主动被动态的翻译..18页PPT
- 格式：ppt
- 大小：1.96 MB
- 文档页数：18
下载文档原格式
合集下载
最新【英语翻译】被动语态的翻译方法ppt课件
new measures to prevent corrosion.
• 已经注意(zhù yì)到采取防腐新措施。
第四页，共24页。
一、译成中文(zhōngwén)的主动 句
• （1）保留原文主语 • 翻译(fānyì)某些被动句时，如无需指出动作的发出者，
动词的动作不带有受动色彩，通常可以按照原文语序顺 译，原文的主语仍旧充当译文的主语。
the most daring.
• 只有最勇敢的人才能(cá inéng)攀登那些高耸的山峰。 • The magnificent hotel had been completely
destroyed by the big fire.
• 大火把这座富丽堂皇的宾馆完全烧毁了。
第十页，共24页。
（5）译成无主句(zhǔ jù)
atom is said to be positively charged.
• 6、A force is needed to stop a moving body.
第二十页，共24页。
• 7、Brief reference should be made here to
the law of universal gravitation.
fever.
• 12、It is rumoured that she is going to
divorce her second husband.
第二十一页，共24页。
Keys:
• 1、你知道这个男孩子为什么挨了骂吗？ • 2、我早知道这孩子在幼儿园会得到很好的照顾
(zhà o gù )
• 3、英国、美国和其他的一些国家讲英语。 • 4、这本书里提到了好几种学习方法。 • 5、如果原子失去了一个或更多的电子，我们就
• 已经注意(zhù yì)到采取防腐新措施。
第四页，共24页。
一、译成中文(zhōngwén)的主动 句
• （1）保留原文主语 • 翻译(fānyì)某些被动句时，如无需指出动作的发出者，
动词的动作不带有受动色彩，通常可以按照原文语序顺 译，原文的主语仍旧充当译文的主语。
the most daring.
• 只有最勇敢的人才能(cá inéng)攀登那些高耸的山峰。 • The magnificent hotel had been completely
destroyed by the big fire.
• 大火把这座富丽堂皇的宾馆完全烧毁了。
第十页，共24页。
（5）译成无主句(zhǔ jù)
atom is said to be positively charged.
• 6、A force is needed to stop a moving body.
第二十页，共24页。
• 7、Brief reference should be made here to
the law of universal gravitation.
fever.
• 12、It is rumoured that she is going to
divorce her second husband.
第二十一页，共24页。
Keys:
• 1、你知道这个男孩子为什么挨了骂吗？ • 2、我早知道这孩子在幼儿园会得到很好的照顾
(zhà o gù )
• 3、英国、美国和其他的一些国家讲英语。 • 4、这本书里提到了好几种学习方法。 • 5、如果原子失去了一个或更多的电子，我们就
主动语态和被动语态(课堂PPT)
1. People play football all over the world.
Football is played all over the world by people .
2. Mr. Green teaches us this term.
We are taught (by Mr. Green) this term.
I bPealiessvieveI cVaonicfely
被动语态
This song is enjoyed by people all
over the world.
1
EEnnglgislihsh iiss ssppookkeenn bpyetohpele most people in the world.
2. The students in this school study German.
German __is_____ __s_tu_d_i_e_d_ by the
students in this school.
11
3.I found the ticket on the floor. The ticket __w_a_s__ f_o_u_n_d__ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She __w__a_s_ __t_o_ld___ to return the book in time.
2
TThheeGGrreeat wWaalll wasbubilutilt by Chinese people.
3
The ttrreeeess wereplpalnatnedted by students.
4
Football is played all over the world by people .
2. Mr. Green teaches us this term.
We are taught (by Mr. Green) this term.
I bPealiessvieveI cVaonicfely
被动语态
This song is enjoyed by people all
over the world.
1
EEnnglgislihsh iiss ssppookkeenn bpyetohpele most people in the world.
2. The students in this school study German.
German __is_____ __s_tu_d_i_e_d_ by the
students in this school.
11
3.I found the ticket on the floor. The ticket __w_a_s__ f_o_u_n_d__ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She __w__a_s_ __t_o_ld___ to return the book in time.
2
TThheeGGrreeat wWaalll wasbubilutilt by Chinese people.
3
The ttrreeeess wereplpalnatnedted by students.
4
英语语法讲解之主动和被动语态PPT课件
lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab
without a teacher.
第8页/共37页
2. 一般过去时： They agreed on the building of a new car
factory last month. The building of a new car factory was
tickets had already been sold out. The whole country was very sad at the
news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader.
He had been considered to be a great leader.
第5页/共37页
• (2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。具体结构 见下表：
现在时态 一般现在时 现在进行时
一般将来时
现在完成 时
am
am
will + be+p.p.
have(has)
谓语动词 is +p.p. is
• 相似动词see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel，have，let
第22页/共37页
• ③“动词+…+介词”改为被动时,介词一般在原位不动。如：The girl takes good care of her little brother.→ The girl’s little brother is taken good care of by her.
without a teacher.
第8页/共37页
2. 一般过去时： They agreed on the building of a new car
factory last month. The building of a new car factory was
tickets had already been sold out. The whole country was very sad at the
news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader.
He had been considered to be a great leader.
第5页/共37页
• (2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。具体结构 见下表：
现在时态 一般现在时 现在进行时
一般将来时
现在完成 时
am
am
will + be+p.p.
have(has)
谓语动词 is +p.p. is
• 相似动词see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel，have，let
第22页/共37页
• ③“动词+…+介词”改为被动时,介词一般在原位不动。如：The girl takes good care of her little brother.→ The girl’s little brother is taken good care of by her.
第9节 语式转换(主动被动)课件
• populate v. 构成⋯⋯的人口 • 这个村子里住着大约13,000 个农
民
• Most trees are denuded of leaves in winter.
• denude 使裸露 • 大多数树木冬天要落叶。
• The news was passed on by word of mouth.
• 在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广 泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。
• Nuclear power's danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.
• 核能对健康、安全，甚至对 生命本身构成的危险可以用 一个词-辐射来概括。
• 本公司是信誉良好的化学制品厂 商，由于品质优良，产品广受好 评。
• (7) 被动语态用汉语其他手段代替
• 英汉语言结构的差异太大，很难套 用原文的结构，可跳出原文的圈子， 用意译法表达原文的确切含义。
• The village is populated by about 13,000 farmers.
家/一般人认为 • It is well known that 大家知道/众所
周知
• It will be said …有人会说 • It was told that …, for等介词短语 译成主语, 原文中的主语译成宾语。
• Another middle school has been set up in our district．
• 在这种转变过程中，传统的历史研究 方法由于采用了其它方法论而得到充 实———设计这些方法论是为了解释
• The role of natural selection in evolution
民
• Most trees are denuded of leaves in winter.
• denude 使裸露 • 大多数树木冬天要落叶。
• The news was passed on by word of mouth.
• 在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广 泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。
• Nuclear power's danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.
• 核能对健康、安全，甚至对 生命本身构成的危险可以用 一个词-辐射来概括。
• 本公司是信誉良好的化学制品厂 商，由于品质优良，产品广受好 评。
• (7) 被动语态用汉语其他手段代替
• 英汉语言结构的差异太大，很难套 用原文的结构，可跳出原文的圈子， 用意译法表达原文的确切含义。
• The village is populated by about 13,000 farmers.
家/一般人认为 • It is well known that 大家知道/众所
周知
• It will be said …有人会说 • It was told that …, for等介词短语 译成主语, 原文中的主语译成宾语。
• Another middle school has been set up in our district．
• 在这种转变过程中，传统的历史研究 方法由于采用了其它方法论而得到充 实———设计这些方法论是为了解释
• The role of natural selection in evolution
主动语态与被动语态ppt
注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接动词不定式的被动形式。但若有附加成分有用动词不定式的被动形式。比较： The desk needs repairing. The desk needs to be repaired.
4) 注意动名词的被动形式，（being done) Nobody likes being laughed of. 没人喜欢被嘲笑。
何时用被动语态
4）有些短语不用被动语态 do one’s best, make a face, make room(腾位子）， make up one’s mind, belong to
不用被动语态的情况
1）不及物动词不用被动语态；注意：happen, break out ,take place The story was happened in 1934. ( × ）
过去进行时态：was/were + being +过去分词
一般将来时态：will + be+过去分词
过去将来时态：would + be+过去分词
7、With the help of the Hope Project, more and more new schools _____ in the poor area. A. built B. have built C. have been built D. have been building 8、He came out and told us that the work __________. A. finished B. was finished C. had finished D. had been finished 9、The programmes _______ easily if you use a short wave radio. A. can pick up B. pick up C. picked up D. can be picked up
4) 注意动名词的被动形式，（being done) Nobody likes being laughed of. 没人喜欢被嘲笑。
何时用被动语态
4）有些短语不用被动语态 do one’s best, make a face, make room(腾位子）， make up one’s mind, belong to
不用被动语态的情况
1）不及物动词不用被动语态；注意：happen, break out ,take place The story was happened in 1934. ( × ）
过去进行时态：was/were + being +过去分词
一般将来时态：will + be+过去分词
过去将来时态：would + be+过去分词
7、With the help of the Hope Project, more and more new schools _____ in the poor area. A. built B. have built C. have been built D. have been building 8、He came out and told us that the work __________. A. finished B. was finished C. had finished D. had been finished 9、The programmes _______ easily if you use a short wave radio. A. can pick up B. pick up C. picked up D. can be picked up
英语主动语态和被动语态课件
Detailed description
The teacher provides sentences containing grammar errors for students to identify and correct, while explaining the reasons for the errors and the correct usage.
action
It is more direct and consensus, making it suitable for most writing and speaking
situations
The subject of the presence is typically the doorstep of the
Impersonality
The active voice is less personal, focusing on the action compared to the person performing it
Energy and Emphasis
The active voice brings energy and emphasis to the presence, drawing attention to the subject
Passive Voice • Practice of active and passive voice • Notes on active and passive voice
01
The definitions of active and passive
voice
The definition of active voice
It is often used when the focus of the presence is on the action rather than the doer
The teacher provides sentences containing grammar errors for students to identify and correct, while explaining the reasons for the errors and the correct usage.
action
It is more direct and consensus, making it suitable for most writing and speaking
situations
The subject of the presence is typically the doorstep of the
Impersonality
The active voice is less personal, focusing on the action compared to the person performing it
Energy and Emphasis
The active voice brings energy and emphasis to the presence, drawing attention to the subject
Passive Voice • Practice of active and passive voice • Notes on active and passive voice
01
The definitions of active and passive
voice
The definition of active voice
It is often used when the focus of the presence is on the action rather than the doer
主动被动态的翻译
8. Claims, if any, must be made within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the destination, after which no claims will be entertained. 万一 / 一旦发生索赔，必须于货到目的地后30天内 提出，过期不予受理。
3
5. Shipment can be made within two weeks after receipt of your L/C. 在收到你方信用证的两星期内，我方即可发货。 6. Shippers are requested to note particularly the exceptions and conditions of the Bill of Lading with reference to the validity of the insurance upon their goods. 托运人务必注意本提单内与该货保险效力有关的 免责事项和条款。 7. The time draft will be sent to your for your acceptance within a couple of days. 我们将于近日内送期票给你处承兑。
经贸英语翻译
1
被动语态的译法
被动态使用的场合：1，不必要说出主动者；2，不愿说主动者；3 ，无从说出主动者；4，强调被动动作；5，为了行文方便、叙 述客观、措辞得当、语气委婉等。 语法学家解释：英语多用被动态，主要在于—— 着重被动的动作，说话人对行为对象更感兴趣； 受事方（接受动作的人）是话语的主题或语义中心； 受动者更为重要，受事方可以是人也可以是事物； 行为动作的主题不明，或无须说出施事方（发出动作的人）； 上下文需要，加强文本的连贯性，衔接更为紧密自然。 启示：英译汉时，大量被动语态的句子需转换为汉语的主动语态 ；而汉译英时，许多主动句可以译成英语被动句。
语言对比与翻译(8)主动与被动课件
减译
在翻译过程中，删去一些不必要的词句，使译文更加简洁、 明了。
词义选择与词序调整
词义选择
根据上下文和语境选择最合适的词义进行翻译，确保译文准确传达原文的含义。
词序调整
根据目标语言的语法规则和表达习惯，调整原文的词序，使译文更加符合目标语 言的阅读习惯。
03
主动与被动翻译实例
常见句型的主动与被动翻译
商务合同的主动与被动翻译
商务合同中，被动句型的使用也较为频繁，强调合同条款的客观性和权 威性。在翻译时，应注重保持原文的准确性和规范性，将被动句型翻译 成符合中文表达习惯的主动句型或被动句型。
例如，“The contract will be terminated by either party”（合同可 由任何一方终止）可以翻译为“任何一方都可以终止这个合同”，更符
合中文表达习惯。
此外，在商务合同中，还有一些特殊的被动句型，如“be bound by” （受…约束）和“be subject to”（受…约束），在翻译时也需要特别 注意。
04
主动与被动翻译实践
翻译练习
总结词
通过实际翻译练习，学生可以更好地掌握主动与被动语态的转换技巧，提高语言运用能 力。
详细描述
科技文献的主动与被动翻译
科技文献中，被动句型的使用频率较高，强调客观性和事实 性。在翻译时，应注重保持原文的客观性和准确性，将被动 句型翻译成符合中文表达习惯的主动句型或被动句型。
例如，“The experiment was conducted by the researchers”（实验由研究人员进行）可以翻译为“研究人 员进行了这个实验”，更符合中文表达习惯。
在对比和评价的基础上，学生对自己的译文进行修改和完 善，进一步提高翻译质量。
在翻译过程中，删去一些不必要的词句，使译文更加简洁、 明了。
词义选择与词序调整
词义选择
根据上下文和语境选择最合适的词义进行翻译，确保译文准确传达原文的含义。
词序调整
根据目标语言的语法规则和表达习惯，调整原文的词序，使译文更加符合目标语 言的阅读习惯。
03
主动与被动翻译实例
常见句型的主动与被动翻译
商务合同的主动与被动翻译
商务合同中，被动句型的使用也较为频繁，强调合同条款的客观性和权 威性。在翻译时，应注重保持原文的准确性和规范性，将被动句型翻译 成符合中文表达习惯的主动句型或被动句型。
例如，“The contract will be terminated by either party”（合同可 由任何一方终止）可以翻译为“任何一方都可以终止这个合同”，更符
合中文表达习惯。
此外，在商务合同中，还有一些特殊的被动句型，如“be bound by” （受…约束）和“be subject to”（受…约束），在翻译时也需要特别 注意。
04
主动与被动翻译实践
翻译练习
总结词
通过实际翻译练习，学生可以更好地掌握主动与被动语态的转换技巧，提高语言运用能 力。
详细描述
科技文献的主动与被动翻译
科技文献中，被动句型的使用频率较高，强调客观性和事实 性。在翻译时，应注重保持原文的客观性和准确性，将被动 句型翻译成符合中文表达习惯的主动句型或被动句型。
例如，“The experiment was conducted by the researchers”（实验由研究人员进行）可以翻译为“研究人 员进行了这个实验”，更符合中文表达习惯。
在对比和评价的基础上，学生对自己的译文进行修改和完 善，进一步提高翻译质量。
英语主动语态和被动语态幻灯片PPT
一般现在时的被动语态：
am/are/is + 过去分词
1. People play football all over the world.
Football is played all over the world by people .
2. Mr. Green teaches us this term.
We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterdaቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。
Many students study English.(主动语态)
English is studied by many students.(被动语态)
They make shoes in that factory.
Shoes
are made were
by them.
Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom.
Tom broke the windows.
The windows were broken by Tom. He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him.
The Structure is
助动词be+及物动词的过去分词
(be+P.P.)
He is regarded as a brilliant. 他Th被is b认oo为k 很wa有s w才ri气tte。n in 1969. 这T一一h本e般般b书r现 过o是k在去e1n时时9b6：：i9ke年awmias写s/b/i成sewi/en的ragere。dredoponnaeeired now. 那Hc他现过现过一T笔ae辆hl告在去在去般l已eteo坏dp进 进 完 完 将诉l经deh了行 行 成 来成n我ium用sh时 时 时 时时的们.at了h： ： ： ：：s自打e几bawhhsc行e电mhaaae年adavtsn车le/话lwb/。iu//esw正aswhe时/seenaira在lsdlbe他drbebeofb被eeoinb正enerediengn修ios在ngndwegdeo理v给adone;soner。bhn猫eaeeel gdy洗oewian澡hrgset。.on这bwe支edo钢ne 说当这句中家含工有厂情已态经动开词张时，。句He子s结aid构t为hecfaanct/omryust / hahvaedtob…eebneodpoenne ed . 他
被动语态的翻译 PPT课件
当被动句中有地点状语，由介词“by”引导的方式状语及 “from”等表示的其它状语时，有时可把这种状语译成主语， 将介词省略，而把原主语译成宾语，这样，就更符合汉语的 习惯。如例2
11
被动语态的翻译
1.3 译成判断句 有些英语被动句并不突出强调被动动作，而着重对事物的状 态、过程和性质等加以描写，其作用与系表结构类似 , 因此，此 类句式可翻译成中文的判断句。例如: l) Everything in the world is build up from atoms. 世间万物都是由原子构成的。 2) The first explosive in the world was made and used in China. 世界上最早的炸药是在中国制造和使用的。
17
被动语态的ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้译
1.4 “It+ be+ past participle + that引导的从句”句型的翻译 A. 不加主语 It is hoped that... 希望…… It is reported that … 据报道…… It is said that... 据说…… It is supposed that… 据推测…… It may be said without fear of exaggeration that… 可以 毫不夸张地说…… It must be admitted that... 必须承认…… It must be pointed out that... 必须指出…… It will be seen from this that… 由此可见……
英译汉时，不少英语被动句被译成汉语主动句，使句
子更符合汉语习惯。 1) Don’t be alarmed if your newborn fails to be startled by loud noises or fails to turn toward sound. 如果你的新生儿听到响声并不吃惊，或者没有把头转 向发出声音的方向，不必慌张。
11
被动语态的翻译
1.3 译成判断句 有些英语被动句并不突出强调被动动作，而着重对事物的状 态、过程和性质等加以描写，其作用与系表结构类似 , 因此，此 类句式可翻译成中文的判断句。例如: l) Everything in the world is build up from atoms. 世间万物都是由原子构成的。 2) The first explosive in the world was made and used in China. 世界上最早的炸药是在中国制造和使用的。
17
被动语态的ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้译
1.4 “It+ be+ past participle + that引导的从句”句型的翻译 A. 不加主语 It is hoped that... 希望…… It is reported that … 据报道…… It is said that... 据说…… It is supposed that… 据推测…… It may be said without fear of exaggeration that… 可以 毫不夸张地说…… It must be admitted that... 必须承认…… It must be pointed out that... 必须指出…… It will be seen from this that… 由此可见……
英译汉时，不少英语被动句被译成汉语主动句，使句
子更符合汉语习惯。 1) Don’t be alarmed if your newborn fails to be startled by loud noises or fails to turn toward sound. 如果你的新生儿听到响声并不吃惊，或者没有把头转 向发出声音的方向，不必慌张。