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上海市嘉定区2018学年度第一学期质量监控试卷高三英语(满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2018.12.27I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Fascinating. B. Useful. C. Difficult. D. Boring.2. A. In a restaurant. B. In a factory.C. In a department store.D. In an office.3.A. A librarian. B. A psychologist. C. A Publisher. D. A teacher.4. A. He prefers to join the woman later. B. He intends to eat out tonight.C. He wants to watch the basketball game.D. He hates to lose the championship.5. A. It was quite delightful. B. It was not well organized.C. Careful preparations had been done.D. People made a mess on the ground.6. A. He is quite unhappy with the woman. B. He is eager to know the woman's reply.C. The woman should make full use of her time.D. The woman doesn't have to be in a hurry.7. A. Go on smoking B. Cry out his heart.C. Talk with the doctor.D. Carry on with exercise.8. A. Boss and shop assistant. B. House agent and client,C. Interviewer and job hunter.D. Manager and customer.9. A. She had better stay up late tonight. B. She has to get more sleep at night.C. She should avoid distractions in class.D. She must improve her grades gradually.10. A.The man only filled his tank half full. B. The man can't read the instrument.C. The car is breaking down on the wayD. The car has run out of gasoline.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. purchasing less expensive objects available.B. Buying only essentials and a treat on occasion.C. Learning to cook for yourself at home.D. Living on less money than you earn.12. A. To have a better health B. To keep their promises.C. To avoid being hurt easily.D. To gain a desired friendship.13. A. Life skills needed to be learnt at an early age.B. Great ways of saving money in the early years.C. Practical skills to cook nutritious food at home.D. Methods of gathering wisdom instead of bitterness.Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage.14. A. To work on the rented land peacefully. B.To get used to the terribly cold weather.C. To tell his kids stories every night.D. To break the poverty cycle of his family.15. A.He worked in the dairy with his mother. B.He learned to mend his own clothes.C. He had a strong passion for words.D.He got well educated at school.16. A. 25. B. 27. C. 28. D. 37.17. A. He was considerably influenced by his mother.B. Farm work turned out to be quite easy for him.C. He had already become famous before his father passed away.D. people in Scotland regarded him as a successful farmer singer.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18. A. Harbin is her favorite city. B. She doesn't like places in the south.C. Russia is a beautiful country.D. She can't stand the heat in summer.19. A. Driving a car by themselves in the local country.B. Getting a group of ten people traveling together.C. Flying at the weekend with special fare tickets.D. Inviting more friends to share the happiness.20. A. Not knowing any local people. B. Unable to find a fellow traveller.C. unable to speak Russian.D. Not having any interpreter ·II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Is sport always fun ?One afternoon in the last week of term, I saw three children form my son’s school in tears being comforted by teachers. That morning, my 11-year -old had stomach pains and (21) ______(throw ) up several times when I noticed his sickness. Talking to other mothers, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night before.What caused so much suffering ? Sports day ---- not sports day at a highly competitive independent school, but at a large village primary. (22) ______ it causes no problem to the children who can fly (23) _____ the wind, for those who are poorly coordinated (动作协调), overweight or just not good at sport, it is terrible. Even for those who enjoy (24) ______(run ) but who fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disaster.As for the reason (25) ______ we put our children through this annual suffering, some May say that competition is character-buliding or it is a tradition of school life; some may assume (26) ______ really matters is taking part not winning. I just felt pity for those children in tears or in pain.Team games at the end of the “sport” were fun (27) ______ (watch) because they produced some close races, enormous enthusiasm and lots of shouting. More importantly , (28) ______(hide ) a little form everyone’s gaze, the children who were not so fast or so quick atpassing the ball had the excitement of being on the winning side.I wish that sports day could (29)________(abandon) and replaced with some other summer event. perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be (30) ________(stressful )for the children and a lot more fun for the spectators.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.This invention, commonly used in offices and households throughout the world, came about as a result of a series of accidents. In 1968 Spencer Silver, who was working for a company called 3M at the time, was trying to produce super-strong adhesive, a substance making things sticky together, to be used in the building of planes. This, however, wasn’t successful and instead he succeeded in creating an extremely weak adhesive that was 31 to pressure. This new adhesive had two advantages: it could be removed from surfaces quite easily and it could be reused. In spite of these two 32 features, nobody could see any practical use for it. In the end, the invention was 33 .A few years later, Art Fry, a product development engineer working for 3M, decided to use this adhesive for 34 use. He stuck strips of paper in a book as page marker and a whole new concept was born. However, the idea still w asn’t without35 . The challenge was to make the glue stay on the sticky note itself, rather than peeling off and staying on the surface it was 36 to. Two more 3M employees were brought in and set the task of producing a coat ing for the adhesive so that it wouldn’t come off and they 37 just that. Unfortunately, 3M bosses still believed that this invention wasn’t going to be 38 successful and people would continue to use crap paper(小纸条) for their notes rather than sticky notes. This is why sticky notes were only tested within the company, where they became extremely popular. It wasn’t until many years later that 3M bosses finally decided to give out a vast amount of free 39 to other companies to see if anyone would be interested in buying them. To their surprise, 90 per cent of the companies approached went on to order more sticky notes. This went beyond anybody’s 40 . Nowadays, sticky notes come in a variety of shapes and colours and are sold in more than 100 countries.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.About five years ago, when the first generation of wearable fitness trackers became popular,they were announced as the dawn of a revolution. Health experts and busniesspeople alike said that giving people access to real-time calorie (卡路里)- burning and step-count data would inspire them to lose weight, eat better and -most important- ____41____ more. But even as the U.S. market for ___42____ devices hits $7 billion this year, there’s evidence that their promise isn’t quite paying off.The U.S. has an exercise problem, with 28% of Americans ages 50 and over considered wholly ___43____. That means 31 million adults move no more than is necessary to perform the most basic functions of daily life. Wearables, experts ___44___, were going to change that.But limited academic research has been done to figure out whether wearables ____45____ people’s behavior in the long term. The little research that does exist isn’t ____46____. For a recent study in the Journal of the American Medical Association, researchers wanted to see whether activity trackers would help overweight people lose more weight over two years than if they just did a weight-loss intervention(干预) alone. They didn’t. “We found that just giving people a device doesn’t mean it’s going to ____47____ something you think it’s going to lead to,” says John Jakicic, the author of the study, from the University of Pittsburgh. “These activity trackers don’t engage people in strategies that make a ___48___ in terms of long-term change”Another new study highlighted a different challenge: user ____49___. By the end of a yearlong study of 800 people, just 10% of participants were still wearing the trackers, according to, Eric Finkelstein, a professor at the Duke- NUS Medical School in Singap ore. “We didn’t find that Fitbits really have much of an effect,” he says. This may well be because people expect trackers to do something they’re not designed to do-- ____50____, force them to change their behavior. “There’s ____51____ among people about their function, a measurement too l and an intervention,” Finkelstein says. A scale counts pounds, ____52____, but won’t teach you how to eat less. “When people put these devices on, they might interact with the app(应用程序) for the first few weeks, maybe the first few months, but there comes a point where that starts to fall off,” says Finkelstein.To be ____53___, some of the costlier add higher-tech wearables have features baked into them that encourage users to move more, says Shelten Yuen, Fitbit’s vice president of research. Among them: shaking sensors, movement reminders and social- media combination, all designed to ____54____ users to make better health choices every day. But more research will be needed to determine whether or not these ____55____ -- or others like them--measurably improve people’s health and fitness levels.41. A. learn B. purchase C. exercise D. perform42. A. wearable B. electronic C. hi-tech D. built-in43. A. misunderstood B. inactive C. discourage D. unchangeable44. A. announced B. determined C. hoped D. noticed45. A. limit B. understand C. interpret D. change46. A. encouraging B. interesting C. pioneering D. challenging47. A. benefit from B. result in C. add to D. look for48. A. design B. movement C. profit D. difference49. A. reduction B. participation C. creation D. expectation50. A. namely B. therefore C. however D. shortly51. A. argument B. popularity C. confusion D. interaction52. A. by the way B. in other words C. of course D. for example53. A. fair B. cute C. accessible D. technical54. A. persuade B. motivate C. follow D. teach55. A. concepts B. sensors C. scales D. featuresSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)In Michael Morpurgo’s novel War Horse, the horse is not only the principal character,he is the teller of his own story.Set in England and France 100 years ago War Horse tells the story of Joey, a handsome young horse who strikes up a close relationship with Albert, the teenage son of Joey’s owner.But war breaks out and they are separated and plunged into the horrors of the war in France.Both survive and are finally reunited after a remarkable series of events seen through the eyes of the splendid war horse, Joey.The following cutting comes from near the beginning of the book after Albert, much to his father’s surprise, has succeeded in training Joey to pull the plough.56. What amazed Albert’s father was that Joey could_______.A. help turn the soilB. survive the horrible warC. tell his own storiesD. make friends with people57. As for the coming war,Mother said that________.A. their village would get involved very soon.B. both Albert and Joey could be tough fightersC. the old duke’s death maybe meant nothing to themD. Albert was not grown up enough to join the army58. Which of the following best describes Albert according to Joey’s account in war horse?A. Imaginative but timidB. Innocent but braveC. Quiet but thoughtfulD. Ambitious but cold(B)Clare College CambridgeClare is the second oldest college in Cambridge University, having initially been founded in 1326 and refounded by Elizabath de Clare in 1338. Today, we uphold her educational and social goals and College is a booming community of over 100 Fellows, 450 undergraduate students, 200 graduate students and 100 staff.The College welcomes visitors, but please remember it is a working environment supporting academic scholarship. We hope you will enjoy the beauty of the gardens and buildings, but it is essential that visitors:●conduct themselves quietly around the College;●avoid blocking paths or doorways;●do not enter areas marked “Private” or “Closed”Historic buildings have steep steps and some rough surfaces. So please mind your steps. Please help to maintain the appearance of the College grounds by:●not picnicking or dropping litter;●keeping to the pathways in Old Court;●not smoking while on the College grounds.The Porters cabins provide first aid facilities. Unfortunately, Clare College does not have public toilets.PhotographyVisitors may use hand held cameras. Photography for commercial purposes requires prior permission in writing from the Head Porter.Preservation and DonationsClare College receives no state funding for the preservation of these historic buildings and gardens, but relies instead on donations. If you would like to support the work of the College, its buildings or gardens. Please contact the Development Office (http: www. ). We welcome inquires.59.From the writing we can learn that Clare College_________.A. only opens part of her buildings and gardens to the publicB. mainly gets the money from donators and the governmentC. enjoys a growing reputation as the second largest in Cambridge UniversityD. welcomes cameramen to take photos on campus for different purposes60. Suppose you are a tour guide with a group at Clare College, which of the following might trulyput you to trouble?A.A couple insist enjoying their lunch on the lawn.B.A child needs to go to the bathroom all of a sudden.C.An elderly woman falls off the steps and hurts herself.D.Some tourists keep exchanging ideas in a loud voice.61.We can most probably get this piece of writing from_________.A. the academic website of Cambridge UniversityB. the Development Office of Clare CollegeC. the Head Porter of Cambridge UniversityD. the main entrance of Clare College(C)Not setting homework can be impossible in certain situations. There are many arguments in favour of homework, and most teachers would agree with many, if not all, of the following:homework is a perfect opportunity to go over calmly what was done with the teacher, and rethink and develop that initial input; homework offers a moment for students to work as individuals and develop learner self-governance outside the classroom;students and parents expect homework to be set and to be corrected. Nevertheless, the drawbacks that homework may have are often overlooked.There are two key issues which need to be raised when dealing with the concept of homework. Firstly, there is the question of home. Often homework os not done at home at all, but at a friend’s house, on the street, on the bus on the way to class or sitting on the step outside school before it ope ns. What’s more, all too often, for it to be done effectively at home, homework requires the participation and involvement of other adults. Parents play a crucial role in a child’s education, but they cann’t always be available, for a number of very valid reasons, and a tutor’s ability to aid, guide, encourage and simply organize a son or daughter’s study may be limited in many ways. The implication are unsetting: if homework is crucial to success in class, some children have an automatic disability.Considering the second part of the compound noun opens up further questions. If the idea of home can be problematic, so too can the concept of work.Again, this will depend enormously on the context but , very often there is a lot of work put in. Demands on their time and attention span(持续时间)and all sorts of other impositions mean homework is usually something to get out of the way, to be ticked off as done, with the exercises completed as fast as possible. It is not always seen as useful times spent developing and strengthening what is done in class but, rather, as something quickly finished to keep the teacher at bay. It might be correct or not, copied from a friend or cut and pasted from the internet, but the important thing is that a teacher sees the exercise completed and, as a result, the task achieved: how much effort went into that result is not always appreciated or easy to evaluate and, evenWhen work clearly falls below standard, and the mere fact of its having been done is often good enough. Teacher and students are happy because everyone has officially fulfilled their commitment.The ideal that students go home, think back to what they did with their teacher, use the great resources their books and the internet provide to revise, reflect and put everything theyhave seen in class in place, into action, into practice, does not often happen with some students.62. Which of the following is not among the advantages of homework according to paragraph 1?A. Solidifying the knowledge and skills learnt in class.B. Developing the ability of the independent learning.C. Building a closer teacher-student relationship.D. Meeting the requirements of students and parents.63. Speaking of the significant impact of homework upon children’s success in class, some are justinferior to others because_______.A. their tutors are not always available to support themB. they are born without the ability to deal with conceptsC. their family circumstances limit their learning abilityD. some unknown reasons greatly hold up their progress64.“Keep the teacher at bay”(paragragh3) means the way homework is done____.A. imposes enormous meaningless evaluating work on teachersB. blocks teachers from knowing more about their studentsC. displays the great efforts students make to satisfy their teachersD. shows achievements teachers expect to accomplish in their work65. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Homework is hardly functioning as is naturally expected.B. Parents need to stand away from their children’s homewo rk.C. Students prefer doing homework elsewhere instead of at home.D. The quality of homework is usually teachers’first concern.66.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？A. Are you ready for homework yet?B. Is there a way out for homework?C. Home and Work: it’s hard to combine.D. Homework or No homework: it is your choice.Section CDirections: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than youZoos have existed since ancient times and were features of the great courts of Egypt and China. The display of unusual animals form foreign countries was, for a long time, a show of wealth and power. Today, zoos focus on the preservation of animals species and the education of the public. __67___Some animals are distinctly unsuited for life in a zoo, however noble the aims of the organization. Keeping elephant in captivity (囚禁) has long caused argument among animals rights activists. Elephant in the wild wander constantly, covering a wide territory on a daily basis. In captivity, they have no choice but to stand still for long periods of time. ___68____. Yet elephants are a threatened species in their native environments and are heavily caught for ivory(象牙)，leather and meat illegally. To protect the species form the wild due to injury or abandonment.___69___. The chances are, if a zoo has nothing but cement floors and metal enclosures, the animals will not do as well. Many famous zoos now construct enclosures allowing animals freedom of movement and native vegetation. Some zoos have even begun housing species of animals together that normally interact in the wild, such as certain types of monkeys.Zoos are not a perfect solution for preservation.____70___. They are undeniably helpful in repopulating declining animal species and encouraging a preservationist outlook, but they are unquestionably primary in their treatment of some animals. Hopefully, animal activists and zoo advocates will continue to work together, finding ways to create the best environment for captive animals in breeding and repopulation efforts.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The advantages of social networkingWhy do most people sign up to social networking sites? The main reason is to stay in touch with other people. These sites also help people to find their childhood friends that they have lost touch with. Renewing these long-lost friendships is just a click away. It is very exciting to be able to catch up with friends and keep up with their news on am almost daily basis thanks to frequent updates.Keep up-to-date,however,doesn’t have to be restricted to friends and acquaintances(相识的人）.What many people tend to forget is that they can also use networking sites for professional reasons. It is actually a great way of finding out about upcoming job opportunities. Friends might know about job vacancies that may not be advertised elsewhere or they can even recommend their friends for certain jobs. Even people already employed can promote their business online. This is particularly important for artists, actors and musicians who can create pages devoted to their band or theatre company, and inform fans about their gigs(现场演唱会）or latest exhibitions. In addition, the sites can be used to allow the public to give instant feedback on the artists’ work and to interact with their favourite artist.Another great advantage of social networking sites is how easy it is to organise an event with your friends. Thanks to different settings people can organise their friends by different criteria(标准）. These criteria could be how close friends they are, common interests and hobbies or where they live. This means if a certain event takes place, for example, an open-air concert or a football match, all they have to do is invite the right group of friends to attend. Some networking sites offer a range of quizzes and games, so friends living on opposite sides of the globe can invite each other to participate and compete in a variety of games without leaving their homes.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 保持身体健康是硬道理。
长宁区2018-2018学年第一学期高三语文教学质量检测试卷(满分150分，考试时间150分钟）—、阅读（80分）(―)阅读下文，完成1-6题。
（18分）说“木叶”林庚①“袅袅兮秋风，洞庭波兮木叶下。
”（《九歌》)自从屈原吟唱出这动人的诗句，“木叶”就突出地成为诗人们笔下钟爱的形象。
②“木叶”也就是“树叶”，可是在古代诗歌中为什么很《橘颂》里就说：“后皇嘉树，橘徕服兮。
”无名氏古诗里也说:“庭中有奇树，绿叶发华滋。
”可是为什么单单“树叶”就不常见了呢？例如：“亭皋木叶下，陇首秋云飞。
”（柳恽《捣衣诗》）“九月寒砧催木叶，十年征戍忆辽阳。
”（沈佺期《古意》）可见洗炼并不能作为“叶”字独用的理由，那么“树叶”为什么从来就无人过问呢？至少从来就没有产生过精彩的诗句。
而事实又正是这样的，自从屈原以惊人的天才发现了“木叶”的奥妙，此后的诗人们也就再不肯轻易把它放过；于是一用再用，熟能生巧；而在诗歌的语言中，乃又不仅限于“木叶”一词而已.例如杜甫有名的《登高》诗中说：“无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。
”这是大家熟悉的名句，而这里的“落木”无疑的正是从屈原《九歌》中的“木叶”发展来的。
按“落木萧萧下”的意思当然是说树叶萧萧而下，说“无边落叶萧萧下”岂不更为明白吗？然而天才的杜甫却宁愿省掉“木叶”之“叶”而不肯放弃“木叶”之“木”，这道理究竟是什么呢？③从“木叶”发展到“落木”，其中关键显然在“木”这一字，其与“树叶”或“落叶”的不同，也正在此。
从概念上说，“木叶”就是“树叶”，原没有什么可以辩论之处；可是到了诗歌的形象思维之中，后者则无人过问，前者则不断发展。
为什么呢？因为“树”易让人想到繁茂的枝叶，而“木”则易让人想到树叶脱落，也就是说，“木”本身仿佛就含有一个落叶的因素。
④要说明“木”何以会有这个特征，就不能不触及诗歌语言中暗示性的问题。
敏感而有修养的诗人们正在于能认识语言形象中一切潜在的力量，把潜在的力量与概念中的意义交织组合起来，于是成为丰富多彩一言难尽的言说；它在不知不觉之中影响着我们；它之富于感染性启发性者在此，它之不落于言筌．．者也在此。
长宁区2018-2019学年度第一学期期末质量检测试卷高三英语(满分140分，完卷时间120分钟)I. Listening ComprehensionSection A (10分)Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.音频A. At the dress shop.B. At the butcher‟s.C. At the hairdresser‟s.D. At the grocery store.【答案】C【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
2.音频A. Play the violin.B. Stay at home.C. Write a composition.D. Attend the concert.【答案】D【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
3.音频A. $4.B. $31.C. $40.D. $69.【答案】B【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
4.音频A. Someone witnessing a crime.B. A salesman of the shop.C. Someone looking for the robber.D. A friend of the woman.【答案】A【解析】【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
2018届上海市嘉定区高三上学期一摸试题历史一、选择题（共40分）以下每小题2分，共40分，每题只有一个正确选项。
1. 一般认为我国历史从“大同之世”进入“小康之世”是在A．尧舜禹时期B．夏朝建立后C．平王东迁后D．秦统一之后2. 图片中的历史事件发生在A．西周末期B．东汉时期C．北魏时期D．隋唐时期3. 关于夏朝至明清时期中国古代政治的表述中最贴切的一项是A．君主政治B．民主政治C．君主专制D．君主立宪4. “省”作为我国地方一级行政机构，始于A．魏晋B．隋唐C．元朝D．清朝5. “工部局”、“公董局”、“巡捕房”这些机构最早出现在近代中国的A．广州B．香港C．上海D．天津6. “中体西用”论渐趋沉寂大致在A．鸦片战争结束后B．太平天国运动失败后C．甲午战争结束后D．五四运动爆发后7. 康有为读到《天演论》译稿后称译者“为中国西学第一者也”，此处“第一者”是指A．达尔文B．林则徐C．严复D．李大钊8. 下列关于武昌起义爆发时间的表述中，不正确的一项是A．宣统三年B．辛亥年C．1911年D．民国元年9. 19世纪末20世纪之交，席卷欧美的“新史学”运动在中国的代表人物是A．司马光B．章学诚C．刘知幾D．梁启超10 中国改革开放近四十年的起点是A．中共八大B．文革结束C．十一届三中全会D．中共十三大11.日本明治维新的改革措施中，对社会进步和可持续发展最有利的是A．废藩置县，加强中央集权B．允许土地买卖，承认土地私有C．实行征兵制，宣扬武士道D．实行文明开化，发展近代教育12.主张通过契约产生统治者，否定“君权神授”，支持君主拥有绝对的统治权。
提出这一主张的思想家是A．霍布斯B．洛克C．伏尔泰D．孟德斯鸠13.法国史学家托克维尔在论述法国大革命时指出：“大革命……是由一些抽象的原则和普遍的理论所引导。
”这里“抽象的原则和普遍的理论”主要是指A．君权神授B．人文主义C．启蒙思想D．马克思主义14.托马斯·潘恩在1776年的《常识》中提出：“英国属于欧洲，北美属于它本身。
上海市长宁区、嘉定区2018届高三语文上学期质量调研（一模）试题考生注意:1。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂(选择题）或写（非选择题)在等题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分.2，苦题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位.3。
考试时间150 分钟。
试卷满分150 分。
一积累应用(10分）1。
按要求填空。
(5分）（1)闻道有先后，_______________,如是而已(韩愈《师说》)（2）可堪孤馆闭春寒，____________________________。
(秦观《______●郴州旅舍》)（3）《诗经●采微》中“昔我往矣,杨柳依依“以乐景衬哀情。
杜甫《登楼》中也有以乐景衬哀情的一联是“_________________，__________________。
"2.按要求选择.（5 分)（1）老张旅居海外三十年,他想写句话来打发自己的思归之情，以下句子最合适的一项是（） (2分）A。
浩荡清淮天共流，长风万里送归舟。
B。
父母在,不远游，游必有方。
C。
树高千丈，叶落归根。
D。
云横秦岭家何在？雪拥蓝关马不前。
(2) 填入下面语段空白处的词句,最恰当的一项是( ）.(3 分)无论是面对大自然的灾难，还是日常生活的挫折，抑或是异性的拒绝，诗人都保有一颗赤子心，__________________，满怀欣喜地去摄取其中的养料，甚至能够在否定的现象中挖掘肯定的因素。
A.因此总是被激发出无尽的想象力B。
因此总是能够激发无尽的想象力C.并且总是被激发出无尽的想象力D.并且总是能够激发无尽的想象力二阅读(70分)（一）阅读下文，完成第3-7题.（16分)剧作家与戏剧性①一出戏演完了，当你随着人流涌出剧场的时候，常常听到这样的议论声 :“不错,真有戏!"或者是:“我都要睡着了，没戏！”“有戏"或“没戏”是观众评价一出戏的常用标准.可是，究竟什么是“戏”呢？我们通常所说的“戏剧性"究竟涉及一些什么问题? 剧作者该如何对待“戏剧性”呢？②美国戏剧理论家贝克首经对“戏剧性”一词进行了探讨，他说.“在日常用语中，‘戏剧性’这个词的意思有三个：（1)戏剧的材料；（2）能产生感情反应的;（3）在剧场条件下完全可以上演的……只有第一、二两个定义才合乎‘戏剧性',而第三个则应该是“剧场性'。
长宁区2018学年第一学期高三数学教学质量检测试卷及答案考生注意：1．答题前，务必在答题纸上将姓名、学校、班级等信息填写清楚，并贴好条形码．2．解答试卷必须在答题纸规定的相应位置书写，超出答题纸规定位置或写在试卷、草稿纸上的答案一律不予评分．3．本试卷共有21道试题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟．一．填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分，第1～6题每题4分，第7～12题每题5分）考生应在答题纸的相应位置直接填写结果．1．已知集合{}4,3,2,1=A ，{}6,4,2=b ，则=B A ． 2．已知3211=-x ，则=x ．3．二项式61⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+x x 的展开式中，常数项为 （结果用数值表示）．4．已知向量)2,1(),,3(-==b m a ，若向量a ∥b，则实数m = ．5．若圆锥的侧面面积为π2，底面面积为π，则该圆锥的体积为 ． 6．已知幂函数αx x f =)(的图像过点)22,2(，则)(x f 的定义域为 ． 7．已知角⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛∈ππα,2，且2tan -=α，则=-)sin(απ ． 8．已知函数x x f a log )(=和)2()(-=x k x g 的图像如右图所示，则不等式0)()(≥x g x f 的解集是 ．9．如图，某学生社团在校园内测量远处某栋楼CD 的高度，D 为楼顶．线段AB 的长度为m 600，在A 处测得︒=∠30DAB ，在B 处测得︒=∠105DBA ，且此时看楼顶D 的仰角︒=∠30DBC .已知楼底C 和A 、B 在同一水平面上，则此楼高度=CD m （精确到1m ）．ABCD10．若甲、乙两位同学随机地从6门课程中选修3门，则两人选修的课程中恰有1门相同的概率为 ．11．已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且n n n a a 211=++，若数列{}n S 收敛于常数A ，则首项1a 取值的集合为 ．12．已知321,,a a a 与321,,b b b 是6个不同的实数，若方程||||||||||||321321b x b x b x a x a x a x -+-+-=-+-+-的解集A 是有限集，则集合A 中最多有 个元素．二．选择题（本大题共有4题，满分20分，每题5分）每题有且只有一个正确选项．考生应在答题纸的相应位置，将代表正确选项的小方格涂黑．13．已知R ∈x ，则“0≥x ”是“3>x ”的 （ ）．（A ）充分非必要条件 （B ）必要非充分条件 （C ）充要条件 （D ）既非充分又非必要条件14．有一批种子，对于1颗种子来说，它可能1天发芽，也可能2天发芽，……．下表是不同发芽天数的种子数的记录：统计每个种子发芽天数得到一组数据，则这组数据的中位数是 （ ）． （A ）2 （B ）3 （C ）5.3 （D ）4 15．已知向量a 和b 的夹角为3π，且2a =，3b =，则()()22a b a b -⋅+=（ ）． （A ）10- （B ）7- （C ）4- （D ）1-16．某位喜欢思考的同学在学习函数的性质时提出了如下两个命题：已知函数)(x f y =的定义域为D ，D x x ∈21,．①若当0)()(21=+x f x f 时，都有021=+x x ，则函数)(x f y =是D 上的奇函数． ②若当)()(21x f x f <时，都有21x x <，则函数)(x f y =是D 上的增函数． 下列判断正确的是 （ ）．（A ）①和②都是真命题 （B ）①是真命题，②是假命题 （C ）①和②都是假命题 （D ）①是假命题，②是真命题三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分76分）解答下列各题必须在答题纸的相应位置写出必要的步骤． 17．（本题满分14分，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）求下列不等式的解集： （1）235x -<； （2）442120xx-⋅->． 18．（本题满分14分，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）《九章算术》中，将底面为长方形且有一条侧棱与底面垂直的四棱锥称之为阳马，将四个面都为直角三角形的四面体称之为鳖臑．首届中国国际进口博览会的某展馆棚顶一角的钢结构可以抽象为空间图形阳马，如图所示．在阳马ABCD P -中，⊥PD 底面ABCD ．（1）已知m CD AD 4==，斜梁PB 与底面ABCD 所成角为︒15，求立柱PD 的长（精确到m 01.0）；（2）证明：四面体PDBC 为鳖臑．19．（本题满分14分，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）已知ABC ∆的三个内角C B A ,,所对应的边分别为c b a ,,，复数i 1b a z +=，B A z cos i cos 2+=（其中i 是虚数单位），且i 321=⋅z z ．（1）求证：c A b B a =+cos cos ，并求边长c 的值； （2）判断ABC ∆的形状，并求当b =A 的大小．A BCD P20．（本题满分16分，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分）已知函数1)(2++-=mx x x f ，)6sin(2)(πω+=x x g ．（1）若函数x x f y 2)(+=为偶函数，求实数m 的值； （2）若0ω>，()2()3g x g π≤，且函数)(x g 在[0,]2π上单调，求实数ω的值； （3）令1=ω，若当]2,1[1∈x 时，总有],0[2π∈x ，使得)()(12x f x g =，求实数m 取值范围．21．（本题满分18分，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分）已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且11=a ，a a =2． （1）若数列{}n a 是等差数列，且158=a ，求实数a 的值；（2）若数列{}n a 满足)(2*2N ∈=-+n a a n n ，且101919a S =，求证：数列{}n a 是等差数列；（3）设数列{}n a 是等比数列．试探究当正实数a 满足什么条件时，数列{}n a 具有如下性质M ：对于任意的()*2n n ≥∈N，都存在*m ∈N ，使得数列()()10mn m n Sa S a +--<．写出你的探究过程，并求出满足条件的正实数a 的集合．2018学年第一学期高三数学质量检测试卷参考答案与评分标准一．填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分，第1—6题每题4分，第7---12题每题5分）考生应在答题纸的相应位置直接填写结果．1．}6,4,3,2,1{ 2．1 3．20 4．6-5．π33 6．),0(+∞ 7．552 8．)2,1[ 9．212 10．209 11．⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧31 12．3二．选择题(本大题共有4题，满分20分，每题5分)每题有且只有一个正确选项．考生应在答题纸的相应位置，将代表正确选项的小方格涂黑．13．B 14．B 15．D 16．C三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分76分） 解答下列各题必须在答题纸的相应位置写出必须的步骤． 17．（本题满分14分，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）解：（1）由5|32|<-x 得 5325<-<-x ，……………………4分 解得 41<<-x ．所以原不等式的解集是 )4,1(-．…………………………………6分 （2）原不等式可化为()()22260x x +->， ……………………4分 因为220x+>，所以62>x， ……………………………………5分 解得 6l o g 2>x ． ………………………………………7分所以原不等式的解集是()2log 6,+∞． ……………………………8分18．（本题满分14分，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）（1）解：因为侧棱⊥PD 底面ABCD ， 则侧棱PB 在底面ABCD 上的射影是DB ，所以PBD ∠就是侧棱PB 与底面ABCD 所成的角，即︒=∠15PBD ．……2分在PDB ∆中，)(24,9022m CD AD DB PDB =+=︒=∠， ………3分由DB PDPBD =∠tan 得 2415tan PD =︒，解得 )(52.1m PD =． ………5分 所以立柱PD 的长约为 m 52.1． ………………………………6分 （2）由题意知底面ABCD 是长方形，所以BCD ∆是直角三角形． ………………………2分 因为侧棱⊥PD 底面ABCD ， 得BC PD DB PD DC PD ⊥⊥⊥,,，所以PDC ∆、PDB ∆是直角三角形． …………………………4分 因为DC BC ⊥，PD BC ⊥，又D DC PD = ，PD DC ,≠⊂平面PDC ， 所以⊥BC 平面PDC ． …………………………………………6分 又因为PC ≠⊂平面PDC ，所以PC BC ⊥，所以PBC ∆ 为直角三角形． …………………………………7分 由鳖臑的定义知，四面体PDBC 为鳖臑． ………………………8分 19．（本题满分14分，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分）（1）证明：由余弦定理得 bc a c b A ac b c a B 2cos ,2cos 222222-+=-+=，则 bca cb b ac b c a a A b B a 22cos cos 222222-+⋅+-+⋅=+ca cbc b c a 22222222-++-+=c = 所以 c A b B a =+cos cos ． ……………………………3分 由题意得 (i)(cos icos )3i a b A B +⋅+=， 即 3i )i cos cos ()cos -cos (=++A b B a B b A a ，由复数相等的定义可得0cos -cos =B b A a ，且3cos cos =+A b B a ，………………………5分 即 3=c ． ………………………………………………6分 （2）由（1）得 0cos -cos =B b A a ． ………………………1分 由正弦定理得 0cos sin cos sin =⋅-⋅B B A A ，即 B A 2sin 2sin =． ……………………………………………………2分 因为 ),0(π∈A 、),0(π∈B ， 所以 B A 22= 或 π=+B A 22，即 B A =或2π=+B A ，即B A =或2π=C ．所以 ABC ∆知等腰三角形或直角三角形．………………………………4分当B A =时，2cos cA b == ，所以6A π=； ……………………6分当2π=C时，sin 3b A c ==arcsin 3A = ． ……………8分20．（本题满分16分，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分）解：（1）设()()2h x f x x =+，则()()221h x x m x =-+++由于()h x 是偶函数，所以对任意R ∈x ，()()h x h x -=成立．……2分 即 1)2(1))(2()(22+++-=+-++--x m x x m x 恒成立．即 0)2(2=+x m 恒成立， …………………………………3分 所以 02=+m ，解得 2-=m ．所以所求实数m 的值是 2-=m ． …………………………………4分 （2）由()2()3g x g π≤， 得22,362k k Z πππωπ⋅+=+∈ ，即132k ω=+()k Z ∈ ………2分 当[0,]2x π∈时，[,]6626x ππωππω+∈+()0ω>，因为sin y x =在区间[,]62ππ的单调递增， 所以262ωπππ+≤，再由题设得203ω<< …………………………5分所以12ω=． ……………………………………6分（3）设函数()f x 在[]1,2上的值域为A ，()g x 在[]0,π上的值域为B ， 由题意和子集的定义，得A B ⊆．………………………………………2分 当],0[π∈x 时，]67,6[6πππ∈+x ，]2,1[)(-∈x g ． ………………3分 所以当[]1,2x ∈时，不等式2112x mx -≤-++≤恒成立，由[]1,1,2m x x x ≤+∈恒成立，得2m ≤， 由[]2,1,2m x x x≥-∈恒成立，得1m ≥，综上，实数m 的取值范围为[]1,2 ． ………………6分 其它做法，对应给分。
上海市长宁区、嘉定区2018届高三上学期质量调研（一模）测试地理试题一.选择题（共 40分，每小题 2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1.2017年 11月引汉(江)济渭(河)工程中施工难度最大的引水隧洞工程顺利贯通，导致该工程施工难度大的重要影响因素是A.地形B.气候C.植被D.水文2.北京时间 2014年 12月 17日 12时 50分，天文台捕捉到一个 M8.7级的太阳耀斑。
当耀斑爆发时，以下地区能较易观察到绚丽极光的是A.北冰洋地区B.南极地区C.赤道地区D.北回归线地区3.2017年 12月 20日(农历初三)的夜晚，在上海可见的月相是A.新月B.蛾眉月C.上弦月D.凸月4.2016年 11月 30日,“二十四节气——国人通过观察太阳周年运动而形成的实践知识体系及实践”列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，二十四节气划分使用的周期是A.太阳日B.恒星日C.回归年D.恒星年5.冰岛给科学家们提供了极好的研究“海底护张学说”假说的场地，图示横贯冰岛中部的地带可能是A.海沟B.洋脊C.海岸山脉D.板块消亡边界6.奇峰怪石的黄山，其主要岩石类型是A.石灰岩B.花岗岩C.玄武岩D.石英砂岩7.影响气候的因素较多，造成 M、N、P三地降水差异的主导因素是A.洋流B.海陆位置C.地形D.大气环流8.右图所示等高线图（单位：米）范围内A.有一座山峰B.有两座山峰C.有三座山峰D.无山峰9.根据我国部分地区雨带分布的位置判断，此时最可能的月份是：A.3、4月B.6、7月C.8、9月D.12、1月10.罗讷河源自阿尔卑斯山脉，流经法国东南部，注入地中海，其上游河段地区通常出现春汛，其主要原因是河流补给来源于A.雨水B.地下水C.冰川融水D.积雪融水11.喀斯特地貌对农业生产的影响主要表现为①易导致水土流失，土层薄②可耕地面积小，不利于农业机械化发展③岩层渗水性强，土壤持水性好，有利于农作物生长④土层疏松，钙磷等矿物养分丰富，适合农作物生长A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④12.影响兰州段铁路呈东西走向，城市呈带状分布的主导因素是A.政治、经济的发展需要B.交通运输的需要C.矿产资源分布状况D.地形和河流分布状况13.唐山和苏州两市人口年龄构成差异较大，尤其是 26-29岁年龄段。
高三生命科学教学质量检测试卷本试卷分为第I卷（第1-5页）和第II卷（第6-12页）两部分。
全卷共12页。
满分150分。
考试时间为120分钟。
第I卷（共60分）考生注意：1．答第I卷前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、姓名。
2．第I卷（1-30题），由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题纸上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B 铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案写在试卷上一律不给分。
一、选择题（共60分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个答案）1. 下列感受器中属于化学感受器的是A. 鱼类侧线B. 飞蛾触角C. 蝮蛇颊窝D. 人类耳蜗2. 下列结构的成分与艾滋病病原体的化学成分相似的是A. 核糖体B.中心体C. 溶酶体D.染色体3. 下列对“细胞学说”理解合理的是①揭示了动植物体结构的统一性②阐述了一切生物都由细胞和细胞产物构成③观察了细胞内部的各个细微结构④提出了细胞是一个相对独立的有机体A.①②B. ②③C. ③④D.①④4. 下列微生物中不能．．产生孢子的是A.大肠杆菌B. 青霉菌C. 蘑菇D. 酵母菌5. 下列有关化合物分类关系的集合图中正确的是6. 右图表示物质S在酶E的催化下水解成P的反应图解，下列叙述正确的是A．酶E可为该反应提供能量B．酶E水解的产物是H2O、CO2等物质C．若S是麦芽糖，可用双缩脲试剂来检测P的生成D．若S代表二肽，则E、P可分别代表肽酶、氨基酸7. 下列各组物质或结构中，基本组成单位相同的是A．细菌质粒和基因 B．抗体和抗原C．胰岛素和性激素 D．维生素和纤维素8. 为调查黄鹂的种群密度，用捕鸟网捕获30只鸟，其中黄鹂5只，做标志后放回自然界，明年又捕获了30只鸟，其中有标志的黄鹂2只，没有标志的黄鹂6只，则此地区黄鹂的种群个体数大约为A. 20B. 15C. 75D.45若图中箭头所指表示实验进行一段时间后胚芽鞘的生长情况，实验结果正确的是A B C D10. G2期细胞内完成的主要活动是A．DNA的精确复制 B．合成一定数量的RNAC．合成DNA复制需要的酶 D．合成组装纺锤体的蛋白质11.下面关于酶的分离提纯和固定化技术的叙述中，合理的是A．分离中先酶蛋白沉淀再过滤滤液 B．提纯方法是使酶和承载物交联在一起C．固定后的酶仍具有酶的活性 D．固定化酶含生长素的只能利用一次，不能重复利用12. 当人体失血过多，动脉血压突然降低，在这种应急状态下人体出现的反应是A．副交感神经兴奋，心排血量增加B．交感神经兴奋，血管收缩，外周阻力增大C．交感神经抑制，心排血量增加，血管收缩D．副交感神经兴奋，血管舒张，血流加快13. 噬菌体侵染细菌之后，合成新的噬菌体蛋白质外壳需要 A．细菌的DNA及其氨基酸B．噬菌体的DNA及其氨基酸 C．噬菌体的DNA和细菌的氨基酸D．细菌的DNA及其噬菌体的氨基酸14. 下图显示了人体内能源物质的代谢途径，大写字母代表物质，其中物质Z直接参与了过程①，下列叙述不正确．．．的是A．X是葡萄糖 B．Y是丙酮酸 C．Q是甘油 D．Z可以是氨基酸脱去氨基的碳链15. 若母亲的血清中不含凝集素抗A和抗B，而父亲的血清中含凝集素抗A，则后代红细胞膜上不可能．．．出现的情况是A．有凝集原A B．有凝集原B C．有凝集原A和B D．无凝集原A和B16. 1861年巴斯德发现，利用酵母菌酿酒的时候，如果发酵容器存在氧气，酒精的产生会停止，这就是所谓的巴斯德效应。
