语法知识—非谓语动词的图文答案
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非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了,要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词:done二、三种形式的含义(基本用法)不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。
三、非谓语动词的时态和语态四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构:for / of sb. to do sth.动词ing 形式的复合结构:宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时,用的所有格+doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时,建议把三种形式一起来比较学习,会更加有效一些。
七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为,用动名词作主语,选Bb. 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s useless doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。
非谓语动词完整归纳含答案一、非谓语动词1.The show was so funny that it made everyone ______ again and again.A. laughB. laughedC. laughingD. to laugh【答案】 A【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。
句意:这节目太好笑了,它使每个人都连连大笑。
make sb do sth让某人做某事。
所以选A。
2.Our teacher often advises us the habit of making notes while reading.A. to developB. developC. to developingD. developing【答案】 A【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。
句意:我们的老师经常建议我们培养在阅读时做笔记的习惯。
Advise sbto do sth建议某人做某事,所以选A。
3.I still like those good old songs I often listened to _______myself in my spare time.A. enjoyB. enjoyingC. to enjoyD. enjoyed【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:我仍然喜欢那些我业余时间经常听过的好的老歌。
分析本题句子结构为:主语为I,谓语动词是like,宾语those good old songs,因此句子主干部分就是I still like those good old songs而I often listened to做先行词songs的后置定语,songs做介词to 的宾语,因此省略了关系代词that。
本题to enjoy myself in my spare time属于不定式做目的状语。
也就是I still like those good old songs( I often listened to )enjoy myself in my spare time,故选C。
第二讲非谓语动词1.(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.2.(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)My ambassadorial duties will include (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.3.(2016·高考全国甲卷语法填空)If you find something you love doing outside of the office,you'll be less likely (bring) your work home.4.(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal (create) special designs.5.(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots,(use) twigs (树枝) to remove it.6.(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough (cool)the house during the hot day.7.(2015·高考陕西卷短文改错)...I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.8.(2014·高考陕西卷短文改错)One evening at sunset,we sat by the fire,have our barbecue.9.(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Abercrombie & Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people (live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.10.(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)A study of travelers(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.11.(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.12.(2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition”a house without (use)electric equipment.13.(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)One morning,I was waiting at the bus stop,worried about (be)late for school.14.(2014·高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver,but he refused (stop)until we reached the next stop.15.(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)It took years of work(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.答案:1.permitted 2.introducing 3.to bring 4.to create ing 6.to cool7.just后加to 8.have→having9.ing13.being14.to stop15.to reduce1.巧记三种非谓语动词作状语的基本区别(1)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,且正在进行,要想到用现在分词形式(doing);(2)若非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间是被动关系,且表完成,要想到用过去分词形式(done);(3)若非谓语动词表将来的动作,作状语表示目的,在喜怒哀乐的形容词后作原因或意料之外的结果等要想到用不定式形式(to do)。
非谓语动词:to动词原形动词原形ing,英语语言最爱的表达形式一、【非谓语动词】:表示动作或者动词词组,不做谓语。
今天主讲非谓语动词形式:to + 动词动词原形,动词原形+ing (V-ing)。
1.动词不定式:由to+动词原形构成。
可以做主语,宾语,定语,表语和状语。
(1)做主语To get there by bikewill take us an hour.解析:译文:骑自行车到达那里将会需要1个小时。
非谓语动词不定式词组做主语:toget there by bike谓语:will take宾语1:us(直接宾语)宾语2:an hour(间接宾语)(2)做宾语The driver failed to see the car in time.解析:译文:这个司机没有及时看到这个小轿车。
主语:The driver谓语:failed宾语:to see the car (非谓语不定式词组做宾语)状语(时间):in time(3)宾补We believe him to be guilty.解析:译文:我们相信他是无罪的。
主语:We谓语:believe宾语:him宾补:to beguilty(对宾语的补充说明)(4) 定语The next train to arrive is from Seoul.解析:译文:马上即将到达的列车是来自首尔的。
主语:The next train谓语:is from宾语:Seoul定语:to arrive(定语是修饰主语的,这里to arrive “即将到达”,修饰 thenext train“下一趟列车”)(5) 表语My suggestion is to put offthe meeting.解析:译文:我的建议是推迟这次会议。
主语:My suggestion谓语:is宾语:themeeting表语:to put off(主系表,在is后面为表语)(7) 状语I come here only to say goodbye to you.解析:译文:我来到这只想跟你告别。
人教版英语非谓语动词完整归纳含答案解析推荐精选一、非谓语动词1.——Would you mind not_____ noise? Alice is sleeping.——Sorry, I didn't know. I________ she was awake.A. make, thinkB. making, thoughtC. making, thinkD. make, thought【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:—你可不可以不要制造噪音?Alice在睡觉。
—对不起,我不知道。
我还以为她醒着呢!根据I didn't know.可知我刚才不知道,那时认为她醒着,I thought我原以为。
故选B。
【点评】考查动词的用法。
2.We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.A. not leaveB. not to leaveC. leaveD. to leave【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险,我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事,动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。
结合句意,故选B3.—Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.—Wait a minute. It's dangerous ______ it while crossing the street.A. answeringB. answerC. to answer【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:—-朱丽亚,你的手机响了。
—等一下。
过马路时接电话是危险的。
It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……,是固定句式,it是形式主语,不定式结构做真正主语。
非谓语动词知识点题型含答案解析一、非谓语动词1.—Is this dictionary Ming's?—Yes. Please remember it to him when you finish the words.A. to return; to look upB. to return; looking upC. returning; to look upD. returning; looking up【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:一这本字典是明的吗?一是的,请记当你查阅完这些单词把字典还给他。
remember to do sth:记得去做某事,该事情还没有做; remember doing sth记得曾经做过某事,该事情已经做了。
finish doing sht完成做某事。
结合句意,可知归还的动词还没有做,故选B。
2.We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.A. not leaveB. not to leaveC. leaveD. to leave【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险,我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事,动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。
结合句意,故选B3.Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided ______ his own restaurant.A. openB. openedC. to openD. opening【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:周先生擅长烹饪,他已经决定开一家自己的餐馆。
搭配:decide to do sth. 决定做某事;故答案为C。
非谓语动词讲解及练习( 含答案 )一、单项选择非谓语动词1.What will you do if the people ______ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech? A. sitting B.sitC. sat D. to sit【答案】 A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意:如果坐在大厅后排的人们听不清演讲你该怎么办?根据题干中谓语动词have trouble doing 判断出前面填非谓语结构,“人们”和“坐”是主动关系,故选 A。
2.In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.A. making B. made C. make D.makes【答案】 A【解析】考查状语从句。
在澳大利亚,许多路标都是用英文和中文同时标识,使中国游客去旅游更加容易。
根据与前面一句用逗号隔开,没有连词,故判断此空用非谓语动词,根据与主语是主动关系,故用动词-ing 形式,用来修饰和补充上一句话,故选A。
3.For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit________on his own farm.A. grown B.being grownC. to ge grown D. to grow【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。
句意:早餐,他只喝来自他自己农场种植的新鲜水果的果汁。
grow 作定语修饰fruit , grow 与 fruit 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。
B 项表示正在进行; C 项表示还未发生,均不符合题意。
故选A。
4.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.A. to be heard B.to have heardC. hearing D. being heard【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查不定式的被动语态形式。
七年级英语(下)语法(谓语动词与非谓语动词)1. 一般现在时态与一般过去时态中,动词be(am/is/are/was/were)与实义动词的原形/第三人称单数形式/过去式不能同时作谓语动词。
2. 如何判断句子的谓语动词的时态:(1)首要的判断依据是句子的时间状语(标志词)。
如:They (have) a meeting yesterday. 昨天他们开了一个会议。
句子的时间状语是yesterday(昨天),是一个表示过去时间的时间状语,该句子的谓语动词应该用一般过去时态,因而要将所给的实义动词have变为过去式had作谓语动词。
(2)根据句子的意思进行判断。
如果所给的句子没有时间状语,则我们可以根据句子的意思来判断句子的时态。
如:They (finish) their homework. 他们完成作业了。
finish(完成)是一个表示结果的实义动词,通常用于一般过去时态,因而要将它变为过去式finished。
(3)一般疑问句/特殊疑问句及其答语的时态必须相同。
如:-What are you doing? -We (play) soccer. 你们正在做什么?我们正在踢足球。
该特殊疑问句的时态是现在进行时态,所以答语也要用现在进行时态,因而将所给的实义动词变为are playing。
(4)并列连词(如:and, but, so等)连接的两个句子的时态必须相同。
如:Sam likes carrots, but Tom (not like) them. 萨姆喜欢胡萝卜,但是汤姆不喜欢他们。
该句子是由转折并列连词but连接两个句子构成的转折并列句,第一个分句用的是一般现在时态,因而第二个分句也要用一般现在时态,它的主语是第三人称单数形式,所给的动词的否定式要变为doesn’t like。
(5)情态动词can/could/may/must/would以及动词短语have to/be going to必须与动词原形连用才能构成完整的谓语动词。
非谓语动词专题复习答案(沈雪芬整理)一、几个基本概念1.下列各句子中哪个是谓语动词?(用来说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态,一般出现在主语之后)1).简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成He practices running every morning. She takes good care of her sick mother.2). 复合谓语:由情态动词或助动词加动词原形构成.You may keep the book for two weeks. You’d better not take the book out of the reading-room.We are going to call on him tonight. She doesn’t seem to like dancing.2.为什么需要使用非谓语动词?英语语法中一个基本规则:句子由主语和谓语动词构成.一个句子只能有一个谓语动词。
在已有谓语却无连词的情况下,其它动词都必须以非谓语的形式出现。
观察下列句子,该句表达错误在何处?Mary found her car stolen,she hurried to a policeman for help. (错误句子)按照英语语法规则,正确的句子形式为:1)Mary found her car stolen. She hurried to a policeman for help. (用两个独立的句子)2)Mary found her car stolen, so she hurried to a policeman for help.(使用连词并表达出句子间的关系)3)Mary, who found her car stolen, hurried to a policeman for help. (使用具有连词性质的关系词,定语从句)4)Finding her car stolen, Mary hurried to a policeman for help. (使用非谓语)例句:Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.Seeing from the mountain, I find the city much more beautiful.To see the city from the mountain, I climbed to the top of it.3.非谓语动词的基本形式和含义to do 目的、将来doing 主动、进行done 被动、完成分析句子正误并改正。
动词不定式、现在分词、动名词、过去分词总称为非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的形式及句法功能如下:示被动与完成。
非谓语动词作状语(一)不定式作状语不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句,常用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。
1.不定式用来作目的状语。
作目的状语时,不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语,往往译作“为了;想要”。
►To be a winner, you need to give all you have and try your best.要想成为赢家,你要付出所有并竭尽全力。
2.不定式用于so...as to, such...as to, enough to, too...to, only to等结构中作结果状语。
►Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?你能好心把你的自行车借给我吗?►He hurried to the booking office only to be told all the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙去了售票处,结果被告知所有的票都已经卖完了。
【注意】“only+to do”表示出乎意料的结果,tell和主语he 之间存在动宾关系,因而应用不定式的被动结构。
而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。
►His parents died, leaving him an orphan.他的父母去世了,因此他成了孤儿。
(二)过去分词作状语1.过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系,且含有完成之意。
意义上相当于状语从句,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等。
►Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.因为安迪在一部新电影中被分得一个重要角色,他得到了一个成名的机会。
2.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,且往往用于一些系表结构中。
一、选择题1.—It’s too hot. Would you mind my________ the window?— ________, please do it now.A.to open; OK B.opening; Certainly not C.opening; Of course D.to open; Good idea2.—________is the boy using his mobile phone________?—________for information.A.Why; / ; Search B.Why; for; To searchC.What; for; Searching D.What; for; To search3.—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets.—But the film is really worth _________ twice.A.managing; seeing B.to manage; seeingC.managing; being seen D.managed; to see4.Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone.A.swimB.to swimC.swimmingD.swam5.When he saw the photo, he couldn’t stop ________ her stay in London.A.think of B.to think of C.thought of D.thinking of 6.Let’s go to that shop________some school things.A.buying B.to buy C.bought7.My mom wants________a new Jacket________me.A.to buy;to B.to buy: for C.buy; for8.We should do what we can _________ animals in danger.A.save B.to save C.saving D.saved9.I used to . But now I get used to doing everything. I’m successful at last.A.give up; keeping B.giving up; keepingC.giving up; keep D.give up; keep10._____ the environment is important for human beings.A.Take care of B.Taking care of C.Took care of D.Take the care of 11.Would you mind _________ in class?A.no talking B.not talking C.no talk D.not talk 12.The journey made them ________very tired.A.to feel B.feeling C.feel13.—Do you prefer basketball with me?一No,I’d rather at home and watch TV.A.play;stay B.to play;to stayC.play;to stay D.to play;stay14.—Let's think about _______ A Bite of China tonight?—That sounds good!A.watch B.watching C.to watch D.watches 15.—Why not ________him________ some food on the way home?—Good idea!A.to ask; to buy B.ask; buy C.ask; to buy D.to ask; buy 16.In the Science Museum, the children are to see so many things.A.surprised; amazed B.surprised; amazingC.surprising; amazing D.surprising; amazed17.When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ________ Chinese Taiji.A.does B.did C.doing D.are doing 18.How lucky Peter was! Some policemen arrived in time and __________ him out. A.managed to help B.tried to help C.succeeded to help D.tried helping 19.Will you please________them________the Birdwatching Society?A.inviting; join B.to invite; to join C.invite; to join D.to invite; join 20.Sandy likes ________ TV. She ________ TV every day.A.watching; watching B.watch; watchesC.to watch; is watching D.watching; watches21.—What can I do for you? —I’d like ________ some tickets.A.to book B.book C.booking D.booked 22.— What do you use MP3 for?— I ________ it ________ to music.A.use; listen B.are listening; listeningC.use; to listen D.is listening; to listening23.Tom plans to Australia this summer but I would like America.A.to go, visiting B.to go, to visit C.going, to visit 24.Practicing English as often as you can is the best way ________ it .A.learn B.learning C.to learn D.for learn 25.(2015·河南)Whenever we kids come over,Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ________ sure we don't break anything.A.make B.madeC.to make D.making26.—When can you finish ________ that book?—This afternoon. Then you can read it. It’s really interesting.A.read B.to read C.reading27.It is important for everyone ________his promise in his life.A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.kept28.At the party, Lucy ________ like a Mickey Mouse to make us ________.A.dressed up, laugh B.dressed up, to laugh C.dressed on, laugh D.dressed on, to laugh 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:---天气太热了。
你介意我打开窗户吗?----当然不介意,现在就打开吧。
Would you mind +动词-ing. Would you mind my doing...?意为"你是否介意我做某事?"回答时,不介意用no或certainly not. 故选B。
【点睛】Would you mind +动词-ing.2.D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:——这个男孩用手机做什么?——为了搜寻信息。
考查一般疑问句及动词不定式。
use sth. for…表达的是“用……是为了……”;疑问词用what表达“什么”做for的宾语;答句表达的是“使用手机的目的是为了搜寻信息”,表达目的状语用to do。
故选D。
3.A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析: 句意:---你不知道我试图得到两张票有多大的困难。
---但是电影值得看两遍。
此题考查固定短语have difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难,be worth doing事值得做;根据句意,故选A。
4.B解析:B【解析】句意:我们的父母不允许我们单独去河里游泳。
A. swim动词原形;B. to swim动词不定式;C. swimming分词形式;D. swam过去式。
Allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。
故答案选B。
点睛:接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词:advise. 建议;allow 允许;ask 请(叫);encourage.鼓励;expect 期望;help. 帮助;invite. 邀请; like 喜欢;need需要;order命令;prefer. 宁愿teach .教;tell 告诉;want. 想;warn. 警告;wish希望等。
5.D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:当他看到那张照片时,他停不住的想起他在伦敦的逗留。
考查固定搭配。
think of想起,想到;to think of动词不定式;thought of过去式;thinking of动名词。
can’t stop doing sth不能停止做某事,故选D。