groups and then recycled. A．separate B．separated C．are separated D．is separated7．--Can Mr. King spare some time for the charity show?--If he ___, he will try his best to make it.A．will be invited B．is invitedC．invites D．invited8．—Aunt Li, who is the pretty girl in red in the picture?—It’s my daughter. The picture________10 years ago.A．took B．is taken C．has taken D．was taken9．Don't touch that machine ________ you ________.A．if; are allowed B．unless; are allowedC．if; allow D．unless; are allowed to10．—Have you heard of the pop song Little Apple?—Yes. It________every evening when aged people do square dancing downstairs.A．plays B．is played C．was played D．played 11．—Are you goin g to Sam’s birthday party the day after tomorrow?—I’m not sure. I will go with you if I ______.A．will invite B．invite C．will be invited D．am invited 12．Many travel vouchers (旅游优惠券) ________ to attract more and more tourists next five months.A．will send B．will be sent C．are sent D．send 13．—People should still keep a social distance these days.—Yes. A large number of masks ________ in the following months.A．needed B．are needed C．were needed D．will be needed 14．It is amazing to the whole world that Huoshenshan Hospital and Leishenshan Hospital________ in 10 days.A．completed B．were completed C．will complete D．will be completed 15．A display of music and fireworks ______at the 3rd Yangzhou International Lighting Festival on July 20, 2018.A．was held B．were held C．has held D．will be held 16．Chinese __________by more and more people in the world now.A．speak B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken 17．Different kinds of robots________in the coming robot show in our city.A．display B．are displayed C．will display D．will be displayed 18．一My father's office is in the east of the city. He spends two hours driving to and from work every day.一It will be easier for him when the road ________ next month.A．repairs B．is repaired C．will repair D．will be repaired 19．—The film Coco ________ with the Oscar Award not long ago.—That’s great! It deserves such a high prize.A．presents B．presented C．is presented D．was presented 20．The historical drama Serenade of Peaceful Joy has received high praise for its story, costume, and make-up since it ________ on screen on April 7th.A．was put B．is put C．has been put D．will be put 21．— Excuse me, where is the nearest post office? —It’s ________ to the bank, but it ________ for a few days.A．close; has closed B．close; has been closed C．closed; has been closed D．closed; has been close22．Experienced doctors and nurses ________ in Hubei Province at the beginning of this year. A．need B．were needed C．are needed D．needed23．It’s known that Chinese by more and more people in the world now.A．speak B．was spoken C．spoke D．is spoken 24．Last year Huai'an Flyover(高架) _________. Now it brings much convenience to people. A．finished B．finishes C．is finishing D．was finished 25．—Henry, did you drive back to your hometown during the May Day holiday?— No. I was ________ to take the train because the traffic is often the busiest on the highway. A．praised B．taught C．prevented D．advised26．It is reported that a total of 71,000 5G base stations ________ in Jiangsu Province in 2020. A．build B．built C．were built D．have built 27．Your order ________ if you fail to pay for it in 15 minutes on Meituan.A．cancels B．is cancelled C．will cancel D．will be cancelled 28．— Mum, may I watch TV for a while?— As soon as your homework _______ you can.A．finishes B．will finish C．is finished D．will be finished 29．Don’t discuss the problem with your partner unless you ________ to.A．ask B．are asked C．will ask D．will be asked30．—If you ________ another chance next time, can you do it better, Jack?—That’s for sure. Trust me!A．give B．will give C．are given D．will be given 31．—My father works in Shanghai. It takes him much time to go home every month.—Don’t worry. It’ll be easier and quicker after Taizhou High-Speed Rail Station _______. A．builds B．is built C．will build D．will be built 32．It’s reported that the Tokyo Olympic Games ________ from July 23 to August 8 this year. A．would hold B．have held C．will be held D．were held 33．Yancheng-Xuzhou high-speed railway ________ in 2019. Now it brings much convenience to people.A．finishes B．finished C．is finished D．was finished 34．When he went abroad for further study, his parents and children _______ by his wife. A．are well taken care of B．took good care ofC．were taken good care D．were taken good care of35．A great number of volunteers ________ for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. A．will need B．are needed C．will be needed D．were needed 36．—A meeting ________ in our community to show people how to sort their garbage this weekend.—That’s great. Let’s go to the meeting toget her.A．will hold B．will be held C．hold D．is held37．Now waste from daily life in the city of Suzhou ________ to be separated into four different groups.A．is requiring B．is required C．was required D．required38．A new railway station ________ in my town next year.A．builds B．built C．is built D．will be built 39．On Jack's birthday, many gifts and love ________ to him.A．was given B．is given C．are given D．were given 40．The film Hi! Mom has received high praise since it ________ on screen on February 12. A．was put B．is put C．has been put D．will be put【参考答案】一、选择题1．D【详解】句意：为庆祝即将举行的科学技术节，学校大堂下个月就要装修。

高中英语被动语态考点专题训练单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、Internet users have for far too long existed in an ignorant malaise (难以描述的问题) about cybercrime and must now be ________if they truly value personal data.A．wakenB．awakenC．awokeD．awoken答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析和被动语态。

句意：长期以来，互联网用户一直处于对网络犯罪的无知不安之中，如果他们真的重视个人数据，现在必须唤醒他们。

A. waken唤醒，醒来；B. awaken唤醒，唤起；C. awoke醒来(awake 的过去式)；D. awoken唤起(awake的过去分词)。

结合句意，分析句子结构可知，设空处与助动词be构成被动语态作谓语，应用过去分词形式，四个选项中只有 awoken是过去分词，意为“唤起”，符合句意。

故选D项。

2、So far, no agreement ________ by the two sides.A．has been reachedB．was reachedC．will reachD．will have reached答案：A解析：考查时态和语态。

句意：到目前为止，双方还没有达成任何协议。

由时间状语so far可知，句子应该用现在完成时态。

又因为agreement和reach之间是被动关系，所以应该用现在完成时的被动语态。

故选A。

3、Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for electronic communication tools ______ more convenient by then.A．have developedB．have been developedC．will have been developedD．will have developed答案：C解析：考查动词时态和语态。

Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.成功是，你即使跨过一个又一个失败，但也没有失去热情。

被动语态一、被动语态的结构被动语态的结构为be动词加动词的过去分词,即“be+done”。

在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。

二、常用被动语态的情况1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。

This watch is made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。

2.没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。

Many trees must be planted every year.每年必须种许多树。

3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。

Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。

(强调汉语的广泛使用)4.动作的发出者是物。

Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房子被洪水冲走了。

三．不同时态的被动语态1.时态和语态的结合是河北中考的必考点,尤其是一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态。

时态被动语态例句一般现在时am/is/are+done The classroom is cleaned by us.一般过去时was/were+done The kite was made by him.一般将来时will/shall+be done Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.2.其他时态的被动语态时态被动语态例句现在完成时 have/has+been done The work has been finished by Jim.过去完成时had+been done The work had been finished by Jim by last week. 现在进行时am/is/are+beingdoneThe flowers are being watered by her.过去进行时was/were+beingdoneA letter was being written by her.过去将来时would/be goingto+bedoneHe said a kite would be made by him.3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+done”。

专题09 动词的被动语态一、句型转换（2022·上海中考真题）1. The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态）A new kind of insect _________ _________ by the research group last week.【答案】①. was ①. discovered【解析】【详解】句意：该研究小组上周发现了一种新的昆虫。

原句是一般过去时，被动语态是一般过去时的被动语态，主语中心词是“kind”，be动词用was。

故填was；discovered。

（2021·上海中考真题）2．Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients’lives. （改为被动语态）A lot of patients’lives ________ ___________ by Doctor Wu Mengchao.【答案】were saved【详解】句意：吴医生挽救了很多病人的生命。

此处改为被动语态，saved是一般过去时，主语a lot of patients' lives是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，故填were saved。

（2020·上海中考真题）3．The 13yearold onearmed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态）A lot of fans_____ _____by the 13yearold one armed basketball player.【答案】were attracted【解析】句意：这位13岁的独臂篮球运动员吸引了许多球迷。

原句是一般过去时，改为一般过去时态的被动语态，结构是was/were+过去分词；主语fans复数，助动词用were；故填were attracted。

第十章被动语态一、被动语态的结构被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态是由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成的。

被动语态主要用于两种情况:1.不知道动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时;(一)单宾语及物动词的被动语态在一般情况下，将主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，动词变为被动语态，主动句的主语变为助的宾语，但时短语可以不要。

如:They found a wallet in the car.他们在车中捡到一个钱包。

→A wallet was found in the car.钱包是在车中捡到的。

(二)双宾语及物动词的被动语态有些动词（如：give,tell,buy等）在句中做谓语时可有两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），又称双宾语。

含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，可以将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。

一般是将主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语。

当直接宾语变为被动结构的主语时，间接宾语前应加介词to（有时可以省去）或for。

如：My mother gave me a pencil.→I was given a pencil by my mother.或:A pencil was given(to)me by my mother.（介词to可以省略）Father bought me a new coat. →I was bought a new coat.或：A new coat was bought for me.（介词for不可省略）注意：被动句中两个间接宾语对比时，其前的介词to不可省略。

如：This apple is given to me,not to you.这个苹果时给我的，不是给你的。

(三)复杂宾语及物动词的被动语态有些动词后面可以跟“宾语+补足语”结构，这种结构被称作复合宾语。

含复合宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，只将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语，宾语补足语保留不动，这时它就成了主语补足语。