定语从句——关系代词
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定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词归纳在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词是起到连接作用的词语,它们可以将一个句子与一个修饰它的定语从句连接起来。
在使用过程中,我们需要注意它们的用法和区别。
本文将对定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词进行归纳和总结。
一、关系代词关系代词是用来引导定语从句并且在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者介词宾语的词语。
主要有以下几个关系代词:1. 关系代词"that":在非限制性定语从句中不能使用,一般用来引导非人的先行词,如物品、动物等。
例如:I have a book that is interesting.2. 关系代词"who":主要指人,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。
例如:I have a friend who is a doctor.3. 关系代词"which":一般用来引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个句子或者句子中的某一部分。
例如:This is my car, which is red.4. 关系代词"whom":同样指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例如:I have a friend whom I trust.5. 关系代词"whose":用来指人或物,表示所属关系。
例如:This is the girl whose bag was stolen.二、关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句并且在定语从句中表示地点、时间、程度、原因等关系的副词。
主要有以下几个关系副词:1. 关系副词"where":表示地点,在定语从句中修饰名词。
例如:This is the place where we met.2. 关系副词"when":表示时间,在定语从句中修饰名词。
例如:This is the day when we first met.3. 关系副词"how":表示方式或程度,在定语从句中修饰名词。
英语语法:定语从句中的关系代词 定语从句中关系代词的选⽤主要由先⾏词决定。
关系代词⼀般有that , which。
以下是店铺带来关系代词的相关内容,希望对你有帮助。
【语法】 (1)关系代词who,whom,whose,that,which,as的⽤法 中的关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as,它们是⽤来引导定语从句的。
关系代词既代表定语从句所修饰的词,⼜在其所引导的从句中承担⼀个成分,如主语、宾语、表语或定语。
如: This is the man who saved your son. 这就是救了你⼉⼦的.那个⼈。
(who在从句中作主语,先⾏词是man) The man whom I met yesterday is Jim. 我昨天见到的那个⼈是吉姆。
(whom在从句中作宾语,它的先⾏词是man) He wants a room whose window looks out over the sea. 他想要个窗户⾯临⼤海的房间。
(whose在从句中作定语,它的先⾏词是room) I walked to the gate that opened towards the lake. 我⾛向那扇临湖的⼤门。
(that在从句中作主语,它的先⾏词是gate) This is the pen which he bought yesterday.(which在从句中作宾语,它的先⾏词是pen,可省略) As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 众所周知,⽉球每个⽉绕地球转⼀周。
(as在从句中作主语,指代主句) (2)关系代词who,whom,whose的区别 a) who和whom均只⽤于指⼈,不⽤于指事或物,其中who在定语从句中⽤作主语,whom在定语从句中⽤作宾语。
第一节定语一.定义:定语是用来修饰名词或者代词的成分。
一般由形容词、副词、数词、代词、不定式等充当。
1.形容词作定语:She is a good musician.I gave her something delicious to eat.2 .名词作定语:There is a lemon tree.Look at this baby dog !3.(形容词性物主)代词作定语:Your hair needs cutting.He is my friend.4.数词作为定语:There is one way to go.Here are three cakes and two sausages.5.不定式做定语:There is nothing to do today.6.介词短语作定语:The boy in blue is reading books.课堂练习请找出下列句子中的定语部分:1.The red ball is flying.2.What a small lovely Chinese panda!3.We love our motherland.4.Three hamburgers are enough.5.Is there anything wrong?一.定义:定语从句就是修饰名词或代词的从句。
She is a beautiful girl.(形容词做定语)She is a girl(先行词)who (关系代词)has blue eyes and curly hair.(定语从句)关系代词的作用:1.连接先行词和定语从句(引导定语从句)2.指代先行词3.做从句的某一成分(主语/宾语/表语)二.关系代词的选择先行词指人,关系代词在从句中做主语时,关系代词用who 或者that。
This is the man who/that helped us yesterday.The aunt who/that wears skirt is my father’s sister.先行词指物,关系代词在从句中做主语时,关系代词用which 或者that。
定语从句I 关系代词定义:在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句,叫做定语从句。
基本构成:先行词+关系间+定语从句。
先行词:它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
关系词:连接先行同和定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句,同时指代先行词,并在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
引导定语从句的关系词有两类:关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等, 关系副词有when, where, why 等。
一、关系代词的用法指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
Here comes the girl who wants to see you.想见你的那个女孩过来了。
(作主语)Danny was a man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的一个人。
(作宾语)指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。
Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。
(作宾语)可修饰人,也可修饰物,表“所属“关系,whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人,他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
(作定语)指事物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。
China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。
习惯上指人多用who, whom,指物多用which.The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。
定语从句的关系代词在复合句中修饰某个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
学习定语从句,引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose(一般指人);which(一般指物); that(指人或物)等。
在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。
如:1. This is the teacher who / that teaches us English. 这就是教我们英语的老师。
(关系代词who / that 作主语。
)2. Do you understand the sentence which / that I have just explained to you? 你们懂不懂我刚才给你们讲的那个句子? (关系代词which / that 作have explained 的宾语。
)3. China is no longer the country that she used to be. 中国不再是过去那样的国家了。
(关系代词that 作be的表语。
)4. Do you know the student whose composition is the best in our school? 你认识那个在我们学校作文最好的学生吗? (关系代词whose作composition的定语。
)关系代词引导定语从句要注意下列几个问题:一、关系代词与先行词。
关系代词所修饰的(或指代的)词叫做先行词;先行词如果是“物”,则关系代词用which或that; 先行词如果是“人”,则关系代词用who或that; 也就是说,that 既可用来修饰“人”也可用来修饰“物”。
如:1. This is the newspaper which / that I am looking for.[分析]定语从句的先行词为news-paper, 故关系代词可以用which或that。
2. Mr. Li is the teacher who/that teaches us English.[分析]定语从句的先行词为teacher, 故关系代词可以用who或that。
定语从句的关系代词
定语从句是指在句子中起修饰或限定作用的从句。
在定语从句中,关系代词起到连接主句和从句的作用。
关系代词包括“谁”、“哪”、“那”、“什么”等。
常见的关系代词有以下几种:
1. 谁:用来代替人,如“我认识的那个人”可以说为“我认识的人”;谁:用来代替人,如“我认识的那个人”可以说为“我认识的人”;
2. 哪:用来代替地点,如“我去过的那个城市”可以说为“我去
过的城市”;哪:用来代替地点,如“我去过的那个城市”可以说为“我去过的城市”;
3. 那:用来代替事物,如“我买的那本书”可以说为“我买的书”;那:用来代替事物,如“我买的那本书”可以说为“我买的书”;
4. 什么:用来代替不确定的事物,如“我要的那个东西”可以说
为“我要的东西”。
什么:用来代替不确定的事物,如“我要的那个
东西”可以说为“我要的东西”。
除了以上几种关系代词,还有一些其他的关系代词可以根据具体的语境来选择使用。
在定语从句中,关系代词的选择要根据从句所修饰的名词的特征来确定。
例如,对人物的修饰一般使用“谁”,对地点的修饰一般使用“哪”,对事物的修饰一般使用“那”,对不确定的事物的修饰一般使用“什么”。
当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
但是如果关系代词在定语从句中作主语,或者介词提前的情况下,就不能省略。
例如,“我认识的人喜欢吃水果。
”中的关系代词“谁”作主语,不能省略。
总之,关系代词在定语从句中起到连接主句和从句的作用,帮助我们对名词进行修饰或限定。
以上是关于定语从句的关系代词的相关内容。
定语从句(I )语法图解一、 定义1.在主从复合句中,对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2.关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whose, whom, as 等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。
二、 关系代词的基本用法1. who 指人,在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
The children who were injured in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。
Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。
2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略,也可用who代替。
Rose is the person(who/whom)you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。
The boy(whom)the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
3.whose既可以指人,也可以指物,表示“所属”关系,whose在定语从句中作定语。
I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人,他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。
4.which指事物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时可省略。
The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring (which)he had lost on the train.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指,非常高兴。
解读定语从句关系代词解读定语从句中的关系代词具有连接作用的关系代词,that which who whom whose “关系代词”用于引导定语从句,关系代词有:who, whom, whose,that, which, as。
关系代词和关系副词,关系副词有:when, where, why。
注意:关系副词里面没有how。
如果要修饰方式way ,用that 或in which 引导,或者不用引导词。
I don’t like the way (that, in which) he eyed m e.我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。
先行词是人:多用who(一)先行词是人而关系代词在限制性定语从句中做主语时,下列情况多用who,也可用that,但是用who更常见。
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?A friend who/that helps you in time of need is a real friend.患难之交才是真朋友。
先行词是人:多用who(二)一、先行词是人称代词he, they, one(s)或指示代词those时,引导词多用who。
Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.要去长城的人在这儿签名。
Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty.对一个有美感的人时间总是快速而过的。
二、先行词是指人的序数词或是被序数词修饰时。
The first man who talks to me will receive a surprising present.第一个和我对话的人将获得一份惊喜的礼物,引导词多用who。
They were the first who were here.他们是第一批到达这儿的人。
先行词是人:多用whom先行词是人而关系代词在限制性定语从句中做宾语时,下列情况多用whom,也可用that,但是更多的情况下是采用省略关系代词。
定语从句关系代词用法定语从句是英语语法中非常重要的一部分,它在句子中充当定语的作用,用来修饰名词或代词。
而关系代词则是在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、或者其他成分的作用。
在本文中,我们将详细讨论定语从句关系代词的用法。
一、关系代词的种类关系代词主要有:1. that:可用来代替人或者物,作为主语或者宾语。
2. which:用来代替物,作为主语或者宾语。
3. who:用来代替人,作为主语或者宾语。
4. whom:用来代替人,作为宾语。
5. whose:用来表示所属关系,修饰名词。
二、关系代词的使用场景1. 当定语从句中的先行词是人时,我们可以使用who或者that作为关系代词。
例如:The man who is standing there is my father.(站在那里的男人是我的父亲。
)2. 当定语从句中的先行词是物时,我们可以使用which或者that作为关系代词。
例如:The book which is on the table is mine.(在桌子上的那本书是我的。
)3. 当定语从句中的先行词是人或者物时,我们可以使用that作为关系代词。
例如:The house that I live in is very old.(我住的那个房子非常旧。
)4. 当定语从句中的先行词是人时,如果在从句中作为宾语,我们可以使用whom或者that作为关系代词。
例如:The girl whom I met yesterday is a doctor.(我昨天遇到的那个女孩是个医生。
)5. 当定语从句中的先行词是人或者物时,如果在从句中作为所属关系,我们可以使用whose作为关系代词。
例如:The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police.(车被偷的那个人向警察报案了。
)三、关系代词与介词的使用当定语从句中有介词时,我们需要注意关系代词与介词的搭配。
引导定语从句的关系词分:关系代词和关系副词,用法如下:关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在句中作宾语)The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
(which / that在句中作宾语)关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
定语从句练习题一.用适当的关系代词填空① The new teacher ____will teach us English this term comes from Canada.② I’ll never forget the days____ I spent with you in the beautiful countryside.③ Where is the man___ car was trapped in the mud? ④ He said Beijing was the first city__ he had visited in China. ⑤ He asked about the factories and workers ___we had just visited. ⑥ They w ill hire a man___ they say is a good programmer. ⑦ Is this the book ____ he is looking for. ⑧ He is the man _____ you can safely depend on. ⑨ I have read all the books ____ you lent me. ⑩ Wh o is the man ____is cleaning the playground?二.把下列句子合并为含定语从句的复合句11.China is a developing country. It has a long history.12.The girl is from America. Her hair is brown.13.She wants to visit the village again. She grew up in it.14.The reason is not reasonable. He gave it at the meeting.15.The woman is the missing boy’s mother. They’re looking for the woman.单项选择1. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house__ window is broken.A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. that2. Tom is good at maths, so I think he is the student__ can help you to work out this problem.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. what3. Maybe she is the girl ___ I met in the street yesterday.A.whomB. whichC. asD. what4. I am not sure whether this is the book ___my brother read the day before yesterday.A. whoseB. asC. whatD. which5. This the very plan for the summer holiday __ was suggested by his brother.A. whichB. thatC. whenD.it6. Tom is no longer the person ___ he used to be.A. whoB. thatC. whomD. what7. The moment ___ I will never forget is when my English teacher gaveme some advice on how to improve my writing.A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. how8. Women___ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart dise ase than those___ don’t.A. Who; /B. /; whoC. who; whoD. /; /9.The most important thing___ we should pay special attention to is the first ___ I have said.A. Which; thatB. that; whichC. which; whichD. that; that10.Which is the room ____ he stayed in last week.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when11. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 2012, ___ made one of the Chinese peop le’s long-held dreams come trueA. itB. thatC. whatD. which12.we have launched another man-made satellite, ____ is announced in today’s newspaper.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. what13. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ___ are family members.A. themB. thatC. whichD. whom14. The children, _____ had played the whole day long, were worn out. A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom15. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ___ lives were affected.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which16. Happiness and success often come to those ____ are good at recognizing their won strengths.A. whomB. whoC. whatD. which17. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ___ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. when18. Finally he reached a lonely island ____ was completely cut off from the outside world.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. whom19. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _____ urgently needed clean water, medi cine and shelter to survive.A. whichB. whoC. whereD. what20. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _____ help I would never have got this far.A. whoB. whoseC. whomD. which21. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____ had taken more than three years.A. for whichB. with whichC. of whichD. to which22. You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station _____ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as23. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, ____, of course, made all the others upset.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that24. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _____ allows them to communicate f reely with each other. A. which B. where C. what D. who25. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ____ left their village homes for a bett er life in the city.A. whomB. whichC. themD. those26. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ____ I met in the English speech contest last year.A. whoB. whereC. whenD. which27. Many children, _____ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the vill age.A. theirB. whoseC. of themD. with whom28. That evening, ______ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when29. Children who are not active or _____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.A. whatB. whoseC. whichD. that30. In China, the number of cities is increasing______development is recognized across the world.A. whereB. whichC. whoseD. that参考答案一.填空:1.who/ that2.that/ which3.whose4.that5.that6. who/ that7. that/ which8. whom/ who/ that9.tha t 10. that二. 合并句子1.China is a developing country which/ that has a long history.2.The girl whose hair is brown is fr om America.3. She want to visit the village again in which she grew up./ which /that she grew up in.4.The reason that/ which he gave at the meeting if not reasonable.5.The woman who/ whom/ that they’re looking for is the missing boy’s mother.三.单项选择1-5 ABADB 6-10 BACDA 11-15 DBDDA 16-20 BBCBB 21-25 CABAA 26-30 ABBBC。